Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.315
Sun Won, Kyung-Ho Ko, Chan-Jin Park, Lee-Ra Cho, Yoon-Hyuk Huh
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of barium silicate filler contents on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) for additive manufacturing (AM).
Materials and methods: Additively manufactured RNC specimens were divided into 4 groups depending on the content of ceramic fillers and polymers: 0% barium silicate and 100% polymer (B0/P10, control group); 50% barium silicate and 50% polymer (B5/P5); 60% barium silicate and 40% polymer (B6/P4); 67% barium silicate and 33% polymer (B6.7/P3.3). The compressive strength (n = 15) and fracture toughness (n = 12) of the specimens were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were performed. Independent sample Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the compressive strength and fracture toughness test results, and the significance of each group was analyzed at the 95% confidence interval through post-tests using the Bonferroni's method.
Results: B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 exhibited much higher yield strength than B0/P10 and B5/P5 (P < .05). Compared to the control group (B0/P10), the other three groups exhibited higher ultimate strength (P < .05). The fracture toughness of B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 were similar (P > .05). The content of barium silicate and fracture toughness showed a positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.582). SEM and EDS analyses revealed the presence of an oval-shaped ceramic aggregate in B6/P4 specimens, whereas the ceramic filler and polymer substrate were homogeneously mixed in B6.7/P3.3.
Conclusion: Increasing the ceramic filler content improves the mechanical properties, but it can be accompanied by a decrease in the flowability and the homogeneity of the slurry.
{"title":"Effect of barium silicate filler content on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics for additive manufacturing.","authors":"Sun Won, Kyung-Ho Ko, Chan-Jin Park, Lee-Ra Cho, Yoon-Hyuk Huh","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of barium silicate filler contents on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics (RNCs) for additive manufacturing (AM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Additively manufactured RNC specimens were divided into 4 groups depending on the content of ceramic fillers and polymers: 0% barium silicate and 100% polymer (B0/P10, control group); 50% barium silicate and 50% polymer (B5/P5); 60% barium silicate and 40% polymer (B6/P4); 67% barium silicate and 33% polymer (B6.7/P3.3). The compressive strength (n = 15) and fracture toughness (n = 12) of the specimens were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were performed. Independent sample Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the compressive strength and fracture toughness test results, and the significance of each group was analyzed at the 95% confidence interval through post-tests using the Bonferroni's method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 exhibited much higher yield strength than B0/P10 and B5/P5 (<i>P</i> < .05). Compared to the control group (B0/P10), the other three groups exhibited higher ultimate strength (<i>P</i> < .05). The fracture toughness of B6/P4 and B6.7/P3.3 were similar (<i>P</i> > .05). The content of barium silicate and fracture toughness showed a positive correlation coefficient (R = 0.582). SEM and EDS analyses revealed the presence of an oval-shaped ceramic aggregate in B6/P4 specimens, whereas the ceramic filler and polymer substrate were homogeneously mixed in B6.7/P3.3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing the ceramic filler content improves the mechanical properties, but it can be accompanied by a decrease in the flowability and the homogeneity of the slurry.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/29/12/jap-14-315.PMC9672694.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40491185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.324
Joon Hee Park, Hyun Ji Bang, Nak-Hyun Choi, Eun-Jin Park
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate translucency and masking ability of translucent zirconia compared to conventional zirconia and lithium disilicate materials.
Materials and methods: Three types of zirconia blocks with different yttria contents (3Y, 4Y, 5.5Y) and LS blocks (Rosetta SM) were used. Ten specimens for each group were fabricated with 10 mm diameter, with both 0.8 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (± 0.02 mm). All groups of zirconia specimens were sintered and polished according to the manufacturer's instructions. To calculate the translucency parameter (TP), CIELAB value was measured with a spectrophotometer on black and white backgrounds. To investigate the color masking abilities, background shades of A2, normal dentin, discolored dentin, and titanium were used. The color difference (ΔE) was calculated with the CIELAB values of A2 shade background as a reference compared with the values in the various backgrounds. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were conducted (P < .05).
Results: The TP values of zirconia specimens increased as the yttria content increased. All materials used in the study were able to adequately mask normal dentin shade (ΔE < 5.5), but were incapable of masking severely discolored dentin (ΔE > 5.5). On the titanium background, all materials of 1.5 mm thickness were able to mask the background shade, but with a thickness of 0.8 mm, only 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ were able to mask titanium background.
