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A Bayesian predictive processing account of Othello syndrome in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病中奥赛罗综合征的贝叶斯预测处理。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2229080
Jennifer A Foley, Cliff Chen, Andrew Paget, Lisa Cipolotti

Introduction: Although delusions in Parkinson's disease (PD) are rare, when they occur they frequently take the form of "Othello syndrome": the irrational belief that a spouse or partner is being unfaithful. Hitherto dismissed as either a by-product of dopamine therapy or cognitive impairment, there are still no convincing theoretical accounts to explain why only some patients fall prey to this delusion, or why it persists despite clear disconfirmatory evidence.Methods: We discuss the limitations of existing explanations of this delusion, namely hyperdopaminergia-induced anomalous perceptual experiences and cognitive impairment, before describing how Bayesian predictive processing accounts can provide a more comprehensive explanation by foregrounding the importance of prior experience and its impact upon computation of probability. We illustrate this new conceptualisation with three case vignettes.Results: We suggest that in those with prior experience of romantic betrayal, hyperdominergic-induced aberrant prediction errors enable anomalous perceptual experiences to accrue greater prominence, which is then maintained through Bayes-optimal inferencing to confirm cognitive distortions, eliciting and shaping this dangerous delusion.Conclusions: We propose the first comprehensive mechanistic account of Othello syndrome in PD and discuss implications for clinical interventions.

引言:尽管帕金森病(PD)中的妄想症很少见,但当它们发生时,它们经常表现为“奥赛罗综合征”:即认为配偶或伴侣不忠的非理性信念。迄今为止,人们认为这要么是多巴胺治疗的副产品,要么是认知障碍,但仍然没有令人信服的理论解释来解释为什么只有一些患者会成为这种错觉的牺牲品,或者为什么尽管有明确的不确凿证据,这种错觉仍然存在。方法:我们讨论了对这种错觉的现有解释的局限性,即高多巴胺血症诱导的异常感知体验和认知障碍,然后描述了贝叶斯预测处理账户如何通过强调先验经验的重要性及其对概率计算的影响来提供更全面的解释。我们用三个案例来说明这个新概念。结果:我们认为,在那些有过浪漫背叛经历的人中,高肾上腺素能诱导的异常预测错误使异常感知体验变得更加突出,然后通过贝叶斯最优推理来维持这种突出,以确认认知扭曲,从而引发和塑造这种危险的错觉。结论:我们提出了第一个关于帕金森病奥赛罗综合征的全面机制描述,并讨论了对临床干预的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Spontaneous perspective-taking and its relation to schizotypy. 自发换位思考及其与精神分裂的关系。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2189575
Mark R Gardner, Tom Buchanan
ABSTRACT Introduction Patients with schizophrenia differ from healthy controls in the extent that they spontaneously take another’s perspective. For such effects, it is difficult to separate the influence of schizophrenia from multiple potential confounders. Here, for the first time, associations between spontaneous perspective-taking and schizotypy were investigated in a nonclinical population. Methods Adult participants completed both a Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ-BRU) and a novel online adaptation of a visual perspective-taking task that required participants to make judgements both from their own perspective and that of a human avatar. Results Response times were elevated when the avatar’s perspective was inconsistent with that of the participant, providing evidence of spontaneous perspective-taking. This demonstrates that the visual perspective-taking task can be successfully implemented in an online format. However, schizotypy did not predict these spontaneous perspective-taking effects. Conclusions Unlike explicit mentalising, this form of implicit mentalising is not affected by nonclinical manifestations of schizotypy traits. This implies that impairment of general neurocognitive function contributes to altered spontaneous perspective-taking in schizophrenia. A novel account based on the cognitive control processes involved in perspective selection and the role of attention in perspective calculation reconciles apparently contradictory findings of earlier studies comparing patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.
精神分裂症患者与健康对照者的不同之处在于,他们会自发地采取他人的观点。对于这种影响,很难将精神分裂症的影响与多种潜在的混杂因素分开。在这里,首次在非临床人群中研究了自发换位思考和精神分裂之间的关系。方法:成年参与者完成了一份分裂型人格问卷(SPQ-BRU)和一项新的在线视觉换位思考任务,该任务要求参与者从他们自己的角度和人类化身的角度做出判断。结果:当虚拟角色的视角与参与者的视角不一致时,反应时间会增加,这提供了自发换位思考的证据。这表明,视觉换位思考任务可以成功地实现在一个在线格式。然而,精神分裂型并不能预测这些自发的换位思考效应。结论:与外显心智化不同,这种形式的内隐心智化不受分裂型特征的非临床表现的影响。这意味着一般神经认知功能的损伤有助于精神分裂症患者自发换位思考的改变。一项基于视角选择认知控制过程和注意力在视角计算中的作用的新研究,调和了早期比较精神分裂症患者和健康对照组的明显矛盾的研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive profile in adult women with turner syndrome: IQ split and associations with ADHD and ASD. 特纳综合征成年女性的认知特征:智商分裂及其与ADHD和ASD的关系。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2209312
Hanna Björlin Avdic, Johan Lundin Kleberg, Marcus van der Poll, Louise Frisén, Matilda Hutley, Mandi Sarjanen, Ida Nordgren, Katja Ekholm, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Ann Nordgren, Charlotte Willfors

