Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities最新文献_第6页

Barriers to Disclosure of Sexual Abuse Experienced by Women With Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Study 智障女性遭受性侵的障碍：一项质性研究。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70146

Agnieszka Wołowicz, Marta Jurczyk

Background

Sexual violence against women with intellectual disabilities is complex and often underreported due to systemic, social, and cultural barriers. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cultural conditions regarding the sexuality of women with intellectual disabilities that significantly limit the disclosure of sexual violence against this group.

Methods

This qualitative study aimed to identify barriers to disclosing sexual violence among women with intellectual disabilities in Poland. Interviews were conducted with 15 women who had experienced such violence.

Results

The findings reveal significant difficulties in recognizing and reporting violence, influenced by a lack of sexual education, social stereotypes about the sexuality of women with intellectual disabilities, and dependency on caregivers. The study also highlights the need for systemic changes, including better preparation of support services and sexual education tailored to the needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Conclusion

The study underscores the necessity for a holistic approach to address sexual violence against women with intellectual disabilities and calls for the implementation of policies and practices that protect their rights and dignity.

背景：针对智障妇女的性暴力是复杂的，由于体制、社会和文化障碍，往往被低估。本文的目的是分析关于智力残疾妇女的性行为的文化条件，这些文化条件极大地限制了对这一群体的性暴力的披露。方法：本定性研究旨在确定波兰智障妇女披露性暴力的障碍。对15名遭受过这种暴力的妇女进行了采访。结果：调查结果显示，由于缺缺性教育、社会对智力残疾妇女的性行为的刻板印象以及对照顾者的依赖，在识别和报告暴力行为方面存在重大困难。该研究还强调了系统性变革的必要性，包括更好地准备支持服务和针对智障人士需求的性教育。结论：该研究强调了采取整体方法解决针对智障妇女的性暴力问题的必要性，并呼吁实施保护其权利和尊严的政策和做法。

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引用次数: 0

Adapted Support to Families Headed by Parents With Intellectual Disability Through Support to Practitioners: SUF Resource Centre and Examples From Uppsala, Sweden 通过对从业者的支持，对以智力残疾父母为户主的家庭提供适应支持：瑞典大学资源中心和来自乌普萨拉的例子

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70136

Tommie Forslund, Sandra Melander, Lydia Springer, Laila Dahlström Stolpe, Karin Jöreskog

Background

Parents with intellectual disability and their children are entitled to adapted support, but practitioners lack knowledge, have scarce access to adapted methods, and work in siloed organisations with limited resources. SUF resource centre was therefore formed, in Region Uppsala, Sweden, to support families headed by parents with intellectual disability through support to the practitioners who support the families.

Method

SUF has now existed for 20 years and, in this brief report, we describe SUF's organisation and methods: knowledge dissemination, consultations, development and implementation of adapted methods, research, and support of inter-agency cooperation.

Results

We describe selected results, including research, development projects, and an external review of SUFs' work.

Conclusions

We reflect on factors that have been important in developing and maintaining adapted support. We emphasise working together with practitioners—grounded in their needs, opportunities and constraints—and to simultaneously address both parents' and children's rights and needs.

有智力障碍的父母和他们的孩子有权获得适应的支持，但是从业者缺乏知识，很少有机会获得适应的方法，并且在资源有限的孤立组织中工作。因此，在瑞典乌普萨拉地区成立了瑞典联合大学资源中心，通过支持支持家庭的从业者来支持以智力残疾父母为户主的家庭。SUF已经存在了20年，在这份简短的报告中，我们描述了SUF的组织和方法：知识传播、磋商、开发和实施适应方法、研究和支持机构间合作。我们描述了选定的结果，包括研究、开发项目和对大学工作的外部审查。我们反思了发展和维持适应性支持的重要因素。我们强调与从业人员合作，以他们的需求、机会和限制为基础，同时解决父母和儿童的权利和需求。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation of Active Daily Living and Oral Opportunistic Pathogens in Institutionalised People With Intellectual Disability 智力残疾者日常生活活动与口腔机会致病菌的相关性。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70143

Yu-Fen Yen, Pei-Yun Sun, Pei-Fang Tsai, Yen-Chin Chen, Sheng-Hsiang Lin

Background

Oral opportunistic bacteria pose health risks for people with intellectual disability, yet their relationship with activities of daily living (ADLs) remains underexplored.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study of 178 institutionalised people with intellectual disability. ADL was assessed by caregivers. Oral samples were collected non-invasively and analysed via culture-based methods. Student's t-test, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression were used to examine associations between ADL and oral pathogens.

