Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.45100.3712
Z. Bargard, A. Najafpoor, Hoseein Alidadi, Muhammad Pazira, Mohamad Mahdi Ejtehadi, Vahid Ghavami, M. Sarkhosh
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in the air of the pediatric burn ward. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, two active and passive sampling methods were used simultaneously to evaluate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols. In 2019, sampling was performed once every six days, according to the sampling guideline developed by the 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results According to the EU GMP standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the burn ward were in grades C and D, respectively. According to this standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. According to the EU GMP standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the pediatric burn ward were in grade C. According to this standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. Conclusion Given the importance of preventing infection in patients with burns and preventing deaths caused by infections in these patients, especially in children with burns, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of bioaerosols in developing nosocomial infections in burn patients.
{"title":"Microbial Air Monitoring in the Pediatric Burn Ward: Experience at the University Hospital of Mashhad, Iran","authors":"Z. Bargard, A. Najafpoor, Hoseein Alidadi, Muhammad Pazira, Mohamad Mahdi Ejtehadi, Vahid Ghavami, M. Sarkhosh","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.45100.3712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.45100.3712","url":null,"abstract":"Background The aim of this study was to investigate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in the air of the pediatric burn ward. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, two active and passive sampling methods were used simultaneously to evaluate the density and type of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols. In 2019, sampling was performed once every six days, according to the sampling guideline developed by the 2019 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). Results According to the EU GMP standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the burn ward were in grades C and D, respectively. According to this standard, in the active method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. According to the EU GMP standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the indoor air of the pediatric burn ward were in grade C. According to this standard, in the passive method, bacterial and fungal contaminations in the outdoor air of the burn ward were in grade C. Conclusion Given the importance of preventing infection in patients with burns and preventing deaths caused by infections in these patients, especially in children with burns, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of bioaerosols in developing nosocomial infections in burn patients.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"14061-14075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45553506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.56747.4458
S. Shiva, M. Barzegar, Monireh Rashidzadeh
Background Arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is an important cause of neurological disabilities, such as hemiparesis, epilepsy, and cognitive dysfunction in children. This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, and neuroimages of pediatric patients with AIS. Materials and Methods: In a cross sectional study all of 73 patients admitted to Tabriz children’s hospital with the diagnosis of Ischemic stroke between 2014 and 2019 were enrolled in the study and follow up for at least one year after discharge. Stroke was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and compatible Brain CT scan and MRI, or MRV/MRA and then Para clinical assessment were done. Results: Male predominance in the present have been observed with male/female ratio of 1.28. AIS was common in younger age (79.4% 0.05). Conclusion With careful investigation, in most of the children underlying risk factors could be found. Based on the results, acute illness and cardiac disorders were the most frequent risk factors in pediatric stroke. However, some of these risk factors (such as anemia, infection, and dehydration) which are relatively common in the pediatric population were preventable.
{"title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children Admitted to Tabriz Children’s Hospital, Tabriz, Iran during (2014-2019)","authors":"S. Shiva, M. Barzegar, Monireh Rashidzadeh","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.56747.4458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.56747.4458","url":null,"abstract":"Background Arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is an important cause of neurological disabilities, such as hemiparesis, epilepsy, and cognitive dysfunction in children. This study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, and neuroimages of pediatric patients with AIS. Materials and Methods: In a cross sectional study all of 73 patients admitted to Tabriz children’s hospital with the diagnosis of Ischemic stroke between 2014 and 2019 were enrolled in the study and follow up for at least one year after discharge. Stroke was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and compatible Brain CT scan and MRI, or MRV/MRA and then Para clinical assessment were done. Results: Male predominance in the present have been observed with male/female ratio of 1.28. AIS was common in younger age (79.4% 0.05). Conclusion With careful investigation, in most of the children underlying risk factors could be found. Based on the results, acute illness and cardiac disorders were the most frequent risk factors in pediatric stroke. However, some of these risk factors (such as anemia, infection, and dehydration) which are relatively common in the pediatric population were preventable.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13887-13894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45464620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background According to education experts, learning the concepts and topics of the information technology age is influenced by the five minds introduced by Gardner, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to these five minds in educational centers and identify the factors affecting it. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between individual, educational, social and cultural factors with five minds among student teachers. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive-analytical research and its statistical population included all student teachers of Farhangian University of Kerman, Iran, in 2020. A total of 400 people were selected by stratified random sampling. The data collection tool included two researcher-made questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression in SPSS ver. 25. Results The results showed a positive and significant relationship between individual, educational, social and cultural factors with Gardner's five minds, so that these four factors simultaneously (R2adj = 422) explain the variance of the five minds. Moreover, the most important predictors of the five minds of student teachers are individual factors (β = 0.266, p = 0.001), social factors (β = 0.229, p = 0.001), and educational factors (β = 0.20, p =0.001), and cultural factors (β= 0.166, p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Based on the research results, individual, educational, social factors and cultural factors were the predictors of five minds among the student teachers.
