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Terrorism, Political Extremism, and Crime and Criminal Justice 恐怖主义,政治极端主义,犯罪和刑事司法
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-121713
Joshua D. Freilich, S. Chermak, R. Arietti, Noah D. Turner
This review focuses on terrorism and extremist crimes, including ideologically motivated hate crimes. Research on these topics has become more rigorous in recent decades, and more scholars have engaged in original data collection. Our assessment found a burgeoning literature that increasingly includes the application of integrated theories, but gaps remain as few studies examine life-course and critical approaches. Our review of the policing of terrorism found a limited evidence base for counterterrorism initiatives. We also found that court/sentencing issues are understudied. We suggest improving data quality in these areas by creating a national data collection protocol on these crimes, enhancing the rigor of offender and victim self-report studies, and requiring more transparency from open-source research efforts. We propose that government agencies fund rigorous evaluations of policing strategies in the terrorism context. Finally, it is hoped that increased access to federal court documents will lead to more scholarly attention on sentencing issues. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
本次审查的重点是恐怖主义和极端主义犯罪,包括意识形态动机的仇恨犯罪。近几十年来,对这些主题的研究越来越严谨,越来越多的学者从事原始数据收集。我们的评估发现了一个新兴的文献,越来越多地包括综合理论的应用,但差距仍然存在,因为很少有研究检查生命历程和关键方法。我们对恐怖主义警务的审查发现,反恐行动的证据基础有限。我们还发现,法庭/量刑问题没有得到充分研究。我们建议通过创建关于这些犯罪的国家数据收集协议来提高这些领域的数据质量,提高罪犯和受害者自我报告研究的严密性,并要求开源研究工作更加透明。我们建议政府机构对恐怖主义背景下的警务策略进行严格的评估。最后,希望越来越多的联邦法院文件将导致更多的学术关注量刑问题。预计犯罪学年度评论第7卷的最终在线出版日期是2024年1月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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引用次数: 0
Punishment in Modern Societies: The Prevalence and Causes of Incarceration Around the World 现代社会的惩罚:世界各地监禁的普遍性及其原因
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-020311
John Clegg, S. Spitz, Adaner Usmani, Annalena Wolcke
The literature on the prevalence and causes of punishment has been dominated by research into the United States. Yet most of the world's prisoners live elsewhere, and the United States is no longer the country with the world's highest incarceration rate. This article considers what we know about the prevalence and causes of incarceration around the world. We focus on three features of incarceration: level, inequality, and severity. Existing comparative research offers many insights, but we identify methodological and theoretical shortcomings. Quantitative scholars are still content to draw causal inferences from correlations, partly because (like qualitative scholars) they are often limited to studying the present and the developed world. More data will allow better inferences. We close by defending the goal of building precise and generalizable theories of punishment. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
关于惩罚的普遍性和原因的文献一直以对美国的研究为主。然而,世界上大多数囚犯生活在其他地方,美国不再是世界上监禁率最高的国家。这篇文章考虑了我们对世界各地监禁的流行程度和原因的了解。我们关注监禁的三个特征:水平、不平等和严重性。现有的比较研究提供了许多见解,但我们发现了方法和理论上的缺陷。定量学者仍然满足于从相关性中得出因果推论,部分原因是(像定性学者一样)他们通常仅限于研究当前和发达世界。更多的数据将有助于更好的推断。最后,我们为建立精确和可推广的惩罚理论的目标进行了辩护。预计犯罪学年度评论第7卷的最终在线出版日期是2024年1月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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引用次数: 0
Homelessness, Offending, Victimization, and Criminal Legal System Contact 无家可归、犯罪、受害与刑事法律制度联系
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-020934
B. McCarthy, J. Hagan
There is now a sizable literature on connections between homelessness, crime, and criminal legal system contact. We review studies on these relationships, focusing mostly on links between the adversity that often characterizes homelessness—the need for shelter, food, and income—and offending, victimization, and involvement with the criminal legal system. We concentrate on multivariate studies from the United States and Canada and consider research on youth and adults. We begin with a short discussion of some of the challenges of studying these relationships. We follow our review of research on homeless conditions with a summary of research that has used data from homeless samples to advance a broad array of explanations of crime; a collection that includes strain, routine activities and lifestyle exposure, differential association, social control, rational choice, life course, and criminal capital theories. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