Results

Interestingly, individuals with intellectual disability and higher ADL scores exhibited a greater prevalence of oral opportunistic bacteria, notably Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.7%) and Prevotella melaninogenica (14.7%). No significant associations were found with demographic variables.

Conclusions

Functional independence does not equate to adequate oral hygiene among people with intellectual disability. Enhancing self-care training, providing caregiver-assisted support, and increasing outreach dental services are recommended to mitigate oral health risks. Culture-based methods offer a practical approach for identifying bacterial presence in resource-limited settings.

背景：口腔机会性细菌对智力残疾患者构成健康风险，但它们与日常生活活动（adl）的关系仍未得到充分研究。方法：我们对178名智力残疾者进行了横断面研究。ADL由护理人员评估。非侵入性收集口腔样本，并通过培养方法进行分析。使用学生t检验、Fisher精确检验和逻辑回归检验ADL与口腔病原体之间的关系。结果：有趣的是，智力残疾和ADL得分较高的个体表现出更高的口腔机会性细菌患病率，特别是肺炎克雷伯菌（15.7%）和黑色素普雷沃菌（14.7%）。未发现与人口统计学变量有显著关联。结论：智力障碍患者的功能独立并不等同于口腔卫生。建议加强自我保健培训，提供护理人员辅助支持，并增加外展牙科服务，以减轻口腔健康风险。基于培养的方法为在资源有限的环境中识别细菌提供了一种实用的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Involving Adult Siblings in the Lives of Individuals With Pervasive Support Needs: Attitudes of Healthcare Professionals 让成年兄弟姐妹参与普遍需要支持的个人的生活：医疗保健专业人员的态度。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70139

N. I. Dorsman, J. Luijkx, C. P. Van der Schans, A. A. J. Van der Putten, A. Waninge

Background

Facilitating adult sibling involvement for individuals with pervasive support needs is important. This study explores the attitudes of healthcare professionals in this process.

Method

The attitudes of healthcare professionals (n = 60) in the Netherlands were explored through an online, self-developed survey with open and closed-ended questions.

Results

Around 40% of the participants reported (partly) lacking knowledge about sibling preferences and 23% (partly) lacking practical opportunities for involving siblings. The majority (partly) perceived the involvement of siblings as an enjoyable part of their work (82%), rated their knowledge and skills positively (87%), and regarded sibling involvement as such importance that they would be willing to exert considerable effort to contribute to it (61%). Not all participants perceived it as their job to collaborate with siblings.

Conclusions

There is a need to increase healthcare professionals' knowledge about adult sibling preferences and structurally embed sibling involvement within care practices.

背景：促进成人兄弟姐妹参与的个人普遍支持需求是重要的。本研究探讨医护人员在此过程中的态度。方法：通过自行开发的开放式和封闭式问题在线调查，对荷兰医疗保健专业人员（n = 60）的态度进行了调查。结果：大约40%的参与者报告（部分）缺乏关于兄弟姐妹偏好的知识，23%（部分）缺乏涉及兄弟姐妹的实际机会。大多数人（部分）认为兄弟姐妹的参与是他们工作中令人愉快的一部分（82%），积极评价他们的知识和技能（87%），并认为兄弟姐妹的参与非常重要，他们愿意付出相当大的努力为之做出贡献（61%）。并非所有的参与者都认为与兄弟姐妹合作是他们的工作。结论：有必要提高卫生保健专业人员对成人兄弟姐妹偏好的了解，并在结构上将兄弟姐妹参与纳入护理实践。

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引用次数: 0

Co-Designing Peer Support for Women Labelled With Intellectual Disabilities Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence 为经历过性暴力的智障妇女设计同伴支持。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70123

Alexis Buettgen, Tammy Bernasky, Kelly MacDougall, Ann Fudge Schormans, Jennifer Gordon, Sandra Tavares, Verónica Schiariti, Robin Mason, Janice Du Mont, Maria Huijbregts

Background

Women labelled with intellectual disabilities face high rates of social exclusion and sexual violence, with limited research and few services tailored to their needs. Peer support offers many benefits including recognition of diverse lived experiences and nonprofessional perspectives. This article highlights collaborative efforts of women labelled with intellectual disabilities, service providers and researchers in advancing peer support through an applied research project.

Methods

Using trauma-informed, arts-based and human-rights-focused co-design approaches, we fostered inclusive research and programme development in a 3-day virtual symposium.

Results

The study emphasises shared control of research agendas, shaped by a multistakeholder team prioritising lived experience knowledge. Women took more control over the research through co-creative practices to that meaningfully included them in the design of future research and programming.

