Background: Cultivation of crops by hydroponic method helps to increase the yield and nutrition of plants while avoidingthe use of pesticides. The cultivation of crops with this method is especially necessary in those countries where the soil orclimate is not favorable for the cultivation of similar crops, such as the Republic of Armenia. Soybeans are a great sourceof protein, dietary fiber, and biologically active substances. Objective: The aim of the study is to obtain flour from domestic soybeans grown using the hydroponic method and use itin confectionery products as a functional additive. Methods: In food analysis, the concept of "protein" often refers to the amount of total nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahlmethod. The method consists of 3 stages: Dissolution, Steam distillation, titration. In addition, the study used modernmethods for determining humidity, wettability, amino acid composition with the using of new equipment.Results: When developing the waffle recipe, the primary task was to avoid using any alternative improvers typicallyused to ensure quality and stability. The technological parameters have been developed according to this principle, sothat a high-quality product can be obtained without using food additives that are typically used to obtain traditionalproducts. Conclusion: The article evaluates the amino acid composition of hydroponically and locally produced soybean flour,which was compared with the amino acid composition of other raw materials used in confectionery. The scientific andexperimental results can be implemented in the domestic production market, contributing to the food chain in threedirections of development: hydroponic soybean cultivation, new device production, and the release of a new type ofwaffle product. Thus, our studies have important industrial significance and can be used as favorable means for thedevelopment of souvenir production. Keywords: Whole grain soy flour, waffles, essential amino acids, waffle maker
{"title":"Development of technology for the production of Dutch waffles (stroopwaffels) from using domestic soybean flour","authors":"Narine Hovhannisyan, Syuzanna Abrahamyan, Аsya Badalyan, Viktor Abrahamyan, Valery Grigoryan, Arevik Abovyan, Liana Grigoryan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i8.1409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i8.1409","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cultivation of crops by hydroponic method helps to increase the yield and nutrition of plants while avoidingthe use of pesticides. The cultivation of crops with this method is especially necessary in those countries where the soil orclimate is not favorable for the cultivation of similar crops, such as the Republic of Armenia. Soybeans are a great sourceof protein, dietary fiber, and biologically active substances.\u0000Objective: The aim of the study is to obtain flour from domestic soybeans grown using the hydroponic method and use itin confectionery products as a functional additive.\u0000Methods: In food analysis, the concept of \"protein\" often refers to the amount of total nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahlmethod. The method consists of 3 stages: Dissolution, Steam distillation, titration. In addition, the study used modernmethods for determining humidity, wettability, amino acid composition with the using of new equipment.Results: When developing the waffle recipe, the primary task was to avoid using any alternative improvers typicallyused to ensure quality and stability. The technological parameters have been developed according to this principle, sothat a high-quality product can be obtained without using food additives that are typically used to obtain traditionalproducts.\u0000Conclusion: The article evaluates the amino acid composition of hydroponically and locally produced soybean flour,which was compared with the amino acid composition of other raw materials used in confectionery. The scientific andexperimental results can be implemented in the domestic production market, contributing to the food chain in threedirections of development: hydroponic soybean cultivation, new device production, and the release of a new type ofwaffle product. Thus, our studies have important industrial significance and can be used as favorable means for thedevelopment of souvenir production.\u0000Keywords: Whole grain soy flour, waffles, essential amino acids, waffle maker","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruzanna Paronikyan, A. Grigoryan, Iren Barkhudaryants, L.M. Arshakyan, Artur Harutyunyan
Background: Amino acid hydantoins are widely used in various fields, particularly in pharmacy. For example, phenytoin is used to treat generalized epileptic seizures. Objective: This study aims to investigate the neurotropic properties of new amino acid hydantoin derivatives in order to identify new anticonvulsants with psychotropic properties.Methods: The compounds mentioned exhibited anticonvulsant properties that were evaluated through a series of tests: maximal electric shock, pentylenetetrazole, thiosemicarbazide, picrotoxin, strychnine, nicotine, and camphor convulsions on outbred mice. The psychotropic effects of the compounds were assessed through various tests,including the elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming, and open field tests. Additionally, their effect on the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) was investigated under in vitro conditions. The neurotoxic effect of these compounds was further examined by conducting the ''rotating rod'' test on mice. Results: The five studied compounds, which are byproducts of amino acid hydantoins, along with Phenytoin and their lithium salts, display neurotropic properties, demonstrating anticonvulsant and psychotropic effects. Compounds that inhibit clonic pentylenetetrazole, maximal electroshock generalized tonic convulsions, nicotine, and kamphoraconvulsions, as well as exhibiting antithiosemicarbazide action in animals, display pronounced anxiolytic and behavior-activating effects across various internationally recognized models. Simultaneously, the compounds show antidepressant (evidenced by the "forced swimming" model) and anti-MAO effects. The compounds did notdemonstrate muscle relaxant effects in the doses examined. In certain aspects of their neurotropic properties, the compounds outperformed drugs currently used in the clinic, including Phenytoin, Ethosuximide, and lithium chloride(antimanic drug), among others. Conclusion: Hydantoins derived from DL-tryptophan, DL-β-phenyl-α-alanine, and Phenytoin, along with their corresponding lithium salts, were synthesized. Both the anticonvulsant and psychotropic effects of these substances have been thoroughly studied. In several models, compounds that inhibit maximal electroshock convulsions in animals and clonic pentylenetetrazole also display anxiolytic and behavior-activating effects. These compounds also exhibit antidepressant and anti-MAO effects. The investigated compounds can be used in medicine, as drugs, in the treatment of epilepsy with psychotropic disorders. Keywords: antiepileptic drugs, derivatives of amino acid, lithium salts, neurotropic activity, pentylenetetrazole convulsions.