现在有相当多的文献研究无家可归、犯罪和刑事法律系统联系之间的联系。我们回顾了有关这些关系的研究,主要关注无家可归者所特有的逆境——对住所、食物和收入的需求——与犯罪、受害和卷入刑事法律体系之间的联系。我们专注于美国和加拿大的多变量研究,并考虑对青少年和成年人的研究。我们首先简短地讨论一下研究这些关系所面临的一些挑战。在对无家可归者状况的研究进行回顾之后,我们总结了一些研究,这些研究使用了来自无家可归者样本的数据,以推进对犯罪的广泛解释;一个包括压力、日常活动和生活方式暴露、差异联想、社会控制、理性选择、生命历程和犯罪资本理论的集合。预计犯罪学年度评论第7卷的最终在线出版日期是2024年1月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
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引用次数: 0
The Transformative Potential of Restorative Justice: What the Mainstream Can Learn from the Margins 恢复性司法的变革潜力:主流可以从边缘学到什么
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-030421-040921
M. Rossner, Helen Taylor
Restorative justice is an idea and a practice that has had a significant impact on criminology over the past four decades and has proliferated throughout the criminal justice system. Yet from the beginning of this movement, there have been worries that the mainstreaming of restorative justice will lead to its dilution, or even corruption, and undermine its transformative potential. Developing alongside the growing institutionalization of restorative justice has been a transformative justice movement that has arisen from larger movements for racial and gender justice, drawing on similar foundational values to restorative justice. This review interrogates the relationship between restorative and transformative justice by examining a flourishing of ideas and experiments at the margins of the restorative justice movement in three key areas—responses to racial injustice, sexual violence, and environmental harm—and finds that restorative justice has the capacity to work at multiple levels to respond to harm, transform relationships, and prevent future injustices. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
恢复性司法是一种理念和实践,在过去四十年中对犯罪学产生了重大影响,并在整个刑事司法系统中激增。然而,从这场运动一开始,就有人担心,恢复性司法的主流化将导致其稀释,甚至腐败,并削弱其变革潜力。随着恢复性司法日益制度化,一场变革性的司法运动也在发展,这场运动源于更大规模的种族和性别正义运动,借鉴了与恢复性司法类似的基本价值观。这篇综述通过考察恢复性司法运动边缘在三个关键领域——应对种族不公正、性暴力和环境危害——蓬勃发展的思想和实验,来质疑恢复性司法和变革性司法之间的关系,并发现恢复性司法有能力在多个层面上应对伤害,转变关系,防止未来的不公正。《犯罪学年度评论》第7卷预计最终在线出版日期为2024年1月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。
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引用次数: 0
Responding to the Trauma That Is Endemic to the Criminal Legal System: Many Opportunities for Juvenile Prevention, Intervention, and Rehabilitation 应对刑事法律体系中普遍存在的创伤:青少年预防、干预和康复的许多机会
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022222-040148
Micere Keels
There is increasing pressure for the juvenile criminal legal system to address trauma; this is in response to advances in the science of trauma and adversity, evidence from interventions showing promising outcomes for juveniles coping with trauma, and development of systemic frameworks for providing trauma-informed care. This review details how exposure to potentially traumatic events can create primary, secondary, and tertiary effects that are relevant to how the criminal legal system engages with juveniles coping with trauma. Associations that could be dismissed on methodological challenges can no longer be ignored as an increasingly sophisticated body of prospective studies replicate previous cross-sectional and retrospective studies, which found a higher prevalence of trauma among system-involved juveniles and show that exposure to potentially traumatic events and trauma symptoms play causal roles in engaging in behaviors that can be classified as criminal offending. Additionally, several examples are used to illustrate how racialized exposure to systemic trauma across generations underlies racialized disparities in persistent criminal offending—overexposure to potentially traumatic events and underexposure to coping resources. A broad range of developmental and criminological research is drawn upon to provide frameworks for implementing trauma-informed care as a systemic intervention aimed at minimizing retraumatization and using every interaction that juveniles have with the criminal legal system to contribute to recovery and prevent recidivism. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
