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The probabilities of large deviations for a certain class of statistics associated with multinomial distribution 与多项分布有关的某一类统计量的大偏差的概率
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2020020
S. Mirakhmedov
Let η = (η1, …, ηN) be a multinomial random vector with parameters n = η1 + ⋯ + ηN and pm > 0, m = 1, …, N, p1 + ⋯ + pN = 1. We assume that N →∞ and maxpm → 0 as n →∞. The probabilities of large deviations for statistics of the form h1(η1) + ⋯ + hN(ηN) are studied, where hm(x) is a real-valued function of a non-negative integer-valued argument. The new large deviation results for the power-divergence statistics and its most popular special variants, as well as for several count statistics are derived as consequences of the general theorems.
设η = (η1,…,η n)为参数n = η1 +⋯+ η n且pm > 0, m = 1,…,n, p1 +⋯+ pN = 1的多项式随机向量。我们假设N→∞,maxpm→0为N→∞。研究了形式为h1(η1) +⋯+ hN(ηN)的统计量的大偏差概率,其中hm(x)是非负整数值参数的实值函数。作为一般定理的结果,导出了幂散度统计量及其最流行的特殊变体的新的大偏差结果,以及几种计数统计量的大偏差结果。
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引用次数: 3
On Bernstein–Kantorovich invariance principle in Hölder spaces and weighted scan statistics Hölder空间中的Bernstein-Kantorovich不变性原理与加权扫描统计量
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2019027
A. Račkauskas, Charles Suquet
Let ξn be the polygonal line partial sums process built on i.i.d. centered random variables Xi, i ≥ 1. The Bernstein-Kantorovich theorem states the equivalence between the finiteness of E|X1|max(2,r) and the joint weak convergence in C[0, 1] of n−1∕2ξn to a Brownian motion W with the moments convergence of E∥n−1/2ξn∥∞r to E∥W∥∞r. For 0 < α < 1∕2 and p (α) = (1 ∕ 2 - α) -1, we prove that the joint convergence in the separable Hölder space Hαo of n−1∕2ξn to W jointly with the one of E∥n−1∕2ξn∥αr to E∥W∥αr holds if and only if P(|X1| > t) = o(t−p(α)) when r < p(α) or E|X1|r < ∞ when r ≥ p(α). As an application we show that for every α < 1∕2, all the α-Hölderian moments of the polygonal uniform quantile process converge to the corresponding ones of a Brownian bridge. We also obtain the asymptotic behavior of the rth moments of some α-Hölderian weighted scan statistics where the natural border for α is 1∕2 − 1∕p when E|X1|p < ∞. In the case where the Xi’s are p regularly varying, we can complete these results for α > 1∕2 − 1∕p with an appropriate normalization.
Bernstein-Kantorovich定理陈述了E|X1|max(2,r)的有限性与n−1∕2ξn在C[0, 1]中的联合弱收敛与E∥n−1/2ξn∥∞r到E∥W∥∞r的矩收敛之间的等价性。对于0 < α < 1∕2,p(α) =(1∕2 - α) -1,证明了可分Hölder空间中n−1∕2ξn到W的Hαo与E∥n−1∕2ξn∥αr到E∥W∥αr的联合收敛当且仅当当r < p(α)时p(|X1| > t) = o(t−p(α))或当r≥p(α)时E|X1|r <∞时成立。作为一个应用,我们证明了对于每一个α < 1∕2,多边形均匀分位数过程的所有α-Hölderian弯矩收敛于布朗桥的相应弯矩。当E|X1|p <∞时,当α的自然边界为1∕2−1∕p时,我们也得到了一些α-Hölderian加权扫描统计量的n阶矩的渐近性质。
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引用次数: 4
The logarithmic Zipf law in a general urn problem 一般瓮问题的对数齐夫律
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2020011
Aristides V. Doumas, V. Papanicolaou
