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The role of board leadership in deliberating international entry 董事会领导层在审议国际准入中的作用
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-024-00352-x

Abstract

The current study addresses the formal and informal board leadership roles in new high-tech firms. Overall, we find that board leadership affects international engagements in idiosyncratic ways. Initially, we conjectured that the board leadership role structure would influence time to new markets, but the leadership role structure fails to do so, which indicates that neither a divided board leadership structure nor a dual board leadership structure matters. Instead, we find that the facilitating role of board chair leadership does. Although board chair leadership efficacy has a deliberating effect, we find it to have an interactive effect with a more resourceful board, indicating that efficacious leadership is more important than we typically would expect. Noteworthy, these dynamic interactions not only contribute to advancing new high-tech firms, but also contribute to shaping a resilient high-tech entrepreneurial ecosystem from within.

摘要 本研究探讨了新兴高科技公司中正式和非正式的董事会领导角色。总体而言,我们发现董事会领导以特异的方式影响着企业的国际参与。起初,我们猜测董事会领导角色结构会影响进入新市场的时间,但领导角色结构并没有影响进入新市场的时间,这表明无论是分裂的董事会领导结构还是双重董事会领导结构都不重要。相反,我们发现,董事会主席领导力的促进作用起到了作用。虽然董事会主席的领导效能具有审议效应,但我们发现它与资源更丰富的董事会具有互动效应,这表明高效领导比我们通常预期的更为重要。值得注意的是,这些动态互动不仅有助于推动新的高科技公司的发展,还有助于从内部塑造一个富有弹性的高科技创业生态系统。
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引用次数: 0
The need for strategic redirection and business model change: The impact of evolving influential forces of change on international entrepreneurship environment 战略调整和商业模式变革的必要性:不断演变的变革力量对国际创业环境的影响
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-024-00348-7
Hamid Etemad

This article examines the rapidly changing environment of international entrepreneurship. The force behind the change is diverse comprising environmental, socio-economic, and technological, including the emergence of intelligent robotics, 3-D printing, the Internet of all things (IOTs), generative artificial intelligence (AI), and the rapid transformation the WWW to WWW.03, amongst other evolving forces, each with profound impact on the iSMEs embedding ecosystems and operating environment. Introduction briefly introduces a selective list of the influential forces and a range of their potential affects, while the “Further development and literature review” section further examines them within their respective contexts of the emerging crises, and their operational, strategic, and theoretical frameworks as the unfolding influential forces evolve with challenging impacts on the internationalized, or internationalizing, SMEs’ (iSMEs’) pool of capabilities and resources with direct effects on their global competitiveness, and growth at home and internationally. The “Discussion” section, in three parts, explores the combined effects of forces of change on the iSMEs’ top management team (TMT) to analyse their strategic posture, the potency of their firm’ resources, and dynamic capabilities, to take potent decisions for leading to potentially non-trivial organizational and strategic change, including fundamental business model innovation (BMI). “Conclusions, implication, and suggestions” further examines the adverse impacts of the recent crises in three parts, ranging from the 2008–2009 global financial crisis (GFC), COVID pandemic, and the unfolding challenges of the climatic change as discussed in the recent COP 28 meetings, and its suggestion for undertaking remedial actions at the corporate, social, and public policy levels. Combined, the necessary change my result in significant architectural and structural change in many common worldwide aspects without sparing anyone, anything, and any location.