Conclusion: All zirconia materials and lithium disilicate specimens used in this study were unable to adequately mask the shade of severely discolored dentin. It is recommended to use 3Y-TZP or 4Y-PSZ with a sufficient thickness of 0.8 mm or more to mask titanium.
{"title":"Translucency and masking ability of translucent zirconia; comparison with conventional zirconia and lithium disilicate.","authors":"Joon Hee Park, Hyun Ji Bang, Nak-Hyun Choi, Eun-Jin Park","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to evaluate translucency and masking ability of translucent zirconia compared to conventional zirconia and lithium disilicate materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three types of zirconia blocks with different yttria contents (3Y, 4Y, 5.5Y) and LS blocks (Rosetta SM) were used. Ten specimens for each group were fabricated with 10 mm diameter, with both 0.8 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses (± 0.02 mm). All groups of zirconia specimens were sintered and polished according to the manufacturer's instructions. To calculate the translucency parameter (TP), CIELAB value was measured with a spectrophotometer on black and white backgrounds. To investigate the color masking abilities, background shades of A2, normal dentin, discolored dentin, and titanium were used. The color difference (ΔE) was calculated with the CIELAB values of A2 shade background as a reference compared with the values in the various backgrounds. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were conducted (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TP values of zirconia specimens increased as the yttria content increased. All materials used in the study were able to adequately mask normal dentin shade (ΔE < 5.5), but were incapable of masking severely discolored dentin (ΔE > 5.5). On the titanium background, all materials of 1.5 mm thickness were able to mask the background shade, but with a thickness of 0.8 mm, only 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ were able to mask titanium background.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All zirconia materials and lithium disilicate specimens used in this study were unable to adequately mask the shade of severely discolored dentin. It is recommended to use 3Y-TZP or 4Y-PSZ with a sufficient thickness of 0.8 mm or more to mask titanium.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/5b/jap-14-324.PMC9672692.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40491184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.294
Reham Osman, Nawal Alharbi
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different palatal vault configurations on the accuracy and scan speed of intraoral scans (IO) of completely edentulous arches.
Materials and methods: Three different virtual models of a completely edentulous maxillary arch with different palatal vault heights-Cl I moderate (U-shaped), Cl II deep (steep) and Cl III shallow (flat)-were digitally designed using CAD software (Meshmixer; Autodesk, USA) and 3D-printed using SLA-based 3D-printer (XFAB; DWS, Italy) (n = 30; 10 specimens per group). Each model was scanned using intraoral scanner (Trios 3; 3Shape™, Denmark). Scanning time was recorded for all samples. Scanning accuracy (trueness and precision) were evaluated using digital subtraction technique using Geomagic Control X v2020 (Geomagic; 3DSystems, USA). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to detect differences in scanning time, trueness and precision among the test groups. Statistical significance was set at α = .05.
Results: The scan process could not be completed for Class II group and manufacturer's recommended technique had to be modified. ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in trueness and precision values among the test groups (P =.959 and P =.658, respectively). Deep palatal vault (Cl II) showed significantly longer scan time compared to Cl I and III.
Conclusion: The selection of scan protocol in complex cases such as deep palatal vault is of utmost importance. The modified, adopted longer path scan protocol of deep vault cases resulted in increased scan time when compared to the other two groups.
