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“Too weak to fight, too scared to scream”: Understanding experiences of sexual coercion of Black female adolescents through digital storytelling “弱到不敢反抗,害怕到不敢尖叫”:通过数字叙事理解黑人女性青少年的性胁迫经历
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231212841
Sameena Azhar
Black female adolescents are less frequently viewed as victims of violence or as agents of resistance. This study analyzed the experiences of sexual coercion of Black female adolescents on the South Side of Chicago through narrative scripts used to create digital stories. Using Sexual Script Theory and applying an intersectional lens, we analyzed a collection of 46 narrative transcripts from Black female youth, living on the South Side of Chicago, five of which specifically focused on the theme of sexual coercion. Under the broader theme of sexual coercion, the following subthemes were identified: (1) broken expectations of romance, (2) sex as a means of seeking attention from a male partner, (3) sex as a means of maintaining a partner, and (4) rape. By better understanding the social context of relationships for Black adolescent girls in heterosexual relationships, we may be able to better design sexual and reproductive health interventions for young women of color.
黑人女性青少年很少被视为暴力的受害者或反抗者。本研究通过叙事脚本创建数字故事,分析了芝加哥南部黑人女性青少年的性胁迫经历。运用性剧本理论和交叉视角,我们分析了生活在芝加哥南部的黑人女性青年的46个叙事文本,其中5个特别关注性胁迫的主题。在性胁迫这一更广泛的主题下,确定了以下副主题:(1)打破对浪漫的期望,(2)性作为寻求男性伴侣注意的手段,(3)性作为维持伴侣的手段,以及(4)强奸。通过更好地理解异性恋黑人少女关系的社会背景,我们可能能够更好地为有色人种年轻女性设计性健康和生殖健康干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
The Sexual Politics of hookup culture: A Black feminist intervention 勾搭文化的性政治:黑人女权主义者的介入
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231209716
Nia J Baker
Sexuality researchers wrestle with the question of how power both generates options for sexual behaviors while also constraining them, but the potential for creation and agency among minority groups remains underexamined. Based on in-depth interviews with 40 LGBTQ and racial minority college students, this article makes two core contributions. First, I document their experiences of fetishization; their concerns over safety and the potential for violence; and the invalidation of their identities in campus hookup culture. Second, I show how in response they create “community-based party cultures,” differentiated from hookup culture by four major features: (1) Differentiated access to resources, (2) varying emphases on casual sex, (3) varying expectations of anonymity, and (4) emphasized trust/safety in these spaces. Findings update research assumptions that racial minority and/or LGBTQ students passively avoid hookup culture by illuminating how they organize spaces for themselves.
性研究人员一直在努力研究权力是如何既产生性行为的选择,又限制性行为的,但在少数群体中创造和代理性行为的潜力仍未得到充分研究。基于对40名LGBTQ和少数族裔大学生的深度访谈,本文做出了两个核心贡献。首先,我记录下他们的恋物经历;他们对安全和潜在暴力的担忧;以及他们在校园勾搭文化中的身份失效。其次,我展示了他们是如何创造“社区派对文化”作为回应的,这种文化与约炮文化有四个主要特征:(1)不同的资源获取途径,(2)对随意性的不同强调,(3)对匿名的不同期望,以及(4)在这些空间中强调信任/安全。这些发现更新了之前的研究假设,即少数种族和/或LGBTQ学生通过阐明他们如何为自己组织空间来被动地避免勾搭文化。
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引用次数: 0
‘A square peg in a round hole’. Transgender and gender diverse youth and schooling in South Africa “方枘圆凿”。南非的跨性别和性别多样化青年与学校教育
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231212850
Dennis A Francis
There is a continuing thread of research evidence that schools acknowledge just two self-evident genders and that trans and gender diverse (TGD) youth face significant marginalisation and exclusion. Drawing on a qualitative study of educational staff and seven TGD school-attending youth in South Africa, this paper explores two lines of inquiry – how schools as cultural and social spaces produce and resist cisnormativity and how TGD school-attending youth orientate themselves in or out of line with normative power? Shedding light on how orientation marks out boundary lines and practices of differentiation, the analysis highlights how schools produce a field of objects that ensures that schooling is orientated around the cisnormative body. The paper argues that schooling is a space where TGD youth learn their place, which is exclusion and marginalisation. The findings point to the need for urgent school reform, highlighting the need for important intervention paths to address gender diversity and schooling.
