Research in Gerontological Nursing最新文献

Purpose: To investigate the association between cognition, social engagement, physical well-being, and emotional well-being in a diverse older population.

Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted using a factor score structural equation model in a multiethnic sample of African American, Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic American, and European American participants.

Results: Statistically significant (direct effects) between the latent constructs of physical well-being, emotional well-being, and social engagement were found. Model invariance testing suggests a partial invariance model with differences in life space, depression, and anxiety across racial/ethnic groups. As a mediator, social engagement significantly diminished the effects of emotional well-being (i.e., anxiety and depression) and increased the effects of physical well-being (Life Space Assessment and SF-36 Physical Component Summary: β = -0.07, standard error [SE] = 0.14, p = 0.045, and β = -0.15, SE = 0.14, p = 0.040, respectively) on cognition.

Conclusion: Results suggest good model fit and a critical role for social engagement in its impact on cognition. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 124-136.].

Purpose: To explore family care partners' (FCPs) common support needs, preferences, and caregiving priorities for persons with delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) to inform intervention development.

Method: A descriptive qualitative study was performed, using semi-structured interviews with 12 FCPs from an assisted living community and integrated memory care clinic.

Results: Findings reveal the importance of structured education, proactive caregiving strategies, and empathetic communication in improving care outcomes for individuals with DSD. FCPs emphasized the need for health care providers to prioritize their care recipients' baseline and preferences and provide mental health support for caregivers.

Conclusion: The study highlights the significant role FCPs play in DSD care and the urgent need for interventions that address their educational and emotional needs to improve patient and caregiver well-being. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 113-123.].

Purpose: To explore participants' experiences with the Physio-Feedback Exercise Program (PEER) and potential barriers to access and adoption of the program.

Method: The current qualitative descriptive study was conducted among 32 older adults aged ≥60 years in Central Florida who participated in the PEER. A semi-structured interview guide was used to obtain participants' experiences with the program. They were individually interviewed and audio recorded. Responses were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Four major themes emerged: Positive Aspects of Using Technology, Sociocultural Influence on Participation, Impact of the PEER, and Barriers and Challenges to the PEER.

Conclusion: Participants were satisfied with the intervention and made healthier lifestyle changes to improve their health. They adopted the program and intended to continue practicing what they learned beyond the program. Future studies should address barriers to adopting and sustaining the PEER. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 137-145.].

Purpose: To develop a scale for evaluating the medication use competency of older adults and verify its psychometric properties.

Method: The Medication Use Competency Scale (MUCS) was initially formulated based on a literature review, theoretical frameworks, and qualitative interviews using a hybrid model. The scale was then tested on 245 older adults.

Results: Exploratory factor analysis identified 23 items across five factors: attitude, physical skills, knowledge, effort to sustain, and cognitive skills, explaining a significant portion of the variance. Construct validity was verified, along with criterion validity, which demonstrated a moderate correlation (r = 0.40, p < 0.001) with the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The scale exhibited strong internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84, and test-retest reliability of 0.73 (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The MUCS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing medication use competency in the older adult population. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 154-164.].

Purpose: To investigate the classification and characteristics of frailty transition in older adults over a 1-year period.

Method: A three-wave mailed cohort survey was conducted in a community setting. Data from 361 participants who answered all items were analyzed. Group-based multivariate trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to classify frailty transitions over the three time points.

Results: GBTM revealed the best fit when participants were divided into four trajectory groups (G1: "worsened frailty after 1 year" [n = 94, 26%]; G2: "maintained frailty status" [n = 149, 41.3%]; G3: "improved frailty status" [n = 49, 13.6%]; and G4: "worsened frailty after 6 months" [n = 69, 19.1%]). Swallowing function was a significant association in participants in G1 and G3. Walking speed and exercise habits worsened between baseline and second surveys in G4.

Conclusion: Four frailty transition types were identified in the three-wave survey conducted over 1 year. Swallowing function was associated with the progression or improvement of frailty. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 146-153.].

Purpose: Diabetes prevalence is increasing among older adults globally. The current study aimed to compare geriatric syndrome prevalence in older adults with and without diabetes.

Method: Primary research (2011 to 2024) in English, French, or Spanish was included. We used multiple databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled log odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence rates were calculated using random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed.

Results: Older adults with diabetes exhibited higher prevalence rates of cognitive impairment (9.13% vs. 4.22%, log OR: 0.1884), depression (8.96% vs. 5.44%, log OR: 0.3543), falls (11.5% vs. 4.47%, log OR: 0.4237), functional impairment (14.2% vs. 10.6%, log OR: 1.02), urinary incontinence (9.72% vs. 4.35%, log OR: 1.3668), frailty (22.8% vs. 12.1%, log OR: 1.3443), and polypharmacy (22.9% vs. 5.78%, log OR: 2.5420). Diabetes was also associated with a higher comorbidity burden.

Conclusion: Multidisciplinary strategies addressing diabetes and associated conditions are crucial for older adults with diabetes. Future research should delve into underlying mechanisms and optimize care strategies. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(2), 99-108.].

Purpose: To examine the prevalence and factors related to frailty in 200 community-dwelling middle-aged adults (aged 50 to 64 years).

Method: Frailty was assessed using the Fried Frailty Phenotype scale. The following parameters were recorded: demographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, nutritional supplements, sleep quality, and mood status.

Results: Prevalences of frailty and pre-frailty in the population were 1% and 36.5%, respectively. Low physical activity was the predominant symptom experienced by middle-aged adults with pre-frailty. Moreover, males, those with low educational levels, and those with poor mood status had a higher risk of frailty (p < 0.05). In addition, those who consumed milk more than three times per week had a lower risk of frailty compared to their counterparts (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Health care programs that focus on increasing physical activity, milk consumption, and psychological support could be suitable strategies for preventing and managing pre-frailty in this population. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(2), 81-89.].

Purpose: To gain a deeper understanding of Black older adults' (aged ≥65 years) experiences with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including racism, and their use of active coping throughout their life course.

Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 Black older adults followed by administration of the First 18 Years Survey (measuring ACEs) and the John Henryism Active Coping Scale. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative and quantitative data were integrated using a triangulation process.

Results: Four major themes emerged from the qualitative data. Participants reported experiencing pervasive racism throughout their lives. Quantitative results indicated participants experienced fewer ACEs and made high use of active coping. Triangulation indicates qualitative findings and explains the quantitative results.

Conclusion: Although participants faced ACEs including racism, they found strategies to help them actively cope. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(2), 57-67.].