本文探讨了迅速变化的国际创业环境。变化背后的力量是多样化的,包括环境、社会经济和技术,其中包括智能机器人、3D 打印、万物互联(IOT)、生成式人工智能(AI)的出现,以及 WWW 向 WWW.03 的快速转变,以及其他不断发展的力量,每一种力量都对国际中小型企业的嵌入生态系统和运营环境产生深远影响。导言 "部分简要介绍了一系列有选择性的影响力量及其潜在影响,而 "进一步发展和文献综述 "部分则进一步研究了这些力量在各自新出现的危机背景下的作用、战略和理论框架,因为不断发展的影响力量会对国际化或国际化中小型企业(iSMEs)的能力和资源库产生挑战性影响,并直接影响其全球竞争力以及在国内和国际上的发展。讨论 "部分分为三个部分,探讨了变革力量对中小型企业高层管理团队(TMT)的综合影响,以分析他们的战略态势、公司资源的潜力和动态能力,从而做出强有力的决策,促成可能非同小可的组织和战略变革,包括根本性的商业模式创新(BMI)。"结论、影响和建议 "分三部分进一步探讨了近期危机的不利影响,包括 2008-2009 年全球金融危机(GFC)、COVID 大流行病以及近期 COP 28 会议讨论的气候变化带来的挑战,并提出了在企业、社会和公共政策层面采取补救措施的建议。这些必要的变革结合在一起,将在世界范围内的许多共同方面带来重大的建筑和结构变革,而不会放过任何人、任何事和任何地点。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of strategic behavior in micro and small technology–based firms in brazil 巴西小型微型科技企业的战略行为分析
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00347-0
Tiago Fernando Musetti, Marcelo Seido Nagano, Alceu Gomes Alves Filho

This study aimed to identify some of the main characteristics of strategic behavior in micro and small technology–based firms in Brazil and consisted of two phases. The former involved a survey of 104 micro and small technology–based firms, with results obtained using multivariate statistical techniques. The latter involved five case studies, with information collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results indicated that micro and small technology–based firms operate in sectors with significant levels of dynamism and uncertainty and exhibit strategic behavior based on the adoption (or implementation) of competitive and innovation strategies, structuring of R&D departments, and R&D investments to meet customer needs. The influence of dynamic capabilities on the innovation process may enable micro and small technology–based firms operating in uncertain and dynamic sectors to sense external opportunities and seize and reconfigure organizational resources to exploit external opportunities for competitive advantages.

这项研究旨在确定巴西微型和小型科技公司战略行为的一些主要特征,包括两个阶段。前一个阶段是对 104 家微型和小型技术型企业进行调查,并利用多元统计技术得出结果。后者包括五项案例研究,通过半结构式访谈收集信息,并使用内容分析法进行分析。研究结果表明,微型和小型科技企业所处的行业具有很强的动态性和不确定性,它们在采取(或实施)竞争和创新战略、构建研发部门以及进行研发投资以满足客户需求的基础上表现出战略行为。动态能力对创新过程的影响可能会使在不确定和动态行业中运营的微型和小型技术型企业能够感知外部机会,并抓住和重新配置组织资源,以利用外部机会获得竞争优势。
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引用次数: 0
The internationalization and performance of INVs: Liability or learning advantages of newness? 国际投资机构的国际化和绩效:新事物的责任还是学习优势?
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00345-2
Apalak Khatua, Arindam Mondal, Supria Dhanda
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引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurship performance in the EU: To what extent do economic, social, and government conditions matter? 欧盟的创业表现:经济、社会和政府条件在多大程度上起作用?
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00342-5
Ana Rita Canelas Luz, Paulo Bento, Marco Antonio Catussi Paschoalotto, Renato Pereira

Entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a key driver of economic development. At the same time, entrepreneurship is also affected by the economic conditions of the regions where it evolves. In the literature, negative impacts on entrepreneurial performance have been linked to the 2008 financial crisis in the European Union (EU). However, not enough evidence has been provided to support this assertion. To fill this gap, we tested the relationship between economic, social, and government conditions and entrepreneurial performance. We did this for opportunity entrepreneurship (OPP), necessity entrepreneurship (NEC), and total entrepreneurial activity (TEA), for the period 2003–2018, which covers before, during, and after the financial crisis. We considered 21 EU countries and applied descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses. Our results demonstrate that (a) there is a positive and significant correlation between NEC and OPP, GDP per capita and OPP, unemployment and TEA, gender ratio and age, gender ratio and education, education and TEA, population and NEC, government indicators and GDP per capita, and government expenditure and NEC, and a negative and significant correlation between GDP per capita and TEA and (b) economic and government conditions had a negative impact on TEA, in contrast to a positive and negative impact on NEC. Social conditions are mixed for TEA and NEC and positive for OPP. The effects on economic conditions were mixed for OPP. Therefore, our study impacts practitioners by demonstrating the factors that do or do not impact entrepreneurial activity in the EU. Additionally, our study expands upon previously analyzed factors that influence entrepreneurial performance, promoting value and originality in the area.