Introduction: The behavioural phenotype in Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with an uneven cognitive profile and social and executive difficulties. Still, studies in adult populations of TS are scarce, and the interactions between different behavioural domains are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the cognitive profile in relation to measures of ADHD and ASD in a Swedish sample of 30 adult women with TS.

Methods: Standardized psychological tests and questionnaires were used for behavioural assessments in a sample of adult women with a diagnosis of TS (n = 30). Both frequentist and Bayesian statistics were applied.

Results: The cognitive profile was characterized by a verbal > non-verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) split, and 77% of the sample displayed a split exceeding cut-off for clinical significance. Symptoms on screening measures reaching thresholds for ADHD were reported in two of the 30 participants (7%) and thresholds for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in one participant (3%). Bayesian statistics gave substantial evidence for no association between the IQ split and symptoms of ADHD/ASD.

Conclusions: These results show that the TS phenotype in adulthood is associated with a clinically significant uneven cognitive profile, and particular impairments in integrative executive functions.

特纳综合征(TS)的行为表型与不均匀的认知特征和社会和执行困难有关。然而,对成年TS人群的研究很少,不同行为领域之间的相互作用也不清楚。本研究的目的是在瑞典30名患有TS的成年女性样本中检查与ADHD和ASD测量相关的认知特征。方法:对诊断为TS的成年女性样本(n = 30)使用标准化心理测试和问卷调查进行行为评估。使用了频率统计和贝叶斯统计。结果:认知特征表现为语言>非语言智商(IQ)分裂,77%的样本显示分裂超过临床意义的临界值。30名参与者中有2人(7%)的筛检症状达到ADHD的阈值,1人(3%)达到自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的阈值。贝叶斯统计提供了大量证据,证明智商分裂和ADHD/ASD症状之间没有关联。结论:这些结果表明,成年期TS表型与临床显着的不均匀认知特征以及综合执行功能的特殊损伤有关。
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引用次数: 1
Linguistic anomalies observed in the Sentence Completion Test in patients with schizophrenia. 精神分裂症患者句子完成测试中语言异常的观察。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2209313
Young Tak Jo, Ji Soo Lee, Jaiyoung Park, Jungsun Lee, Yeon Ho Joo

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating disorder characterised by distorted thinking, perceptions, behaviours, and even language impairments. We investigated the linguistic anomalies in Korean schizophrenia patients compared to non-psychotic psychiatric controls to determine whether the linguistic anomalies in English speakers with schizophrenia were replicated in Korean speakers.

Methods: Thirty-four schizophrenia patients and 70 non-psychotic psychiatric controls were included in this study. The SCT was utilised as the text data for analysis. For linguistic analysis, we evaluated texts regarding semantics and syntax. We separately counted the number of semantic or syntactic errors in the written texts of study participants and compared them between patients and controls.

Results: Schizophrenia patients showed significantly more semantic errors (p < .001) and syntactic errors (p < .001) per 1,000 characters than non-psychotic psychiatric controls. Specifically, inappropriate word or syntactic component selection is noticeable in schizophrenia patients. These differences were still significant after adjusting for general intelligence measured by the K-WAIS-IV.