The origin of power-law behavior (also known variously as Zipf’s law) has been a topic of debate in the scientific community for more than a century. Power laws appear widely in physics, biology, earth and planetary sciences, economics and finance, computer science, demography and the social sciences. In a highly cited article, Mark Newman [Contemp. Phys. 46 (2005) 323–351] reviewed some of the empirical evidence for the existence of power-law forms, however underscored that even though many distributions do not follow a power law, quite often many of the quantities that scientists measure are close to a Zipf law, and hence are of importance. In this paper we engage a variant of Zipf’s law with a general urn problem. A collector wishes to collect m complete sets of N distinct coupons. The draws from the population are considered to be independent and identically distributed with replacement, and the probability that a type-j coupon is drawn is denoted by p j , j = 1, 2, …, N . Let T m (N ) the number of trials needed for this problem. We present the asymptotics for the expectation (five terms plus an error), the second rising moment (six terms plus an error), and the variance of T m (N ) (leading term) as N →∞ , when p j = a j / ∑j =2 N +1 a j , where a j = (ln j )−p , p > 0. begin{equation*} p_{j}=frac{a_{j}}{sum_{j=2}^{N+1} a_{j}}, ,,,text{where},,, a_{j}=left(ln jright)^{-p}, ,,p>0.end{equation*} pj=aj ∑ j=2N+1aj,whereaj= lnj-p,p>0. Moreover, we prove that T m (N ) (appropriately normalized) converges in distribution to a Gumbel random variable. These “log-Zipf” classes of coupon probabilities are not covered by the existing literature and the present paper comes to fill this gap. In the spirit of a recent paper of ours [ESAIM: PS 20 (2016) 367–399] we enlarge the classes for which the Dixie cup problem is solved w.r.t. its moments, variance, distribution.
幂律行为(也称为齐夫定律)的起源在科学界已经争论了一个多世纪。幂律广泛出现在物理学、生物学、地球和行星科学、经济学和金融学、计算机科学、人口学和社会科学中。在一篇被大量引用的文章中,马克·纽曼[当代][物理学46(2005)323-351]回顾了幂律形式存在的一些经验证据,但强调了即使许多分布不遵循幂律,科学家测量的许多量通常接近齐夫定律,因此很重要。本文将齐夫定律的一个变体与一般瓮问题联系起来。一个收藏家希望收集m套完整的N种不同的优惠券。认为从总体中抽取的券是独立的,具有替换的同分布,抽取到j型券的概率记为p j, j = 1,2,…,N。设T m (N)为这个问题所需的试验次数。当p j = a j /∑j = 2n + 1a j,其中a j = (ln j)−p, p > 0时,我们给出了期望(五项加一个误差)、第二次上升矩(六项加一个误差)和T m (N)(首项)方差为N→∞的渐近性。begin{equation*} p_{j}=frac{a_{j}}{sum_{j=2}^{N+1} a_{j}}, ,,,text{where},,, a_{j}=left(ln jright)^{-p}, ,,p>0.end{equation*} pj=aj∑j=2N+1aj,其中aj= lnj-p,p>0。此外,我们证明了T m (N)(适当归一化)在分布上收敛于一个Gumbel随机变量。这些息票概率的“log-Zipf”类未被现有文献所涵盖,本文填补了这一空白。本着我们最近的一篇论文[ESAIM: PS 20(2016) 367-399]的精神,我们扩大了迪克西杯问题解决的类别,包括它的矩、方差和分布。
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引用次数: 2
The Berry-Esseen bound of a wavelet estimator in non-randomly designed nonparametric regression model based on ANA errors 基于ANA误差的非随机设计非参数回归模型中小波估计量的Berry-Esseen界
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/PS/2019017
Xu-fei Tang, Xuejun Wang, Yi Wu, Fei Zhang
Consider the nonparametric regression model Y ni = g (t ni ) + e i , i = 1, 2, …, n ,  n ≥ 1, where e i ,  1 ≤ i ≤ n , are asymptotically negatively associated (ANA, for short) random variables. Under some appropriate conditions, the Berry-Esseen bound of the wavelet estimator of g (⋅) is established. In addition, some numerical simulations are provided in this paper. The results obtained in this paper generalize some corresponding ones in the literature.