创业被广泛认为是经济发展的主要推动力。同时,创业也受到其发展所在地区经济条件的影响。在文献中,对创业表现的负面影响与 2008 年欧盟(EU)金融危机有关。然而,还没有足够的证据支持这一论断。为了填补这一空白,我们测试了经济、社会和政府条件与创业表现之间的关系。我们对 2003-2018 年期间的机会创业 (OPP)、必要性创业 (NEC) 和总体创业活动 (TEA) 进行了检验,涵盖了金融危机之前、期间和之后。我们考虑了 21 个欧盟国家,并应用了描述性、相关性和多元线性回归分析。我们的结果表明:(a) NEC 与 OPP、人均 GDP 与 OPP、失业率与 TEA、性别比与年龄、性别比与教育、教育与 TEA、人口与 NEC、政府指标与人均 GDP、政府支出与 NEC 之间存在显著的正相关关系,而人均 GDP 与 TEA 之间存在显著的负相关关系;(b) 经济和政府条件对 TEA 有负面影响,而对 NEC 则有正负面影响。社会条件对 TEA 和 NEC 的影响好坏参半,对 OPP 的影响为正。对 OPP 而言,经济条件的影响好坏参半。因此,我们的研究通过展示影响或不影响欧盟创业活动的因素,对从业者产生了影响。此外,我们的研究还扩展了之前分析过的影响创业绩效的因素,提升了该领域的价值和原创性。
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引用次数: 0
Micro-multinational enterprises in Malaysia: the role of entrepreneurial orientation and regulatory institutions 马来西亚的微型跨国企业:创业导向和监管机构的作用
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00344-3
Tze Cheng Chew

The research on international new ventures, particularly born global enterprises, has consistently held a central position in the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While a surge of studies has focused on the accelerated internationalisation of SMEs, less attention has been given to their entry modes. This oversight is rooted in the traditional belief that SMEs, due to their small size, are best suited for exclusive concentration on exporting. Contrary to this notion, researchers advocate for the consideration of higher-commitment entry modes, such as licensing, franchising, and joint ventures, leading to the conceptualisation of ‘mMNEs’ to describe this evolving category of internationalised SMEs. Consequently, there is a call for future studies to challenge traditional perceptions of SMEs and explore the determinants of mMNEs. Addressing this research gap, this study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), encompassing innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking, as well as regulatory institutions on the likelihood of internationalised SMEs transitioning into mMNEs. Specifically, this study investigates two primary relationships: (1) the direct influence of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking on mMNEs and (2) the moderating role of regulatory institutions on the association between EO and mMNEs. Drawing on a survey of 253 Malaysian internationalised SMEs and employing logistic regression analysis, the findings indicate that proactiveness and a propensity for risk-taking facilitate the adoption of higher-commitment entry modes. Additionally, supportive regulatory institutions enhance the likelihood of SMEs with high proactiveness and risk-taking propensity becoming mMNEs. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of how both internal factors (EO) and external factors (regulatory institutions) play crucial roles in explaining mMNEs behaviour.

