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The Marland Report: A Defining Moment in Gifted Education 马兰报告:资优教育的决定性时刻
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2022-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211064366
J. Jolly, Jennifer H. Robins
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引用次数: 3
School‐Based Leadership Talent Development: An Examination of Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Participation and Postsecondary Plans 校本领导人才培养:初级预备役军官训练团参与与大专计划考察
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211063937
M. S. Meyer, Anne N. Rinn
In 1972, the Marland Report included leadership as a domain of giftedness in the first federal definition. Although federal and state descriptions of gifted and talented services still include identifying and developing leadership talent, in many states, services are not mandated or funded. Consequently, leadership development is often left to extracurricular programs (e.g., student organizations, athletics). The Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (JROTC) provides school-based military-focused leadership education and opportunities to apply emergent leadership skills. This qualitative study examined leadership talent development in JROTC and the postsecondary paths participants chose. A self-report survey was distributed to graduating seniors enrolled in JROTC in Texas public high schools. The findings highlighted characteristics of students who chose to pursue military-focused education or careers after high school and themes about their leadership development experiences in JROTC. Students benefitted from opportunities for career-related identity exploration, a culture that supported leadership development, and psychosocial skills coaching.
1972年,《马兰报告》(Marland Report)将领导力作为天赋的一个领域纳入了第一个联邦定义。尽管联邦和各州对天才服务的描述仍然包括识别和培养领导才能,但在许多州,这些服务并不是强制性的,也没有资金支持。因此,领导力发展往往被留给课外活动(例如,学生组织,体育运动)。初级预备役军官训练团(JROTC)提供以学校为基础的军事领导教育和应用紧急领导技能的机会。本质性研究考察了JROTC的领导才能发展和参与者选择的高等教育路径。一份自我报告调查被分发给德克萨斯州公立高中的JROTC毕业生。研究结果突出了高中毕业后选择以军事为重点的教育或职业的学生的特点,以及他们在JROTC的领导力发展经历的主题。学生们受益于与职业相关的身份探索机会、支持领导力发展的文化以及心理社会技能指导。
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引用次数: 1
What Longitudinal Research and Large-Scale Population Representative Studies Can Tell Us About Gifted Students and Education Policy 50 Years After the Marland Report 马兰报告50年后,纵向研究和大规模人口代表性研究能告诉我们关于资优学生和教育政策的什么
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2022-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211063942
Jonathan Wai, Lisa Bardach, Bich Tran
The Marland Report included many correct observations about gifted education. Some findings, for example, were based on Project Talent, a large‐scale population representative longitudinal study of the US high school population. This paper uses the intersection of cognitive aptitudes and gifted education as a framework and synthesizes studies using prospective longitudinal data from numerous sources. Additional retrospective data on US high achievers are reviewed, as are longitudinal findings from other countries. All these sources will be used to reevaluate a selected set of claims made in the Marland Report. Specifically, we explore (a) the definition and understanding of gifted students; (b) the identification of and longitudinal research on gifted students; and (c) we briefly discuss the context of the Marland Report in the wider history of education policy and reform in the US, including how to best support talented students using information from the field of education policy.
Marland报告包含了许多关于天才教育的正确观点。例如,一些发现是基于人才项目,这是一项针对美国高中人口的大规模人口代表性纵向研究。本文以认知能力和天才教育的交叉点为框架,利用来自多个来源的前瞻性纵向数据综合研究。对美国高成就者的其他回顾性数据以及其他国家的纵向研究结果进行了审查。所有这些来源将用于重新评估Marland报告中选定的一组索赔。具体而言,我们探讨(a)天才学生的定义和理解;(b) 资优学生的识别与纵向研究;以及(c)我们在美国教育政策和改革的更广泛历史中简要讨论了Marland报告的背景,包括如何利用教育政策领域的信息来最好地支持有才华的学生。
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引用次数: 0
Will We Ever Close the Gender Gap Among Top Mathematics Achievers? Analysis of Recent Trends by Race in Advanced Placement (AP) Exams 我们会缩小顶尖数学成就者的性别差距吗?按种族划分的高等教育(AP)考试近期趋势分析
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211044540
A. Bahar
Analyzing the test scores of more than 10,000,000 students who participated in the Advanced Placement (AP) math exams from 1997 to 2019, this study examined the direction and magnitude of the trend in gender disparity by race in participation in and top achievement on AP Calculus AB, Calculus BC, and Statistics exams. The results of this study indicated that, in general, females’ representation in all three AP exams increased significantly. Although the findings indicated that the female-to-male ratios (FMRs) in participation in the AP math exams increased significantly from 1997 to 2019 and favored females for all races, the gender disparities among top achievers for all math exams are still substantial. The relationships between the FMRs in participation and top achievement for all AP math exams were also analyzed within races, and the possible impacts of these findings within the context of the underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields were also discussed.
