Journal of Social Policy最新文献

英文中文

Which client is worthy of using discretion? Analysing storytelling practices of Dutch street-level bureaucrats in inter-departmental settings 哪些客户值得使用自由裁量权？分析荷兰街头官僚在跨部门环境中讲故事的做法

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000199

Jonathan Berg, Lieke Oldenhof, Kim Putters, Jeroen van Wijngaarden

Multiple welfare states are re-emphasising the need for street-level bureaucrats’ (SLBs) discretion to stimulate responsive service provision. However, little is known about how SLBs with diverse backgrounds in inter-departmental settings deliberate what it means to use discretion well when different rules, eligibility criteria, and interpretations apply to a client. We address this gap by investigating the stories that participants of a Dutch policy experiment told each other to justify which clients should be granted a flexible interpretation of entitlement categories amid scarcity. We found that ‘caretakers’ used the ‘victim of circumstances’ and ‘good citizen’ plot-type to convince ‘service providers’ that the use of discretion was the right thing to do, whereas the latter used the ‘not needy enough’ or ‘the irresponsible citizen’ plot-type for contestation. Our analysis shows that storytelling helped SLBs to make sense of and bring cohesion to complex situations. Moreover, the analysis shows how stories can have a strong emotional appeal and create a sense of urgency to act collectively, yet can also create divisions and opposition among SLBs. As such, storytelling influences how SLBs think and feel about the client, themselves, and each other, and influences how discretion is used at the front-line of public policy.

多个福利国家都在再次强调，需要由街道一级的官员（SLBs）行使自由裁量权，以促进提供反应迅速的服务。然而，对于跨部门背景的基层官员在不同的规则、资格标准和解释适用于客户时，如何斟酌使用好自由裁量权的意义，却知之甚少。为了填补这一空白，我们调查了荷兰一项政策实验的参与者相互讲述的故事，以证明在物资匮乏的情况下，哪些客户应被灵活解释其权利类别。我们发现，"照顾者 "使用 "环境的受害者 "和 "好公民 "情节类型来说服 "服务提供者 "使用自由裁量权是正确的做法，而后者则使用 "不够需要 "或 "不负责任的公民 "情节类型来提出质疑。我们的分析表明，讲故事有助于帮助 SLB 理解复杂的情况，并使之具有凝聚力。此外，我们的分析还表明，故事可以产生强烈的情感吸引力，产生集体行动的紧迫感，但同时也会在可持续发展机构中造成分歧和对立。因此，讲故事影响了 SLB 对客户、自身以及彼此的看法和感受，也影响了在公共政策第一线如何使用自由裁量权。

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引用次数: 0

Did the COVID-19 pandemic fuel public support for social protection? COVID-19 大流行是否激发了公众对社会保护的支持？

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s004727942400014x

Taesim Kim

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, both viral infection and the corresponding economic turmoil have wreaked havoc across the globe, highlighting the imperative function of the state as a social protection provider. The pandemic has seemingly created favourable political circumstances for rapidly expanding social protection, but its influences on public welfare attitudes remain unclear. In this study, I argue that the impact of pandemic-driven economic risk is too limited to spur strong public support for social protection. The employed empirical analyses using panel data collected in South Korea show that unemployment induced by the pandemic is conducive to higher degrees of individual support for social protection measures, but the impact is only short-lived. Further analyses show that, once individuals are re-employed and as the time spent in economic difficulties becomes more distant, personal unemployment experiences are no longer positively associated with support for social protection. Finally, pandemic-induced unemployment experiences have a lasting impact primarily on young adults. The evidence therefore suggests that significant institutional changes in the welfare state are hard to achieve by solely relying on the impact of economic risk.