不断有研究证据表明,学校只承认两种不证自明的性别,变性和性别多样化(TGD)青年面临着严重的边缘化和排斥。本文通过对南非教育工作者和七名TGD在校青年的定性研究,探讨了两条探究线——作为文化和社会空间的学校如何产生和抵制顺规范性,以及TGD在校青年如何将自己定位于或脱离规范权力?分析揭示了取向是如何划定分界线和差异化实践的,强调了学校是如何产生一个确保学校教育以顺规范主体为导向的对象领域的。本文认为,学校教育是一个空间,在那里,TGD青年学习他们的位置,这是排斥和边缘化。调查结果指出,迫切需要进行学校改革,强调需要采取重要的干预途径来解决性别多样性和学校教育问题。
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引用次数: 0
Viewing place: Australian queer screen audiences born in the 1970s and 1980s 观看地点:澳大利亚70、80后的酷儿银幕观众
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231212818
Tinonee Pym, Rob Cover
This article investigates how viewers born in the 1970s and 1980s recall Australian film and television LGBTQ+ themes, characters and narratives they viewed while they were growing up. Aspects of place and space were centred in these accounts, from memories of watching a shared television in the domestic family setting to the physical artefact of the video tape. Participants emphasised the theme of mobility toward the city and a rural/urban distinction in the film and television they discussed, and the role of city contexts in providing better access to screen media that represented LGBTQ+ lives – for example, through access to independent cinemas. These memorial accounts were considered formative and often provided the framework by which participants perceive and navigate everyday life as members of minority communities. At the same time, these place-bound accounts of encounters with LGBTQ+ screen texts expressed a complex attachment to domestic spaces, tangible objects and narratives of mobility.
本文调查了七八十年代出生的观众如何回忆他们成长过程中看到的澳大利亚LGBTQ+题材、人物和叙事。地点和空间的各个方面都集中在这些叙述中,从在家庭环境中观看共享电视的记忆到录像带的物理人工制品。与会者在讨论的电影和电视中强调了向城市流动和城乡差异的主题,以及城市环境在提供更好地接触代表LGBTQ+生活的屏幕媒体方面的作用——例如,通过进入独立电影院。这些纪念性的描述被认为是形成性的,并且通常提供了参与者作为少数民族社区成员感知和驾驭日常生活的框架。与此同时,这些与LGBTQ+屏幕文本相遇的地点约束描述表达了对家庭空间、有形物体和流动性叙事的复杂依恋。
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引用次数: 0
Do we have the right to call ourselves an inclusive university? Untold stories of queer students at a rural university in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa 我们有权利称自己为包容性大学吗?南非东开普省一所乡村大学里不为人知的酷儿学生故事
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231208052
Bellita Banda Chitsamatanga
Ruraqueer students constantly experience higher levels of victimization, and negative university experiences than their urban and suburban peers. Further, rural students have limited access to university resources while, queer events and workshops related to queer community, as well as university-based ongoing activities to support positive sexuality and gender identity development are scanty. This has been worsened by extant research written from an ‘outsider’ perspective lacking breadth and depth of experiences of queer students especially in rural universities from an African perspective. Anchored on a qualitative approach using purposive sampling, in depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in this study with eight under and postgraduate students who identified as queer. Emerging themes show how rurality intersects with actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity or sex characteristics of queer students in university spaces. Findings challenge the homogenization of university residencies; non-inclusive LGBTQ curricular; university environment that remains homophobic and how traditional, cultural and societal norms contribute to queer students sense of belonging. Implications suggest inclusive teaching and learning and ongoing awareness programmes that acknowledge diversity and enhance visibility of students with intersecting marginalized identities.
与城市和郊区的同龄人相比,农村学生经常经历更高程度的受害和负面的大学经历。此外,农村学生获得大学资源的机会有限,而与酷儿社区有关的酷儿活动和研讨会,以及以大学为基础的支持积极性行为和性别认同发展的持续活动也很少。现有的研究从“局外人”的角度写的,缺乏广度和深度的酷儿学生的经验,特别是从非洲的角度来看,农村大学。本研究采用有目的抽样的定性方法,对8名被认为是酷儿的本科生和研究生进行了深入的半结构化访谈。新兴主题展示了乡村性如何与大学空间中酷儿学生的实际或感知的性取向、性别认同或性特征相交叉。研究结果挑战了大学住宿的同质化;非包容性LGBTQ课程;大学环境仍然是同性恋恐惧症,以及传统,文化和社会规范如何有助于酷儿学生的归属感。由此产生的影响包括包容性的教学和不断开展的提高认识方案,承认多样性并提高具有交叉边缘身份的学生的可见度。
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引用次数: 0
Heteronormative silences and queer resistance in queer people’s experiences of eldercare and home 异性恋的沉默和酷儿抵抗在酷儿群体的养老和家庭经历中
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231212810
Anna Siverskog
The meaning of home for queer people has been widely empirically explored as well as theorized. Not least has the home been important for the older generations of queer people, who lived in times where their sexualities and gender identities have been criminalized and pathologized and where there have been few public meeting places historically. However, having care needs may blur the lines between private and public and complicate notions of integrity in one’s home. This article is based on qualitative interviews and aims to explore experiences of queer people in a Swedish context who have eldercare services—either people who have home-care-services or who are living in care homes. A queer theoretical framework and reflexive thematic analysis was used. The results illustrate how there is a silence around gender and sexuality in the everyday life within eldercare. This in turn is caused by material conditions where downsizing and effectivization of the eldercare have created pressed working conditions that leave little room for small talk between staff and recipients of care. Norms on age, gender, and sexuality with notions on older people as asexual (as well as cisgender and straight) may play into this silence as well. The boundaries between the private (home) and the public (eldercare) become blurred. This in turn conditions which intimacy practices that become im/possible. Simultaneously, there is a presence of queer resistance as well as of longings for other (queer) futures.