Conclusion: Schizophrenia patients showed both semantic and syntactic errors in written language. Moreover, these errors seemed to be partly independent of general intelligence. Notably, patients showed a noticeable number of syntactic errors. Further investigation into the language of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is required.

背景:精神分裂症是一种慢性衰弱性疾病,其特征是思维、感知、行为扭曲,甚至语言障碍。我们将韩国精神分裂症患者的语言异常与非精神病性精神病学对照进行了比较,以确定英语精神分裂症患者的语言异常是否在韩国人身上得到了复制。方法:选取34例精神分裂症患者和70例非精神病性精神病学对照。SCT作为文本数据进行分析。在语言分析方面,我们评估了文本的语义和语法。我们分别统计了研究参与者的书面文本中语义或句法错误的数量,并在患者和对照组之间进行了比较。结果:精神分裂症患者的语意错误明显多于精神分裂症患者(p p)。结论:精神分裂症患者书面语存在语意和句法错误。此外,这些错误似乎部分独立于一般智力。值得注意的是,患者出现了明显的语法错误。需要对精神分裂症和精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的语言进行进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
"My mind goes dead … I cannot speak": an expression of DPD. “我的脑子死气沉沉的……我说不出话来”:DPD的一种表达。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2197201
D Goeta, M Mula, M Mayhew, N A Poole

Introduction: Here we present a case of Depersonalisation-Derealisation Disorder which involves an unusual environmental trigger and profile of symptoms in a patient with an underlying left frontal encephalomalacia.

Methods: The clinical information has been collected from multiple neurological, psychiatric, neuropsychological examinations and from the patient's medical records.

Results: The neuropsychiatric assessment showed depersonalisation, derealisation, de-somatisation and de-affectualisation, along with a good response to SSRI + Lamotrigine; all typical features of DPD. The neuropsychological assessment showed language problems, and other mild cognitive difficulties that may provide a neuropsychological foundation contributing to the DPD episodes.

Discussion and conclusion: Given Mr R's underlying neuropsychological deficit, hearing voices without speech-associated gestures might place excessive demands on his ability to process the information, exacerbating his feelings of threat. This sets up the pattern of suppressed insula activation, and possibly the suppression of the auditory cortex leading to the presented unusual DPD symptoms.

简介:在这里,我们提出了一个病例的人格解体障碍,涉及一个不寻常的环境触发和症状的概况,患者与潜在的左额叶脑软化。方法:收集患者的临床资料,包括神经学、精神病学、神经心理学的多项检查和病历资料。结果:神经精神评估表现为人格解体、现实解体、躯体解体和情感解体,SSRI +拉莫三嗪治疗效果良好;所有DPD的典型特征。神经心理学评估显示语言问题和其他轻度认知困难可能为DPD发作提供了神经心理学基础。讨论和结论:考虑到R先生潜在的神经心理缺陷,听到没有语言相关手势的声音可能会对他处理信息的能力提出过高的要求,加剧他的威胁感。这建立了抑制脑岛激活的模式,并可能抑制听觉皮层,导致出现不寻常的DPD症状。
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引用次数: 0
Fatigue and its relation to general cognition, social cognition and social activity in multiple sclerosis and stroke. 多发性硬化和脑卒中患者疲劳及其与一般认知、社会认知和社会活动的关系。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2178399
Tobias Lohaus, Judith Witt, Anne Schürmeyer, Oliver T Wolf, Patrizia Thoma

Introduction: The relationship between fatigue and (socio-)cognitive deficits in neurological diseases has sparked increasing research interest in the past years. So far, findings are inconsistent. Most studies focused on general cognitive functioning in specific disorders, particularly cancer or multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: This study aims to examine the relationship between fatigue, social cognition and social activity, also taking into account general cognition, more closely, including a stroke patient group (n = 57), a MS patient group (n = 31) and a healthy control group (n = 20). The participants underwent a comprehensive (socio-)cognitive test battery and completed questionnaires on fatigue and psychopathology which, in addition to fatigue, can also affect (socio-)cognitive performance.