目的:研究不同腭弓形态对全无牙弓口腔内扫描(IO)精度和扫描速度的影响。材料和方法:使用CAD软件(Meshmixer)对具有不同腭顶高度的全无牙颌弓进行了三种不同的虚拟模型-Cl I中度(u型),Cl II深(陡峭)和Cl III浅(平坦)的数字设计。Autodesk, USA)和3d打印使用基于sla的3d打印机(XFAB;DWS,意大利)(n = 30;每组10个标本)。每个模型使用口内扫描仪(Trios 3;3形状™、丹麦)。记录所有样品的扫描时间。使用Geomagic Control X v2020 (Geomagic;3 dsystems,美国)。采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)检验检测各组扫描时间、正确率和精密度的差异。统计学意义设为α = 0.05。结果:二类组不能完成扫描过程,需修改厂家推荐的扫描技术。方差分析显示,各试验组的正确率和精密度值差异无统计学意义(P =。959, P =。658年,分别)。深腭穹窿(clii)的扫描时间明显长于cli和III。结论:腭深穹窿等复杂病例扫描方案的选择至关重要。与其他两组相比,深拱顶病例采用改进的长路径扫描方案导致扫描时间增加。
{"title":"Does the palatal vault form have an influence on the scan time and accuracy of intraoral scans of completely edentulous arches? An <i>in-vitro</i> study.","authors":"Reham Osman, Nawal Alharbi","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different palatal vault configurations on the accuracy and scan speed of intraoral scans (IO) of completely edentulous arches.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three different virtual models of a completely edentulous maxillary arch with different palatal vault heights-Cl I moderate (U-shaped), Cl II deep (steep) and Cl III shallow (flat)-were digitally designed using CAD software (Meshmixer; Autodesk, USA) and 3D-printed using SLA-based 3D-printer (XFAB; DWS, Italy) (n = 30; 10 specimens per group). Each model was scanned using intraoral scanner (Trios 3; 3Shape™, Denmark). Scanning time was recorded for all samples. Scanning accuracy (trueness and precision) were evaluated using digital subtraction technique using Geomagic Control X v2020 (Geomagic; 3DSystems, USA). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to detect differences in scanning time, trueness and precision among the test groups. Statistical significance was set at α = .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scan process could not be completed for Class II group and manufacturer's recommended technique had to be modified. ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in trueness and precision values among the test groups (<i>P</i> =.959 and <i>P</i> =.658, respectively). Deep palatal vault (Cl II) showed significantly longer scan time compared to Cl I and III.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The selection of scan protocol in complex cases such as deep palatal vault is of utmost importance. The modified, adopted longer path scan protocol of deep vault cases resulted in increased scan time when compared to the other two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/3b/jap-14-294.PMC9672697.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40491187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.273
Peter Gehrke, Oliver Riebe, Carsten Fischer, Octavio Weinhold, Günter Dhom, Robert Sader, Paul Weigl
Purpose: Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of implant abutments has been shown to result in surface contamination from site-specific milling and fabrication processes. If not removed, these contaminants can have a potentially adverse effect and may trigger inflammatory responses of the peri-implant tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial disinfection and cleaning efficacy of ultrasonic reprocessing in approved disinfectants to reduce the microbial load of CAD-CAM abutments.
Materials and methods: Four different types of custom implant abutments (total N = 32) with eight specimens in each test group (type I to IV) were CAD-CAM manufactured. In two separate contamination experiments, specimens were contaminated with heparinized sheep blood alone and with heparinized sheep blood and the test bacterium Enterococcus faecium. Abutments in the test group were processed according to a three-stage ultrasonic protocol and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by determination of residual protein. Ultrasonicated specimens contaminated with sheep blood and E. faecium were additionally eluted and the dilutions were incubated on agar plates for seven days. The determined bacterial counts were expressed as colony-forming units (CFU).
Results: Ultrasonic reprocessing resulted in a substantial decrease in residual bacterial protein to less than 80 µg and a reduction in microbiota of more than 7 log levels of CFU for all abutment types, exceeding the effect required for disinfection.
Conclusion: A three-stage ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection protocol results in effective bacterial decontamination. The procedure is reproducible and complies with the standardized reprocessing and disinfection specifications for one- or two-piece CAD-CAM implant abutments.