自 COVID-19 大流行以来，病毒感染和相应的经济动荡在全球范围内造成了严重破坏，凸显了国家作为社会保护提供者的重要职能。大流行似乎为迅速扩大社会保护创造了有利的政治环境，但其对公共福利态度的影响仍不明确。在本研究中，笔者认为大流行病引发的经济风险的影响过于有限，不足以刺激公众对社会保护的大力支持。利用在韩国收集的面板数据进行的实证分析表明，大流行病导致的失业有利于提高个人对社会保护措施的支持度，但这种影响只是短暂的。进一步的分析表明，一旦个人重新就业，随着经济困难时间的推移，个人失业经历不再与对社会保护的支持正相关。最后，大流行病引发的失业经历主要对青壮年产生持久影响。因此，这些证据表明，仅仅依靠经济风险的影响很难实现福利国家的重大制度变革。

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引用次数: 0

Adapting to an older workforce: health and the (non) response of employers in an era of insecurity 适应老龄劳动力：不安全时代的健康与雇主的（非）对策

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000163

David Lain, Mariska van der Horst, Sarah Vickerstaff

The UK government has called for employers to make work adaptations in response to changes in health individuals may experience as they age. However, government assumptions place too much emphasis on the voluntary actions of employers and managers, without placing the management of health in a wider context. Drawing on insights from Thompson’s disconnected capitalism thesis, we explore whether financial/competitive pressures facing many private and public sector organisations today, alongside other factors, contribute to organisations not considering or implementing work adaptations. In this context, it is suggested that older workers may also hide health issues because of anxiety, or ‘ontological precarity’, regarding working longer. Qualitative case studies compare the delivery of work adaptations in three organisations: ‘Local Government’, ‘Hospitality’, and ‘Trains’. Work adaptations were only widely available in Trains; this was for a range of reasons, including the fact that Trains was relatively insulated from financial pressures and able to deliver job and financial security for older workers. As many older workers will continue to be employed by organisations similar to Local Government and Hospitality, we argue that policy makers cannot rely solely on employers to make adaptations.

英国政府呼吁雇主对工作进行调整，以应对个人随着年龄增长而可能出现的健康变化。然而，政府的假设过于强调雇主和管理者的自愿行动，而没有将健康管理置于更广泛的背景下。借鉴汤普森（Thompson）的 "脱节资本主义"（disconnected capitalism）理论，我们探讨了当今许多私营和公共部门机构所面临的财务/竞争压力以及其他因素是否会导致这些机构不考虑或不实施工作适应性调整。在这种情况下，我们认为，老年工作者也可能因为对工作时间延长的焦虑或 "本体论的不稳定性 "而隐藏健康问题。定性案例研究比较了三个组织的工作适应性：地方政府"、"酒店 "和 "火车"。只有火车公司广泛提供工作适应；这是出于一系列原因，包括火车公司相对不受财政压力的影响，能够为老年工人提供工作和财政保障。由于许多老年工作者将继续受雇于类似于地方政府和酒店业的组织，我们认为政策制定者不能仅仅依靠雇主来进行调整。

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引用次数: 0

Universal Credit: administrative burdens of automated welfare 通用信贷：自动化福利的行政负担

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000175

Hayley Bennett, Morgan Currie, Lena Podoletz

Since 2010, the UK government has transformed social security administration using digital technology and automated instruments to create and deliver a single working-age benefit known as Universal Credit (UC). Social policy scholars have given much attention to the key policy tenets of UC but engaged less with leading aspects of automated and digital delivery and their relationship to different forms of administrative burdens for UC recipients. This article addresses this empirical and conceptual gap by drawing on administrative burdens literature to analyse empirical data from forty-four interviews with UC recipients. We conclude by highlighting three costs: temporal, financial, and emotional. These costs illustrate the political dimensions of technical features of UC, as they affect accountability procedures and paths to legal entitlements that have bearings on certain claimants’ rights.

自 2010 年以来，英国政府利用数字技术和自动化手段对社会保障管理进行了改革，创建并提供了名为 "通用信贷"（UC）的单一工龄福利。社会政策学者对 UC 的主要政策原则给予了极大关注，但对自动化和数字化交付的主要方面及其与 UC 受益人不同形式的行政负担之间的关系却关注较少。本文借鉴行政负担方面的文献，分析了与统一失业保险受益人进行的 44 次访谈的经验数据，从而弥补了这一经验和概念上的不足。最后，我们强调了三种成本：时间成本、经济成本和情感成本。这些成本说明了《统一失业保险》技术特征的政治层面，因为它们影响了问责制程序和获得法律权利的途径，对某些申领者的权利产生了影响。