本研究分析了1997年至2019年参加高级预科(AP)数学考试的10000000多名学生的考试成绩,考察了在AP微积分AB、微积分BC和统计学考试中,按种族划分的性别差异趋势的方向和程度。这项研究的结果表明,总体而言,女性在所有三项AP考试中的代表性都显著增加。尽管研究结果表明,从1997年到2019年,参加AP数学考试的男女比例(FMR)显著增加,并且在所有种族中都有利于女性,但在所有数学考试中,成绩优异的学生之间的性别差异仍然很大。还分析了种族内参与所有AP数学考试的FMR与最高成绩之间的关系,并讨论了在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)领域女性代表性不足的背景下,这些发现可能产生的影响。
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引用次数: 2
The Coming Out Experiences of Gifted, LGBTQ Students: When, to Whom, and Why Not? 天赋异禀的LGBTQ学生的出柜经历:何时、向谁出柜、为什么不出柜?
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211044538
J. Tuite, L. Rubenstein, Serena J. Salloum
The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the coming out experiences of gifted LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning or queer) alumni from a residential gifted high school. First, we found that gifted LGBTQ alumni (N = 106) realized their sexual orientation/gender identity around 16.6 years old, which is similar to the general population. The year of high school graduation did not correlate with the age of initial realizations, or when they shared. On average, when the participants did share, they waited 2.1 years to share with friends and 3.4 years to share with family. Furthermore, they felt more comfortable sharing within the residential gifted high school than in their home schools. In general, LGBTQ alumni felt more autonomous, competent, and connected to the residential school. Finally, participants reported many barriers to coming out, including both internal struggles (e.g., uncertain themselves) and social fears (e.g., fear of alienation or harassment). These findings can provide guidance for school personnel as they develop effective, support systems.
这项探索性研究的目的是调查一所寄宿天才高中的天才LGBTQ(女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者和质疑或酷儿)校友的出柜经历。首先,我们发现有天赋的LGBTQ校友(N=106)在16.6岁左右意识到了自己的性取向/性别认同,这与普通人群相似。高中毕业的年份与最初认识的年龄或他们共同认识的时间无关。平均而言,当参与者分享时,他们等待2.1年才能与朋友分享,等待3.4年才能与家人分享。此外,他们觉得在寄宿的天才高中比在家里的学校更舒服。总的来说,LGBTQ校友觉得自己更自主、更有能力,并与寄宿学校建立了联系。最后,参与者报告了出柜的许多障碍,包括内部斗争(例如,不确定自己)和社会恐惧(例如,对疏远或骚扰的恐惧)。这些发现可以为学校工作人员开发有效的支持系统提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Reflections on Experiences at a Residential Science and Math High School: An Alumni Survey 对寄宿式科学与数学高中经历的思考——一项校友调查
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211044750
Hope E. Wilson
Residential Science High Schools (RSHS) for academically talented students that focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) provide opportunities for high school students to accelerate their education. This study examines the results of a retrospective survey from one RSHS, including alumni for more than 20 years after graduation. The results indicate that the alumni have high levels of educational attainment and careers in STEM fields. In addition, the alumni perceive their experiences at the RSHS to have been positive, and that the RSHS prepared them for their educational pursuits, careers, social experiences, and future leadership positions. Finally, although the alumni did report a drop in academic self-concept while they were in the program, this drop did not appear to have an effect on their long-term goals or educational attainment. The implications for this study are to support the use of radical acceleration in the form of residential schools for an educational intervention for academically talented high school students.