{"title":"Microbiological cleaning and disinfection efficacy of a three-stage ultrasonic processing protocol for CAD-CAM implant abutments.","authors":"Peter Gehrke, Oliver Riebe, Carsten Fischer, Octavio Weinhold, Günter Dhom, Robert Sader, Paul Weigl","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of implant abutments has been shown to result in surface contamination from site-specific milling and fabrication processes. If not removed, these contaminants can have a potentially adverse effect and may trigger inflammatory responses of the peri-implant tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial disinfection and cleaning efficacy of ultrasonic reprocessing in approved disinfectants to reduce the microbial load of CAD-CAM abutments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four different types of custom implant abutments (total N = 32) with eight specimens in each test group (type I to IV) were CAD-CAM manufactured. In two separate contamination experiments, specimens were contaminated with heparinized sheep blood alone and with heparinized sheep blood and the test bacterium Enterococcus faecium. Abutments in the test group were processed according to a three-stage ultrasonic protocol and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by determination of residual protein. Ultrasonicated specimens contaminated with sheep blood and <i>E. faecium</i> were additionally eluted and the dilutions were incubated on agar plates for seven days. The determined bacterial counts were expressed as colony-forming units (CFU).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrasonic reprocessing resulted in a substantial decrease in residual bacterial protein to less than 80 µg and a reduction in microbiota of more than 7 log levels of CFU for all abutment types, exceeding the effect required for disinfection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A three-stage ultrasonic cleaning and disinfection protocol results in effective bacterial decontamination. The procedure is reproducible and complies with the standardized reprocessing and disinfection specifications for one- or two-piece CAD-CAM implant abutments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/50/jap-14-273.PMC9672693.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40491189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-08-29DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.223
Yuseung Yi, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, Seong-Kyun Kim
Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of two types of implant restoration for posterior edentulous area, 3-unit bridge supported by 2 implants and 3 implant-supported splinted crowns.
Materials and methods: The data included 127 implant-supported fixed restorations in 85 patients: 37 restorations of 3-unit bridge supported by 2 implants (2-IB), 37 restorations of 3 implant-supported splinted crowns (3-IC), and 53 single restorations (S) as controls. Peri-implantitis and mechanical complications that occurred for 14 years were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression model. Kaplan-Meier curves and the multivariable Cox regression model were used to analyze the success and survival of implants.
Results: Peri-implantitis occurred in 28.4% of 2-IB group, 37.8% of 3-IC group, and 28.3% of S control group with no significant difference. According to the implant position, middle implants (P2) of the 3-IC group had the highest risk of peri-implantitis. The 3-IC group showed a lower mechanical complication rate (7.2%) than the 2-IB (16.2%) and S control group (20.8%). The cumulative success rate was 52.8% in S (control) group, 62.2% in 2-IB group, and 60.4% in 3-IC group. The cumulative survival rate was 98.1% in S (control) group, 98.6% in 2-IB group, and 95.5% in 3-IC group. There was no significant difference in the success and survival rate according to the restoration type.
Conclusion: The restoration type was not associated with the success and survival of implants. The risk of mechanical complications was reduced in 3 implant-supported splinted crowns. However, the middle implants of the 3 implant-supported splinted crowns had a higher risk of peri-implantitis.
{"title":"A retrospective comparison of clinical outcomes of implant restorations for posterior edentulous area: 3-unit bridge supported by 2 implants vs 3 splinted implant-supported crowns.","authors":"Yuseung Yi, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, Seong-Kyun Kim","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the clinical outcomes of two types of implant restoration for posterior edentulous area, 3-unit bridge supported by 2 implants and 3 implant-supported splinted crowns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The data included 127 implant-supported fixed restorations in 85 patients: 37 restorations of 3-unit bridge supported by 2 implants (2-IB), 37 restorations of 3 implant-supported splinted crowns (3-IC), and 53 single restorations (S) as controls. Peri-implantitis and mechanical complications that occurred for 14 years were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression model. Kaplan-Meier curves and the multivariable Cox regression model were used to analyze the success and survival of implants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Peri-implantitis occurred in 28.4% of 2-IB group, 37.8% of 3-IC group, and 28.3% of S control group with no significant difference. According to the implant position, middle implants (P2) of the 3-IC group had the highest risk of peri-implantitis. The 3-IC group showed a lower mechanical complication rate (7.2%) than the 2-IB (16.2%) and S control group (20.8%). The cumulative success rate was 52.8% in S (control) group, 62.2% in 2-IB group, and 60.4% in 3-IC group. The cumulative survival rate was 98.1% in S (control) group, 98.6% in 2-IB group, and 95.5% in 3-IC group. There was no significant difference in the success and survival rate according to the restoration type.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The restoration type was not associated with the success and survival of implants. The risk of mechanical complications was reduced in 3 implant-supported splinted crowns. However, the middle implants of the 3 implant-supported splinted crowns had a higher risk of peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d3/5c/jap-14-223.PMC9444481.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-08-29DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.212
Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira, Vitória Ramos Medeiros, Maria de Fátima Trindade Pinto Campos, Annie Karoline Bezerra de Medeiros, Burak Yilmaz, Adriana da Fonte Porto Carreiro
Purpose: To evaluate and compare the effect of impression type (conventional vs digital) and the number of implants on the time from the impressions to the generation of working casts of mandibular implant-supported fixed complete-arch frameworks, as well as on patient satisfaction.