{"title":"Predicting Five Minds Based On Individual, Educational, Social and Cultural Factors among Student Teachers","authors":"Zohreh Saeid, H. Tavakoli, Amanallah Soltanimani, Zahra Zeinaddiny Meymand, Mitra Kamyabi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57756.4529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57756.4529","url":null,"abstract":"Background According to education experts, learning the concepts and topics of the information technology age is influenced by the five minds introduced by Gardner, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to these five minds in educational centers and identify the factors affecting it. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between individual, educational, social and cultural factors with five minds among student teachers. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive-analytical research and its statistical population included all student teachers of Farhangian University of Kerman, Iran, in 2020. A total of 400 people were selected by stratified random sampling. The data collection tool included two researcher-made questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression in SPSS ver. 25. Results The results showed a positive and significant relationship between individual, educational, social and cultural factors with Gardner's five minds, so that these four factors simultaneously (R2adj = 422) explain the variance of the five minds. Moreover, the most important predictors of the five minds of student teachers are individual factors (β = 0.266, p = 0.001), social factors (β = 0.229, p = 0.001), and educational factors (β = 0.20, p =0.001), and cultural factors (β= 0.166, p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Based on the research results, individual, educational, social factors and cultural factors were the predictors of five minds among the student teachers.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13915-13924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45275062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.57186.4485
F. Sajadi, Mohammad Rostamizadeh, Jelveh Hasheminejad, Naimeh Hasheminejad, R. Borna, M. Bazrafshani
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chlorhexidine, fluoride and green tea gel on salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus in children. Materials and Methods: The present single-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 60 children aged 4- 6 years in pediatric dental clinic of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, in 2019. Children randomly were divided into three groups of 20. In each group, one of green tea 5% gel, chlorhexidine 2% gel or fluoride 0.2% gel was applied to teeth of children for five minutes before spitting out. Unstimulated saliva samples were taken from children before intervention, 30 minutes and one week after gel applications. Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction method was used for counting bacteria. Flavor acceptability of each gel was also recorded using the Visual Analogue Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Participants were equally distributed in terms of gender and the mean DMFT score was not different between three groups. Green tea 5%, chlorhexidine 2% and fluoride 0.2% gel reduced the count of salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus at 30 minutes and one week after intervention (P=0.000). Bacterial count increased one week after the application of chlorhexidine gel. However, a week after the application of green tea gel, the bacterial count was still less than what it was 30 minutes post application. The flavor acceptability of green tea was higher than chlorhexidine (P=0.007). Conclusion: The gel form of green tea, fluoride and chlorhexidine reduced salivary S. mutans count. However, the durability and flavor acceptance of green tea was more than chlorhexidine and fluoride gel.