寄宿科学高中(RSHS)面向有学术天赋的学生,专注于科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM),为高中生提供了加快教育的机会。这项研究考察了一位RSHS的回顾性调查结果,其中包括毕业后20多年的校友。研究结果表明,这些校友在STEM领域具有较高的教育水平和职业生涯。此外,校友们认为他们在RSHS的经历是积极的,RSHS为他们的教育追求、职业、社会经历和未来的领导职位做好了准备。最后,尽管校友们在参加该项目期间确实报告了学业自我概念的下降,但这种下降似乎对他们的长期目标或教育成就没有影响。这项研究的意义是支持以寄宿学校的形式使用激进加速对有学术天赋的高中生进行教育干预。
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引用次数: 1
Problem Finding, Divergent Thinking, and Evaluative Thinking Among Gifted and Nongifted Students 资优与非资优学生的问题发现、发散性思维与评价性思维
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211044539
Ahmed M. Abdulla Alabbasi, Amnah S. M. Hafsyan, M. Runco, A. Alsaleh
Investigations of differences between gifted and nongifted students have examined cognitive abilities, including intelligence quotient (IQ) differences, higher order thinking skills, and divergent thinking (DT). However, little is known about differences in problem finding (PF). Moreover, previous works on gifted students have never explored associations between PF and evaluative thinking (ET). Both PF and ET play a role in the creative process. The present study tested relationships between PF, DT, and ET and examined differences between gifted (N = 175) and nongifted students (N = 188). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences between gifted and nongifted students’ PF, DT, and ET, with effect sizes (η2) ranging from 0.048 to 0.192. Gender differences were also analyzed; gifted girls scored significantly higher than gifted boys in PF fluency and originality, DT originality, and in ET in PF. Originality scores in DT and PF significantly predicted the accuracy of students’ ET (R2 = 34%–42%). Finally, canonical correlation analyses showed moderate-to-strong correlations between DT, PF, and ET scores. Limitations of this study are discussed.
对天才和非天才学生之间差异的调查考察了认知能力,包括智商差异、高阶思维技能和发散思维。然而,人们对问题发现(PF)的差异知之甚少。此外,以前关于天才学生的研究从未探讨过PF和评价思维(ET)之间的联系。PF和ET都在创作过程中发挥作用。本研究测试了PF、DT和ET之间的关系,并检验了天才(N=175)和非天才学生(N=188)之间的差异。方差分析(ANOVA)显示,资优学生和非资优学生的PF、DT和ET存在显著差异,效应大小(η2)在0.048至0.192之间。还分析了性别差异;天才女孩在PF流利性和独创性、DT独创性以及PF中的ET方面的得分显著高于天才男孩。DT和PF中的独创性得分显著预测了学生ET的准确性(R2=34%-42%)。最后,典型相关分析显示DT、PF和ET得分之间存在中等到强烈的相关性。讨论了本研究的局限性。
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引用次数: 9
Closing Poverty-Based Excellence Gaps: Supports for Gifted Students From Low-Income Households as Correlates of Academic Achievement 缩小基于贫困的优秀差距:对来自低收入家庭的天才学生的支持与学业成就的关系
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211023598
A. A. Ayoub, Ahmed M. Abdulla Alabbasi, J. Plucker
Previous studies on poverty within the gifted population have shown that economically vulnerable gifted students are underrepresented in gifted programs. Moreover, the majority of published studies on this topic were conducted in Western cultures. We explored the psychological, cognitive, academic, social, and environmental supports for economically vulnerable students in the Arab culture. The sample consisted of 142 male and female students who were randomly selected from 10 middle schools in rural areas in Egypt. To assess the supports of gifted students, researchers developed a self-report questionnaire. Grade point average was used as an indicator of academic achievement. Results from cluster analysis showed that there were three profiles for low-income gifted students. Multiple regression analysis indicated that environmental, social, and psychological supports explained 44% of the variance in academic achievement. Environmental supports played the most effective role in predicting students’ academic achievement, followed by social and psychological supports.