Materials and methods: 17 participants, 3 or 4 implants, received 2 types of digital impression methods (DI) and conventional (CI). In DI, two techniques were performed: scanning with the scan bodies (SC) and scanning with a device attached to the scan bodies (SD) (BR 10 2019 026265 6). In CI, the making of a solid index (SI) and open-tray impression (OT) were used. The outcomes were used to evaluate the time and the participant satisfaction with conventional and digital impressions. The time was evaluated through the timing of the time obtained in the workflow in the conventional and digital impression. The effect of the number of implants on time was also assessed. Satisfaction was assessed through a questionnaire based on seven. The Wilcoxon test used to identify the statistical difference between the groups in terms of time. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the relationship between the time and the number of implants. Fisher's test was used to assess the patient satisfaction (P < .05).
Results: The time with DI was shorter than with CI (DI, x̃=02:58; CI, x̃=31:48) (P < .0001). The arches rehabilitated with 3 implants required shorter digital impression time (3: x̃=05:36; 4: x̃=09:16) (P < .0001). Regarding satisfaction, the DI was more comfortable and pain-free than the CI (P < .005).
Conclusion: Digital impressions required shorter chair time and had higher patient acceptance than conventional impressions.
{"title":"Conventional and digital impressions for complete-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses: time, implant quantity effect and patient satisfaction.","authors":"Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira, Vitória Ramos Medeiros, Maria de Fátima Trindade Pinto Campos, Annie Karoline Bezerra de Medeiros, Burak Yilmaz, Adriana da Fonte Porto Carreiro","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate and compare the effect of impression type (conventional vs digital) and the number of implants on the time from the impressions to the generation of working casts of mandibular implant-supported fixed complete-arch frameworks, as well as on patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>17 participants, 3 or 4 implants, received 2 types of digital impression methods (DI) and conventional (CI). In DI, two techniques were performed: scanning with the scan bodies (SC) and scanning with a device attached to the scan bodies (SD) (BR 10 2019 026265 6). In CI, the making of a solid index (SI) and open-tray impression (OT) were used. The outcomes were used to evaluate the time and the participant satisfaction with conventional and digital impressions. The time was evaluated through the timing of the time obtained in the workflow in the conventional and digital impression. The effect of the number of implants on time was also assessed. Satisfaction was assessed through a questionnaire based on seven. The Wilcoxon test used to identify the statistical difference between the groups in terms of time. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the relationship between the time and the number of implants. Fisher's test was used to assess the patient satisfaction (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The time with DI was shorter than with CI (DI, x̃=02:58; CI, x̃=31:48) (<i>P</i> < .0001). The arches rehabilitated with 3 implants required shorter digital impression time (3: x̃=05:36; 4: x̃=09:16) (<i>P</i> < .0001). Regarding satisfaction, the DI was more comfortable and pain-free than the CI (<i>P</i> < .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital impressions required shorter chair time and had higher patient acceptance than conventional impressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/d3/jap-14-212.PMC9444484.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-08-29DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.250
Min-Seong Yang, Seong-Kyun Kim, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, Ji-Man Park
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the marginal fit of three-unit resin prostheses printed with the stereolithography (SLA) method in two build orientations (45°, 60°) and two layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm).
Materials and methods: A master model for a three-unit resin prosthesis was designed with two implant abutments. Forty specimens were printed using an SLA 3D printer. The specimens were printed with two build orientations (45°, 60°), and each orientation was printed with two layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm). The marginal fit was measured as the marginal gap (MG) and absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), and MG and AMD measurements were performed at 8 points per abutment, for 16 points per specimen. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was separately performed on the MG and AMD values of the build orientations and layer thicknesses. Moreover, one-way ANOVA was performed for each point within each group.