Conclusion

This inclusive model champions equality and equity, advocating for positive discourse around intellectual disabilities while bridging lived, academic and professional insights in the field.

背景：被贴上智力残疾标签的妇女面临社会排斥和性暴力的比例很高，针对她们需求的研究有限，服务也很少。同伴支持有很多好处，包括认可不同的生活经历和非专业的观点。这篇文章强调了智障妇女、服务提供者和研究人员在通过一个应用研究项目推进同伴支持方面的合作努力。方法：在为期3天的虚拟研讨会上，我们采用创伤信息、艺术为基础和以人权为重点的协同设计方法，促进了包容性研究和方案开发。结果：该研究强调了对研究议程的共同控制，由优先考虑生活经验知识的多利益相关者团队形成。通过共同创造实践，女性在研究中获得了更多的控制权，从而有意义地将她们纳入未来研究和编程的设计中。结论：这种包容性模式倡导平等和公平，倡导围绕智力残疾展开积极的讨论，同时将该领域的生活、学术和专业见解联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Attitudes Towards Intellectual Disability: A Comparison Between Nursing and Education Students 护理学生与教育学生对待智障的态度比较。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70137

Jairo Rodríguez-Medina, Clara González-Sanguino, Paula San Martín González, Carlota Alcover Van de Walle

Background

Attitudes of health and education professionals towards individuals with disabilities critically influence service quality and inclusion. Few studies have compared these attitudes during professional training.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 425 Spanish university students (48.6% nursing; 51.4% education; 76.5% female; M_age = 20.33), using the Attitudes Towards Persons With Disabilities Scale (EAPD) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis tested the EAPD's three-factor structure; measurement invariance and latent mean comparisons were analysed using structural equation modelling.

Results

EAPD demonstrated good psychometric properties and invariance across groups. Education students reported significantly more positive attitudes than nursing students on social relations (d ≈0.40), normalisation (d ≈0.41) and intervention programmes (d ≈0.51). Female gender, prior contact and progressive ideology were also associated with more positive attitudes.

Conclusions

Findings highlight attitudinal differences by field of study and underscore the need for targeted educational interventions, particularly, in healthcare programmes.

背景：卫生和教育专业人员对残疾人的态度严重影响服务质量和包容性。很少有研究将这些态度在专业培训中进行比较。方法：采用残疾人态度量表（EAPD）和社会人口学问卷对425名西班牙大学生（护理占48.6%，教育占51.4%，女性占76.5%,M_age = 20.33）进行横断面研究。验证性因子分析检验了EAPD的三因素结构；采用结构方程模型分析测量不变性和潜在均值比较。结果：EAPD表现出良好的心理测量特性和组间不变性。教育专业学生在社会关系（d≈0.40）、正常化（d≈0.41）和干预方案（d≈0.51）方面的积极态度显著高于护理专业学生。女性性别、先前接触和进步的意识形态也与更积极的态度有关。结论：研究结果强调了不同研究领域的态度差异，并强调了有针对性的教育干预的必要性，特别是在医疗保健计划中。

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引用次数: 0

Interactions With Healthcare Providers Related to Feeding Children With Down Syndrome: Mothers' Perspectives 与喂养唐氏综合症儿童相关的医疗保健提供者的互动：母亲的观点。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70129

Emma Marston, Kris Pizur-Barnekow, Natalie S. McAndrew, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu, Michele Polfuss

Background

Feeding is an important health consideration for children with Down syndrome due to their increased risks for feeding challenges and overweight/obesity. Healthcare providers play an important role in providing feeding guidance to families; however, there is limited research on feeding children with Down syndrome and the role of healthcare providers. The purpose of this study is to explore how interactions with healthcare providers contribute to mothers' experiences feeding their children with Down syndrome.

Methods

In this qualitative study, 29 mothers of children with Down syndrome aged 3–10 years completed semi-structured interviews.

Results

Three themes were identified: (1) Access, provider expertise and maternal concerns, (2) Infant feeding experiences matter and (3) Mothers are experts on and advocates for their children.

Conclusion

Gaps in care were identified for children with Down syndrome and their families. Findings have implications for clinical practice and research related to feeding children with Down syndrome.

