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The Construction of a Hegemonic Social Representation 霸权社会表征的建构
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000442
T. Magioglou, S. Coen
Abstract. The present paper discusses how climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic can be read as two facets of a Hegemonic Social Representation (HSR) under construction, the representation of survival, reshaping other hegemonic, socially shared representations in the Western culture such as Science, Politics/Democracy, and Nature, on an unprecedented scale. A HSR is proposed in this paper as a useful tool to conceptualize major changes in social thinking, at the interface of individual and collective dynamics. A HSR is defined as the crystallization of a meaning-complex on what is valuable and vital for a community, generating competing for social identities, practices, and social policies. The paper revisits the concept initiated by Moscovici and focuses on the role of competing groups, generating opposing perspectives. We argue that at this crucial point, close attention to the way in which meaning is negotiated across a series of key elements of the HSR of survival will help better informing communication and action concerning climate change.
摘要本文讨论了气候变化和新冠肺炎大流行如何被解读为正在建设的霸权社会代表(HSR)的两个方面,即生存的代表,以前所未有的规模重塑西方文化中的其他霸权和社会共有的代表,如科学、政治/民主和自然。本文提出了高铁,作为一种有用的工具,可以在个人和集体动力的界面上概念化社会思维的重大变化。高铁被定义为对社区有价值和重要的意义复合体的结晶,产生对社会身份、实践和社会政策的竞争。本文重新审视了Moscovici提出的概念,并关注竞争群体的作用,产生了相反的观点。我们认为,在这一关键时刻,密切关注生存高铁的一系列关键要素之间的意义谈判方式,将有助于更好地为有关气候变化的沟通和行动提供信息。
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引用次数: 1
Responding to Climate Change Disaster 应对气候变化灾难
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000432
J. Jetten, K. Fielding, Charlie R. Crimston, Frank Mols, S. Haslam
Abstract. Climate change-induced disasters (e.g., bushfires, droughts, and flooding) occur more frequently and with greater intensity than in previous decades. Disasters can at times fuel social change but that is not guaranteed. To understand whether disasters lead to status quo maintenance or social change, we propose a model (Social Identity Model of Post-Disaster Action; SIMPDA) which focuses on the role of leadership in the aftermath of a disaster. Looking specifically at climate change-related disasters, we propose that intragroup and intergroup dynamics in both the pre-disaster as well as the post-disaster context affect whether leadership (a) has the potential to mobilize social identity resources to enable social change, or else (b) fails to capitalize on emerging social identity resources in ways that ultimately maintain the status quo. Given the importance of urgent climate change action, we predict that status quo maintenance is associated with post-disaster paralysis. In contrast, social change that is set in train by capitalizing on social identity-based resources holds the promise of greater post-disaster learning and enhanced disaster preparedness when it is focused on addressing the challenges brought about by climate change. We apply this model to understand responses to the 2019/2020 bushfires in Australia. Our analysis suggests that while an emerging sense of shared identity centered on acting to tackle climate change provides a window of opportunity for securing increased disaster preparedness, this opportunity risks being missed due to, among other things, the absence of leaders able and willing to engage in constructive identity-based leadership.
摘要气候变化引发的灾害(如丛林大火、干旱和洪水)比前几十年发生得更频繁、强度更大。灾害有时会推动社会变革,但这并不能保证。为了了解灾难是导致现状维持还是社会变革,我们提出了一个模型(灾后行动的社会认同模型;SIMPDA),该模型侧重于领导在灾难后的作用。具体来看与气候变化相关的灾害,我们提出,灾前和灾后环境中的群体内和群体间动态会影响领导层(a)是否有潜力调动社会认同资源来实现社会变革,否则(b)未能以最终维持现状的方式利用新兴的社会身份资源。鉴于紧急气候变化行动的重要性,我们预测维持现状与灾后瘫痪有关。相比之下,通过利用基于社会身份的资源来进行的社会变革,在专注于应对气候变化带来的挑战时,有望实现更多的灾后学习和加强灾害准备。我们应用这个模型来了解澳大利亚对2019/2020年森林大火的反应。我们的分析表明,尽管以应对气候变化为中心的共同认同感为确保加强灾害防备提供了一个机会之窗,但由于缺乏能够并愿意参与建设性的基于身份的领导,这一机会有可能被错过。
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引用次数: 14
We, the Change 我们,变革者
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000445
Maxie Schulte, S. Bamberg, Jonas H. Rees
Abstract. In the last years within sustainability research, the agreement seems to have changed about the appropriate strategies to solve the intensifying socio-ecological crisis. While the focus used to be on “greening” individual lifestyles, it has recently shifted to the fundamental transition of central societal production and consumption systems. This raises the question of what psychology with its traditional focus on the individual can contribute to a better understanding and successful design of such societal transition processes. The present paper aims to offer an outline of how such psychological research lines might look like. We use the social identity concept as a starting point and motivate it as central for understanding the transformation of an individual into a group member who voluntarily collaborates with others to create more sustainable socio-technical solutions for central societal needs. The three parts of our paper deliver compact descriptions of thought-provoking research lines which developed in the last years. These research lines contribute to a better understanding of how social identities as collective pro-environmental activists are “crafted,” through which processes such as activist identities influence the participation in collective pro-environmental action and, ultimately, collective change. In sum, an important psychological contribution to the debate about the “Great Transformation” could be to provide a better understanding of what motivates individuals to actively participate in transition-oriented initiatives and how this motivation can be strengthened.
