Critical Public Health最新文献

{"title":"How work impacts health and smoking practices among sexuality and gender minority young adults","authors":"Emily Kaner, Emile Sanders, Mark D. Fleming, Tamar M. J. Antin","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2277123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2277123","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTWhile work has been established as an important social determinant of health, it remains understudied in health inequities research. Although work has the potential to both promote and harm health, this analysis focuses on the health-compromising elements of work in a sample of sexuality and gender minority (SGM) young adults in the San Francisco Bay Area who participated in a study investigating nicotine and tobacco (NT) use practices. Survey and interview data were collected from 100 participants ages 18–25 who reported current or former NT use. In-depth qualitative interviews explored their experiences of daily life, social identities and beliefs about structural oppression, practices of NT use, and perceptions of health and wellbeing. A thematic analysis of the narratives highlighted the centrality of work to daily life. Participants described how work structured time and became a site of daily exploitation. They also identified the structural barriers that shape employment opportunities for SGM young adults, compromising health, and shaping NT use. Results elucidate the harmful practices embedded in daily work and the inequities within the structure of work itself, underscoring the need to shift focus away from individual behaviors like NT use and towards the structural factors that perpetuate health inequities.KEYWORDS: Social determinants of healthhealth inequitiessexuality and gender minoritiesworksmoking AcknowledgementsSincere appreciation goes to the 100 study participants who willingly gave their time to participate in this study.Disclosure statementThe authors report there are no competing interests to declare.Data availability statementDue to problems associated with anonymizing participants’ narrative data, the dataset has not been approved by the IRB to be deposited in a publicly available data repository. However, interested parties may contact the principal Investigator, Tamar Antin at tamar@criticalpublichealth.org to request anonymized data and study materials.Additional informationFundingThis research and preparation of this manuscript were supported by grant #T30IR0890 from the California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (TRDRP). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of TRDRP.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135635770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How pharmaceutical companies misappropriate fat acceptance","authors":"Andrea Bombak","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2273201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2273201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPharmaceutical companies influence whether we perceive conditions as relevant to the medical sector and in need of pharmaceutical intervention (pharmaceuticalization). Recently, through coordinated media and professional campaigns, pharmaceutical companies are coming to influence our understanding of bodily size. Beyond merely affecting conversations about how weight should be understood and engaged with in healthcare, however, pharmaceutical companies are swaying how society approaches weight stigma. By elevating certain voices, those of organizations and clinicians with whom they partner, and not others, including fat acceptance activists, pharmaceutical companies are having a regressive impact on body acceptance veiled as “obesity” stigma advocacy.KEYWORDS: Obesityweight lossconflicts of intereststigmapharmaceuticalizationmedicalization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Fat and higher-weight are used throughout this manuscript non-pejoratively as neutral descriptors; obese/obesity (BMI ≥ 30) are presented in quotes to emphasize the contested nature of the pathologization of fatness (Meadows & Daníelsdóttir, Citation2016).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135221780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical posthuman ethnography: grappling with human-more-than-human interconnection for critical public health","authors":"Kimberlee Collins","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2273199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2273199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s the problem represented to be? A critical analysis of problem representation in news media and public health communication during a hepatitis A outbreak in San Diego, California, USA","authors":"Jennifer K. Felner, Andrew Stieber, Nichole McCune, Elizabeth Reed, Jerel P. Calzo","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2271137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2271137","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDiscourse regarding public health problems disproportionately affecting marginalized communities may shape and sustain health inequities. Analyses of news media and public health communications in the wake of infectious disease outbreaks provides opportunities to examine how discourse produces dominant public perceptions about the drivers of health emergencies and who is responsible for protecting community health. Guided by Bacchi’s “What is the Problem Represented to Be?” analytic approach, this paper critically examines the discursive construction of problems and solutions in news media (n = 35) and public health communication (n = 18 press releases, n = 1 governmental report) regarding an unprecedented hepatitis A outbreak in San Diego, California, USA (2016–2018) that disproportionately affected people experiencing homelessness. We organize our findings around three elements of problem and solution representation with respect to the outbreak: 1. The inequitable attribution of risk and deservingness; 2. assumptions divorced from socio-structural factors and perspectives of marginalized populations; and 3. political theatre as a means of blame-shifting and (in)action. Overall, our findings suggest that even when structural-level issues were acknowledged within news media and public health communication as undergirding the ‘problem’ of the hepatitis A outbreak, outbreak discourse focused on individual-level responsibility for both the causes of and solutions to it (e.g. vaccines, criminalization of homelessness), and on shifting blame between government actors. These findings have implications for understanding the role that news media and public health agencies play in shaping public perception of the causes, consequences and solutions to infectious disease outbreaks that disproportionately affect marginalized populations.KEYWORDS: Homelessnesshealth communicationhealth inequitiesdisease outbreaks Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economies