Physician and Sportsmedicine最新文献

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to verify the association between non-modifiable (age categories, sex and race/ethnicity) and modifiable (sport modality, socioeconomic, training load, sleep, and eating disorder) factors with anxiety and depressive symptoms in young athletes.

Methods: The sample was composed of 168 athletes engaged in national competitions from individual sports [swimming (n = 26) and badminton (n = 53)] and team sports [soccer (n = 28) and handball (n = 61)]. The coaches monitored the training load throughout the training week, and athletes completed self-reported questionnaires to assess sociodemographic data, sleep quality, eating disorders, and symptoms of anxiety and depression on the recovery day after a full week of pre-season training.

Results: The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in young athletes were 14.3% and 25.6%, respectively, and female athletes presented higher rates of anxiety symptoms than males (30.8% vs. 11.3%; p = 0.015). Athletes from individual sports and athletes with 18 years or older showed higher depressive symptoms than younger (32.3% vs. 17.3%; p = 0.021). Athletes from the minority group showed higher depressive symptoms compared to the dominant group (41.9% vs. 20%; p = 0.005). The quality of sleep also influenced both anxiety (β = 5.430 [95%CI: 1.896 to 15.553]) and depressive symptoms (β = 5.292 [95%CI: 2.211 to 12.664)] in young athletes.

Conclusion: In short, non-modifiable factors, such as sex and age categories, should be considered when anxiety and depressive symptoms are examined in young athletes. Modifiable factors such as sports modality and sleep quality impact depressive symptoms in this population.

Objectives: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is an overuse injury characterized by pain along the posteromedial tibial border. This region contains several soft tissues, including adipose tissue and the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus tendons. However, few studies have investigated whether these tissues exhibit abnormalities in MTSS. This study aimed to use MRI to evaluate abnormalities in the bone marrow or soft tissues of patients with MTSS and those with a history of medial tibial pain.

Methods: Eighteen patients with MTSS, 20 uninjured athletes, and 17 individuals with a history of medial tibial pain underwent T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and short T1 inversion recovery imaging. The presence of bone marrow, periosteal, and peritendinous edema and abnormalities in the adipose tissue along the posteromedial tibial border were evaluated. Fisher's exact test was applied to determine the relationship between abnormalities and clinical status.

Results: Patients with MTSS exhibited abnormalities in the adipose tissue (27.3%), peritendinous edema (22.7%), bone marrow edema (22.7%), and periosteal edema (59.1%). However, the incidence of these abnormalities showed no statistically significant differences between the three groups. Athletes showed abnormalities in the bone marrow, periosteum or soft tissues, regardless of their clinical status.

Conclusion: Various tissues, including the adipose tissue and peritendon along the posteromedial tibial border, may contribute to MTSS, highlighting its complex pathology. Imaging assessments are important for diagnosing MTSS and should complement physical examination and evaluation of the patient's history.

Objectives: This study aims to explore and understand the knowledge and attitudes of Paralympic athletes and their coaches toward pressure ulcers. By focusing on this underserved population, the study seeks to improve awareness, recognition, and management practices to minimize the health and performance impacts of pressure ulcers in Paralympic sports.

Methods: Paralympic athletes and their coaches were contacted. Volunteers were included in the exploratory sequential mixed design study. In the quantitative phase, a digital survey was used to evaluate Paralympic athletes' and coaches' awareness of pressure ulcers. To gain a deeper understanding of the factors deemed significant in the quantitative analyses, the researcher conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews with athletes and coaches. The data was analyzed using the SPSS package program and MAXQDA program.

Results: Ten coaches and 82 Paralympic athletes participated in the study. The sports disciplines were wheelchair basketball (40%), Paralympic table tennis (40%), Paralympic court tennis (10%), and athletics (10%). Coaches' knowledge about pressure ulcers was low, and athletes' knowledge was even lower. It was concluded that coaches should improve their attitudes toward pressure ulcers, particularly in the areas of competence and responsibility sharing. During the interviews with the participants, several themes emerged.

Conclusion: To address pressure ulcers' significance, it is essential to increase the knowledge level of both athletes and the entire team and adopt a positive attitude. It has been concluded that different areas of expertise in the fields of health and sports should work with a more organized structure and team awareness.

Objective: To evaluate if peer relationship ratings differ among adolescents who sustain a sport-related concussion compared to those who sustain a non-sport-related concussion.