{"title":"Synthesis and neurotropic activity of new derivatives of some amino acid hydantoins and their lithium salts","authors":"Ruzanna Paronikyan, A. Grigoryan, Iren Barkhudaryants, L.M. Arshakyan, Artur Harutyunyan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i6.1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i6.1357","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amino acid hydantoins are widely used in various fields, particularly in pharmacy. For example, phenytoin is used to treat generalized epileptic seizures.\u0000Objective: This study aims to investigate the neurotropic properties of new amino acid hydantoin derivatives in order to identify new anticonvulsants with psychotropic properties.Methods: The compounds mentioned exhibited anticonvulsant properties that were evaluated through a series of tests: maximal electric shock, pentylenetetrazole, thiosemicarbazide, picrotoxin, strychnine, nicotine, and camphor convulsions on outbred mice. The psychotropic effects of the compounds were assessed through various tests,including the elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming, and open field tests. Additionally, their effect on the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) was investigated under in vitro conditions. The neurotoxic effect of these compounds was further examined by conducting the ''rotating rod'' test on mice.\u0000Results: The five studied compounds, which are byproducts of amino acid hydantoins, along with Phenytoin and their lithium salts, display neurotropic properties, demonstrating anticonvulsant and psychotropic effects. Compounds that inhibit clonic pentylenetetrazole, maximal electroshock generalized tonic convulsions, nicotine, and kamphoraconvulsions, as well as exhibiting antithiosemicarbazide action in animals, display pronounced anxiolytic and behavior-activating effects across various internationally recognized models. Simultaneously, the compounds show antidepressant (evidenced by the \"forced swimming\" model) and anti-MAO effects. The compounds did notdemonstrate muscle relaxant effects in the doses examined. In certain aspects of their neurotropic properties, the compounds outperformed drugs currently used in the clinic, including Phenytoin, Ethosuximide, and lithium chloride(antimanic drug), among others.\u0000Conclusion: Hydantoins derived from DL-tryptophan, DL-β-phenyl-α-alanine, and Phenytoin, along with their corresponding lithium salts, were synthesized. Both the anticonvulsant and psychotropic effects of these substances have been thoroughly studied. In several models, compounds that inhibit maximal electroshock convulsions in animals and clonic pentylenetetrazole also display anxiolytic and behavior-activating effects. These compounds also exhibit antidepressant and anti-MAO effects. The investigated compounds can be used in medicine, as drugs, in the treatment of epilepsy with psychotropic disorders.\u0000Keywords: antiepileptic drugs, derivatives of amino acid, lithium salts, neurotropic activity, pentylenetetrazole convulsions.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The infection and chronic inflammatory response generated by Helicobacter pylori is a global health concern. This pathogen is characterized as a major risk factor in the development of gastric cancer and other diseases. Conventional eradication therapies are based on antibiotic regimens and as a consequence there is an increase in antimicrobial resistance of the pathogen strains, besides other potential side effects for the host. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new alternatives. This review delves into the realm of antimicrobial peptides, exploring their efficacy against H. pylori sourced from diverse origins. Furthermore, it sheds light on food-derived peptides exhibiting remarkable biological activity. These peptides exhibit promising effects on biomarkers associated with H. pylori infection, demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties validated through rigorous testing in both cell and animal models. Regarding the anti-inflammatory activity, the peptide VPY derived from soybean and the peptides derived from animal sources such as meat (β-Ala-His), egg (DEDTQAMPFR, DEDTQAMPF, MLGATSL, MSYSAGF, CR, FL, HC, LL, MK) and milk (IPAV) have reported a reduction of the cytokine IL-8, biomarker directly related to H. infection. For the antioxidant activity, peptides derived from milk (EAMAPK, AVPYPQ) and from Spirulina maxima (LDAVNR, MMLDF) have reduced ROS levels and could have a positive effect on the control of H. infection. Food-derived bioactive peptides with an anti-adhesive effect were also discussed. They derive from vegetable sources (corn, pea and wheat) and are capable of interacting with the host cells, interfering the adherence of H. pylori. Food-derived bioactive peptides have potential to avoid and/or mitigate undesired outcomes of infectious diseases due to the possibility of its application in nutraceuticals and food products, resulting in a preventive approach. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, antibiotic resistance, bioactive peptides, antimicrobial peptides