摘要在过去几年的可持续性研究中,关于解决日益加剧的社会生态危机的适当战略的协议似乎发生了变化。虽然过去的重点是“绿化”个人生活方式,但最近已转向中央社会生产和消费系统的根本转型。这就提出了一个问题,即传统上关注个人的心理学如何有助于更好地理解和成功设计这种社会转型过程。本论文旨在概述这些心理学研究路线可能是什么样子的。我们以社会身份概念为出发点,并将其作为理解个人转变为自愿与他人合作的群体成员的核心,为核心社会需求创造更可持续的社会技术解决方案。我们论文的三个部分对过去几年发展起来的发人深省的研究路线进行了紧凑的描述。这些研究路线有助于更好地理解作为集体环保活动家的社会身份是如何“精心打造”的,活动家身份等过程通过这些过程影响集体环保行动的参与,并最终影响集体变革。总之,对关于“大变革”的辩论的一个重要心理学贡献可能是更好地了解是什么激励个人积极参与以转型为导向的举措,以及如何加强这种动机。
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引用次数: 4
Five Roles for Psychologists in Addressing Climate Change, and How They Are Informed by Responses to the COVID-19 Outbreak 心理学家在应对气候变化方面的五个角色,以及他们如何从应对新冠肺炎疫情中获得信息
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000435
Stuart R. C. Whomsley
Abstract. This paper discusses five areas where psychologists have roles in helping to address climate change, its effects on the planet and human beings, these five areas are as follows: (1) Changing human behaviors that are causing climate change. (2) Increasing human connection with nature in positive ways to heal both the planet and human beings. (3) Advising and assisting on leadership for good governance to protect the planet. (4) Providing support and psychological interventions for those affected by climate change. (5) Preparing for bad outcomes and helping adaptation and survival should these occur. This paper considers the Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak and how responses to it give insights for responses to climate change.
摘要本文讨论了心理学家在帮助应对气候变化及其对地球和人类的影响方面发挥作用的五个领域,这五个领域如下:(1)导致气候变化的人类行为变化。(2) 以积极的方式加强人类与自然的联系,治愈地球和人类。(3) 为保护地球的善政领导提供咨询和协助。(4) 为受气候变化影响的人提供支持和心理干预。(5) 为不良结果做好准备,并在发生这些情况时帮助适应和生存。本文考虑了冠状病毒(新冠肺炎)的爆发,以及应对措施如何为应对气候变化提供见解。
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引用次数: 4
Psychology and the Environmental Crisis 心理学与环境危机
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000455
T. Wainwright, M. G. Matos, K. Salmela‐Aro
This article introduces the special issue on the climate and environmental crisis. The special issue is organized around three themes: (1) leadership and social change;(2) health impacts destabilizing our climate and ecosystems: and (3) learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
这篇文章介绍了关于气候和环境危机的特刊。本期特刊围绕三个主题展开:(1)领导力与社会变革;(2)破坏气候和生态系统稳定的健康影响;(3)从COVID-19大流行中吸取教训。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2021 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Environmental Issues Are Health Issues 环境问题就是健康问题
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000438
J. Inauen, N. Contzen, Vivan Frick, Philipp Kadel, J. Keller, Josianne Kollmann, J. Mata, A. V. van Valkengoed
Abstract. Increasing demands on ecosystems, decreasing biodiversity, and climate change are among the most pressing environmental issues of our time. As changing weather conditions are leading to increased vector-borne diseases and heat- and flood-related deaths, it is entering collective consciousness: environmental issues are human health issues. In public health, the field addressing these issues is known as environmental health. This field addresses both the effects people have on their environment as well as the effects of the environment on people. Psychology, as a discipline concerned with explaining, predicting, and changing behavior has much to contribute to these issues because human behavior is key in promoting environmental health. To date, however, an integrative view of environmental health in psychology is lacking, hampering urgently needed progress. In this paper, we review how the environment and human health are intertwined, and that much can be gained through a systemic view of environmental health in psychology. Based on a review of the literature, we suggest that psychologists unite efforts to promote an integrative science and practice of environmental health psychology, and jointly address environmental-health related behavior. The research agenda for this field will include integrating behavior change theory and intervention approaches. Thereby, psychology can potentially make an important contribution to sustained environmental health for generations to come.
