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Medication Exposure Patterns in Primary Care Patients Prescribed Pharmacogenetically Actionable Opioids. 开具可药理作用阿片类药物处方的初级保健患者的药物暴露模式。
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2018-08-01 Epub Date: 2018-08-07
Mitchell R Knisely, Janet S Carpenter, Marion E Broome, Ann M Holmes, Diane Von Ah, Todd Skaar, Claire Burke Draucker

Current approaches to assessing medication exposure fail to capture the complexity of the phenomenon and the context in which it occurs. This study's purpose was to develop a typology of subgroups of patients who share common patterns of medication exposure. To create the typology, we used an exemplar sample of 30 patients in a large public healthcare system who had been prescribed the pharmacogenetically actionable opioids codeine or tramadol. Data related to medication exposure were drawn from large data repositories. Using a person-oriented qualitative approach, eight subgroups of patients who shared common patterns of medication exposure were identified. The subgroups had one of five opioid prescription patterns (i.e., singular, episodic, switching, sustained, multiplex), and one of three types of primary foci of medical care (i.e., pain, comorbidities, both). The findings reveal medication exposure patterns that are dynamic, multidimensional, and complex, and the typology offers an innovative approach to assessing medication exposure.

目前评估药物暴露的方法未能捕捉到药物暴露现象的复杂性及其发生的背景。本研究的目的是对具有共同药物暴露模式的患者亚群进行分类。为了建立这种类型学,我们使用了一个大型公共医疗系统中的 30 名患者作为样本,这些患者都曾被处方过具有药物基因作用的阿片类药物可待因或曲马多。与药物接触相关的数据来自大型数据存储库。采用以人为本的定性方法,确定了八个具有共同药物暴露模式的患者亚组。这些亚组具有五种阿片类药物处方模式(即单一、偶发性、转换、持续、多重)中的一种,以及三种主要医疗重点(即疼痛、合并症、两者兼有)中的一种。研究结果揭示了动态、多维和复杂的药物暴露模式,该类型学为评估药物暴露提供了一种创新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Medication Exposure Patterns in Primary Care Patients Prescribed Pharmacogenetically Actionable Opioids. 初级保健患者的药物暴露模式处方药理学上可操作的阿片类药物。
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2018-08-01 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3364
Mitchell R. Knisely, J. Carpenter, M. Broome, A. Holmes, Diane Von Ah, T. Skaar, C. Draucker
Current approaches to assessing medication exposure fail to capture the complexity of the phenomenon and the context in which it occurs. This study's purpose was to develop a typology of subgroups of patients who share common patterns of medication exposure. To create the typology, we used an exemplar sample of 30 patients in a large public healthcare system who had been prescribed the pharmacogenetically actionable opioids codeine or tramadol. Data related to medication exposure were drawn from large data repositories. Using a person-oriented qualitative approach, eight subgroups of patients who shared common patterns of medication exposure were identified. The subgroups had one of five opioid prescription patterns (i.e., singular, episodic, switching, sustained, multiplex), and one of three types of primary foci of medical care (i.e., pain, comorbidities, both). The findings reveal medication exposure patterns that are dynamic, multidimensional, and complex, and the typology offers an innovative approach to assessing medication exposure.
目前评估药物暴露的方法未能捕捉到这种现象的复杂性及其发生的背景。本研究的目的是发展一个亚组的患者谁共享药物暴露的共同模式的类型。为了创建类型学,我们使用了一个大型公共医疗保健系统中30名患者的样本,这些患者被开了药理学上可行的阿片类药物可待因或曲马多。与药物暴露相关的数据来自大型数据库。采用以人为本的定性方法,确定了具有共同药物暴露模式的8个患者亚组。这些亚组具有五种阿片类药物处方模式中的一种(即,单一,发作,转换,持续,多重),以及三种主要医疗护理类型中的一种(即,疼痛,合并症,两者)。研究结果揭示了药物暴露模式是动态的、多维的和复杂的,类型学为评估药物暴露提供了一种创新的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Qualitative Contributions to a Randomized Controlled Trial Addressing HIV/AIDS-Stigma in Medical Students. 针对医学生中HIV/ aids污名的随机对照试验的定性贡献。
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.46743/2160-3715/2015.2427
M. Marzán-Rodríguez, N. Varas-Díaz, T. Neilands
Specialized training for healthcare professionals (HCP) in order to reduce HIV/AIDS related stigma must be part of a public health model for HIV/AIDS. Tested interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS related stigma among HCP have been mostly absent from these efforts. A qualitative approach was used to assess stigma reduction within a traditional randomized controlled design in order to better understand how our current stigma intervention worked and was understood by 2nd year medical students. After conducting a quantitative follow up survey one-year post intervention we conducted 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with a subsample of our intervention group participants as part of the overall evaluation process. Once the interviews were finished, we transcribed them and used NVivo (v.8) to organized the qualitative data. In the process of analyzing the qualitative data we identified core intervention areas participants described as useful for their training and development: (1) acquiring more HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, (2) increased skills for management of high stigma situations, and (3) the ability to identify socio-structural factors that foster HIV infection among clients. The gathered information is important in order to have a deep understanding of how attitudinal change happens as part of our intervention strategies.
为减少与艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关的耻辱,对保健专业人员(HCP)进行专门培训必须成为艾滋病毒/艾滋病公共卫生模式的一部分。在这些努力中,大多没有经过测试的干预措施来减少HCP中与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的耻辱感。为了更好地理解我们当前的病耻感干预措施是如何起作用的,以及二年级医学生是如何理解的,我们使用了一种定性方法来评估传统随机对照设计中的病耻感减少。在干预一年后进行定量跟踪调查后,我们对干预组参与者的子样本进行了20次深入的定性访谈,作为整体评估过程的一部分。访谈结束后,我们对访谈内容进行转录,并使用NVivo (v.8)对定性数据进行整理。在分析定性数据的过程中,我们确定了参与者描述的对他们的培训和发展有用的核心干预领域:(1)获得更多的艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关知识,(2)提高管理高耻辱情况的技能,以及(3)识别促进客户感染艾滋病毒的社会结构因素的能力。收集到的信息对于深入了解态度变化是如何发生的很重要,这是我们干预策略的一部分。
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引用次数: 4
Qualitative Contributions to a Randomized Controlled Trial Addressing HIV/AIDS-Stigma in Medical Students. 对一项针对医学生的艾滋病毒/艾滋病污名化随机对照试验的定性贡献。
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2015-12-01 Epub Date: 2015-12-21
Melissa Marzán-Rodríguez, Nelson Varas-Díaz, Torsten Neilands