对国际新兴企业,尤其是新生的全球性企业的研究,一直在中小企业的国际化过程中占据核心地位。尽管大量研究集中于中小企业的加速国际化,但对其进入模式的关注却较少。这种疏忽源于一种传统观念,即中小企业由于规模小,最适合只专注于出口。与这一观念相反,研究人员主张考虑更高的进入模式,如许可、特许经营和合资企业,从而提出了 "多式联运企业 "的概念来描述这一不断发展的国际化中小型企业类别。因此,未来的研究需要挑战中小型企业的传统观念,探索多式联运企业的决定因素。针对这一研究空白,本研究旨在探讨创业导向(EO)(包括创新性、主动性和冒险性)以及监管机构对国际化中小型企业转型为多式联运企业的可能性的影响。具体而言,本研究探讨了两个主要关系:(1)创新性、主动性和冒险性对多式联运企业的直接影响;(2)监管机构对创新性、主动性和冒险性与多式联运企业之间关系的调节作用。通过对 253 家马来西亚国际化中小型企业进行调查并采用逻辑回归分析,研究结果表明,积极主动和冒险倾向有助于采用高承诺进入模式。此外,支持性监管机构提高了高主动性和高冒险倾向的中小型企业成为多式联运企业的可能性。这些结果有助于深入理解内部因素(企业经营)和外部因素(监管机构)如何在解释多式联运企业行为中发挥关键作用。
{"title":"Micro-multinational enterprises in Malaysia: the role of entrepreneurial orientation and regulatory institutions","authors":"Tze Cheng Chew","doi":"10.1007/s10843-023-00344-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-023-00344-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The research on international new ventures, particularly born global enterprises, has consistently held a central position in the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While a surge of studies has focused on the accelerated internationalisation of SMEs, less attention has been given to their entry modes. This oversight is rooted in the traditional belief that SMEs, due to their small size, are best suited for exclusive concentration on exporting. Contrary to this notion, researchers advocate for the consideration of higher-commitment entry modes, such as licensing, franchising, and joint ventures, leading to the conceptualisation of ‘mMNEs’ to describe this evolving category of internationalised SMEs. Consequently, there is a call for future studies to challenge traditional perceptions of SMEs and explore the determinants of mMNEs. Addressing this research gap, this study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), encompassing innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking, as well as regulatory institutions on the likelihood of internationalised SMEs transitioning into mMNEs. Specifically, this study investigates two primary relationships: (1) the direct influence of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking on mMNEs and (2) the moderating role of regulatory institutions on the association between EO and mMNEs. Drawing on a survey of 253 Malaysian internationalised SMEs and employing logistic regression analysis, the findings indicate that proactiveness and a propensity for risk-taking facilitate the adoption of higher-commitment entry modes. Additionally, supportive regulatory institutions enhance the likelihood of SMEs with high proactiveness and risk-taking propensity becoming mMNEs. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of how both internal factors (EO) and external factors (regulatory institutions) play crucial roles in explaining mMNEs behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":51562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138819884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of social and cultural atmosphere on ethnic minority groups’ online entrepreneurship intention: A multi-group analysis on the gender gap 社会文化氛围对少数民族群体网络创业意向的影响:性别差距的多组分析
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00346-1
Lifu Li, Kyeong-Hee Kang
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引用次数: 0
Global mindset in the face of oil spill and COVID-19 catastrophes 面对石油泄漏和COVID-19灾难的全球思维
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00343-4
Adriana Mirelly Silva Spindola Correia, Yákara Vasconcelos Pereira

The global mindset (GM) has become a competitive differentiator for organizations in complex and constantly changing scenarios. Developing a GM contributes to achieving above-average business performance. This theoretical-empirical study aims to analyze how a GM influences the strategic actions adopted by international entrepreneurs running hotels and inns located in Porto de Galinhas (Brazil) in the face of two catastrophes: a regional oil spill and COVID-19. As a strategy, the study of multiple cases was adopted. A qualitative research approach was used in which documents were selected and semi-structured interviews were carried out with directors, company managers, and representatives of the Porto de Galinhas Hotel Association (AHPG) and Porto de Galinhas Convention & Visitors Bureau (PGACVB) who experienced the crisis. The oil spill occurred in the second half of 2019, and the COVID-19 pandemic started in March 2020. This study found that proactivity, global orientation, and the network are aspects of GM present in the four companies analyzed and that influence the differentiation and business strategy implemented in the lodging facilities; moreover, the proactivity of the GM is present among them. Such a relationship between differentiation and proactivity has not been reported in the literature; thus, in this research, this connection was considered as a finding. The premise that GM influences the strategies developed by international hotel and inn operators located in Porto de Galinhas and surroundings in the face of the oil spill and COVID-19 catastrophes was confirmed. Furthermore, gaps are identified that can be filled through the development of future research on the influence of the Global Corporate Mindset in the formation of business strategies in organizations from different economic segments.