of resistance","authors":"Michelle Peterie, Alex Broom, Katherine Kenny, Jennifer Broom, David Regan, Lise Lafferty, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Carla Treloar","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2271140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2271140","url":null,"abstract":"The social organisation of economic life plays a pivotal role in assembling many emerging and enduring health problems. Yet throughout the recent history of global health challenges, an emphasis on the influence of economic systems has frequently been sidelined in favour of research that interrogates the behavioural and/or cultural dimensions of these problems. The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance provides a striking example of this trend, with analysis frequently and increasingly focusing on behavioural or technological fixes – for example, the need for responsible use of remaining antimicrobial drugs, or for revived efforts to identify new antimicrobial agents – while at times glossing over the market logics that reproduce the problem itself. With a few notable exceptions, the economic headwinds that shape the current antimicrobial resistance (AMR) scene have been largely decentred in scholarly discussions. In this article, we argue for a critical sociology of economies of resistance, contributing to burgeoning efforts to understand how economic structures both shape the acceleration of AMR and undermine the development of drug and diagnostic solutions.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘If you’re serious about losing weight, why are you drinking all those Cokes?’: a critical discourse analysis of interviews on sugar-sweetened beverages amongst residents of a middle to upper class neighborhood in Winnipeg, Manitoba","authors":"Anne Waugh, Andrea Bombak, Patricia Thille, Kerstin Roger, Kelsey Mann, Natalie Riediger","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2265045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2265045","url":null,"abstract":"Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) have been identified as a health policy target, due to their associations with weight gain. However, fatness or ‘obesity’ is associated with stigma, and for ‘obese’ children, mother blame; thus, SSB policies must be evaluated for their potential to reinforce existing forms of stigma. The purpose of this study was to explore discourses mobilized in discussion of SSB consumption and purchasing amongst residents of a middle-upper class neighborhood in Winnipeg, Canada. We conducted a critical discourse analysis of qualitative interviews from 2019, with English-speaking, adult participants using purposive sampling. Eighteen participants were recruited; fifteen were women, all self-identified as white and spoke about (grand)parenting. Considerations of weight stigmatization informed analysis. Participants utilized a personal responsibility discourse to determine the acceptability of SSB purchasing and consumption. Negative emotions, or judgements, shaped discussion of regular SSB consumption, consumption by higher-weight individuals, or consumption in specific contexts, which were unacceptable. Parental responsibility was a discourse applied to children’s SSB intake and elicited judgmental language, particularly among mothers. The discourses utilized by dominant social groups are stigmatizing, particularly when directed towards higher-weight individuals, leading to maternal blame. Therefore, the impact of SSB policies on stigma, including weight-based stigma, should be carefully considered prior to implementation.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘I will play this tokenistic game, I just want something useful for my community’: experiences of and resistance to harms of peer research","authors":"Lori E. Ross, Merrick Pilling, Jijian Voronka, Kendra-Ann Pitt, Elizabeth McLean, Carole King, Yogendra Shakya, Kinnon R. MacKinnon, Charmaine C. Williams, Carol Strike, Adrian Guta","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2268822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2268822","url":null,"abstract":"Hiring peer researchers – individuals with lived experience of the phenomenon under study – is an increasingly popular practice. However, little research has examined experiences of peer research from the perspectives of peer researchers themselves. In this paper, we report on data from a participatory, qualitative research project focused on four intersecting communities often engaged in peer research: mental health service user/consumer/survivor; people who use drugs; racialized; and trans/non-binary communities. In total, 34 individuals who had worked as peer researchers participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts and interviewer reflections were analyzed using a participatory approach. Many participants reported exposure to intersecting forms of systemic oppression (racism, transphobia, ableism, and classism, among others) and disparagement of their identities and lived experiences, both from other members of the research team and from the broader institutions in which they were working. Peer researchers described being required to perform academic professionalism, while simultaneously representing communities that were explicitly or implicitly denigrated in the course of their work. Practices of resistance to these harms were evident throughout the interviews, and participants often made strategic decisions to permit themselves to be tokenized, out of the expectation of promised benefits to their communities. However, additional harms were often experienced when these benefits were not realized. These findings point towards the need for a more reflexive and critical approach to the use of peer research.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking and remaking “the social”: co-production, critical pedagogy, and mental health among university students in the USA","authors":"Mikayla Syanne Alsopp, James Blair, William Minter, Mariah Sanders, Dominique Béhague","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2265049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2265049","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis paper presents findings from a qualitative study exploring how students at a university in the southern USA conceptualize, theorize, and attempt to influence the role ‘social factors’ play in mental illness and well-being. Drawing on models of research co-production and principles of critical pedagogy, a group of 10 university students (‘student researchers’) worked with a faculty member to develop and conduct the study. The results highlight three ways in which the student interviewees (‘student interlocutors’) theorize ‘the social’. The first two – (1) via the ‘social determinants of health’ and (2) by means of theories on ‘neoliberal subjectivity’ – provide a powerful frame for interrogating hierarchical