Specialized training for healthcare professionals (HCP) in order to reduce HIV/AIDS related stigma must be part of a public health model for HIV/AIDS. Tested interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS related stigma among HCP have been mostly absent from these efforts. A qualitative approach was used to assess stigma reduction within a traditional randomized controlled design in order to better understand how our current stigma intervention worked and was understood by 2nd year medical students. After conducting a quantitative follow up survey one-year post intervention we conducted 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with a subsample of our intervention group participants as part of the overall evaluation process. Once the interviews were finished, we transcribed them and used NVivo (v.8) to organized the qualitative data. In the process of analyzing the qualitative data we identified core intervention areas participants described as useful for their training and development: (1) acquiring more HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, (2) increased skills for management of high stigma situations, and (3) the ability to identify socio-structural factors that foster HIV infection among clients. The gathered information is important in order to have a deep understanding of how attitudinal change happens as part of our intervention strategies.

对医疗保健专业人员(HCP)进行专门培训,以减少与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的耻辱感,必须成为艾滋病毒/艾滋病公共卫生模式的一部分。在这些工作中,大部分都没有采用经过测试的干预措施来减少医护人员中与艾滋病相关的耻辱感。为了更好地了解我们目前的污名化干预措施是如何发挥作用的,以及二年级医学生是如何理解的,我们采用了一种定性方法来评估传统随机对照设计中的污名化减少情况。在对干预一年后的情况进行定量跟踪调查后,我们对干预组的部分参与者进行了 20 次深入的定性访谈,作为整体评估过程的一部分。访谈结束后,我们对访谈内容进行了转录,并使用 NVivo(v.8)对定性数据进行了整理。在分析定性数据的过程中,我们确定了参与者认为对其培训和发展有用的核心干预领域:(1) 获取更多与艾滋病相关的知识,(2) 提高处理高度污名化情况的技能,(3) 识别助长客户感染艾滋病的社会结构因素的能力。收集到的信息对于深入了解作为我们干预战略一部分的态度转变是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
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Qualitative Report
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