家对酷儿人群的意义已经被广泛的经验探索和理论化。对于老一辈的酷儿群体来说,家尤其重要,因为他们生活的时代,他们的性取向和性别认同被定为犯罪,被病态化,而且历史上很少有公共集会场所。然而,有护理需求可能会模糊私人和公共之间的界限,并使一个人的家庭完整性的概念复杂化。这篇文章是基于定性访谈,旨在探索在瑞典背景下接受养老服务的酷儿人群的经历——无论是接受家庭护理服务的人还是住在养老院的人。本文采用酷儿理论框架和反身性主题分析。研究结果表明,在老年人护理的日常生活中,性别和性行为是如何沉默的。这反过来又是由物质条件造成的,老年人护理的缩减和效率创造了紧迫的工作条件,使工作人员和护理对象之间没有多少闲聊的空间。关于年龄、性别和性行为的规范,以及对老年人无性恋(以及顺性和异性恋)的观念,也可能导致这种沉默。私人(家庭)和公共(老年护理)之间的界限变得模糊。这反过来又使亲密行为变得不可能。与此同时,酷儿抵抗和对其他(酷儿)未来的渴望也存在。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination and normalization as an effortful social practice: An analysis of LGBTQ+ families in Germany 作为一种努力的社会实践的歧视与正常化:德国LGBTQ+家庭分析
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231205819
Julia Teschlade, Mona Motakef, Christine Wimbauer
While legal recognition of same-sex relationships and families has increased in many democratic countries, discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation, both open and subtle, still exists. Drawing on qualitative interviews from Germany, this study uses the grounded theory methodology to analyse LGBTQ+ families’ normalization practices in response to experienced and anticipated discrimination. We show that normalization practices are not merely an assimilation to a neoliberal heteronormative family ideal, as criticised in debates on homonormativity, but require arduous efforts within heteronormative societies. Furthermore, normalization practices simultaneously challenge (traditional) family norms, through both overt political struggles and sub-politically within everyday practices.
虽然在许多民主国家对同性关系和家庭的法律承认有所增加,但基于性取向的歧视,无论是公开的还是微妙的,仍然存在。本研究以德国的定性访谈为基础,运用扎根理论方法分析LGBTQ+家庭在面对已经历和预期的歧视时的正常化做法。我们表明,正常化实践不仅仅是同化新自由主义的异性恋规范家庭理想,正如在关于同性性的辩论中所批评的那样,而是需要在异性恋规范社会中付出艰苦的努力。此外,通过公开的政治斗争和日常实践中的亚政治,规范化实践同时挑战(传统的)家庭规范。
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引用次数: 0
Iranian women’s sexual reconstruction through the internet: Informal education and empowerment 伊朗女性透过网路进行性重建:非正式教育与赋权
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231209736
Tannaz Zargarian
The emergence of the internet offered a unique space for Iranian women to inquire about their personal autonomy, including sexual autonomy. While the internet accelerated Iranian women’s emancipation from sexual subordination, critical questions concerning the impact of socio-cultural mores on this relatively new experience remain convoluted. Grounded in critical feminist and sexual script theoretical frameworks, this research investigates some Iranian women’s comprehension and experience of sexual autonomy by closely exploring the educational role of the internet on the discourse of sexual autonomy and its interconnection with the Iranian culture of shame and silence. Through semi-structural in-depth interviews and online ethnography, this research investigates how the internet serves as an informal learning tool that disrupts traditional learning and expedites women’s sexual autonomy in both online and offline spaces. Adopting critical thematic analysis, this study determined that the online realm altered the meaning of sexual subordination and led to a reconstruction that shifted the boundaries of shame and silence around sexuality. Through the interaction and interconnection between online and offline spaces, Iranian women problematize the culture of shame and silence through learning, revisiting their existing knowledge, and then silently acting. Therefore, a cultural reconstruction that is gradually redefining sexual scripts is emerging.