Results: The margins of the area adjacent to the pontic showed significantly high values, and the values were smaller when the build orientation was 45° than when it was 60°. However, the margin did not differ significantly according to the layer thicknesses.
Conclusion: The marginal fit of the three-unit resin prosthesis fabricated by the SLA 3D method was affected by the pontic. Moreover, the marginal fit was affected by the build orientation. The 45° build orientation is recommended.
{"title":"Investigation of the marginal fit of a 3D-printed three-unit resin prosthesis with different build orientations and layer thicknesses.","authors":"Min-Seong Yang, Seong-Kyun Kim, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, Ji-Man Park","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to analyze the marginal fit of three-unit resin prostheses printed with the stereolithography (SLA) method in two build orientations (45°, 60°) and two layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A master model for a three-unit resin prosthesis was designed with two implant abutments. Forty specimens were printed using an SLA 3D printer. The specimens were printed with two build orientations (45°, 60°), and each orientation was printed with two layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm). The marginal fit was measured as the marginal gap (MG) and absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), and MG and AMD measurements were performed at 8 points per abutment, for 16 points per specimen. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was separately performed on the MG and AMD values of the build orientations and layer thicknesses. Moreover, one-way ANOVA was performed for each point within each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The margins of the area adjacent to the pontic showed significantly high values, and the values were smaller when the build orientation was 45° than when it was 60°. However, the margin did not differ significantly according to the layer thicknesses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The marginal fit of the three-unit resin prosthesis fabricated by the SLA 3D method was affected by the pontic. Moreover, the marginal fit was affected by the build orientation. The 45° build orientation is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ea/ed/jap-14-250.PMC9444483.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The present study compared the accuracy between digital and conventional implant impressions.
Materials and methods: The experimental models were divided into six groups depending on the implant location and the scanning span. Digital impressions were captured using the intraoral optical scanner TRIOS (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Conventional impressions were taken with the monophase impression material based on addition-cured silicones, Honigum-Mono (DMG, Hamburg, Germany). A high-precision laboratory scanner D900 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used to obtain digital data of resin models and stone casts. Surface tessellation language (STL) datasets from scanner were imported into the analysis software Geomagic Qualify 14 (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA), and scan body deviations were determined through two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyses. Each scan body was measured five times. The Sidak t test was used to analyze the experimental data.
Results: Implant position and scanning distance affected the impression accuracy. For a unilateral arch implant and the mandible models with two implants, no significant difference was observed in the accuracy between the digital and conventional implant impressions on scan bodies; however, the corresponding differences for trans-arch implants and mandible with six implants were extremely significant (P<.001).
Conclusion: For short-span scanning, the accuracy of digital and conventional implant impressions did not differ significantly. For long-span scanning, the precision of digital impressions was significantly inferior to that of the traditional impressions.
目的:本研究比较了数字和传统种植印模的准确性。材料与方法:实验模型根据种植体位置和扫描跨度分为6组。使用口腔内光学扫描仪TRIOS (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark)捕获数字印象。常规印模采用基于添加固化有机硅的单相印模材料,Honigum-Mono (DMG, Hamburg, Germany)。高精度实验室扫描仪D900 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark)用于获取树脂模型和石头铸件的数字数据。将扫描仪的表面镶嵌语言(STL)数据集导入分析软件Geomagic quali14 (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA),并通过二维和三维分析确定扫描体偏差。每个扫描体测量5次。采用Sidak t检验对实验数据进行分析。结果:种植体位置和扫描距离影响印模精度。对于单侧弓形种植体和双种植体下颌骨模型,数字种植体和传统种植体在扫描体上的印模精度没有显著差异;然而,跨弓种植体与下颌骨6个种植体的相应差异非常显著(p结论:在短时间扫描中,数字种植体和传统种植体印模的准确性没有显著差异。对于大跨度扫描,数字印模的精度明显低于传统印模。