考虑非参数回归模型Y ni = g (t ni) + e i, i = 1,2,…,n, n≥1,其中e i, 1≤i≤n为渐近负相关(简称ANA)随机变量。在一定条件下,建立了g(⋅)的小波估计量的Berry-Esseen界。此外,本文还进行了数值模拟。本文所得结果推广了文献中相应的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Continuous-time Markov processes, orthogonal polynomials and Lancaster probabilities 连续时间马尔可夫过程,正交多项式和兰开斯特概率
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2020004
R. H. Mena, Freddy Palma
This work links the conditional probability structure of Lancaster probabilities to a construction of reversible continuous-time Markov processes. Such a task is achieved by using the spectral expansion of the corresponding transition probabilities in order to introduce a continuous time dependence in the orthogonal representation inherent to Lancaster probabilities. This relationship provides a novel methodology to build continuous-time Markov processes via Lancaster probabilities. Particular cases of well-known models are seen to fall within this approach. As a byproduct, it also unveils new identities associated to well known orthogonal polynomials.
这项工作将兰开斯特概率的条件概率结构与可逆连续时间马尔可夫过程的构造联系起来。这样的任务是通过使用相应的过渡概率的频谱展开来实现的,以便在兰开斯特概率固有的正交表示中引入连续时间依赖性。这种关系为通过兰开斯特概率构建连续时间马尔可夫过程提供了一种新的方法。众所周知的模型的特殊情况属于这种方法。作为副产品,它还揭示了与众所周知的正交多项式相关的新身份。
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引用次数: 1
A probabilistic approach to quasilinear parabolic PDEs with obstacle and Neumann problems 带障碍和Neumann问题的拟线性抛物型偏微分方程的概率方法
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2019023
Lishun Xiao, Shengjun Fan, D. Tian
In this paper, by a probabilistic approach we prove that there exists a unique viscosity solution to obstacle problems of quasilinear parabolic PDEs combined with Neumann boundary conditions and algebra equations. The existence and uniqueness for adapted solutions of fully coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations with reflections play a crucial role. Compared with existing works, in our result the spatial variable of solutions of PDEs lives in a region without convexity constraints, the second order coefficient of PDEs depends on the gradient of the solution, and the required conditions for the coefficients are weaker.
本文用概率方法证明了拟线性抛物型偏微分方程结合Neumann边界条件和代数方程的障碍问题存在唯一的黏度解。带反射的完全耦合正反向随机微分方程的自适应解的存在唯一性是一个重要的问题。与已有的研究结果相比,我们的结果中偏微分方程解的空间变量存在于一个没有凸性约束的区域,偏微分方程的二阶系数依赖于解的梯度,且系数的要求条件较弱。
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引用次数: 1
Exit-time of mean-field particles system 平均场粒子系统的退出时间
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2019028
J. Tugaut
The current article is devoted to the study of a mean-field system of particles. The question that we are interested in is the behaviour of the exit-time of the first particle (and the one of any particle) from a domain D on ℝd as the diffusion coefficient goes to 0. We establish a Kramers’ type law. In other words, we show that the exit-time is exponentially equivalent to [see formula in PDF], HN being the exit-cost. We also show that this exit-cost converges to some quantity H.