摘要对生态系统需求的增加、生物多样性的减少和气候变化是我们这个时代最紧迫的环境问题。随着天气条件的变化导致病媒传播疾病以及与高温和洪水有关的死亡人数增加,人们开始意识到:环境问题就是人类健康问题。在公共卫生领域,处理这些问题的领域被称为环境卫生。这个领域既涉及人对环境的影响,也涉及环境对人的影响。心理学作为一门研究解释、预测和改变行为的学科,对这些问题有很大的贡献,因为人类行为是促进环境健康的关键。然而,迄今为止,缺乏一个综合的环境健康的心理学观点,阻碍了迫切需要的进展。在本文中,我们回顾了环境和人类健康是如何交织在一起的,并且通过心理学中环境健康的系统观点可以获得很多。在回顾文献的基础上,我们建议心理学家共同努力,促进环境健康心理学的综合科学与实践,共同解决环境健康相关行为。该领域的研究议程将包括整合行为改变理论和干预方法。因此,心理学有可能为子孙后代的持续环境健康作出重要贡献。
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引用次数: 10
Introduction to “Psychology and the Environmental Crisis” “心理学与环境危机”导论
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000454
T. Wainwright, M. G. Matos, K. Salmela‐Aro
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引用次数: 0
Health Behavior and Planetary Health 健康行为和地球健康
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000437
O. Santos, A. Virgolino, A. Vaz Carneiro, M. G. de Matos
Abstract. Health and environmental psychology have long been walking side by side. These two disciplines of psychology have imported and applied common psychological frameworks and each of them developed specific theories and methodologies. At a time when humankind faces tremendous challenges ahead (climate change, global warming, ocean sickness, the reemergence of infections pandemics), environmental health is more and more a crucial domain of research. Both environmental psychology and health psychology need to be engaged in environmental health issues in order to enhance planetary health. Environmental psychology traditional fields of research provide understanding about how natural or constructed environments impact human identity, attitudes, and behaviors (more recently, environmental psychology is also investing in determinants of pro-environmental behaviors). On the other hand, health psychology has an extensive comprehensive framework about how to promote healthy habits (i.e., automatically activated behaviors). We live in a global and extremely complex and interconnected world, which promotes syndemic phenomena (several interactive epidemics sharing common etiological factors), also resulting in accelerated depletion of natural resources. This current scenario might justify the development of an Environmental Health Psychology discipline, joining together tools from both environmental psychology and health psychology in a synergic and strategic way.