背景:研究氯己定、氟化物和绿茶凝胶对儿童唾液变形链球菌和乳酸菌的影响。材料与方法:本单盲临床试验于2019年在伊朗克尔曼医科大学(Kerman University of Medical Sciences)儿科牙科诊所对60名4- 6岁儿童进行研究。孩子们被随机分成三组，每组20人。每组取绿茶5%凝胶、氯己定2%凝胶或氟化物0.2%凝胶各一种涂于患儿牙齿5分钟后吐出。在干预前、凝胶应用后30分钟和一周分别从儿童身上采集未受刺激的唾液样本。细菌计数采用实时定量聚合酶链式反应法。还使用视觉模拟量表记录了每种凝胶的风味可接受性。数据分析采用SPSS 21.0版软件。结果:参与者在性别上分布均匀，三组间DMFT平均得分无差异。5%绿茶、2%氯己定和0.2%氟化物凝胶在干预后30分钟和1周降低了唾液中变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌的计数(P=0.000)。使用氯己定凝胶1周后细菌计数增加。然而，在使用绿茶凝胶一周后，细菌数量仍然比使用后30分钟要少。绿茶的风味接受度高于氯己定(P=0.007)。结论:绿茶、氟化物和氯己定凝胶能降低唾液中变形链球菌的数量。然而，绿茶的持久性和风味接受度比氯己定和氟化物凝胶要好。
{"title":"Effect of Chlorhexidine, Fluoride and Green Tea Oral Gel on Pediatric Salivary Cariogenic Bacteria: A Clinical Trial Study","authors":"F. Sajadi, Mohammad Rostamizadeh, Jelveh Hasheminejad, Naimeh Hasheminejad, R. Borna, M. Bazrafshani","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57186.4485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57186.4485","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chlorhexidine, fluoride and green tea gel on salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus in children. Materials and Methods: The present single-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 60 children aged 4- 6 years in pediatric dental clinic of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, in 2019. Children randomly were divided into three groups of 20. In each group, one of green tea 5% gel, chlorhexidine 2% gel or fluoride 0.2% gel was applied to teeth of children for five minutes before spitting out. Unstimulated saliva samples were taken from children before intervention, 30 minutes and one week after gel applications. Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction method was used for counting bacteria. Flavor acceptability of each gel was also recorded using the Visual Analogue Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Participants were equally distributed in terms of gender and the mean DMFT score was not different between three groups. Green tea 5%, chlorhexidine 2% and fluoride 0.2% gel reduced the count of salivary S. mutans and Lactobacillus at 30 minutes and one week after intervention (P=0.000). Bacterial count increased one week after the application of chlorhexidine gel. However, a week after the application of green tea gel, the bacterial count was still less than what it was 30 minutes post application. The flavor acceptability of green tea was higher than chlorhexidine (P=0.007). Conclusion: The gel form of green tea, fluoride and chlorhexidine reduced salivary S. mutans count. However, the durability and flavor acceptance of green tea was more than chlorhexidine and fluoride gel.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13947-13956"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48835170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.57592.4519
M. Ajalloueyan, Alireza Aghaz, Azam Mirdeharbab, Mahdieh Hasanalifard, M. Saeedi
Background Pragmatic skills of language are important for everyday life interactions. It has been proven that cochlear implantation age should be considered, as an important predictor of language skills in children with cochlear implantation (CI), but information about the benefits of early cochlear implantation on pragmatic language development in these children are very few. Thus, this study intends to compare pragmatic skills as well as speech intelligibility in prelingual deaf children who received cochlear implants before the age of 6 years and those who received cochlear implants after the age of 6 years with an 8-year follow-up. Materials and Methods: This Retrospective 8-year longitudinal study was conducted in a cochlear implant center in the city of Tehran, Iran, in 2021. Forty-five children were included in two groups: early cochlear implant (n = 17), and early cochlear implant (n = 28). The Persian version of the children's communication checklist (CCC) was used to assess the participants 'pragmatic skills and the Persian version of the Intelligibility Context Scale (ICS) was used to assess the participants' speech intelligibility. Results: The two study groups did not show a significant difference in terms of pragmatic scores (P>0.05) but had a significant difference in terms of ISC scores (p 0.05). Conclusion The long-term results of early and late cochlear implants were similar in terms of the development of pragmatic skills but very different in terms of speech intelligibility. The age of cochlear implantation had no effect on the pragmatic of language.
{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Cochlear Implant on the Pragmatic Skills and Speech Intelligibility in Persian-Speaking Children","authors":"M. Ajalloueyan, Alireza Aghaz, Azam Mirdeharbab, Mahdieh Hasanalifard, M. Saeedi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57592.4519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57592.4519","url":null,"abstract":"Background Pragmatic skills of language are important for everyday life interactions. It has been proven that cochlear implantation age should be considered, as an important predictor of language skills in children with cochlear implantation (CI), but information about the benefits of early cochlear implantation on pragmatic language development in these children are very few. Thus, this study intends to compare pragmatic skills as well as speech intelligibility in prelingual deaf children who received cochlear implants before the age of 6 years and those who received cochlear implants after the age of 6 years with an 8-year follow-up. Materials and Methods: This Retrospective 8-year longitudinal study was conducted in a cochlear implant center in the city of Tehran, Iran, in 2021. Forty-five children were included in two groups: early cochlear implant (n = 17), and early cochlear implant (n = 28). The Persian version of the children's communication checklist (CCC) was used to assess the participants 'pragmatic skills and the Persian version of the Intelligibility Context Scale (ICS) was used to assess the participants' speech intelligibility. Results: The two study groups did not show a significant difference in terms of pragmatic scores (P>0.05) but had a significant difference in terms of ISC scores (p 0.05). Conclusion The long-term results of early and late cochlear implants were similar in terms of the development of pragmatic skills but very different in terms of speech intelligibility. The age of cochlear implantation had no effect on the pragmatic of language.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"14033-14041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.55966.4403
Karthik Badarayan, J. Oswal, S. Kansurkar, R. Jahagirdar
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory condition presenting with high grade fever, arthralgia, skin rash, and leukocytosis. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is commonly seen in females in their third to fifth decade and usually missed to screen in other autoimmune diseases. In this study, the case of a 17-year-old female patient from Pune is reported who presented to Bharati hospital in November 2020, with a six-month history of high-grade fever, arthritis, and elevated acute phase reactants along with hypothyroidism. She was diagnosed with AOSD (based on Yamaguchi criteria) and AITD with positive anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies. She responded well to oral steroids and thyroid supplements. This case draws attention to the rare association between AOSD and AITD.
