Research in Gerontological Nursing最新文献

Purpose: To rapidly develop the Attitudes Toward Smart Speaker Integration for Self-Management of Chronic Conditions (ASSIST) survey to evaluate attitudes toward various smart speaker functions for guiding a chronic disease self-management intervention among low-income older adults with chronic conditions and cognitive impairment.

Method: The development process included four phases: conceptualization and survey category determination, item development, content validation, and refinement. An expert panel of nurse researchers and health informatics researchers assisted in identifying self-management categories and developing survey items by providing iterative feedback.

Results: Six major categories of chronic condition self-management were identified. The survey initially comprised 29 items within the six categories, later refined to a final set of 22 items, each reflecting relevant self-management tasks that could be supported by smart speakers.

Conclusion: The ASSIST survey offers a practical tool for assessing perceived usefulness of various smart speaker-based tasks in chronic disease management that can inform an individualized intervention design for underserved older adults with cognitive impairment, although further validation is necessary to broaden its application.

Purpose: To explore the experiences of nurses working with persons living with dementia (PLWD) in perioperative settings.

Method: A study using qualitative description methodology was conducted. We interviewed 20 nurses working on four units in an academic medical center. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results: Five themes were discovered: (1) Nurses' Descriptions of PLWD Perioperative Experience; (2) Nurses' Descriptions of Caregivers' Perioperative Experience; (3) Nurses' Work; (4) Unit Setup and Patient Flow; and (5) Recommendations for Improving Perioperative Care for PLWD. Aspects that complicated care provision included: neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, routine disruption, pain, and insufficient staffing.

Conclusion: Working with PLWD is time-consuming for nurses and they frequently lack knowledge and skills to provide high-quality care. Ways to improve perioperative care for PLWD and their caregivers are summarized, including through nurses' baccalaureate and continuing education.

Purpose: To describe characteristics and outcomes of family caregivers for persons with Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia (PD/LBD) and compare them to those of other family caregivers.

Method: Using a California statewide database, we examined caregiver characteristics and outcomes (strain, loneliness, worse health, and depressive symptoms) and compared them by care recipient diagnosis (PD/LBD, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, or other chronic conditions) using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: PD/LBD caregivers were more likely to identify as female, married, and college-educated; engage in high-intensity caregiving; and report their care recipient wakes them or others up at night. In multivariable models, PD/LBD caregiving was associated with worse health. Among PD/LBD caregivers, performing medical/nursing tasks was associated with higher odds of strain, loneliness, worse health, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: PD/LBD caregivers are a distinct group who often experience high-demand caregiving. Tailored support can help address the unique needs of this population.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between postural balance and fear of falling (FoF) in older adults, examining the chain mediating roles of activities of daily living (ADLs) and depressive symptoms.

Method: The chain mediating role of ADLs and depressive symptoms between postural balance and FoF was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS 26.0.

Results: ADLs and depressive symptoms play a chain mediating role in the relationship between postural balance and FoF. Impaired postural balance is associated with poorer ADLs in older adults and an increased risk of depressive symptoms and FoF.

Conclusion: Targeted interventions can be developed to reduce FoF in older adults by improving postural balance, increasing ADLs, and alleviating depressive symptoms.

Purpose: To preliminarily examine the individual and interaction effects of hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk on cognitive functions (i.e., global cognition, memory, attention, and executive function).

Method: The current study was a secondary data analysis. Forty older adults were retrieved from a descriptive study. OSA risk was measured by the STOP-BANG questionnaire, and hypertension by self-report and medications used. Spearman rho correlation and two-way analysis of covariance were used in the data analysis.

Results: After controlling for covariates (i.e., age, educational years, health conditions, body mass index, and depressive symptoms), older adults with hypertension had poorer memory and attention; older adults with high OSA risk had poorer memory and better executive function. This interaction effect of hypertension and OSA risk on executive function was significant.

Conclusion: The association between hypertension and memory and attention and between OSA risk and memory in older adults was supported. The interaction effect was found in executive function but unexpected. Future studies are needed to recruit older adults with hypertension and diagnosed OSA to explore these interaction effects.

Purpose: To investigate the association between cognition, social engagement, physical well-being, and emotional well-being in a diverse older population.

Method: A secondary data analysis was conducted using a factor score structural equation model in a multiethnic sample of African American, Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic American, and European American participants.

Results: Statistically significant (direct effects) between the latent constructs of physical well-being, emotional well-being, and social engagement were found. Model invariance testing suggests a partial invariance model with differences in life space, depression, and anxiety across racial/ethnic groups. As a mediator, social engagement significantly diminished the effects of emotional well-being (i.e., anxiety and depression) and increased the effects of physical well-being (Life Space Assessment and SF-36 Physical Component Summary: β = -0.07, standard error [SE] = 0.14, p = 0.045, and β = -0.15, SE = 0.14, p = 0.040, respectively) on cognition.

Conclusion: Results suggest good model fit and a critical role for social engagement in its impact on cognition. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 124-136.].

Purpose: To explore family care partners' (FCPs) common support needs, preferences, and caregiving priorities for persons with delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) to inform intervention development.

Method: A descriptive qualitative study was performed, using semi-structured interviews with 12 FCPs from an assisted living community and integrated memory care clinic.

Results: Findings reveal the importance of structured education, proactive caregiving strategies, and empathetic communication in improving care outcomes for individuals with DSD. FCPs emphasized the need for health care providers to prioritize their care recipients' baseline and preferences and provide mental health support for caregivers.

Conclusion: The study highlights the significant role FCPs play in DSD care and the urgent need for interventions that address their educational and emotional needs to improve patient and caregiver well-being. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 113-123.].

Purpose: To explore participants' experiences with the Physio-Feedback Exercise Program (PEER) and potential barriers to access and adoption of the program.

Method: The current qualitative descriptive study was conducted among 32 older adults aged ≥60 years in Central Florida who participated in the PEER. A semi-structured interview guide was used to obtain participants' experiences with the program. They were individually interviewed and audio recorded. Responses were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Four major themes emerged: Positive Aspects of Using Technology, Sociocultural Influence on Participation, Impact of the PEER, and Barriers and Challenges to the PEER.

Conclusion: Participants were satisfied with the intervention and made healthier lifestyle changes to improve their health. They adopted the program and intended to continue practicing what they learned beyond the program. Future studies should address barriers to adopting and sustaining the PEER. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(3), 137-145.].