青少年刑事法律体系面临着越来越大的压力,需要解决创伤问题;这是对创伤和逆境科学的进步、干预措施的证据显示青少年应对创伤的良好结果以及提供创伤知情护理的系统框架的发展的回应。这篇综述详细介绍了暴露在潜在创伤事件中如何产生一级、二级和三级影响,这些影响与刑事法律系统如何处理青少年应对创伤有关。不能再忽视可能因方法学挑战而被忽视的关联,因为越来越复杂的前瞻性研究复制了以前的横断面和回顾性研究,研究发现,在涉及系统的青少年中,创伤的发生率更高,并表明暴露于潜在的创伤事件和创伤症状在从事可归类为刑事犯罪的行为中起着因果作用。此外,还用几个例子来说明几代人对系统性创伤的种族化暴露是如何造成持续犯罪中种族化差异的——过度暴露于潜在的创伤事件,而对应对资源的暴露不足。利用广泛的发展和犯罪学研究,为实施创伤知情护理提供框架,将其作为一种系统干预措施,旨在最大限度地减少再创伤,并利用青少年与刑事法律系统的每一次互动,促进康复和防止再犯。《犯罪学年度评论》第7卷预计最终在线出版日期为2024年1月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。
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引用次数: 0
The Sixty-Year Trajectory of Homicide Clearance Rates: Toward a Better Understanding of the Great Decline 凶杀清除率的六十年轨迹:更好地理解大衰退
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-122744
P. Cook, Ashley M. Mancik
In 1962, the FBI reported a national homicide clearance rate of 93%. That rate dropped 29 points by 1994. This Great Decline has been studied and accepted as a real phenomenon but remains mysterious, as does the period of relative stability that followed. The decline was shared across regions and all city sizes but differed greatly among categories defined by victim race and weapon type. Gun homicides with Black victims accounted for most of the decline. We review the evidence on several possible explanations for the national decline, including those pertaining to case mix, investigation resources, and citizen cooperation. Our preferred explanation includes an upward trend in the standard for arrest, with strong evidence that although clearance-by-arrest rates declined, the likelihood of conviction and prison sentence actually increased. That result has obvious implications for the history of policing practice and for the validity of the usual clearance rate as a police performance measure. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
1962年,美国联邦调查局(FBI)报告称,全国凶杀案的破案率为93%。到1994年,这一比率下降了29个百分点。这个大衰退已经被研究并被认为是一个真实的现象,但仍然是一个谜,就像随后的相对稳定时期一样。犯罪率的下降在各个地区和所有城市规模上都是相同的,但根据受害者的种族和武器类型划分的类别差异很大。以黑人为受害者的涉枪杀人案占了下降的大部分。我们回顾了国家下降的几种可能解释的证据,包括与病例组合、调查资源和公民合作有关的证据。我们的首选解释包括逮捕标准的上升趋势,有强有力的证据表明,尽管逮捕清除率下降,但定罪和监禁的可能性实际上增加了。这一结果对警务实践的历史和通常的破案率作为警察绩效衡量标准的有效性具有明显的影响。预计犯罪学年度评论第7卷的最终在线出版日期是2024年1月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
{"title":"The Sixty-Year Trajectory of Homicide Clearance Rates: Toward a Better Understanding of the Great Decline","authors":"P. Cook, Ashley M. Mancik","doi":"10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-122744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-022422-122744","url":null,"abstract":"In 1962, the FBI reported a national homicide clearance rate of 93%. That rate dropped 29 points by 1994. This Great Decline has been studied and accepted as a real phenomenon but remains mysterious, as does the period of relative stability that followed. The decline was shared across regions and all city sizes but differed greatly among categories defined by victim race and weapon type. Gun homicides with Black victims accounted for most of the decline. We review the evidence on several possible explanations for the national decline, including those pertaining to case mix, investigation resources, and citizen cooperation. Our preferred explanation includes an upward trend in the standard for arrest, with strong evidence that although clearance-by-arrest rates declined, the likelihood of conviction and prison sentence actually increased. That result has obvious implications for the history of policing practice and for the validity of the usual clearance rate as a police performance measure. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":51759,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Criminology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41534397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Structure and Operation of the Transgender Criminal Legal System Nexus in the United States: Inequalities, Administrative Violence, and Injustice at Every Turn 美国跨性别刑事法律体系的结构和运作:不平等、行政暴力和司法不公
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-022222-040947
