Journal of International Entrepreneurship最新文献

The knowledge-intensive innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems literature is evolving in quantity and popularity in academia. Assuming that the studies on these themes are closely related and are still under development, this research seeks to determine how the intellectual framework of knowledge-intensive innovative entrepreneurship (KIE) is framed. The goal is to map bibliographic production by referring to the knowledge-intensive innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem. We adopted the bibliometric method of citation and cocitation to analyze scientific publications from 2010 to 2020 in journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. An exploratory factor analysis identified three clusters by stimulating the creation of new ventures and knowledge flow and sharing. The first cluster alludes to the impact of knowledge on economic activities; the second explores the entrepreneurial ecosystem; and the third is more heterogeneous and leads to the theoretical and critical aspects of KIE. This study provides an opportunity to analyze the relationship between knowledge-intensive innovation and the entrepreneurship ecosystem. Thus, this study may guide researchers to access the microfoundations of knowledge-intensive innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems in their future studies once it reveals seminal research on this specific domain.

Financial technology (fintech) startups have emerged as a compelling and digital alternative within the financial industry. However, the expansion is crucial because without proper regulation, the emergence of fintech in any country can potentially jeopardize its financial stability. In this empirical work, we analyze the emergence of fintech startups in the financial industry of a set of countries, focusing on human capital elements and regulatory environments. The study proposes a positive effect of a country’s knowledge-based capabilities on the creation of fintech startups through the country’s entrepreneurial absorptive capacity by adopting the theoretical framework of the Absorptive Capacity Theory of Knowledge Spillover Entrepreneurship. Moreover, we argue that the regulatory framework also plays a significant role in moderating the impact of entrepreneurial absorptive capacity on the establishment of fintech startups in any given country. We test our theoretical predictions using ordinary least squares and negative binomial regressions on a sample of 56 countries during the period 2008–2017. Our study demonstrates that the regulatory framework, previously regarded as a direct factor influencing fintech startup creation, also plays a significant role in moderating the impact of entrepreneurial absorptive capacity on the establishment of fintech startups. Furthermore, we find that this role may be influenced by the level of corruption in the economy and the specific types of fintech firms. These findings highlight that the drivers of fintech company creation are interconnected and work in conjunction to provide entrepreneurs with appropriate incentives to initiate new fintech ventures.

Abstract

The current study addresses the formal and informal board leadership roles in new high-tech firms. Overall, we find that board leadership affects international engagements in idiosyncratic ways. Initially, we conjectured that the board leadership role structure would influence time to new markets, but the leadership role structure fails to do so, which indicates that neither a divided board leadership structure nor a dual board leadership structure matters. Instead, we find that the facilitating role of board chair leadership does. Although board chair leadership efficacy has a deliberating effect, we find it to have an interactive effect with a more resourceful board, indicating that efficacious leadership is more important than we typically would expect. Noteworthy, these dynamic interactions not only contribute to advancing new high-tech firms, but also contribute to shaping a resilient high-tech entrepreneurial ecosystem from within.

This article examines the rapidly changing environment of international entrepreneurship. The force behind the change is diverse comprising environmental, socio-economic, and technological, including the emergence of intelligent robotics, 3-D printing, the Internet of all things (IOTs), generative artificial intelligence (AI), and the rapid transformation the WWW to WWW.03, amongst other evolving forces, each with profound impact on the iSMEs embedding ecosystems and operating environment. Introduction briefly introduces a selective list of the influential forces and a range of their potential affects, while the “Further development and literature review” section further examines them within their respective contexts of the emerging crises, and their operational, strategic, and theoretical frameworks as the unfolding influential forces evolve with challenging impacts on the internationalized, or internationalizing, SMEs’ (iSMEs’) pool of capabilities and resources with direct effects on their global competitiveness, and growth at home and internationally. The “Discussion” section, in three parts, explores the combined effects of forces of change on the iSMEs’ top management team (TMT) to analyse their strategic posture, the potency of their firm’ resources, and dynamic capabilities, to take potent decisions for leading to potentially non-trivial organizational and strategic change, including fundamental business model innovation (BMI). “Conclusions, implication, and suggestions” further examines the adverse impacts of the recent crises in three parts, ranging from the 2008–2009 global financial crisis (GFC), COVID pandemic, and the unfolding challenges of the climatic change as discussed in the recent COP 28 meetings, and its suggestion for undertaking remedial actions at the corporate, social, and public policy levels. Combined, the necessary change my result in significant architectural and structural change in many common worldwide aspects without sparing anyone, anything, and any location.