Results: In both MS and stroke patients high fatigue scores were observed. Irrespective of aetiology, patients with high and low fatigue did not differ with regard to general cognition and social cognition. However, high fatigue scores were associated with a reduction of social activities in both patient groups. No other significant relationships were observed between fatigue and (socio-)cognitive measures.

Conclusions: Future studies ought to further explore the potentially complex nature of fatigue symptoms and their relationship with (socio-)cognitive performance and social activity in neurological populations.

在过去的几年里,神经系统疾病中疲劳和(社会)认知缺陷之间的关系引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。到目前为止,研究结果并不一致。大多数研究集中在特定疾病的一般认知功能,特别是癌症或多发性硬化症(MS)。方法:本研究旨在研究疲劳、社会认知和社会活动之间的关系,同时更密切地考虑一般认知,包括脑卒中患者组(n = 57)、MS患者组(n = 31)和健康对照组(n = 20)。参与者进行了全面的(社会)认知测试,并完成了疲劳和精神病理学的问卷调查,除了疲劳之外,这些问卷也会影响(社会)认知表现。结果:多发性硬化症和脑卒中患者均有较高的疲劳评分。无论病因如何,高、低疲劳患者在一般认知和社会认知方面没有差异。然而,在两组患者中,高疲劳评分与社交活动减少有关。在疲劳和(社会)认知测量之间没有观察到其他显著的关系。结论:未来的研究应该进一步探索神经系统人群中疲劳症状的潜在复杂性及其与(社会)认知表现和社会活动的关系。
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引用次数: 1
The entangled nature of the brain 大脑的纠缠性
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2197202
A. Cavanna, G. Purpura, A. Riva, R. Nacinovich
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引用次数: 0
Swiss CAT+, a Data-driven Infrastructure for Accelerated Catalysts Discovery and Optimization. 瑞士CAT+,加速催化剂发现和优化的数据驱动基础设施。
IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2023.154
Paco Laveille, Pascal Miéville, Sourav Chatterjee, Elisa Clerc, Jean-Charles Cousty, Florian De Nanteuil, Erwin Lam, Edy Mariano, Adrian Ramirez, Urielle Randrianarisoa, Keyan Villat, Christophe Copéret, Nicolai Cramer

The Catalysis Hub - Swiss CAT+ is a new infrastructure project funded by ETH-domain, co-headed by EPFL and ETHZ. It offers the scientific community a unique integrated technology platform combining automated and high-throughput experimentation with advanced computational data analysis to accelerate the discoveries in the field of sustainable catalytic technologies. Divided into two hubs of expertise, homogeneous catalysis at EPFL and heterogeneous catalysis at ETHZ, the platform is open to academic and private research groups. Following a multi-year investment plan, both hubs have acquired and developed several high-end robotic platforms devoted to the synthesis, characterization, and testing of large numbers of molecular and solid catalysts. The hardware is associated with a fully digitalized experimental workflow and a specific data management strategy to support closed-loop experimentation and advanced computational data analysis.

催化中心-瑞士CAT+是由ETH-domain资助的一个新的基础设施项目,由EPFL和ETHZ共同领导。它为科学界提供了一个独特的集成技术平台,将自动化和高通量实验与先进的计算数据分析相结合,以加速可持续催化技术领域的发现。该平台分为两个专业中心,EPFL的均相催化和ETHZ的多相催化,对学术和私人研究团体开放。经过多年的投资计划,这两个中心已经获得并开发了几个高端机器人平台,致力于大量分子和固体催化剂的合成、表征和测试。硬件与完全数字化的实验工作流程和特定的数据管理策略相关联,以支持闭环实验和高级计算数据分析。
{"title":"Swiss CAT+, a Data-driven Infrastructure for Accelerated Catalysts Discovery and Optimization.","authors":"Paco Laveille, Pascal Miéville, Sourav Chatterjee, Elisa Clerc, Jean-Charles Cousty, Florian De Nanteuil, Erwin Lam, Edy Mariano, Adrian Ramirez, Urielle Randrianarisoa, Keyan Villat, Christophe Copéret, Nicolai Cramer","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2023.154","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2023.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Catalysis Hub - Swiss CAT+ is a new infrastructure project funded by ETH-domain, co-headed by EPFL and ETHZ. It offers the scientific community a unique integrated technology platform combining automated and high-throughput experimentation with advanced computational data analysis to accelerate the discoveries in the field of sustainable catalytic technologies. Divided into two hubs of expertise, homogeneous catalysis at EPFL and heterogeneous catalysis at ETHZ, the platform is open to academic and private research groups. Following a multi-year investment plan, both hubs have acquired and developed several high-end robotic platforms devoted to the synthesis, characterization, and testing of large numbers of molecular and solid catalysts. The hardware is associated with a fully digitalized experimental workflow and a specific data management strategy to support closed-loop experimentation and advanced computational data analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"154-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81895385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Cinderella was attacked by the big bad wolf, but the police saved her": intrusions and confabulations on story recall in Korsakoff's syndrome and alcohol-related cognitive impairments. “灰姑娘被大灰狼袭击了,但警察救了她”:关于科尔萨科夫综合症和酒精相关认知障碍的故事回忆的侵入和虚构。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2022.2153658
Yvonne C M Rensen, Joukje M Oosterman, Paul A T M Eling, Roy P C Kessels