摘要健康和环境心理学长期以来一直是并行的。这两门心理学学科引进和应用了共同的心理学框架,并各自发展了特定的理论和方法。在人类面临巨大挑战(气候变化、全球变暖、海洋病、传染病重新出现)的时候,环境卫生越来越成为一个重要的研究领域。环境心理学和健康心理学都需要参与环境健康问题,以增进地球健康。环境心理学的传统研究领域提供了对自然或人工环境如何影响人类身份、态度和行为的理解(最近,环境心理学也在研究亲环境行为的决定因素)。另一方面,健康心理学有一个关于如何促进健康习惯(即自动激活行为)的广泛综合框架。我们生活在一个极其复杂和相互关联的全球世界,这助长了综合现象(几种相互作用的流行病具有共同的病因),也导致自然资源加速枯竭。目前的情况可能证明环境健康心理学学科的发展是合理的,以协同和战略的方式将环境心理学和健康心理学的工具结合在一起。
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引用次数: 2
Climate Change, Migration, Urbanization, and the Mental Health of Children at Risk in the European Union 气候变化、移民、城市化和欧洲联盟处于危险中的儿童的心理健康
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000441
N. P. Rygaard
Abstract. Psychologists face a growing mental health challenge, calling for innovative large-scale interventions. World population growth and industrialization are causing climate change, forcing families to migrate into rapidly expanding cities, and suffer in refugee camps. European in-country migration from rural villages adds to urban growth. This rapid shift in adaptation between uprooted families and their new environments tends to increase the risk of family system disorganization, poor child attachment, and child abandonment. The paper presents demographic data and projections concerning the effects of urban life on childbirth frequency, marital constancy, how early in life children are cared for outside the home, and the placement of children in Alternative Care. European Federation of Psychologist’s Association initiatives addresses new questions. How can research recommendations be applied in cross-professional interventions? Can e-learning open new channels for dissemination? The author presents how a European Union Lifelong Learning grant project in 10 member countries later developed into the Fairstart Foundation’s partnerships with world NGOs and government agencies. Five hundred twelve partner staff in 26 countries have been educated in 6-month online classrooms and trained the foster parents and group home staff of some 40,000 children in attachment-based care. Lessons learned for interventions are discussed, to inspire further developments.
摘要心理学家面临着日益严峻的心理健康挑战,需要创新的大规模干预措施。世界人口增长和工业化正在导致气候变化,迫使家庭迁移到迅速扩张的城市,并在难民营中受苦。来自农村的欧洲国内移民促进了城市的发展。背井离乡的家庭在适应新环境方面的这种迅速转变,往往会增加家庭系统解体、儿童依恋不良和儿童被遗弃的风险。该文件提出了关于城市生活对生育频率、婚姻稳定、儿童在生命早期在家庭以外得到照顾以及儿童在替代性照料机构中的安置的影响的人口统计数据和预测。欧洲心理学家协会联合会倡议解决新问题。如何将研究建议应用于跨专业干预?电子学习能否开辟新的传播渠道?作者介绍了欧盟10个成员国的终身学习资助项目后来如何发展成为Fairstart基金会与世界非政府组织和政府机构的合作伙伴关系。26个国家的512名合作伙伴工作人员接受了为期6个月的在线课堂教育,并对约4万名儿童的养父母和集体之家工作人员进行了依恋式护理培训。讨论了干预措施的经验教训,以激励进一步的发展。
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引用次数: 2
Adolescents’ Post-Divorce Sense of Belonging 青少年离婚后的归属感
IF 4.6 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-15 DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/A000444
Zoë Rejaän, I. E. van der Valk, W. Schrama, Irina van Aalst, Aoju Chen, Christina G. Jeppesen de Boer, J. Houtkamp, S. Branje
Abstract. A considerable number of children face the divorce or separation of their parents globally every year. As parental divorce is often accompanied by changes in the home and social environment of adolescents, they may experience a diminished sense of belonging to one or multiple social contexts, such as the family, school, peer group, or neighborhood, which can, in turn, influence their post-divorce adjustment. To gain insight into the mechanisms and conditions that affect adolescents’ sense of belonging following parental divorce, we have reviewed empirical research from multiple disciplines from a bio-ecological perspective. This review has shown that adolescents’ sense of belonging can be an important protective factor after parental divorce, and is affected by processes at the micro-, meso-, exo-, and macrolevel. However, extensive knowledge on the determinants and mechanisms that affect adolescents’ belonging in the context of divorce remains lacking. Recommendations for future research are given, as a more thorough understanding of the factors that promote the belonging of adolescents in divorced families can be an important next step in promoting a higher quality of life for adolescents after parental divorce.
摘要全球每年都有相当多的孩子面临父母离婚或分居。由于父母离婚往往伴随着青少年家庭和社会环境的变化,他们可能会经历对一个或多个社会环境(如家庭、学校、同龄人群体或社区)归属感的减少,这反过来又会影响他们离婚后的适应。为了深入了解父母离婚后青少年归属感的影响机制和条件,我们从生物生态学的角度对多学科的实证研究进行了回顾。本研究表明,父母离婚后青少年的归属感可能是一个重要的保护因素,并受到微观、中观、外显和宏观层面的影响。然而,关于在离婚背景下影响青少年归属感的决定因素和机制的广泛知识仍然缺乏。对未来的研究提出了建议,因为更彻底地了解促进青少年在离婚家庭中的归属感的因素可以是促进父母离婚后青少年更高生活质量的重要下一步。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
European Psychologist
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