{"title":"Comparison of accuracy between digital and conventional implant impressions: two and three dimensional evaluations.","authors":"Chuang Bi, Xingyu Wang, Fangfang Tian, Zhe Qu, Jiaming Zhao","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study compared the accuracy between digital and conventional implant impressions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The experimental models were divided into six groups depending on the implant location and the scanning span. Digital impressions were captured using the intraoral optical scanner TRIOS (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). Conventional impressions were taken with the monophase impression material based on addition-cured silicones, Honigum-Mono (DMG, Hamburg, Germany). A high-precision laboratory scanner D900 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used to obtain digital data of resin models and stone casts. Surface tessellation language (STL) datasets from scanner were imported into the analysis software Geomagic Qualify 14 (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA), and scan body deviations were determined through two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyses. Each scan body was measured five times. The Sidak t test was used to analyze the experimental data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implant position and scanning distance affected the impression accuracy. For a unilateral arch implant and the mandible models with two implants, no significant difference was observed in the accuracy between the digital and conventional implant impressions on scan bodies; however, the corresponding differences for trans-arch implants and mandible with six implants were extremely significant (<i>P</i><.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For short-span scanning, the accuracy of digital and conventional implant impressions did not differ significantly. For long-span scanning, the precision of digital impressions was significantly inferior to that of the traditional impressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/78/17/jap-14-236.PMC9444482.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01Epub Date: 2022-08-29DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.203
Takuya Mino, Yoko Kurosaki, Kana Tokumoto, Takaharu Higuchi, Shinichi Nakanoda, Ken Numoto, Ikue Tosa, Aya Kimura-Ono, Kenji Maekawa, Tae Hyung Kim, Takuo Kuboki
Purpose: The aim of this study was to introduce rating criteria to evaluate student performance in a newly developed, digital wax-up preclinical program for computer-aided design (CAD) of full-coverage crowns and preliminarily investigate the reliability and internal consistency of the rating system.
Materials and methods: This study, conducted in 2017, enrolled 47 fifth-year dental students of Okayama University Dental School. Digital wax-up training included a fundamental practice using computer graphics (CG), multipurpose CAD software programs, and an advanced practice to execute a digital wax-up of the right mandibular second molar (#47). Each student's digital wax-up work (stereolithography data) was evaluated by two instructors using seven qualitative criteria. The total qualitative score (0-90) of the criteria was calculated. The total volumetric discrepancy between each student's digital wax-up work and a reference prepared by an instructor was automatically measured by the CAD software. The inter-rater reliability of each criterion was analyzed using a weighted kappa index. The relationship between the total volume discrepancy and the total qualitative score was analyzed using Spearman's correlation.
Results: The weighted kappa values for the seven qualitative criteria ranged from 0.62 - 0.93. The total qualitative score and the total volumetric discrepancy were negatively correlated (ρ = -0.27, P = .09, respectively); however, this was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The established qualitative criteria to evaluate students' work showed sufficiently high inter-rater reliability; however, the digitally measured volumetric discrepancy could not sufficiently predict the total qualitative score.
目的:本研究的目的是介绍评价学生在新开发的全覆盖冠计算机辅助设计(CAD)的数字打蜡临床前课程中的表现的评分标准,并初步探讨评分系统的可靠性和内部一致性。材料与方法:本研究于2017年进行,招募了47名冈山大学牙科学院的五年级牙科学生。数字上蜡训练包括使用计算机图形学(CG)的基本练习,多用途CAD软件程序,以及对右下颌第二磨牙进行数字上蜡的高级练习(#47)。每位学生的数字上蜡作业(立体光刻数据)由两名教师使用七个定性标准进行评估。计算各指标的总定性评分(0-90分)。由CAD软件自动测量每个学生的数字上蜡作业与教师准备的参考资料之间的总体积差异。使用加权kappa指数分析每个标准的评级间信度。采用Spearman相关分析了总容积差异与总定性评分之间的关系。结果:7个定性标准的加权kappa值范围为0.62 ~ 0.93。总定性评分与总容积差异呈负相关(ρ = -0.27, P = 0.09);然而,这在统计学上并不显著。结论:所建立的评价学生作业的定性标准具有足够高的信度;然而,数字测量的体积差异不能充分预测总定性评分。
{"title":"Rating criteria to evaluate student performance in digital wax-up training using multi-purpose software.","authors":"Takuya Mino, Yoko Kurosaki, Kana Tokumoto, Takaharu Higuchi, Shinichi Nakanoda, Ken Numoto, Ikue Tosa, Aya Kimura-Ono, Kenji Maekawa, Tae Hyung Kim, Takuo Kuboki","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.4.203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to introduce rating criteria to evaluate student performance in a newly developed, digital wax-up preclinical program for computer-aided design (CAD) of full-coverage crowns and preliminarily investigate the reliability and internal consistency of the rating system.