先前关于天才群体贫困的研究表明,经济弱势的天才学生在天才项目中的代表性不足。此外,大多数已发表的关于这一主题的研究都是在西方文化中进行的。我们探讨了阿拉伯文化中对经济弱势学生的心理、认知、学术、社会和环境支持。样本包括142名男女学生,他们是从埃及农村地区的10所中学中随机选择的。为了评估资优学生的支持,研究人员编制了一份自我报告问卷。平均成绩被用作学业成绩的指标。聚类分析结果显示,低收入资优学生有三种情况。多元回归分析表明,环境、社会和心理支持解释了44%的学业成绩差异。环境支持对学生学业成绩的预测作用最大,其次是社会和心理支持。
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引用次数: 3
Inspirational Teachers’ Model: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study in Gifted Education 启发式教师模式:资优教育的建构主义理论研究
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211023595
Claudia A. Cornejo-Araya, L. Kronborg
Adopting a constructivist grounded theory approach, 91 students from Years 9 to 11, in gifted educational programs from three schools in Melbourne, nominated their inspiring teachers. Eleven teachers, who received the highest number of nominations, were invited to an interview and an observation of their teaching. The emerged theoretical construct was identified as “Opening new possibilities: Inspiring teachers of gifted and highly able students,” which is further explained through three main categories: Being a knowledgeable and passionate teacher, creating an academically safe learning environment, and teaching beyond and above the regular curriculum. In addition, the theoretical process was explained through three phases: Expanding knowledge and understanding, Fostering positive attitudes, and Encouraging students to take action. Contextual determinants were considered to analyze and report the findings: students’ developmental characteristics, school culture, curriculum, and gifted educational provisions. Findings are discussed in the light of existing literature, as well as study limitations and ideas for future research.
采用基于建构主义的理论方法,来自墨尔本三所学校的91名9至11年级的天才教育项目学生提名了他们鼓舞人心的老师。获得提名人数最多的11名教师受邀接受了采访,并对他们的教学进行了观察。出现的理论结构被确定为“打开新的可能性:激励天才和高素质学生的教师”,这通过三个主要类别得到了进一步解释:成为一名知识渊博、充满激情的教师,创造一个学术安全的学习环境,以及在常规课程之外进行教学。此外,理论过程分为三个阶段:扩展知识和理解、培养积极态度和鼓励学生采取行动。情境决定因素被考虑来分析和报告研究结果:学生的发展特征、学校文化、课程和天才教育规定。研究结果根据现有文献、研究局限性和未来研究思路进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 5
Honors College Faculty Support for High-Impact Practice Participation 荣誉学院教师支持高影响力的实践参与
IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/01623532211023599
Angie L. Miller, Samantha Silberstein, Allison BrckaLorenz
Much of the existing research on honors colleges or programs is focused on the student experience, with less information offered concerning the faculty perspective. This study presents findings from the Faculty Survey of Student Engagement (FSSE), comparing support for high-impact practices between faculty who teach honors courses and those who do not. Along with core FSSE items, this study uses responses from 1,487 faculty members at 15 institutions on two experimental items about teaching honors courses. A series of ordinary least squares and binary logistic regression analyses suggest that faculty who teach honors courses are more likely to supervise undergraduates on research and internships and to think that it is important for students to participate in learning communities, study abroad, and research with faculty. These findings are interpreted within the context of previous research and current theory, bridging knowledge from the fields of higher education and gifted education.
现有的许多关于荣誉学院或项目的研究都集中在学生的经历上,很少有关于教师视角的信息。本研究展示了学生参与教师调查(FSSE)的结果,比较了教授荣誉课程和不教授荣誉课程的教师对高影响力实践的支持。本研究利用15所院校1487名教师对两个关于荣誉课程教学的实验项目的反馈,以及FSSE的核心项目。一系列普通最小二乘和二元逻辑回归分析表明,教授荣誉课程的教师更有可能指导本科生进行研究和实习,并认为学生参与学习社区、出国留学和与教师一起研究很重要。这些发现是在先前的研究和当前理论的背景下解释的,是高等教育和资优教育领域的桥梁知识。
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引用次数: 0
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JOURNAL FOR THE EDUCATION OF THE GIFTED
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