Research in Gerontological Nursing最新文献

Purpose: The incarcerated population is rapidly aging. Transitions into, out of, and between prisons are common among justice-involved older adults, yet transition experiences remain poorly understood. The purpose of the current scoping review was to examine literature on transitions into, out of, and between prisons experienced by justice-involved older adults.

Method: We conducted a scoping review to understand the current state of the literature. Databases searched included PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO.

Results: Nineteen studies were eligible for inclusion. Most examined transitions out of prison. Factors influencing transitions into and out of prison include individual vulnerability, family structure, and adjustment and coping. Studies also found that transitions into prison can influence transitions out of prison. No studies examined transitions between prisons.

Conclusion: Multiple factors influence justice-involved older adults' transitions that could be targeted by correctional and community-based nursing interventions. Research should investigate the full range of transitions experienced by justice-involved older adults.

Purpose: Advance care planning (ACP) promotion in Japan is insufficient, particularly with consideration of incorporating an individual's cherished personal values. The current study examined actual awareness and intention toward ACP among older adults living alone (OALA) aiming to identify facilitators and barriers to ACP focusing on cherished personal values for this specific cohort.

Method: A semi-structured questionnaire survey was conducted with 300 OALA in Japan to explore their cherished personal values and awareness of ACP. Potential factors influencing intentions regarding ACP among OALA were examined.

Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that holding multiple personal values was significantly associated with a positive intention toward ACP among OALA, regardless of the specific types of values identified.

Conclusion: Recognizing multiple cherished personal values is crucial for successful ACP among OALA. A guiding tool supporting the identification of these values is needed to facilitate ACP among OALA.

Purpose: Older family care partners of persons with heart failure (HF-FCPs) face physical, psychosocial, and financial burden, yet their self-care difficulties and unmet needs remain poorly understood. We examined older HF-FCPs' self-management challenges, care-related needs, and health status.

Method: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured, one-on-one interviews with 15 HF-FCPs between September 2022 and January 2023.

Results: HF-FCPs (mean age = 65.9 years [SD = 4.4 years]) were predominantly female (n = 11) and spouses (n = 13), providing care for 9.3 years and 35.4 hours per week. Arthritis was the most common chronic condition among HF-FCPs, followed by obesity and hearing or vision impairments. Four key themes emerged: Self-Management Challenges, Motivation for Self-Care, Need for Social Connection, and Need for Caregiver Resources in Supporting Patients With HF.

Conclusion: Findings highlight the need to develop and implement caregiver-centered health programs tailored to the unique needs of older HF-FCPs.

Purpose: Family surrogate decision-makers in nursing homes (NHs) face complex challenges, influenced by communication quality, trust, and cultural norms. The current study examined how communication fosters trust to enhance surrogate self-efficacy in Israeli NHs, where cultural values strongly shape caregiving and decision-making.

Method: Data from 235 family caregivers of individuals with moderate to advanced dementia in Israeli NHs were analyzed using validated scales and mediation analysis (Hayes' PROCESS Macro).

Results: Communication quality positively correlated with trust and self-efficacy; trust fully mediated this relationship.

Conclusion: Trust-building communication is crucial for empowering surrogates within the unique Israeli cultural context, improving decision confidence and care quality. Future work should explore culturally tailored interventions to support diverse caregiving families.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between care recipient occurrence and frequency of hospitalization and caregiver well-being.

Method: A cross-sectional, secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Caregiving in the United States 2020 survey. Outcomes of interest were the occurrence and incidence of care recipient hospitalization. Dependent variables included domains of caregiver well-being, including physical strain, emotional strain, overall health, and meaning attributed to caregiving.

Results: Multivariate regression indicated a strong association between care recipient hospitalization and caregiver general health, physical strain, and emotional strain. The association was sustained for increased number of hospitalizations.

Conclusion: The current study highlights components of caregiver well-being that may be affected by the hospitalization of a care recipient. Health care systems may need to include supportive methods for caregivers and their care recipients going through care transitions.

Purpose: To consider the value of a multiple measurement assessment approach to determine evidence of dementia for inclusion in research studies.

Method: The current descriptive study used screening data from a study implementing a pain clinical practice guideline in nursing homes. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to test the measurement model of cognition.

Results: A total of 111 individuals were included. The model fit the data; however, two direct resident assessments indicated that 10% and 21% of participants had no dementia based on the Brief Interview for Mental Status and Pizza Test, respectively. All informant-based measures indicated that participants had dementia with the exception of one individual based on the AD8.

Conclusion: Findings supported the practicality of using a single direct assessment completed by the participant to identify whether the individual had evidence of cognitive impairment.

Purpose: Sleep disturbances are common among family caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD), yet few interventions are designed to address these sleep challenges. Existing sleep interventions often overlook the specific barriers and facilitators that shape caregivers' sleep experiences. A clearer understanding of these factors is essential for developing tailored, acceptable, and effective interventions to support caregiver sleep health.

Method: The current secondary data analysis used a qualitative descriptive design. Nineteen family caregivers of PLWD who provided unpaid care for >4 hours per day and had insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index score >5) participated in the current study. Semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Caregivers, on average, were aged 63 years (SD = 8.2 years), and primarily female (57.9%), White (68.4%), and spouses (78.9%). Themes for barriers to good sleep were: (1) Connectedness of the PLWD Behavior With Caregiver Sleep, (2) Caregiver Responsibilities and Worries, and (3) Pre-Existing Sleep Problems and Age-Related Health Conditions. Themes for facilitators of good sleep were: (1) Physical Activity and Mindfulness Practices, (2) Using Sleep Hygiene Strategies, and (3) Preferring Nonpharmacological Sleep Solutions Despite Medication Benefits.

Conclusion: The current study identified several modifiable barriers and facilitators that can inform future interventions. These findings underscore the need for early, proactive interventions that incorporate nonpharmacological strategies and consider the interconnected nature of sleep within the caregiving relationship.

Purpose: To identify the attributes, antecedents, consequences, surrogate terms, and related terms of nursing leadership in nursing homes (NHs).

Method: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was used to examine nursing leadership in NHs.

Results: Findings highlight attributes of nurse leaders in NHs and how these attributes set the concept apart from closely related terms, such as RN or clinical leadership.

Conclusion: Nursing leadership is often used interchangeably with surrogate and related terms. This intermingling can undermine the role of nursing leaders in NHs, inhibiting true collaboration and fostering incorrect expectations among interprofessional colleagues in the care setting, operational leaders (e.g., physicians, nursing home administrators), and policymakers around key decisions that impact nursing and ultimately the outcomes of those living and receiving care in NHs.

Purpose: Patient activation encompasses the knowledge, skills, confidence, and willingness to manage health, particularly critical for people with Parkinson's disease (PD) in effective disease management. The current study investigated the relationship between patient activation and health behaviors.

Method: Participants (N = 57) were recruited via social media. Patient activation was measured using the Patient Activation Measure^® (PAM^®), and health behaviors were assessed through the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II). Partial correlation analyzed associations, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested differences across groups.

Results: Patient activation was significantly correlated with overall health behaviors (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and all subscales, including health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management (range = 0.39 to 0.64). A one-way ANOVA confirmed significant differences in health behaviors across activation levels.

Conclusion: Higher patient activation is associated with better health-promoting behaviors in people with PD. Assessing activation may help tailor interventions to support healthy aging in this population.