Study design: We conducted a cross-sectional investigation of 123 adolescents who sustained a concussion within 21 days before their initial post-injury evaluation (mean = 9.2 ± 3.9 days post-concussion). Participants reported whether their injury occurred during organized sport participation (sport-related concussion group) or not (non-sport-related concussion group). Participants completed the PROMIS Global Pediatric 25 assessment, as well as the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) to rate concussion symptom severity and a background/demographic intake form during the evaluation. We compared PROMIS peer relationship ratings between groups using independent t-tests and evaluated the association between peer relationship ratings and sport-related concussion using multiple linear regression after adjusting for covariates including PROMIS anxiety rating, age, sex, concussion and musculoskeletal injury history, loss of consciousness at time of concussion, physical activity participation prior to study evaluation, and concussion symptom severity.

Results: Most (N = 96, 78%) participants reported sustaining a concussion during sports. The group who sustained sport-related concussion reported significantly better post-concussion peer relationship ratings compared to the group who sustained a non-sport-related concussion (52.7 ± 7.7 vs. 47.7 ± 10.4; p = 0.009, Cohen's d = 0.60). After covariate adjustment, those who sustained a sport-related concussion had a significantly greater post-concussion peer relationship rating than those who sustained a non-sport-related concussion (β = 4.19, 95% CI = 0.39, 8.00; p = 0.03). Higher peer relationship ratings were also associated with lower anxiety ratings following concussion (β= -0.21, 95% CI= -0.38, -0.04; p = 0.03).

Conclusion: Adolescents who sustained a concussion during sports reported significantly greater post-concussion peer relationship ratings than those in non-sport settings. Better peer relationship ratings were associated with less anxiety in the post-injury period. These findings suggest the potential effects of contextual factors (e.g. peer support) to facilitate improved outcomes following adolescent concussion.

Objectives: Electric biking (e-biking) is a rapidly growing recreation, sport, and mode of transportation that often presents to emergency departments (EDs) with high-impact head injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of e-bike-related concussions and closed-head injuries (CHI) to inform more effective injury prevention strategies.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance (NEISS) was queried for e-bike related concussions and CHIs presented to national EDs from 1 January 2013-31 December 2022. Patient demographics, diagnoses, and dispositions were recorded, and injury narratives were reviewed to identify mechanisms of injury and motor vehicle (MV) involvement.

Results: A total of 11,052 nationally estimated (NE) e-bike head injuries presented to US EDs from 2013 to 2022. E-bike head injuries increased significantly from 2013 to 2022 (p = .006, β = 372.5), with 40.8% of all head injuries occurring in 2022. Nearly one-third of patients (31.0%) required hospital admission, with hospitalization occurring most frequently among ages 51 and older (44.5%). MV involvement accounted for 27.6% of head injuries, and caused a higher proportion of hospitalizations than mechanisms without MVs (35.6% vs. 29.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). High school age riders had the most MV incidents (53.2%), while the middle school age group had the highest proportion of concussions (26.5%) among all age groups. Relative to females, males were more likely to be involved in an MV incident (28.5% vs. 15.5%; p < 0.001) and were more likely to be hospitalized (33.0% vs. 25.4%; p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The incidence of concussions and CHIs due to e-bikes increased significantly from 2013 to 2022, while high proportions of hospitalization indicate serious injury severity and large medical costs associated with these injuries. The prevalence of crashes involving MVs, especially among teenagers, calls for further research on commuter and recreational e-bike use along with new traffic legislation to protect young e-bikers.

Objectives: Early specialization in a single sport from childhood is associated with an increased risk for acute and overuse injuries. Conversely, experience in multiple sports may be associated with improved neuromuscular control and performance. Currently, early sports specialization remains poorly researched in Japan. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the relationship between early sports specialization and landing and balance ability in Japan.

Methods: Thirty-eight female college basketball players were included and divided into the early specialization and nonspecialization groups. Landing and balance ability was measured using the one-leg jump-landing test, and the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) differences between the two groups were examined using unpaired t-test.

Results: Results showed no significant differences in SEBT between the two groups. In the one-leg jump-landing test, the vertical maximum ground reaction force and loading rate of the nondominant foot were significantly higher in the early specialization group than in the nonspecialization group.

Conclusion: Thus, in female college basketball players, early specialization may affect ground reaction forces and loading rate and may be a factor in developing acute and overuse injuries.

Posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) aneurysm is a rare condition, often affecting young professional overhead sports athletes, such as volleyball or baseball players. This condition is one of the manifestations of quadrilateral space syndrome (QSS). We present the case of a 20-year-old former basketball player and recreational swimmer, currently a member of the national team in precision flying, who developed recurrent symptoms of digital ischemia due to a PCHA aneurysm. Despite undergoing computed tomography (CT) imaging, the aneurysm was initially not identified, which delayed proper diagnosis. The patient ultimately underwent surgical treatment, leading to successful resolution of symptoms and return to physical activity. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of PCHA aneurysm, especially in athletes presenting with unexplained digital ischemia, and emphasizes the need for awareness of this condition among sports medicine and vascular specialists.

Objectives: To cross-sectionally determine 1) the association between lifetime diagnosed concussion and upper extremity musculoskeletal injury (UE-MSI) amongst a novel cohort of community rugby union players and 2) the sex-specific risk of UE-MSI given concussion history among these rugby players.

Methods: A total of 1,037 (31.0% female, 31.6 + 11.3 years) rugby players completed an online survey to determine lifetime history of diagnosed concussion (yes; no) and UE-MSI (yes; no). A chi-squared test of association was performed between concussion and any UE-MSI; odds ratio risk was also determined. Analyses were repeated by sex (male; female) and with specific UE-MSI (e.g. sprains, broken bones, dislocations).

Results: There was a significant association between concussion and any UE-MSI for this cohort (χ(1) = 10.802, p = 0.001, OR = 1.70 [95%CI: 1.23-2.32]). There was a significant association between concussion and any UE-MSI among males for (χ(1) = 13.612, p < 0.001, OR = 2.20 [95%CI: 1.4-3.3]) but not among females (χ(1) = 0.735, p = 0.391, OR = 1.20 [95%CI: 0.8-2.0]).

Conclusions: Community rugby players with a history of diagnosed concussion are at 1.7× increased odds for history of any UE-MSI compared to rugby players who are concussion naïve; sex-specific analyses revealed only increased risk among males. Sports medicine professionals and rugby stakeholders should view concussions as a risk factor and utilize established injury prevention programs to help reduce future UE-MSI in athletes.

Objective: To investigate the effects of scapular stabilization exercise training on pain and functional recovery in people with shoulder impingement syndrome. Design: A systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO. We systematically searched different databases. A random-effects model was used to determine the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for pain and functional recovery. Heterogeneity among studies was examined using the I2 statistic.

Results: Fourteen studies (666 participants) were included in the analysis. Addition of scapular stabilization-based exercise training to general exercises reduce pain MD - 0.8 cm (95% CI, -1.07 to -0.4; I² = 0%) and improve the functional recovery and shoulder abduction range of motion MD -13.27 (95% CI, -16.85 to -9.69; I² = 5%) and MD 2.74 degrees (95% CI, 0.3 to 5.2; I² = 0%), respectively. However, the certainty of the evidence is low to very low. No significant differences in pain or functional recovery were found between participants in the scapular stabilization-based exercise training with the feedback group and those in the scapular stabilization-based exercise training without the feedback group.

Conclusion: Our findings are promising; however, higher quality RCT is needed to better establish the superiority of the rehabilitation programs that include scapular stabilization exercises.

Purpose: Club sports are competitive, intercollegiate athletics that are not affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Club athletes may be at increased risk of injury compared to their NCAA counterparts due to limited resources, such as reduced access to strength and conditioning coaches and athletic trainers. Research has shown that injury-prevention education, as typically provided by coaches and trainers, can reduce injury rates and promote athlete compliance with safety practices.

Objective: This prospective cohort study investigates the impact of educational interventions on pain levels and injury rates in club collegiate men's lacrosse athletes.

Design: Investigators conducted an educational session on injury prevention, which included instruction on stretches and exercises. The treatment group included 66 athletes, while 46 athletes served as the control group.

Results: Pain levels significantly decreased by 1.549 (out of a self-reported scale of 10) (35.11%) (p = 0.0001). Although the average number of practices and games missed due to injury decreased by 0.579 in the treatment group compared to the control, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5970).

Conclusion: Educational interventions focused on injury-prevention stretches and exercises appear to be effective in reducing pain among club athletes. While the reduction in missed practices and games was not statistically significant, these findings suggest that such educational programs may help mitigate injuries in under-resourced athletes. Further exploration of strategies to enhance these interventions and decrease injuries among club athletes is warranted.