引用次数: 0

An intersectional feminist analysis of compulsory income management in Australia 对澳大利亚强制收入管理的跨部门女权主义分析

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000205

Zoe Staines, Greg Marston, Michelle Peterie, Shelley Bielefeld, Philip Mendes, Steven Roche

Globally, women experience poverty at disproportionate rates to men, with the situation being worse for Indigenous women and women of colour. Social security systems are one avenue for income redistribution that can alleviate poverty. However, such systems are themselves embedded within and produced by unequal social relations, meaning they can also serve to perpetuate and exacerbate social inequalities. This is exemplified under neoliberal welfare reforms, which have disproportionate negative impacts for women across the world (e.g. increased poverty and stigma, reduced health/wellbeing, and more). Again, this is particularly the case for Indigenous women and women of colour. In this article, we offer an intersectional feminist analysis of an intensive form of neoliberal welfare conditionality, Australia’s ‘compulsory income management’ program (CIM). CIM quarantines social security incomes onto cashless bank cards to restrict expenditure to ‘approved’ items. Drawing on interviews and surveys with 170 individuals who have personally experienced CIM, we show that it has myriad negative impacts that are especially borne by (Indigenous) women. These are not, we argue, unintended policy impacts, but are instead symptomatic of the gendered and racialised violence that is woven into patriarchal capitalism more broadly. Thus, the experience of CIM holds lessons for welfare states internationally.

在全球范围内，妇女的贫困率与男性不成比例，土著妇女和有色人种妇女的情况更为严重。社会保障制度是收入再分配的一种途径，可以减轻贫困。然而，这种制度本身也嵌入了不平等的社会关系之中，并由不平等的社会关系所产生，这意味着它们也可能使社会不平等永久化并加剧。这一点在新自由主义的福利改革中得到了很好的体现，这种改革对世界各地的妇女产生了不成比例的负面影响（如贫困和耻辱感加剧、健康/福祉下降等）。土著妇女和有色人种妇女的情况尤其如此。在本文中，我们将对新自由主义福利条件性的一种强化形式--澳大利亚的 "强制收入管理 "计划（CIM）--进行跨部门的女权主义分析。强制收入管理计划将社会保障收入隔离到无现金银行卡中，将支出限制在 "经批准 "的项目上。通过对 170 名亲身经历过 CIM 的人进行访谈和调查，我们发现 CIM 带来了无数负面影响，尤其是（土著）妇女。我们认为，这些并非政策无意造成的影响，而是更广泛地交织在父权资本主义中的性别和种族暴力的表征。因此，CIM 的经验值得国际福利国家借鉴。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing a healthy housing policy agenda: how do policy makers problematise housing-related health issues? 推进健康住房政策议程：政策制定者如何将与住房有关的健康问题问题化？

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000138

Helen Dinmore, Andrew Beer, Emma Baker, Rebecca Bentley

A substantial international body of evidence links housing to health outcomes. In 2021, the World Health Organisation (WHO) evaluated a small selection of policies from its six geographic regions and found that, in Australia as in the rest of the world, existing healthy housing measures fall short of the systemic response required to address health impacts and inequities. This paper takes the novel step of applying Bacchi’s (2009) ‘What is the Problem Represented to Be?’ approach to a wide-ranging thematic analysis of over 300 Australian policies across the domains of health and housing and related policy areas. In so doing, it offers an overview of existing healthy housing policy as well as illuminating the conceptual understandings and priorities of policy makers, shedding light on the policy paradigms that see housing under-utilised as a preventive health and health equity measure.