本文致力于研究粒子的平均场系统。我们感兴趣的问题是,当扩散系数趋于0时,第一个粒子(以及任意一个粒子)在域D上的存在时间的行为。我们建立了克莱默类型定律。换句话说,我们证明退出时间是指数等价的[见PDF中的公式],HN是退出成本。我们也证明了这个退出成本收敛于某个量H。
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引用次数: 2
One-step estimation for the fractional Gaussian noise at high-frequency 高频分数阶高斯噪声的一步估计
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/PS/2020022
A. Brouste, M. Soltane, I. Votsi
The present paper concerns the parametric estimation for the fractional Gaussian noise in a high-frequency observation scheme. The sequence of Le Cam’s one-step maximum likelihood estimators (OSMLE) is studied. This sequence is defined by an initial sequence of quadratic generalized variations-based estimators (QGV) and a single Fisher scoring step. The sequence of OSMLE is proved to be asymptotically efficient as the sequence of maximum likelihood estimators but is much less computationally demanding. It is also advantageous with respect to the QGV which is not variance efficient. Performances of the estimators on finite size observation samples are illustrated by means of Monte-Carlo simulations.
本文研究高频观测方案中分数阶高斯噪声的参数估计问题。研究了Le Cam的一步极大似然估计序列。该序列由基于二次广义变分估计(QGV)的初始序列和单个Fisher评分步骤定义。证明了OSMLE序列作为极大似然估计序列是渐近有效的,但计算量要少得多。相对于方差效率不高的QGV,它也是有利的。通过蒙特卡罗模拟说明了估计器在有限大小观测样本上的性能。
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引用次数: 6
Approximation of the invariant distribution for a class of ergodic jump diffusions 一类遍历跳跃扩散的不变分布的近似
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/PS/2020023
A. Gloter, Igor Honoré, D. Loukianova
In this article, we approximate the invariant distributionνof an ergodic Jump Diffusion driven by the sum of a Brownian motion and a Compound Poisson process with sub-Gaussian jumps. We first construct an Euler discretization scheme with decreasing time steps. This scheme is similar to those introduced in Lamberton and PagèsBernoulli8(2002) 367-405. for a Brownian diffusion and extended in F. Panloup,Ann. Appl. Probab.18(2008) 379-426. to a diffusion with Lévy jumps. We obtain a non-asymptoticquasiGaussian (asymptotically Gaussian) concentration bound for the difference between the invariant distribution and the empirical distribution computed with the scheme of decreasing time step along appropriate test functionsfsuch thatf−ν(f) is a coboundary of the infinitesimal generator.
在本文中,我们近似了由布朗运动和亚高斯跳变的复合泊松过程和驱动的遍历跳变扩散的不变量分布。首先构造了一种时间步长递减的欧拉离散格式。该方案与Lamberton和pagautisbernoulli8(2002) 367-405中引入的方案类似。张建平,张建平。一类布朗扩散及其推广。达成。Probab.18(2008) 379 - 426。到与lsamvy跳跃的扩散。我们得到了不变分布与经验分布之差的一个非渐近拟高斯(渐近高斯)浓度界,该分布采用沿适当的测试函数递减时间步长格式计算,使得f−ν(f)是无穷小发生器的共边界。
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引用次数: 3
Random forests for time-dependent processes 时间相关过程的随机森林
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/PS/2020015
Benjamin Goehry
Random forests were introduced by Breiman in 2001. We study theoretical aspects of both original Breiman’s random forests and a simplified version, the centred random forests. Under the independent and identically distributed hypothesis, Scornet, Biau and Vert proved the consistency of Breiman’s random forest, while Biau studied the simplified version and obtained a rate of convergence in the sparse case. However, the i.i.d hypothesis is generally not satisfied for example when dealing with time series. We extend the previous results to the case where observations are weakly dependent, more precisely when the sequences are stationary β−mixing.
布雷曼在2001年引入了随机森林。我们研究了原始布雷曼随机森林和简化版本的中心随机森林的理论方面。在独立同分布假设下,Scornet、Biau和Vert证明了Breiman随机森林的一致性,Biau研究了简化版本,得到了稀疏情况下的收敛率。然而,通常不满足i.i.d假设,例如在处理时间序列时。我们将先前的结果扩展到观测值弱依赖的情况,更准确地说,当序列是平稳的β -混合时。
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引用次数: 16
期刊
Esaim-Probability and Statistics
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