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Singing the goddess into place: Locality, myth, and social change in Chamundi of the hill, a Kannada folk balladBy Caleb Simmons, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. 2022. pp. 263 歌唱女神的位置:卡莱布-西蒙斯(CalebSimmons)著,纽约州奥尔巴尼,纽约州立大学出版社:纽约州奥尔巴尼:纽约州立大学出版社。2022. pp.
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12420
Vineet Gairola
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引用次数: 0
Moral conflict in a (post)war story: Narrative as enactment of and reflection on moral injury 战后故事中的道德冲突:叙事是对道德伤害的表现和反思
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12418
Robin Conley Riner, Bryan D. Carnes

This article examines the discursive construction of moral conflict in a military veteran's (post)war story. By closely examining the linguistic details of a single veteran's narrative of war, this article addresses how moral conflict is revealed in shifts among varying modes of morality: from the conventional moral dispositions of the military, in which soldiers are socialized into acting, often violently and without reflection, to conscious ethical reasoning, which soldiers have historically been socialized not to engage in. The analysis of this veteran's narrative, informed by ethnographic research on veterans’ experiences of combat and return after deployment, outlines how structural and linguistic components of the narrative engage shifting modes of moral experience. As such, the article provides a critical discussion of moral injury, as well as a potential model for the study of language and morality.

本文研究了退伍军人(战后)故事中道德冲突的话语建构。通过仔细研究一名退伍军人战争叙事中的语言细节,本文探讨了道德冲突是如何在不同道德模式的转变中显现出来的:从军队的传统道德倾向(士兵被社会化为行动,通常是暴力和不加思索的行动)到有意识的道德推理(士兵历来被社会化为不参与道德推理)。通过对退伍军人的战斗经历和部署后返回的人种学研究,对这位退伍军人的叙事进行了分析,概述了叙事的结构和语言部分是如何参与道德体验模式的转变的。因此,文章对道德伤害进行了批判性的讨论,并为语言和道德研究提供了一个潜在的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Moorea lagoon fishers’ mental maps: An exploratory analysis of Polynesian spatial knowledge 莫雷亚泻湖渔民的思维导图:对波利尼西亚人空间知识的探索性分析
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12416
Teriitutea Quesnot, Émilie Schmitter, Jean Wencélius, Tamatoa Bambridge

This empirical study builds upon prior research concerning cultural influences on spatial mental representations in Oceania. A comprehensive examination of 93 mental maps sourced from 59 lagoon fishers of Moorea (French Polynesia) reveals interesting facts about the way they organize and share their spatial knowledge. Firstly, consistent with previous studies across Oceania, Polynesian fishers exhibit a preference for the allocentric perspective when representing their environment. Secondly, they generally rely on marine landmarks for navigation, with a particular emphasis on four entities: the reef barrier, maritime beacons, coral outcrops, and a key chromatic marker — Moana (blue in Tahitian) — indicating the depth of the lagoon. Finally, the factor analysis we conducted highlights two significant facts: (1) a geographical self-censorship, demonstrated by the low presence or even the absence of landmarks useful for locating their fishing spots; (2) a continuum between the surface and the depths of the lagoon, showing that surface fishers (line, net, troll, etc.) have a proven knowledge of seabed topography, whereas underwater speargun fishers also rely on landmarks located above the water.

这项实证研究建立在此前关于大洋洲空间心理表征的文化影响的研究基础之上。通过对来自 59 名摩尔拉(法属波利尼西亚)环礁湖渔民的 93 幅心理地图进行全面研究,发现了他们组织和分享空间知识的有趣方式。首先,与之前在大洋洲进行的研究一致,波利尼西亚渔民在表示他们的环境时偏好分配中心视角。其次,他们通常依靠海洋地标进行导航,尤其重视四个实体:珊瑚礁屏障、海上信标、珊瑚露头和一个关键的色标--莫阿纳(大溪地语中的蓝色)--指示泻湖的深度。最后,我们进行的因素分析强调了两个重要事实:(1) 地理上的自我审查,表现为很少有甚至根本没有有助于定位其捕鱼点的地标;(2) 环礁湖海面和深度之间的连续性,表现为海面捕鱼者(线、网、拖钓等)对海底地形有可靠的了解,而水下鱼叉捕鱼者也依赖于位于水面上的地标。
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引用次数: 0
Atmospheres: The multisensoriality of spatially extended emotions 氛围:空间延伸情感的多感官性
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12417
Patrick Eisenlohr

In this essay, I introduce an analytic of atmosphere as a way to bridge the gap between the phenomenology of the felt-body and the anthropology of the senses. This analytic of atmospheres as multisensoriality partially aligns with, but also differs from other anthropological approaches to multisensoriality or the anthropology of the senses. Examining the meaningfulness of atmospheres as spatially extended emotions from a neo-phenomenological perspective, I argue that the notion of atmosphere offers advantages for understanding sensory cultural practices such as sounding and lighting. The felt dimensions of these practices often escape full qualification by cultural discourses, but are nevertheless deeply meaningful. Further, I explore how such atmospheric meaningfulness is irreducible to particular single sensory modi. Instead, it rests on diffuse and synesthetic kinds of felt-bodily affectedness with a holistic character. I demonstrate this by way of two ethnographic examples, investigating practices sounding and lighting, respectively, as atmospheric practices.