Background: The relation between confabulations and intrusions in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) and patients with alcohol-related cognitive impairments (ARCI) remains under debate. This study examines (1) differences in the production of confabulations and intrusions between patients with KS and ARCI, (2) whether an altered fairy tale induces more intrusions, and (3) whether different types of intrusions were significantly related to confabulations.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with KS and twenty-two patients with ARCI recalled three different types of stories: a novel story, a fairy tale, and a modified fairy tale. Different types of intrusions were correlated with confabulation measures.

Results: Patients with KS produced more intrusions in the modified fairy tale condition than patients with ARCI, but these were unrelated to confabulations. Only unrelated intrusions were related to provoked confabulations.

Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that researchers and clinicians must be aware that in general, intrusions on memory tests should not be interpreted as confabulations. Especially spontaneous confabulations appear to be something completely different from intrusions on any type of story recall. When measuring confabulations it is crucial to use validated instruments.

背景:Korsakoff综合征(KS)患者和酒精相关认知障碍(ARCI)患者的虚构和侵入之间的关系仍在争论中。本研究探讨了(1)KS和ARCI患者虚构和侵入的产生差异,(2)一个改变的童话是否会诱发更多的侵入,以及(3)不同类型的侵入是否与虚构有显著关系。方法:23例KS患者和22例ARCI患者回忆三种不同类型的故事:小说故事、童话故事和修改童话故事。不同类型的入侵与虚构措施相关。结果:在改良童话条件下,KS患者比ARCI患者产生更多的侵入,但这与虚构无关。只有不相关的入侵与挑起的虚构有关。结论:这项研究的结果表明,研究人员和临床医生必须意识到,在一般情况下,入侵记忆测试不应该被解释为虚构。特别是自发的虚构似乎与任何类型的故事回忆的侵入完全不同。当测量虚构时,使用经过验证的仪器是至关重要的。
{"title":"\"Cinderella was attacked by the big bad wolf, but the police saved her\": intrusions and confabulations on story recall in Korsakoff's syndrome and alcohol-related cognitive impairments.","authors":"Yvonne C M Rensen,&nbsp;Joukje M Oosterman,&nbsp;Paul A T M Eling,&nbsp;Roy P C Kessels","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2022.2153658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2022.2153658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relation between confabulations and intrusions in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) and patients with alcohol-related cognitive impairments (ARCI) remains under debate. This study examines (1) differences in the production of confabulations and intrusions between patients with KS and ARCI, (2) whether an altered fairy tale induces more intrusions, and (3) whether different types of intrusions were significantly related to confabulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-three patients with KS and twenty-two patients with ARCI recalled three different types of stories: a novel story, a fairy tale, and a modified fairy tale. Different types of intrusions were correlated with confabulation measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with KS produced more intrusions in the modified fairy tale condition than patients with ARCI, but these were unrelated to confabulations. Only unrelated intrusions were related to provoked confabulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study indicate that researchers and clinicians must be aware that in general<i>,</i> intrusions on memory tests should not be interpreted as confabulations. Especially spontaneous confabulations appear to be something completely different from intrusions on any type of story recall. When measuring confabulations it is crucial to use validated instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":"28 2","pages":"85-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9913327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Loneliness and objective social isolation are differentially associated with anomalous perceptions in community-dwelling older adults. 在社区居住的老年人中,孤独和客观社会孤立与异常感知存在差异。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2174841
India Kelsall-Foreman, Romola S Bucks, Michael Weinborn, Johanna C Badcock