大量的国际证据表明，住房与健康结果息息相关。2021 年，世界卫生组织（WHO）对其六个地理区域的一小部分政策进行了评估，发现在澳大利亚和世界其他地方一样，现有的健康住房措施无法满足解决健康影响和不平等问题所需的系统性响应。本文采取了新颖的步骤，将巴奇（Bacchi，2009 年）的 "问题代表什么 "方法应用于对 300 多项澳大利亚政策的广泛专题分析，这些政策横跨健康、住房及相关政策领域。在此过程中，它对现有的健康住房政策进行了概述，并阐明了政策制定者的概念理解和优先事项，揭示了住房作为预防性健康和健康公平措施未得到充分利用的政策范式。

引用次数: 0

Can social investment empower social innovation? A comparative discourse analysis of UK and Scottish policy 社会投资能否增强社会创新能力？英国和苏格兰政策的比较话语分析

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000102

Nadeen Purna, Lauren Tuckerman, Syahirah Abdul Rahman

Social investment can act as an empowering funding mechanism that could activate the economic agency of marginalised people while addressing their social needs. Nonetheless, political agendas might cause divergence in the achievement of social investment’s potential benefits. To develop our understanding in this area, this paper aims to extract discursive policy framings of social investment by comparing the UK and Scottish Government policies to identify the use of social investment and its implications on social innovation. Using corpus linguistic methods that allows for a framing analysis, the paper’s findings are twofold. Firstly, both the UK and Scottish Governments share similarities in the framing of social investment policy, especially in the proclivity towards the privatisation of social welfare delivery using market mechanisms. Secondly, the governments differ in their intensity of conviction for social investment which creates divergent implications for social innovation practice in the countries.

社会投资可以作为一种增强能力的筹资机制，在满足边缘化人群的社会需求的同时，激活他们的经济能动性。然而，政治议程可能会导致在实现社会投资的潜在利益方面出现分歧。为了加深我们对这一领域的理解，本文旨在通过比较英国和苏格兰政府的政策，提取社会投资的话语政策框架，以确定社会投资的使用及其对社会创新的影响。本文采用语料库语言学方法进行框架分析，得出了两方面的结论。首先，英国和苏格兰政府在社会投资政策框架方面有相似之处，尤其是倾向于利用市场机制将社会福利私有化。其次，两国政府对社会投资的信念强度不同，这对两国的社会创新实践产生了不同的影响。

引用次数: 0

Who deserves economic relief? Examining Twitter/X debates about Covid-19 economic relief for small businesses and the self-employed in Germany 谁应该获得经济救济？考察 Twitter/X 关于德国 Covid-19 小型企业和自营职业者经济救济的争论

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000096

Till Hilmar

The economic shock of the Covid-19 crisis has disproportionately impacted small businesses and the self-employed. Around the globe, their survival during the pandemic often relied heavily on government assistance. This article explores how economic relief to business is understood through the lens of deservingness in the public. It examines the case of Germany, where the government has responded to the pandemic by implementing an extensive support programme. Notably, in this context, the self-employed are typically outsiders to the state insurance system. Combining computational social science methods and a qualitative analysis, the article focuses on the debate about direct subsidies on the social media platform Twitter/X between March 2020 and June 2021. It traces variation in the patterns of claim making in what is a rich debate about pandemic state support, finding that this discourse is characterised by the concern that economic relief threatens to blur existing boundaries of worth in society. The reciprocity principle of deservingness theory is pivotal in asserting business identities in times of crisis, yet it also reveals a fundamentally ambiguous relationship with the principle of need. Additionally, the claim of justice-as-redress, as a novel dimension of reciprocity, surfaces as an important theme in this debate.

Covid-19 危机带来的经济冲击对小企业和个体经营者的影响尤为严重。在全球范围内，他们在大流行病期间的生存往往在很大程度上依赖于政府援助。本文探讨了公众如何从 "应得 "的角度理解对企业的经济救济。文章研究了德国的案例，德国政府通过实施广泛的支持计划来应对大流行病。值得注意的是，在这种情况下，自营职业者通常是国家保险体系的局外人。文章结合计算社会科学方法和定性分析，重点关注 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 6 月期间社交媒体平台 Twitter/X 上有关直接补贴的讨论。文章追溯了在有关大流行病国家支持的丰富讨论中提出要求模式的变化，发现这一讨论的特点是人们担心经济救济可能会模糊社会中现有的价值界限。应得理论的互惠原则在危机时期维护企业身份方面至关重要，但它也揭示了与需求原则之间根本上的暧昧关系。此外，正义即救济的主张作为互惠的一个新维度，也是本次辩论的一个重要主题。