在这篇文章中,我将介绍一种大气分析法,以此来弥合感觉身体现象学与感官人类学之间的鸿沟。这种对作为多感官性的气氛的分析部分地与其他人类学对多感官性或感官人类学的研究方法相一致,但也有所不同。我从新现象学的角度考察了大气作为空间延伸情感的意义,我认为大气的概念为理解声音和灯光等感官文化实践提供了优势。这些实践的感受维度往往无法被文化论述完全定性,但却意义深远。此外,我还探讨了这种氛围的意义如何与特定的单一感官模式不可分割。取而代之的是,它依赖于具有整体特征的弥散性和协同性的身体感受性。我通过两个人种学实例来证明这一点,这两个实例分别调查了作为大气实践的声音和照明实践。
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引用次数: 0
Home as the Third Place: Stories of movement among immigrant caregivers in an intercultural Chilean city 家是第三地:智利跨文化城市移民照顾者的流动故事
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12415
Verónica Mingo, Jayanthi Mistry

Parenting practices are inherently related to the sociocultural and material contexts in which children and their caregivers live. Rooted in sociocultural perspectives, this research contributes to the study of contextualized caregiving by ethnographically examining the daily caregiving practices of seven low-income immigrant mothers and their young children. Research participants all live in a precarious material context in a Chilean intercultural city. This study illuminates how caregivers use their understanding of the world to make sense of their realities, both resources and constraints, and actively negotiate with the elements of everyday life. We discuss (a) the mobilizing effect of their hopes and dreams on potential future life (we refer to it as the Third Place), manifested in a constant search for a “better life” and (b) the personal and contextual resources that mothers draw on to provide physical care to their children, despite social constraints and scarcity of material resources.

育儿实践与儿童及其照顾者所处的社会文化和物质环境有着内在联系。本研究以社会文化视角为基础,通过人种学方法考察了七位低收入移民母亲及其年幼子女的日常照料实践,为研究情境化照料做出了贡献。研究参与者都生活在智利一个跨文化城市的不稳定物质环境中。这项研究揭示了照顾者如何利用她们对世界的理解来理解她们的现实,包括资源和限制,并积极与日常生活中的各种因素进行协商。我们讨论了(a)她们对未来潜在生活(我们称之为 "第三地")的希望和梦想的动员作用,这体现在她们对 "更美好生活 "的不断追求中;(b)尽管存在社会限制和物质资源匮乏,但母亲们仍利用个人和环境资源为孩子提供身体护理。
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引用次数: 0
In the shadows of gratitude: On mooded spaces of vulnerability and care 在感恩的阴影中脆弱与关怀的情绪空间
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12414
Jason Danely

Gratitude is a ubiquitous phenomenon in everyday social interactions, yet it has received relatively little attention within anthropology. Past approaches to gratitude have focused on its practical expressions within exchange relationships. In contrast, this article considers the phenomenology of gratitude as a moral mood. Drawing on ethnographic episodes of gratitude between older care-recipients and their unpaid family carers in Japan, I argue that gratitude generates an aesthetic atmosphere that attunes carer and cared-for to each other. I explore this through the Japanese notion “kage,” or the “shadow,” an atmosphere of shared interdependence and vulnerability that is not reducible to darkness or light, pain, or comfort. In the context of informal care of older people, this ambiguity provides space for sharing complex relational experiences and easing the weight of emotional strain. This Japanese example provides a model of new ways to engage with gratitude ethnographically, particularly in situations involving close care.

感恩是日常社会交往中无处不在的现象,但人类学界对它的关注却相对较少。过去对感恩的研究主要集中在其在交换关系中的实际表达。与此相反,本文将感恩现象学视为一种道德情绪。通过对日本老年受照顾者和他们的无偿家庭照顾者之间的民族志感恩事件的研究,我认为,感恩会产生一种审美氛围,使照顾者和受照顾者相互适应。我通过日语中的 "影"("kage "或 "shadow")这一概念来探讨这一点,"影 "是一种共同的相互依存和脆弱的氛围,并不能归结为黑暗或光明、痛苦或舒适。在非正式照顾老年人的背景下,这种模糊性为分享复杂的关系体验和缓解情感压力提供了空间。日本的这一实例为我们提供了一种新的民族志研究感恩的方法,尤其是在涉及亲密照护的情况下。
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引用次数: 0
Collective moods in Western Isles structures of being 西部群岛存在结构中的集体情绪
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12413
Marybeth MacPhee PhD

This paper develops a relational framework to interpret ethnographic data on the way residents of a community-owned estate in the Western Isles of Scotland evaluated and contributed to collective quality of life. The analysis compares conversations with community development professionals and crofters to identify social and cultural structures influencing their contrasting interpretations of locally valued qualities of social attachment, belonging, and community. The framework integrates perspectives from phenomenological anthropology with Heidegger's theory of Being-in-the-world to describe how structures of care, temporality, mood, and discourse influenced the dynamics of sociocultural diversity, interpretations of social relationships, and collective efforts to compose favorable conditions for co-existence in a small population.

