Epidemiologia e Servicos de Saude最新文献

Objective: To describe health surveillance actions implemented by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) to mitigate cases of ocular adverse events related to hair styling creams in Brazil and verify correlation between reported cases and these actions.

Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational study based on analysis of documents and the ANVISA case reporting database, between March 2022 and March 2024. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to examine correlation between ANVISA actions and cases of adverse events (p-value<0.05).

Results: Three distinct periods were identified in relation to ANVISA actions (n=172) and reported cases (n=636). The second period (December 2022 to June 2023) presented the highest number of actions (n=125; 72.7%), coinciding with the peak of case reports (n=550). During this period, two safety alerts were published and a precautionary ban was ordered on all hair styling creams sold in Brazil, which lasted 38 days. In the third period (July 2023 to March 2024), the highest number of cream marketing cancellations occurred (n=3,122; 79.3%), and toxicology analyses indicated that six (30.0%) samples were classified as severely irritant/corrosive. There was a positive and strong correlation between the actions and the reported cases, ranging from 0.53 (p-value 0.006) to 0.74 (p-value<0.001).

Conclusion: The strong positive correlation demonstrates that ANVISA's actions were reactive to the increase in case reports, reinforcing the importance of active surveillance and rapid interventions to control risks to public health.

Public health emergencies can cause significant social, economic and health impacts. To mitigate these effects, approaches and programs at national and global levels have been developed, focusing on preparedness, surveillance and response, especially for emergencies of international concern (1). As a Member State of the World Health Organization and signatory of its agreements and conventions, Brazil is committed to ensuring the execution of health actions with a focus on public health emergencies. Despite successful experiences in emergency management, this is still an emerging field, with limited scientific production. This article describes the history of public health emergency management at the federal level and its strategies for preparing, surveillance and responding to these events in the Brazilian National Health System.

Objectives: To adapt and validate a tool to measure the level of food knowledge based on the Nova classification for the Brazilian context.

Methods: A tool developed by Canadian researchers was adapted for Brazil. In this tool, respondents assign healthiness scores to 12 images of foods with different levels of industrial processing according to the Nova classification - unprocessed and minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed. Total score is computed by comparing scores assigned to foods from different groups, and range from 0 to 8. The Brazilian version, named Nova-Conhecimento, was evaluated by experts and submitted to pre-tests with potential users. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparing scores of undergraduate students of nutrition and undergraduate students in education-related fields. Convergent validity was assessed by testing the association between the knowledge score and the consumption of ultra-processed foods in a subsample of the NutriNet Brazil cohort (n=1,245).

Results: Nutrition students had higher scores than education students (6.7 vs. 5.3; p-value<0.001). Each point in the knowledge score was associated with a reduction of 1.03 percentage points in the contribution of ultra-processed foods to the diet (p-value<0.001).

Conclusion: The Nova-Conhecimento tool demonstrated validity and can contribute to food and nutritional surveillance activities based on the the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population.