在复杂和不断变化的情况下,全球思维(GM)已经成为组织的竞争差异化因素。发展总经理有助于实现高于平均水平的业务绩效。本理论实证研究旨在分析GM如何影响在巴西波尔图德加林纳斯(Porto de Galinhas)经营酒店和旅馆的国际企业家在面临两大灾难(区域性石油泄漏和COVID-19)时采取的战略行动。作为一种策略,我们采用了多案例研究。采用了定性研究方法,其中选择了文件,并与董事、公司经理和波尔图德加林哈斯酒店协会(AHPG)和波尔图德加林哈斯会议的代表进行了半结构化访谈;旅游局(PGACVB)谁经历了危机。漏油事件发生在2019年下半年,COVID-19大流行始于2020年3月。本研究发现,前瞻性、全球导向和网络是上述四家公司通用汽车的特征,它们影响着酒店的差异化和经营战略的实施;此外,GM的主动性也体现在其中。分化与主动性之间的这种关系尚未在文献中报道;因此,在本研究中,这种联系被认为是一个发现。GM影响了波尔图de Galinhas及周边地区的国际酒店和客栈运营商在面对石油泄漏和COVID-19灾难时制定的战略的前提得到了证实。此外,本文还发现了一些空白,这些空白可以通过未来关于全球企业思维对不同经济部门的组织形成商业战略的影响的研究来填补。
{"title":"Global mindset in the face of oil spill and COVID-19 catastrophes","authors":"Adriana Mirelly Silva Spindola Correia, Yákara Vasconcelos Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s10843-023-00343-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-023-00343-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global mindset (GM) has become a competitive differentiator for organizations in complex and constantly changing scenarios. Developing a GM contributes to achieving above-average business performance. This theoretical-empirical study aims to analyze how a GM influences the strategic actions adopted by international entrepreneurs running hotels and inns located in Porto de Galinhas (Brazil) in the face of two catastrophes: a regional oil spill and COVID-19. As a strategy, the study of multiple cases was adopted. A qualitative research approach was used in which documents were selected and semi-structured interviews were carried out with directors, company managers, and representatives of the Porto de Galinhas Hotel Association (AHPG) and Porto de Galinhas Convention &amp; Visitors Bureau (PGACVB) who experienced the crisis. The oil spill occurred in the second half of 2019, and the COVID-19 pandemic started in March 2020. This study found that proactivity, global orientation, and the network are aspects of GM present in the four companies analyzed and that influence the differentiation and business strategy implemented in the lodging facilities; moreover, the proactivity of the GM is present among them. Such a relationship between differentiation and proactivity has not been reported in the literature; thus, in this research, this connection was considered as a finding. The premise that GM influences the strategies developed by international hotel and inn operators located in Porto de Galinhas and surroundings in the face of the oil spill and COVID-19 catastrophes was confirmed. Furthermore, gaps are identified that can be filled through the development of future research on the influence of the Global Corporate Mindset in the formation of business strategies in organizations from different economic segments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Entrepreneurship","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The emerging new architecture in international entrepreneurship: Dynamic impacts of business models transformation favoring accelerated internationalization of smaller enterprises 新兴的国际创业新架构:有利于小企业加速国际化的商业模式转型的动态影响
Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00341-6
Hamid Etemad
{"title":"The emerging new architecture in international entrepreneurship: Dynamic impacts of business models transformation favoring accelerated internationalization of smaller enterprises","authors":"Hamid Etemad","doi":"10.1007/s10843-023-00341-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-023-00341-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Entrepreneurship","volume":" 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unlocking the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and international performance: A systematic review 解开创业导向与国际绩效之间的关系:系统综述
IF 3.3 Q2 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10843-023-00340-7
Yang Lu, Peixin Zuo, J. C. Alves, Jinliang Wang
{"title":"Unlocking the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and international performance: A systematic review","authors":"Yang Lu, Peixin Zuo, J. C. Alves, Jinliang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10843-023-00340-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-023-00340-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51562,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Entrepreneurship","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44567388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of International Entrepreneurship
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