V. Jenness, Alexis Rowland
A growing body of research reveals that transgender people are disproportionately in contact with the criminal legal system, wherein they experience considerable discrimination, violence, and other harms. To better understand transgender people's involvement in this system, this article synthesizes research from criminology, transgender studies, and related fields as well as empirical findings produced outside of academe, to conceptualize a “transgender criminal legal system nexus.” This article examines historical and contemporary criminalization of transgender people; differential system contact and attendant experiences associated with police contact, judicial decision-making, and incarceration; and pathways to system involvement for transgender people. The analytic focus is on cultural logics related to institutionalized conceptualizations of gender, discriminatory people-processing in various domains of the criminal legal system, and institutionally produced disparities for transgender people involved in the criminal legal system, especially transgender women of color. The article concludes with a discussion of directions for future research, including a focus on administrative violence, organizational sorting, intersectionality, and measurement challenges. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 7 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
越来越多的研究表明,跨性别者与刑事法律体系的接触不成比例,他们在刑事法律体系中遭受了相当大的歧视、暴力和其他伤害。为了更好地理解跨性别者参与这一体系,本文综合了犯罪学、跨性别研究和相关领域的研究,以及学术界以外的实证研究结果,将“跨性别刑事法律体系关系”概念化;与警察接触、司法决策和监禁相关的不同系统接触和伴随经历;以及跨性别者参与系统的途径。分析的重点是与性别的制度化概念、刑事法律体系各个领域的歧视性人员处理以及刑事法律体系中跨性别者,特别是有色人种跨性别女性在制度上产生的差异有关的文化逻辑。文章最后讨论了未来研究的方向,包括关注行政暴力、组织分类、交叉性和衡量挑战。《犯罪学年度评论》第7卷预计最终在线出版日期为2024年1月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。
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引用次数: 0
LatCrit and Criminology: Toward a Theoretical Understanding of Latino/a/x Crime and Criminal Legal System Involvement LatCrit与犯罪学:对拉丁裔犯罪和刑事法律制度参与的理论理解
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-030920-120002
María B. Vélez, Anthony A. Peguero
An important body of work documents how race matters for the patterning of crime and criminal legal system involvement largely by focusing on comparisons between Blacks and Whites. We build on this vital scholarship by spotlighting Latino/a/xs, a fast-growing group that is the United States’ largest racial minority, to broaden the field's understanding of race and crime. In this review, we follow race scholars who see Latino/a/xs as a racial category because dominant actors racialize them as an innate, distinct, inferior, and criminogenic category, leading to their marginalized experiences across many domains. Moreover, Latino/a/xs increasingly view themselves as not White. Studying Latino/a/xs offers an opportunity to integrate key tenets of Latina and Latino Critical Legal Theory (LatCrit), which provide a scaffolding to center race and racism. LatCrit highlights the ways racism metes out discrimination, cultural and linguistic devaluation, criminalization, and racial profiling that in turn shape and are shaped by levels of Latino/a/x crime and legal system involvement. This article provides a description of what it means to center race with an emphasis on LatCrit,an empirical assessment of Latino/a/x crime and legal system involvement, and an integration of core criminological theory with LatCrit. By doing so, we advance the field to more directly and robustly engage with the idea that racial disparities in crime and legal system involvement are products of racialization as well as attendant policies, institutions, and practices that historically and contemporaneously subjugate and marginalize the Latino/a/x population. We seek to push the boundaries of criminology theory and thereby invigorate and equip them for the twenty-first century and its racial landscape, which is increasingly Latino/a/x.