本文开发了一个关系框架来解释苏格兰西部群岛一个社区拥有的庄园的居民评估和贡献集体生活质量的方式的民族志数据。该分析比较了与社区发展专业人员和佃农的对话,以确定影响他们对社会依恋、归属感和社区等当地价值品质的不同解释的社会和文化结构。该框架将现象学人类学的观点与海德格尔的“存在于世界”理论相结合,描述了关怀、时间性、情绪和话语的结构如何影响社会文化多样性的动态、对社会关系的解释,以及在小群体中为共存创造有利条件的集体努力。
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引用次数: 0
Divine trauma: Schizophrenia and unresolved realities in South India 神圣的创伤:精神分裂症和未解决的现实在南印度
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12412
Anjana Bala

This article explores the relationship between schizophrenia, divine encounters, and therapeutics based on ethnographic research in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Contributing to a long history of single-subject ethnographies in psychological anthropology, this article narrates the events leading up to the diagnosis and the emerging life worlds post-diagnosis of an interlocutor I call Dhruv. I depart from symbolic constructions of the divine to an affective divine, a kind of force that enters and alters embodied existence. Following scholars who call for theories that move beyond Western metropolitan epistemologies, I draw upon the Bhagavad Gita, a poetic scripture from the Hindu tradition, as a form of psychological theory to contend how an encounter with the divine might be too much to bear, even traumatic. In doing so, the article offers an alternative entry point to the commonly held assumption of the therapeutic efficacy of divine encounters and religious sites in India.

本文以印度泰米尔纳德邦金奈的民族志研究为基础,探讨了精神分裂症、神性遭遇和治疗之间的关系。这篇文章为心理人类学中单一主体民族志的悠久历史做出了贡献,叙述了导致诊断的事件以及我称之为Dhruv的对话者诊断后出现的生活世界。我从神圣的象征结构转向情感神圣,一种进入并改变具象化存在的力量。追随那些呼吁超越西方大都市认识论的学者,我借鉴了《博伽梵歌》(Bhagavad Gita),这是一部来自印度传统的诗歌经典,作为一种心理学理论的形式,来论证与神的相遇是如何难以忍受,甚至是创伤性的。在这样做的过程中,文章提供了另一个切入点,以普遍持有的假设,即印度的神圣遭遇和宗教场所的治疗功效。
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引用次数: 0
Embodying intimacy in everyday interaction: A biolinguistic study of long-term partners in the Southeastern United States 在日常交往中体现亲密:美国东南部长期伴侣的生物语言学研究
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12411
Sonya E. Pritzker, Jason A. DeCaro, Baili Gall, Lawrence T. Monocello, Joshua R. Pederson

Drawing on linguistic and biocultural anthropological perspectives on embodiment, this paper advances a “biolinguistic” approach to ethnographic research on intimacy, attending simultaneously to the co-constitutive interactive, psychophysiological, and phenomenological processes that emerge in everyday embodied interaction between long-term, cohabitating romantic partners. Through concurrent attention to natural interactions captured during video ethnography and moment-to-moment shifts in heart-rate variability, this study complements and complicates existing psychological, communication, and anthropological research on intimacy. Three case-studies of long-term couples residing in the Southeastern United States demonstrate how neither pure psychophysiology nor pure linguistic analysis fully encapsulates potential patterns of intimacy among them. Rather, this microanalytical, biolinguistic approach to the complexities of body and language interplay, in treating embodiment and interaction as bidirectional phenomena, emphasizes that meanings and enactments of intimacy might look different for each couple and can change over time in complex ways that index couples’ enduring orientations towards various cultural and relational norms.

利用语言和生物文化人类学的体现视角,本文提出了一种“生物语言学”方法来研究亲密关系的民族志研究,同时关注长期同居恋人之间日常体现互动中出现的共同构成互动、心理生理和现象学过程。通过同时关注在视频人种学中捕捉到的自然互动和心率变异性的时刻变化,本研究补充并复杂化了现有的关于亲密关系的心理学、传播学和人类学研究。三个居住在美国东南部的长期夫妻的案例研究表明,纯粹的心理生理学和纯粹的语言分析都不能完全概括他们之间潜在的亲密模式。相反,这种对身体和语言相互作用复杂性的微观分析和生物语言学方法,在将体现和互动视为双向现象的过程中,强调了每对夫妇的亲密关系的意义和行为可能看起来不同,并且可以随着时间的推移以复杂的方式改变,这表明夫妻对各种文化和关系规范的持久取向。
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引用次数: 0
Families on the edge: Experiences of homelessness and care in rural New England By Elizabeth Carpenter-Song, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 2023. pp. 192 边缘家庭:Elizabeth Carpenter-Song 著,马萨诸塞州剑桥:麻省理工学院出版社。 2023. pp.
IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1111/etho.12410
Vincent Laliberté
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引用次数: 0
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Ethos
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