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study, conducted in 2017, enrolled 47 fifth-year dental students of Okayama University Dental School. Digital wax-up training included a fundamental practice using computer graphics (CG), multipurpose CAD software programs, and an advanced practice to execute a digital wax-up of the right mandibular second molar (#47). Each student's digital wax-up work (stereolithography data) was evaluated by two instructors using seven qualitative criteria. The total qualitative score (0-90) of the criteria was calculated. The total volumetric discrepancy between each student's digital wax-up work and a reference prepared by an instructor was automatically measured by the CAD software. The inter-rater reliability of each criterion was analyzed using a weighted kappa index. The relationship between the total volume discrepancy and the total qualitative score was analyzed using Spearman's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted kappa values for the seven qualitative criteria ranged from 0.62 - 0.93. The total qualitative score and the total volumetric discrepancy were negatively correlated (ρ = -0.27, <i>P</i> = .09, respectively); however, this was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The established qualitative criteria to evaluate students' work showed sufficiently high inter-rater reliability; however, the digitally measured volumetric discrepancy could not sufficiently predict the total qualitative score.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a1/6a/jap-14-203.PMC9444485.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01Epub Date: 2022-06-27DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.3.162
Yeon-Hee Park, Kyoung-A Kim, Jung-Jin Lee, Tae-Min Kwon, Jae-Min Seo
Purpose: The present study aims to analyze the effect of abutment neck taper and types of cement on the amount of undetected remnant cement of cement-retained implant prostheses.
Materials and methods: Three neck taper angles (53°, 65°, 77°) and three types of cement (RMGI: resin-modified glass ionomer, ZPC: zinc phosphate cement, ZOE: zinc oxide eugenol cement) were used. For each group, the surface percentage was measured using digital image and graphic editing software. The weight of before and after removing remnant cement from the abutment-crown assembly was measured using an electronic scale. Two-way ANOVA and Duncan & Scheffe's test were used to compare the calculated surface percentage and weight of remnant cement (α = .05).
Results: There were significant differences in remnant cement surface percentage and weight according to neck taper angles (P < .05). However, there were no significant differences in remnant cement surface percentage and weight on types of cement. No interaction was found between neck taper angles and types of luting cement (P > .05). The wide abutment with a small neck taper angle showed the most significant amount of remnant cement. And the types of luting cement did not influence the amount of residual cement.
Conclusion: To remove excess cement better, the emergence profile of the crown should be straight to the neck taper of the abutment in cement-retained implant restoration.
{"title":"Effect of abutment neck taper and cement types on the amount of remnant cement in cement-retained implant restorations: an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Yeon-Hee Park, Kyoung-A Kim, Jung-Jin Lee, Tae-Min Kwon, Jae-Min Seo","doi":"10.4047/jap.2022.14.3.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2022.14.3.162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aims to analyze the effect of abutment neck taper and types of cement on the amount of undetected remnant cement of cement-retained implant prostheses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three neck taper angles (53°, 65°, 77°) and three types of cement (RMGI: resin-modified glass ionomer, ZPC: zinc phosphate cement, ZOE: zinc oxide eugenol cement) were used. For each group, the surface percentage was measured using digital image and graphic editing software. The weight of before and after removing remnant cement from the abutment-crown assembly was measured using an electronic scale. Two-way ANOVA and Duncan & Scheffe's test were used to compare the calculated surface percentage and weight of remnant cement (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in remnant cement surface percentage and weight according to neck taper angles (<i>P</i> < .05). However, there were no significant differences in remnant cement surface percentage and weight on types of cement. No interaction was found between neck taper angles and types of luting cement (<i>P</i> > .05). The wide abutment with a small neck taper angle showed the most significant amount of remnant cement. And the types of luting cement did not influence the amount of residual cement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To remove excess cement better, the emergence profile of the crown should be straight to the neck taper of the abutment in cement-retained implant restoration.</p>","PeriodicalId":51291,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/ef/jap-14-162.PMC9259346.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40537495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}