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引用次数: 0

Performance and trust in child protection systems: a comparative analysis of England and Norway 儿童保护制度的绩效与信任：英格兰和挪威的比较分析

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000114

Bilal Hassan

Research on the relationship between performance and trust is commonplace in social sciences, yet trust in child protection systems (CPS) remains an emerging area of study. This research delves into how three dimensions of performance – distributive justice, procedural fairness, and functional effectiveness – affect trust in CPS in England and Norway, drawing insights from organisational and social psychology literature. A cross-sectional survey collected data from 981 individuals in England and 1,140 in Norway. Results suggest that procedural fairness and the competences indicator of functional effectiveness significantly and positively impact trust in CPS in both countries. Resources significantly influence trust in Norway’s CPS, while distributive justice has no impact on trust in either country’s CPS. These findings hold theoretical and practical implications for trust in CPS.

有关绩效与信任之间关系的研究在社会科学领域屡见不鲜，但儿童保护系统（CPS）中的信任仍然是一个新兴的研究领域。本研究从组织和社会心理学文献中汲取灵感，探讨了绩效的三个维度--分配公正、程序公平和功能有效性--如何影响人们对英格兰和挪威儿童保护系统的信任。一项横断面调查收集了英格兰 981 人和挪威 1140 人的数据。结果表明，程序公平性和职能有效性的能力指标对两国社区警务系统的信任度都有显著的积极影响。资源对挪威中央统计局的信任度有重大影响，而分配公正对两国中央统计局的信任度均无影响。这些研究结果在理论上和实践上都对社区警务系统的信任度产生了影响。

引用次数: 0

Fostering societal participation of marginalised people in street-outreach services in the Netherlands 在荷兰促进边缘化人群参与社会的街头外展服务

IF 2 3区社会学 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Journal of Social Policy

Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1017/s0047279424000035

Evelien Rauwerdink-Nijland, Linda van den Dries, Judith Metz, Arnoud Verhoeff, Judith Wolf

Marginalisation is a multilevel phenomenon in society depriving people from essential rights, resources, and opportunities. Street-outreach services in the Netherlands, like social street work (SSW), support these marginalised people in fostering their participation in society as an answer to their marginalised position in society. We followed 927 clients in SSW over an eight-month period. Clients filled in a questionnaire at three timepoints. We examined whether clients’ perceived belongingness, self-esteem, strengths, and informal support (outcome measures) were associated with the working relationship, over time. Results showed the establishment of a working relationship with clients at all three timepoints. An evolving working relationship was associated with an increase in clients’ perceived belongingness, self-esteem, strengths, and informal support over time. This study showed the ability of workers to establish a working relationship with clients in their living environment and underscored the necessity of establishing a working relationship in street-outreach services to foster clients’ participation in society. This study encourages policymakers to reflect on current street-outreach services, to deviate from demanding short-term and measurable results from professionals’ efforts, and to opt for a better fit between performance and financing conditions and daily practices of street-outreach services.

边缘化是一种多层次的社会现象，它剥夺了人们的基本权利、资源和机会。荷兰的街头外展服务，如街头社会工作（SSW），为这些边缘化人群提供支持，促进他们参与社会，以解决他们在社会中的边缘化地位。我们对 927 名社会街头工作的服务对象进行了为期 8 个月的跟踪调查。服务对象在三个时间点填写了调查问卷。我们研究了随着时间的推移，服务对象的归属感、自尊、优势和非正式支持（结果测量）是否与工作关系相关。结果表明，在所有三个时间点上都与客户建立了工作关系。随着时间的推移，不断发展的工作关系与客户感知到的归属感、自尊、优势和非正式支持的增加有关。这项研究表明，工作者有能力在服务对象的生活环境中与他们建立工作关系，并强调了在街头外展服务中建立工作关系以促进服务对象参与社会的必要性。本研究鼓励政策制定者对当前的街头外展服务进行反思，不再要求专业人员的努力取得短期和可衡量的成果，而是选择使街头外展服务的绩效和融资条件与日常实践更加匹配。

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