systems of power. However, because neither of these corresponds to our interest in producing knowledge for social change, we used prefigurative and speculative approaches to explore a third notion of the social, that of (3) ‘world-making practices’. We conclude by reflecting on the relevance of this project for educators, learners, and researchers seeking to deepen knowledge and theories of the social in mental health. We argue that co-produced research that draws from principles of critical pedagogy can enhance interdisciplinary collaboration and lead to more nuanced, transformative, and innovative analyses.KEYWORDS: Social context of mental healthco-productioncritical pedagogystudent mental health AcknowledgementWe would like to thank the other student researchers who participated in early phases of this research: Katherine Carlsen, Andriana Johnson, Francis Lee, Victoria Mityul, Payton Robinette, and Michael West. This project would not have been possible without your insights and enthusiasm. We are also grateful to comments provided by members of faculty at the Department of Medicine, Health, and Society seminar series.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. We use the term ‘interlocutor’ rather than ‘study participants’ to emphasize the collaborative and always-situated nature of knowledge creation in qualitative, open-ended research (Simpson, Citation2011).2. Using open-ended methods, interlocutors were asked to self-identify in terms of gender, ethnicity, and race: 27 identified as women, 6 as men; 22 as non-white or persons of color, 11 as white, and 12 as international students, 10 of whom identified as non-white; and nine students were either first- or second-generation university attendees. While interlocutors were not explicitly asked about their mental health, approximately half of them reported having sought psychological help during their studies, either on or off campus.3. These additional questions were used with 25 of our 33 interlocutors.4. 11 of our 33 interlocutors answered these questions.5. Students leading this movement are pressuring the university administration to rename Calhoun Hall, named after William Henry Calhoun (1815–1865), a Nashville silversmit","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematically omitting indoor air quality: sub-standard guidance for shelters, group homes and long-term care in Ontario during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Amy Katz, Tianyuan Li, LLana James, Jeffrey Siegel, Patricia O’Campo","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2262736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2262736","url":null,"abstract":"Public Health Ontario (PHO) is mandated by legislation to share scientific advice during infectious disease outbreaks and help reduce health inequities in Ontario, Canada. PHO was founded in part to address the failures of Ontario’s public health system during the 2003 outbreak of SARS-CoV-1, which included the failure to address airborne transmission. By January 2021, public health authorities had access to a body of literature suggesting SARS-CoV-2 was airborne, and had received urgent warnings from scientists. We set out to document how PHO responded to the likelihood – and, eventually, the certainty – of airborne transmission in the context of its guidance for congregate settings such as long-term care and shelters. In October 2021, we reviewed PHO’s public, written COVID-19 guidance for these settings, with a focus on indoor air quality (IAQ) measures that mitigate airborne transmission, such as ventilation. We identified 11 PHO documents for congregate settings. They contained no references to IAQ measures. We did, however, find references to IAQ measures in parallel documents for schools, summer camps, and clinical offices. Our findings demonstrate PHO omitted key infection prevention measures from its COVID-19 guidance for congregate settings, putting workers and residents at greater risk of exposure, illness and death, and exacerbating health inequities.","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135858186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Digging in”: stigma and surveillance in the lives of pregnant and breastfeeding mothers who consume cannabis","authors":"Saara Greene, Mary Vaccaro, Alexe Bernier, Gabrielle Griffith, Allyson Ion, Rochelle Maurice, Chelsea Gabel, Marisa Blake","doi":"10.1080/09581596.2023.2262739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2023.2262739","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSince the shift to legalizing recreational cannabis use in Canada in 2018, there has been increased attention on the consequences of cannabis use on women’s reproductive and maternal health, with particular attention to the impact of cannabis in utero and through breastfeeding. This has resulted in an intense focus on the behaviors of individuals who consume cannabis during the perinatal period, which raises questions about the impact this has on women and mothers who have historically been under the surveillance of the Canadian public health, health and social care, and legal systems. Grounded in an intersectional feminist framework that acknowledges how race, ability, class, and other social positions impact and differentiate women’s experience, this paper presents findings emerging from a participatory arts-based research approach called Photovoice with 23 mothers living throughout Canada. All participants consumed cannabis during pregnancy and breastfeeding and illustrated through photographs and individual and group discussion how their experiences of intersectional stigma and surveillance by health and social care providers resulted in barriers to accessing cannabis-related information and support. Implications arising from our inquiry suggest there is a dire need for public health, perinatal care, and social care responses that run counter to the current context where stigma and fear prevent parents from accessing cannabis information and support.KEYWORDS: Cannabispregnancybreastfeedingintersectional stigmasurveillance Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Although we used the terms parents and chestfeeding in our proposal and recruitment process to be inclusive of all pregnant, infant feeding and parenting individuals, all participants who participated in the study identified themselves as Mothers who breastfeed.2. The TRC issues 94 calls to action call on all levels of the Canadian government to work together to repair the harm caused by residential schools and begin the process of reconciliation.Additional informationFundingThis study was funded by the Social Science & Humanities Research Council (Grant number 435-2019-0215) and an RFP from the Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (Cannabis Closing the Gaps RFP).","PeriodicalId":51469,"journal":{"name":"Critical Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136014572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}