{"title":"Rare Association of Adult Onset Still’s Disease with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Case Report","authors":"Karthik Badarayan, J. Oswal, S. Kansurkar, R. Jahagirdar","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.55966.4403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.55966.4403","url":null,"abstract":"Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory condition presenting with high grade fever, arthralgia, skin rash, and leukocytosis. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is commonly seen in females in their third to fifth decade and usually missed to screen in other autoimmune diseases. In this study, the case of a 17-year-old female patient from Pune is reported who presented to Bharati hospital in November 2020, with a six-month history of high-grade fever, arthritis, and elevated acute phase reactants along with hypothyroidism. She was diagnosed with AOSD (based on Yamaguchi criteria) and AITD with positive anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies. She responded well to oral steroids and thyroid supplements. This case draws attention to the rare association between AOSD and AITD.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13971-13975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44923025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-19DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.54629.4316
Azadeh Seyd Mohammadkhani, A. Khakshour, N. Ghaemi, H. Kianifar, Z. Shaye, S. Bagheri, Samaneh Norooziasl, Z. Sheikhi
Background: Hyperglycemic stress is a transient increase in blood glucose during an acute physiological stress in the absence of diabetes. In children, blood glucose level of >150 mg/dl is considered as hyperglycemia. The aim of the study was determining the Frequency of hyperglycemic stress based on the underlying diseases in patients referred to emergency department of one pediatric hospital in Mashhad-Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients referred to the pediatric emergency department of Akbar Hospital without receiving any medication or serum containing glucose were evaluated. Information of the patients such as age, sex, blood glucose level, vital signs, body temperature, initial diagnosis and the type of disease, seizures, dehydration, and treatment received for hyperglycemia were recorded. Body temperature, dehydration and seizures were also re-evaluated 48 hours after admission. Chi-square test was used to compare the qualitative variables. For quantitative statistical analysis, after examining the normality of the variables by Smirnov Kolmogorov tests, Pearson correlation test and its nonparametric equivalent were used in case of normal and non-normal distribution of data, respectively.Results: In this study, 201 patients including 120 boys (59.7%) and 81 girls (40.3%) with mean age of 3.01 ± 3.03 years (age range 2 months to 15 years) were enrolled. Findings showed that type of disease has no correlation with hyperglycemia, but temperature and dehydration are directly associated with hyperglycemia. Also, no connection was found between convulsion and the risk of increased glucose level, Conclusion: The severity of disease, high body temperature and dehydration rate are important risk factors in the rate and severity of hyperglycemia.