一项重要的工作主要是通过对黑人和白人之间的比较来记录种族对犯罪模式和刑事法律体系的影响。我们在这一重要学术成果的基础上,重点关注拉美裔/族裔/族裔这一快速增长的群体,拓宽该领域对种族和犯罪的理解。拉美裔/族裔/族裔是美国最大的少数族裔。在这篇综述中,我们跟随种族学者,他们将拉丁裔/a/x视为一个种族类别,因为主导角色将他们视为天生的,独特的,劣等的和犯罪的类别,导致他们在许多领域被边缘化的经历。此外,拉丁裔/黑人/白人越来越认为自己不是白人。研究拉丁裔/a/xs提供了一个机会,以整合拉丁裔和拉丁裔批判性法律理论(LatCrit)的关键原则,这为中心种族和种族主义提供了一个脚手架。拉特克里特强调了种族主义造成歧视、文化和语言贬值、刑事定罪和种族定性的方式,这些方式反过来又塑造了拉丁裔/非裔/非裔犯罪和法律系统参与的程度。本文以LatCrit为重点,对中心种族的含义进行了描述,对拉丁裔/非裔/非裔犯罪和法律系统参与进行了实证评估,并将核心犯罪学理论与LatCrit相结合。通过这样做,我们推动了这个领域更直接和更有力地参与到犯罪和法律系统参与中的种族差异是种族化的产物,以及伴随的政策、制度和实践,这些政策、制度和实践在历史上和当代都征服和边缘化了拉丁裔/a/x人口。我们寻求推动犯罪学理论的界限,从而为二十一世纪及其种族景观注入活力和装备他们,这是越来越拉丁裔/a/x。
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引用次数: 6
COVID-19 in Carceral Systems: A Review 新冠肺炎在尸体系统中的应用:综述
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-030521-103146
L. Puglisi, L. Brinkley-Rubinstein, E. Wang
As with past influenza pandemics of influenza, COVID-19 tore through US prisons and jails; however, the COVID-19 pandemic, uniquely, has led to more health research on carceral systems than has been seen to date. Herein, we review the data on its impact on incarcerated people, correctional officers, health systems, and surrounding communities. We searched medical, sociological, and criminology databases from March 2020 through February 2022 for studies examining the intersection of COVID-19, prisons and jails, and health outcomes, including COVID-19 incidence, prevalence, hospitalizations, and vaccination. Our scoping review identified 77 studies'—the bulk of which focus on disease epidemiology in carceral systems, with a small minority that focuses on the efficacy or effectiveness of prevention and mitigation efforts, including testing, vaccinations, and efforts to depopulate correctional facilities. We highlight areas for future research, including the experiences of incarcerated people and correctional staff, unanticipated health effects of prolonged quarantine, excess deaths due to delays in healthcare, and experimental studies on vaccine uptake and testing in correctional staff. These studies will enable a fuller understanding of COVID-19 and help stem future pandemics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 6 is January 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
与过去的流感大流行一样,新冠肺炎席卷了美国监狱和监狱;然而,新冠肺炎大流行独特地导致了迄今为止对尸体系统的更多健康研究。在此,我们回顾了其对被监禁者、惩教人员、卫生系统和周边社区影响的数据。我们搜索了2020年3月至2022年2月的医学、社会学和犯罪学数据库,以研究新冠肺炎、监狱和监狱与健康结果的交叉点,包括新冠肺炎发病率、流行率、住院和疫苗接种。我们的范围审查确定了77项研究,其中大部分关注尸体系统中的疾病流行病学,少数关注预防和缓解工作的有效性或有效性,包括检测、疫苗接种和减少惩教设施人口的努力。我们强调了未来研究的领域,包括被监禁者和惩教人员的经历、长期隔离对健康的意外影响、医疗延误导致的超额死亡,以及惩教人员疫苗接种和检测的实验研究。这些研究将有助于更全面地了解新冠肺炎,并有助于遏制未来的流行病。《犯罪学年度评论》第6卷预计最终在线出版日期为2023年1月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。
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引用次数: 3
Trauma and Prospects for Reentry 创伤与重返社会的前景
IF 6.9 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-criminol-041122-111300
Carrie Pettus
Trauma is an almost universal experience for those with incarceration histories. Lifetime traumatic experiences begin in childhood, continue in adulthood, and persist during and after incarceration. For centuries, the capacity for trauma to have a deleterious impact on social, mental, and biological functioning has been a topic of inquiry, and for years empirical work has connected trauma to crime and justice system involvement. Trauma-responsive reentry is the future state of the art for reentry. This review examines the prevalence and consequences of lifetime traumatic experiences for individuals releasing from incarceration and returning home. Extant research on trauma interventions for individuals with incarceration histories is discussed. The review ends with a vision for trauma-responsive reentry, strategies to implement trauma-responsive reentry, a proposed research agenda, and cautions and considerations for debate. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 6 is January 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
对于那些有监禁史的人来说,创伤几乎是一种普遍的经历。一生的创伤经历从童年开始,一直持续到成年,并在监禁期间和之后持续存在。几个世纪以来,创伤对社会、心理和生物功能产生有害影响的能力一直是一个研究的主题,多年来的实证研究将创伤与犯罪和司法系统的参与联系起来。创伤反应性重返社会是未来重返社会的最新技术。这篇综述考察了从监禁中释放并回家的个人一生创伤经历的普遍性和后果。讨论了对有监禁史的个人进行创伤干预的现有研究。该综述以创伤反应性重返社会的愿景、实施创伤反应性重回社会的策略、拟议的研究议程以及辩论的注意事项和考虑因素结束。《犯罪学年度评论》第6卷预计最终在线出版日期为2023年1月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。
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引用次数: 3
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Annual Review of Criminology
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