互联网的出现为伊朗女性提供了一个独特的空间来询问她们的个人自主权,包括性自主权。虽然互联网加速了伊朗妇女从性从属中解放出来,但社会文化习俗对这一相对较新的经历的影响的关键问题仍然令人费解。本研究以批判女权主义和性剧本理论框架为基础,深入探讨互联网对性自主话语的教育作用,以及互联网与伊朗羞耻感和沉默文化的联系,调查一些伊朗女性对性自主的理解和体验。通过半结构化的深度访谈和在线人种学,本研究调查了互联网如何作为一种非正式学习工具,在在线和离线空间中破坏传统学习并加速女性的性自主。通过批判性的主题分析,本研究确定了网络领域改变了性从属的意义,并导致了一种重构,改变了性的羞耻和沉默的界限。透过线上与线下空间的互动与连结,伊朗女性透过学习、重新检视已有知识,然后默默行动,来解决羞耻感与沉默文化的问题。因此,一种逐渐重新定义性剧本的文化重建正在出现。
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引用次数: 0
Orgasm as women’s work? Rethinking pleasure, ‘sex’ and the power dynamics of orgasm through the embodied experiences of orgasmic meditation practitioners 高潮是女人的工作?通过性高潮冥想实践者的具体体验,重新思考愉悦、“性”和性高潮的动力
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231208051
Katy Pilcher
Drawing upon interviews with 33 practitioners of ‘orgasmic meditation’ in the UK and US, I question the extent to which the practice of orgasmic meditation might facilitate ways to uncouple orgasm from negative gendered constructions. I explore how the practice in some cases enables people to establish clear bodily boundaries and encourages women to centre their own pleasure, as well as opening up space to rethink what constitutes a ‘sexual’ practice. Theorised through a queer feminist perspective, I argue that tensions remain with orgasm as a form of women’s work, with an onus upon women to police bodily boundaries, and with moments where boundaries are broken.
通过对英国和美国33名“性高潮冥想”实践者的采访,我质疑性高潮冥想的实践在多大程度上可能有助于将性高潮从消极的性别建构中分离出来。我探讨了在某些情况下,这种做法如何使人们建立清晰的身体界限,鼓励女性以自己的快乐为中心,并为重新思考什么是“性”行为开辟了空间。从酷儿女权主义的角度出发,我认为性高潮作为女性工作的一种形式,在女性有责任监督身体界限的时候,在边界被打破的时候,紧张仍然存在。
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引用次数: 0
‘They won’t wear condoms, so why would we expect them to wear masks?’: Social media, ‘circuit queens’ and the ‘gay civil war’ during COVID-19 “他们不会戴避孕套,那我们为什么要他们戴口罩呢?”:社交媒体、“巡回女王”和COVID-19期间的“同性恋内战”
3区 社会学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/13634607231208042
Mike Upton
This article examines the Instagram account @GaysoverCOVID which publicly exposed gay men who appeared to disregard COVID-related restrictions during the pandemic. While outwardly concerned to hold these men accountable, the article analyses posts and comments published on the platform to show how criticism focused on the appearance and perceived ‘promiscuity’ of the men exposed. The article draws on the work of Douglas Crimp (1989) to analyse this ‘moralism’ as a symptom of ‘melancholia’, a form of repressed mourning. It shows how the COVID pandemic has brought contested understandings of ‘safer sex’ to the surface, underpinning a set of anxieties concerning the loss of a ‘responsible’ gay subjecthood based on condom use. These anxieties were projected onto the figure of the ‘circuit queen’ in ways that reproduced long-standing discourses of ‘slut-shaming’. To leave this moralism behind, the author argues for greater attention to the affective dimensions of the transition from condom to PrEP-based HIV prevention.
本文研究了Instagram账户@GaysoverCOVID,该账户公开曝光了在大流行期间似乎无视与covid相关限制的男同性恋者。虽然表面上是想让这些男人承担责任,但这篇文章分析了该平台上发布的帖子和评论,显示了批评是如何集中在被曝光的男人的外表和所谓的“滥交”上的。这篇文章借鉴了Douglas Crimp(1989)的工作,分析了这种“道德主义”作为“忧郁”的症状,一种压抑的哀悼形式。它显示了COVID大流行如何使对“安全性行为”的有争议的理解浮出水面,支持了一系列关于在使用避孕套的基础上失去“负责任的”同性恋主体的焦虑。这些焦虑被投射到“电路女王”的形象上,再现了长期以来“荡妇羞辱”的话语。为了摆脱这种道德主义,作者主张更多地关注从避孕套到基于prep的艾滋病毒预防过渡的情感层面。
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引用次数: 0
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Sexualities
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