This study aimed to identify some of the main characteristics of strategic behavior in micro and small technology–based firms in Brazil and consisted of two phases. The former involved a survey of 104 micro and small technology–based firms, with results obtained using multivariate statistical techniques. The latter involved five case studies, with information collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results indicated that micro and small technology–based firms operate in sectors with significant levels of dynamism and uncertainty and exhibit strategic behavior based on the adoption (or implementation) of competitive and innovation strategies, structuring of R&D departments, and R&D investments to meet customer needs. The influence of dynamic capabilities on the innovation process may enable micro and small technology–based firms operating in uncertain and dynamic sectors to sense external opportunities and seize and reconfigure organizational resources to exploit external opportunities for competitive advantages.

Entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a key driver of economic development. At the same time, entrepreneurship is also affected by the economic conditions of the regions where it evolves. In the literature, negative impacts on entrepreneurial performance have been linked to the 2008 financial crisis in the European Union (EU). However, not enough evidence has been provided to support this assertion. To fill this gap, we tested the relationship between economic, social, and government conditions and entrepreneurial performance. We did this for opportunity entrepreneurship (OPP), necessity entrepreneurship (NEC), and total entrepreneurial activity (TEA), for the period 2003–2018, which covers before, during, and after the financial crisis. We considered 21 EU countries and applied descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses. Our results demonstrate that (a) there is a positive and significant correlation between NEC and OPP, GDP per capita and OPP, unemployment and TEA, gender ratio and age, gender ratio and education, education and TEA, population and NEC, government indicators and GDP per capita, and government expenditure and NEC, and a negative and significant correlation between GDP per capita and TEA and (b) economic and government conditions had a negative impact on TEA, in contrast to a positive and negative impact on NEC. Social conditions are mixed for TEA and NEC and positive for OPP. The effects on economic conditions were mixed for OPP. Therefore, our study impacts practitioners by demonstrating the factors that do or do not impact entrepreneurial activity in the EU. Additionally, our study expands upon previously analyzed factors that influence entrepreneurial performance, promoting value and originality in the area.

The research on international new ventures, particularly born global enterprises, has consistently held a central position in the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While a surge of studies has focused on the accelerated internationalisation of SMEs, less attention has been given to their entry modes. This oversight is rooted in the traditional belief that SMEs, due to their small size, are best suited for exclusive concentration on exporting. Contrary to this notion, researchers advocate for the consideration of higher-commitment entry modes, such as licensing, franchising, and joint ventures, leading to the conceptualisation of ‘mMNEs’ to describe this evolving category of internationalised SMEs. Consequently, there is a call for future studies to challenge traditional perceptions of SMEs and explore the determinants of mMNEs. Addressing this research gap, this study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), encompassing innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking, as well as regulatory institutions on the likelihood of internationalised SMEs transitioning into mMNEs. Specifically, this study investigates two primary relationships: (1) the direct influence of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking on mMNEs and (2) the moderating role of regulatory institutions on the association between EO and mMNEs. Drawing on a survey of 253 Malaysian internationalised SMEs and employing logistic regression analysis, the findings indicate that proactiveness and a propensity for risk-taking facilitate the adoption of higher-commitment entry modes. Additionally, supportive regulatory institutions enhance the likelihood of SMEs with high proactiveness and risk-taking propensity becoming mMNEs. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of how both internal factors (EO) and external factors (regulatory institutions) play crucial roles in explaining mMNEs behaviour.