背景：喂养是唐氏综合症儿童的一个重要健康考虑因素，因为他们的喂养挑战和超重/肥胖的风险增加。卫生保健提供者在向家庭提供喂养指导方面发挥重要作用；然而，关于喂养患有唐氏综合症的儿童和医疗保健提供者的作用的研究有限。本研究的目的是探讨与医疗服务提供者的互动如何影响母亲喂养患有唐氏综合症的孩子的经历。方法：对29名3 ~ 10岁唐氏综合征患儿的母亲进行半结构化访谈。结果：确定了三个主题：(1)获取、提供者专业知识和母亲关注的问题；(2)婴儿喂养经验很重要；(3)母亲是孩子的专家和倡导者。结论：发现了唐氏综合症儿童及其家庭的护理差距。研究结果对与喂养唐氏综合症儿童有关的临床实践和研究具有启示意义。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial for Management of Chronic Physical and Mental Health Conditions in Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities 智障人士慢性身心健康状况的管理。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70135

Lisa O'Leary, Janet Finlayson, Ewelina Rydzewska-Fazekas

引用次数: 0

Interventions to Promote Functional Capacity of Australian Children and Adolescents With Hereditary or Congenital Cognitive Disabilities: A Scoping Review 干预措施促进澳大利亚儿童和青少年的功能能力遗传或先天性认知障碍：范围审查。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70134

M. D. Marveggio, D. S. Dorstyn, D. Turnbull, A. Thirumanickam

Background

The Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) represents a significant shift in service funding for children with hereditary or congenital cognitive disabilities. This PRISMA-based scoping review identifies and maps the NDIS literature to display research gaps and priorities for this cohort.

Method

Twenty-nine databases were systematically searched in May 2024 (updated January 2025). Findings were mapped to the NDIS Outcomes Framework.

Results

Twenty-nine studies were reviewed (1937 children, mostly pre-adolescent). Qualitative methods were frequently used in this research (k = 16), followed by quantitative (k = 7) and mixed methods (k = 6). Targeted interventions to build child capacity demonstrated positive impacts on Daily Living, Community Participation, and Relationships. Studies did not explore the impact of the NDIS on Learning and Work. Challenges with the NDIS planning process were also reported.

Conclusions

Further rigorous research across all NDIS service priority areas, particularly adolescent education and employment, is needed to optimise child outcomes and inform practices.

背景：澳大利亚国家残疾保险计划（NDIS）代表了为遗传或先天性认知残疾儿童提供服务资金的重大转变。本基于prisma的范围综述识别并绘制了NDIS文献，以显示该队列的研究差距和优先事项。方法：系统检索29个数据库，检索时间为2024年5月（更新时间为2025年1月）。研究结果被映射到NDIS结果框架。结果：回顾了29项研究（1937名儿童，大多数为青春期前儿童）。定性方法在本研究中使用较多（k = 16），其次是定量方法（k = 7）和混合方法（k = 6）。旨在培养儿童能力的有针对性的干预措施对日常生活、社区参与和人际关系产生了积极影响。研究没有探讨NDIS对学习和工作的影响。还报告了NDIS规划过程中的挑战。结论：需要对所有NDIS服务优先领域，特别是青少年教育和就业领域进行进一步严格的研究，以优化儿童结果并为实践提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Natural Setting Interventions to Increase Physical Activity Level in Older Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review 自然环境干预提高老年智障患者身体活动水平的系统综述。

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/jar.70127

Stéphanie Turgeon, Jason D'Amours, Christophe Maïano, Jade Paré, Diane Morin

Objective

The present study aimed to understand the effectiveness of natural setting interventions to increase the level of PA in older adults (≥ 40 years old) with intellectual disabilities.

Method

Following PRISMA's most recent guidelines, a systematic review was used to synthesise research on PA interventions implemented in a natural setting to increase PA in older adults with intellectual disabilities.

Results

Eight articles were retained based on inclusion and exclusion criteria: four group and four single-case designs. Most studies showed positive but small changes in PA levels. Due to the heterogeneity of the interventions tested, the samples and PA outcomes measured as well as the quality and risk of bias of the studies, results could not be generalised.

Conclusion

The systematic review highlights the pressing need for better quality research to understand if and how natural setting interventions can effectively increase PA levels in older adults with intellectual disabilities.

目的：本研究旨在了解自然环境干预提高老年人（≥40岁）智力障碍患者PA水平的有效性。方法：根据PRISMA最新的指南，系统回顾了在自然环境中实施的PA干预措施，以增加老年智障患者的PA。结果：根据纳入和排除标准保留了8篇文章：4组和4单例设计。大多数研究显示PA水平呈阳性但变化很小。由于测试的干预措施、测量的样本和PA结果以及研究的质量和偏倚风险的异质性，结果不能一概推广。结论：该系统综述强调了迫切需要进行高质量的研究，以了解自然环境干预是否以及如何有效地提高老年智力障碍患者的PA水平。

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引用次数: 0