Introduction: Anomalous perceptions are characterised by the subjective experience of a range of distorted and/or hallucinatory percepts. Whilst considerable attention has been paid to the neurocognitive processes contributing to anomalous perceptions amongst older adults, less is known about the social factors (e.g. social isolation, loneliness). Furthermore, it is unknown whether loneliness and social isolation are associated with different types of anomalous perceptions, including anomalous body-centred self-experiences and anomalous external experiences.

Methods: This study examined the cross-sectional relationships between loneliness, objective social isolation, and anomalous perceptions in a sample of community-dwelling older adults (N = 242, Mage = 71.87 ± 7.73, range = 52-91, 67.8% female) using structural equation modelling.

Results: Higher levels of loneliness were associated with more anomalous body-centred self-experiences and anomalous external experiences. Those reporting more loneliness also reported higher levels of anxiety and depression; however, the relationship between loneliness and anomalous perceptions was not mediated by these factors. Social disconnection from a religious group was associated with more anomalous external experiences and being married/living with a partner was associated with more anomalous body-centred self-experiences.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that loneliness and social isolation have differential associations with anomalous perceptions in older adults and provide additional evidence that attending to loneliness in older adults is important.

引言:异常知觉以一系列扭曲和/或幻觉知觉的主观体验为特征。虽然人们对导致老年人异常感知的神经认知过程给予了相当大的关注,但对社会因素(如社会孤立、孤独)的了解却很少。此外,尚不清楚孤独和社会孤立是否与不同类型的异常感知有关,包括异常的以身体为中心的自我体验和异常的外部体验。方法:采用结构方程模型对242例社区老年人(N = 242,年龄= 71.87±7.73,范围= 52-91,67.8%为女性)的孤独感、客观社会隔离和异常感知之间的横断面关系进行研究。结果:较高水平的孤独感与更多异常的以身体为中心的自我体验和异常的外部体验相关。那些报告更孤独的人也报告了更高水平的焦虑和抑郁;然而,孤独和异常感知之间的关系并不是由这些因素介导的。与宗教团体的社会脱节与更反常的外部体验有关,与伴侣结婚/生活与更反常的以身体为中心的自我体验有关。结论:这些发现表明,孤独和社会隔离与老年人的异常感知有不同的关联,并提供了额外的证据,证明照顾老年人的孤独是重要的。
{"title":"Loneliness and objective social isolation are differentially associated with anomalous perceptions in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"India Kelsall-Foreman,&nbsp;Romola S Bucks,&nbsp;Michael Weinborn,&nbsp;Johanna C Badcock","doi":"10.1080/13546805.2023.2174841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13546805.2023.2174841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anomalous perceptions are characterised by the subjective experience of a range of distorted and/or hallucinatory percepts. Whilst considerable attention has been paid to the neurocognitive processes contributing to anomalous perceptions amongst older adults, less is known about the social factors (e.g. social isolation, loneliness). Furthermore, it is unknown whether loneliness and social isolation are associated with different types of anomalous perceptions, including anomalous body-centred self-experiences and anomalous external experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examined the cross-sectional relationships between loneliness, objective social isolation, and anomalous perceptions in a sample of community-dwelling older adults (<i>N </i>= 242, <i>M</i><sub>age </sub>= 71.87 ± 7.73, range = 52-91, 67.8% female) using structural equation modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of loneliness were associated with more anomalous body-centred self-experiences and anomalous external experiences. Those reporting more loneliness also reported higher levels of anxiety and depression; however, the relationship between loneliness and anomalous perceptions was not mediated by these factors. Social disconnection from a religious group was associated with more anomalous external experiences and being married/living with a partner was associated with more anomalous body-centred self-experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that loneliness and social isolation have differential associations with anomalous perceptions in older adults and provide additional evidence that attending to loneliness in older adults is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":51277,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Neuropsychiatry","volume":"28 2","pages":"130-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9913854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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