{"title":"Frequency of hyperglycemic stress in patients referred to emergency department of Akbar hospital in Mashhad depending on type of disease","authors":"Azadeh Seyd Mohammadkhani, A. Khakshour, N. Ghaemi, H. Kianifar, Z. Shaye, S. Bagheri, Samaneh Norooziasl, Z. Sheikhi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.54629.4316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.54629.4316","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hyperglycemic stress is a transient increase in blood glucose during an acute physiological stress in the absence of diabetes. In children, blood glucose level of >150 mg/dl is considered as hyperglycemia. The aim of the study was determining the Frequency of hyperglycemic stress based on the underlying diseases in patients referred to emergency department of one pediatric hospital in Mashhad-Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients referred to the pediatric emergency department of Akbar Hospital without receiving any medication or serum containing glucose were evaluated. Information of the patients such as age, sex, blood glucose level, vital signs, body temperature, initial diagnosis and the type of disease, seizures, dehydration, and treatment received for hyperglycemia were recorded. Body temperature, dehydration and seizures were also re-evaluated 48 hours after admission. Chi-square test was used to compare the qualitative variables. For quantitative statistical analysis, after examining the normality of the variables by Smirnov Kolmogorov tests, Pearson correlation test and its nonparametric equivalent were used in case of normal and non-normal distribution of data, respectively.Results: In this study, 201 patients including 120 boys (59.7%) and 81 girls (40.3%) with mean age of 3.01 ± 3.03 years (age range 2 months to 15 years) were enrolled. Findings showed that type of disease has no correlation with hyperglycemia, but temperature and dehydration are directly associated with hyperglycemia. Also, no connection was found between convulsion and the risk of increased glucose level, Conclusion: The severity of disease, high body temperature and dehydration rate are important risk factors in the rate and severity of hyperglycemia.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46894236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.54669.4317
Sahar Roozbahani, M. Dolatian, Z. Mahmoodi, Atefeh Zandifar, H. A. Majd
Background: Postpartum psychiatric disorders are a key concept in maternal-infant mental health, and determining the related factors is necessary. We aimed to determine the relationship between postpartum mental health and social-structural determinants of health in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all Persian and English observational studies in Iran carried out through advanced search in online databases such as Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, SID and Magiran, as well as the Google Scholar between 2005 and 2020, using keywords of social determinants, structural factors, socio-economic status, risk factors, mental health, postpartum, Iran, and their English equivalents were obtained from MESH. Article quality was assessed using the standard Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Out of 56 eligible articles (sample size: 36,515), 49 articles reported the prevalence of postpartum depression and one article reported the prevalence of postpartum psychosis. The lowest and highest prevalence of postpartum depression was between 4.8-68.5% using the Edinburgh tool in 2014-2017 and using the Beck tool between 3-78.27% in 2013-2014. Structurally significant effective factors on postpartum depression were identified including mother's age, mother's education, father's education, mother's job, father's job, family economic status (income adequacy), ethnicity and race, social class, culture, and religion, and in the field of postpartum psychosis, age, level of education, and mother's job. The most common structural determinant related to postpartum mental health was education and the least factor was related to social class. Conclusion: Due to the effects of numerous related factors on common postpartum mental disorders, it is suggested that longitudinal studies be conducted to investigate the role of all the known factors, especially Intermediate factors, on postpartum mental health.
背景:产后精神障碍是母婴心理健康的一个重要概念，确定相关因素是必要的。我们的目的是确定产后心理健康与伊朗健康的社会结构决定因素之间的关系。材料和方法:在本系统综述中，通过Medline、Scopus、Web of Science、EMBASE、SID和Magiran等在线数据库以及谷歌Scholar，在2005年至2020年期间，使用社会决定因素、结构因素、社会经济地位、风险因素、心理健康、产后、伊朗等关键词，从MESH中获得伊朗的所有波斯语和英语观察性研究。采用标准纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评估文章质量。结果:在56篇符合条件的文章(样本量:36,515)中，49篇报道了产后抑郁症的患病率，1篇报道了产后精神病的患病率。2014-2017年使用Edinburgh工具的产后抑郁患病率最低为4.8-68.5%，2013-2014年使用Beck工具的产后抑郁患病率最高为3-78.27%。产后抑郁的结构性显著影响因素包括母亲的年龄、母亲的受教育程度、父亲的受教育程度、母亲的工作、父亲的工作、家庭经济状况(收入充足性)、民族和种族、社会阶层、文化和宗教，以及产后精神病领域的年龄、受教育程度和母亲的工作。与产后心理健康相关的最常见的结构性决定因素是教育，与社会阶层相关的因素最少。结论:常见产后心理障碍的相关因素众多，建议对所有已知因素，特别是中间因素对产后心理健康的影响进行纵向研究。
{"title":"Postpartum Mental Health and its Relationship with Social-Structural Determinants of Health in Iran with the Approach of the World Health Organization Model: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sahar Roozbahani, M. Dolatian, Z. Mahmoodi, Atefeh Zandifar, H. A. Majd","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.54669.4317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.54669.4317","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postpartum psychiatric disorders are a key concept in maternal-infant mental health, and determining the related factors is necessary. We aimed to determine the relationship between postpartum mental health and social-structural determinants of health in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, all Persian and English observational studies in Iran carried out through advanced search in online databases such as Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, SID and Magiran, as well as the Google Scholar between 2005 and 2020, using keywords of social determinants, structural factors, socio-economic status, risk factors, mental health, postpartum, Iran, and their English equivalents were obtained from MESH. Article quality was assessed using the standard Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Out of 56 eligible articles (sample size: 36,515), 49 articles reported the prevalence of postpartum depression and one article reported the prevalence of postpartum psychosis. The lowest and highest prevalence of postpartum depression was between 4.8-68.5% using the Edinburgh tool in 2014-2017 and using the Beck tool between 3-78.27% in 2013-2014. Structurally significant effective factors on postpartum depression were identified including mother's age, mother's education, father's education, mother's job, father's job, family economic status (income adequacy), ethnicity and race, social class, culture, and religion, and in the field of postpartum psychosis, age, level of education, and mother's job. The most common structural determinant related to postpartum mental health was education and the least factor was related to social class. Conclusion: Due to the effects of numerous related factors on common postpartum mental disorders, it is suggested that longitudinal studies be conducted to investigate the role of all the known factors, especially Intermediate factors, on postpartum mental health.