Research in Gerontological Nursing最新文献

Purpose: Diabetes prevalence is increasing among older adults globally. The current study aimed to compare geriatric syndrome prevalence in older adults with and without diabetes.

Method: Primary research (2011 to 2024) in English, French, or Spanish was included. We used multiple databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled log odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence rates were calculated using random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed.

Results: Older adults with diabetes exhibited higher prevalence rates of cognitive impairment (9.13% vs. 4.22%, log OR: 0.1884), depression (8.96% vs. 5.44%, log OR: 0.3543), falls (11.5% vs. 4.47%, log OR: 0.4237), functional impairment (14.2% vs. 10.6%, log OR: 1.02), urinary incontinence (9.72% vs. 4.35%, log OR: 1.3668), frailty (22.8% vs. 12.1%, log OR: 1.3443), and polypharmacy (22.9% vs. 5.78%, log OR: 2.5420). Diabetes was also associated with a higher comorbidity burden.

Conclusion: Multidisciplinary strategies addressing diabetes and associated conditions are crucial for older adults with diabetes. Future research should delve into underlying mechanisms and optimize care strategies. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To determine the status of depression and its key influencing factors among Chinese older adults in different living situations.

Method: Data of 7,092 older adults were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey. This study analyzed key variables influencing depressive symptoms using random forest modeling and logistic regression.

Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in older adults is 33.2%, with the highest prevalence of depression in older adults living alone (41.2%). Cognitive functioning and life satisfaction are psychological factors that affect older adults' mental health, whereas self-rated health and child relationship satisfaction are biological and social factors affecting their mental health, respectively. Furthermore, self-rated pain and limitations in activities of daily living were identified as risk factors for their mental health. Key factors affecting older adults' mental health differ between living situations.

Conclusion: Key factors of depressive symptoms in older adults differ across living situations, providing a priority and reference for differential prevention and precise intervention of depressive symptoms to promote a healthy aging process. Results of the current study may help clinicians better understand the pathogenesis of depression in older adults, guide clinical diagnosis and treatment, and develop individualized depression prevention and management strategies. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To gain a deeper understanding of Black older adults' (aged ≥65 years) experiences with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including racism, and their use of active coping throughout their life course.

Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 Black older adults followed by administration of the First 18 Years Survey (measuring ACEs) and the John Henryism Active Coping Scale. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative and quantitative data were integrated using a triangulation process.

Results: Four major themes emerged from the qualitative data. Participants reported experiencing pervasive racism throughout their lives. Quantitative results indicated participants experienced fewer ACEs and made high use of active coping. Triangulation indicates qualitative findings and explains the quantitative results.

Conclusion: Although participants faced ACEs including racism, they found strategies to help them actively cope. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx(x), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To develop a predictive model for fall risk in pre-frail older adults, providing a basis for early identification and prevention of falls among this population.

Method: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study. A total of 473 pre-frail older adults were included, 335 as the training set and 142 as the test set. Univariate and stepwise binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the relationship between pre-frail and fall risk and establish the frailty risk prediction nomogram. The nomogram was constructed based on the results of logistic regression. The model assessment relied on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis.

Results: Fall incidence rate among pre-frail older adults within 6 months was 13.63%. The final fall risk prediction model identified that sex, history of falls in the past year, visual impairment, increased nocturia, and fear of falling are the most critical risk factors for falls in pre-frail older adults. The model exhibited good accuracy in the testing set, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.825 (95% confidence interval [0.736, 0.914]).

Conclusion: Pre-frail older adults have a higher incidence of falls. The logistic regression model constructed in this study shows promising predictive capabilities and can be used as a screening tool to identify pre-frail older adults at high risk of falls in clinical practice. We anticipate that this model will assist clinical nurses in enhancing the efficiency of fall prevention efforts and reducing the incidence of falls among pre-frail older adults. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(1), 29-39.].

Purpose: To explore cultural factors related to resilience among Black/African American Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) partner caregivers.

Method: This study used a qualitative design. An adapted Resilience Framework informed the in-depth interviews with 10 Black/African American ADRD partner caregivers.

Results: Four major themes emerged: Unfolding Process of ADRD Discovery, Resilience is Multifaceted in Caregiving, Resilience is an Adaptive Process, and Cultural Heritage Shapes Caregivers' Resilience Experiences. The major themes include a total of 18 subthemes.

Conclusion: Findings provide an in-depth understanding of how race, ethnicity, and cultural positive adaptive factors influence resilience among diverse ADRD partner caregivers. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(1), 21-28.].

The rising prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias has led to renewed public discourse and policy changes in response to the care needs of persons living with dementia and their care partners. Comprehensive dementia care models are central to many recent policy initiatives, most notably the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Guiding an Improved Dementia Experience model. Gerontological nursing research is uniquely positioned to design and lead research investigating the effectiveness of these initiatives, as well as the dissemination and scaling of existing comprehensive dementia care models. The current Annual State of the Science Review provides an overview of the current state of comprehensive dementia care models in the United States and relevant policies. Challenges and opportunities for nursing education, research, and implementation across the translational research continuum are also outlined. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(1), 7-16.].

Purpose: Despite the benefits of outdoor activity in older adults, a paucity of research explores factors associated with the frequency of older adults going outdoors. The aim of the current study was to investigate if factors of cognitive status, physical performance, and neighborhood characteristics were associated with outdoor frequency among older adults.

Method: This cross-sectional study used National Health and Aging Trends Study data to characterize outdoor frequency among Medicare beneficiaries by participant demographics, health, and neighborhood characteristics, and estimated relationships between participant factors and outdoor frequency.

Results: The sample included 3,368 participants. The majority (51.6%) were aged 75 to 84 years and female (57.2%). Most (60.4%) participants went outside daily. Probable dementia, physical limitations, and presence of street disorder and sidewalk continuity were associated with decreased outdoor frequency.

Conclusion: Research is needed to develop interventions addressing neighborhood conditions and promoting outdoor activity among older adults living with dementia and physical limitations. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(1), 40-52.].