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13703-13729"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45749515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.56871.4455
Sepideh Nematollah, Maryam Zadahmad, Mohammad Reza Javadani, Mahin Ghaheri, J. Jafari, S. Moussavi
Background Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk of clinically significant anxiety, which can be related to lower treatment adherence and poorer health outcomes. So, it is associated with poor psychosocial and quality of life outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Viktor Frankl's Logo therapy on the mental health of pediatric patients with CF. Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental based on pretest and posttest with a control group. The population under study includes pediatric patients with CF referring to Emam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2018-19. The range of the participants’ age was between 12 and 16 years. The sample size was selected based on the convenience sampling method. The participants divided randomly into two groups: experimental, n=11 and control n=11. Participants in both experimental and control group completed questionnaires on The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) before and after training. Treatment process for 45 minutes a week was applied among experimental group. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the patient's age in this study were 15.83± 0.87 years old. The results of this research showed that the score of mental health in the experimental group (25±6.8) increased after the intervention training (p <0.01), compared the control group. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the effectiveness of logo therapy in fostering mental health among pediatric cystic fibrosis patients with a mean age of 13-18 years was approved after nine sessions, 45 minutes once a week. According to the results, logo therapy helped children with cystic fibrosis improve their mental health.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Viktor Frankl's Logo therapy on the Mental Health of Pediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis","authors":"Sepideh Nematollah, Maryam Zadahmad, Mohammad Reza Javadani, Mahin Ghaheri, J. Jafari, S. Moussavi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.56871.4455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.56871.4455","url":null,"abstract":"Background Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk of clinically significant anxiety, which can be related to lower treatment adherence and poorer health outcomes. So, it is associated with poor psychosocial and quality of life outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Viktor Frankl's Logo therapy on the mental health of pediatric patients with CF. Materials and Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental based on pretest and posttest with a control group. The population under study includes pediatric patients with CF referring to Emam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2018-19. The range of the participants’ age was between 12 and 16 years. The sample size was selected based on the convenience sampling method. The participants divided randomly into two groups: experimental, n=11 and control n=11. Participants in both experimental and control group completed questionnaires on The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) before and after training. Treatment process for 45 minutes a week was applied among experimental group. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the patient's age in this study were 15.83± 0.87 years old. The results of this research showed that the score of mental health in the experimental group (25±6.8) increased after the intervention training (p <0.01), compared the control group. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the effectiveness of logo therapy in fostering mental health among pediatric cystic fibrosis patients with a mean age of 13-18 years was approved after nine sessions, 45 minutes once a week. According to the results, logo therapy helped children with cystic fibrosis improve their mental health.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13803-13810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46430761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2020.53117.4209
A. Panwar, A. Taksande, Syed Athhar Saqqaf, R. Meshram
Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is an autosomal dominant disorder, a mutation in TBX5 gene located on chromosome 12 (12q24.1) involving the upper limb and the heart, causing malformations like atrial septal defect. Herein, we report a rare case of HOS with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in a three-year-old child.
{"title":"Atypical Presentation of Holt-Oram syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"A. Panwar, A. Taksande, Syed Athhar Saqqaf, R. Meshram","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2020.53117.4209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2020.53117.4209","url":null,"abstract":"Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is an autosomal dominant disorder, a mutation in TBX5 gene located on chromosome 12 (12q24.1) involving the upper limb and the heart, causing malformations like atrial septal defect. Herein, we report a rare case of HOS with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in a three-year-old child.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"13731-13735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49265251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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