{"title":"Bioactive peptides as alternative treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection","authors":"Giselle Franca-Oliveira, Blanca Hernández-Ledesma, Adolfo Martinez-Rodriguez","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i5.1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i5.1348","url":null,"abstract":"The infection and chronic inflammatory response generated by Helicobacter pylori is a global health concern. This pathogen is characterized as a major risk factor in the development of gastric cancer and other diseases. Conventional eradication therapies are based on antibiotic regimens and as a consequence there is an increase in antimicrobial resistance of the pathogen strains, besides other potential side effects for the host. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new alternatives. This review delves into the realm of antimicrobial peptides, exploring their efficacy against H. pylori sourced from diverse origins. Furthermore, it sheds light on food-derived peptides exhibiting remarkable biological activity. These peptides exhibit promising effects on biomarkers associated with H. pylori infection, demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties validated through rigorous testing in both cell and animal models. Regarding the anti-inflammatory activity, the peptide VPY derived from soybean and the peptides derived from animal sources such as meat (β-Ala-His), egg (DEDTQAMPFR, DEDTQAMPF, MLGATSL, MSYSAGF, CR, FL, HC, LL, MK) and milk (IPAV) have reported a reduction of the cytokine IL-8, biomarker directly related to H. infection. For the antioxidant activity, peptides derived from milk (EAMAPK, AVPYPQ) and from Spirulina maxima (LDAVNR, MMLDF) have reduced ROS levels and could have a positive effect on the control of H. infection. Food-derived bioactive peptides with an anti-adhesive effect were also discussed. They derive from vegetable sources (corn, pea and wheat) and are capable of interacting with the host cells, interfering the adherence of H. pylori. Food-derived bioactive peptides have potential to avoid and/or mitigate undesired outcomes of infectious diseases due to the possibility of its application in nutraceuticals and food products, resulting in a preventive approach.\u0000Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, antibiotic resistance, bioactive peptides, antimicrobial peptides","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashley Sholmire, Toshinari Ishii, Lauren Leischner, Brendhan Garland, Yuko Yamauchi, Saki Shirako, Yuto Nishidono, Y. Ikeya, Laura Corey, Mikio Nishizawa
Background: Plantago asiatica L. (Plantaginaceae) commonly grows in East Asia, with its seeds (Shazenshi), having been used as diuretic and anti-inflammatory drugs in traditional Japanese medicine. It is not known which constituents of P. asiatica seeds elicit the anti-inflammatory effects, such as reduced expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated hepatocytes which leads to a reduction in the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO). Objective: To identify the anti-inflammatory constituents of P. asiatica seeds, the anti-inflammatory activity of purified constituents was determined by assaying NO production in IL-1β-treated hepatocytes. Methods: P. asiatica seeds were extracted with 50% methanol and successively fractionated into three crude fractions with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol. The compounds were methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were prepared by collagenase perfusion, and P. asiatica seed extract (PASE), a fraction, or a compound was added to the culture medium with IL-1β and incubated at 37 °C. Potency of each fraction was determined by the Griess method for measuring the levels of nitrite in the medium. Results: PASE suppressed IL-1β-induced NO production without showing cytotoxicity, and an EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE significantly inhibited NO production. GC–MS analysis detected 26 distinct fatty acids as their methyl esters in this fraction. Among them, three unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, and α-linolenic acids) and palmitic acid were abundant. These unsaturated fatty acids are known to reduce NO levels. In contrast, acteoside and aucubin, which are thought to be present in the n-butanol-soluble fraction, showed only a low level of NO production suppression. Conclusion: The EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE included many fatty acids, which may suppress the production of NO. The results imply that the anti-inflammatory activity of P. asiatica seeds may be produced by three unsaturated fatty acids. Because the fatty acids are abundant in the seeds of medicinal plants, they are likely to contribute to anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds. Keywords: Plantain seed, polyunsaturated fatty acid, Kampo medicine, hepatocyte, nitric oxide.
背景：车前草（Plantaginaceae）通常生长在东亚，其种子（Shazenshi）在日本传统医学中一直被用作利尿剂和消炎药。目前尚不清楚车前子种子中的哪些成分具有抗炎作用，如减少白细胞介素（IL）-1β处理的肝细胞中诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的表达，从而导致促炎介质一氧化氮（NO）的减少。研究目的为了确定旱金莲种子中的抗炎成分，通过检测 IL-1β 处理的肝细胞中一氧化氮的产生情况来确定纯化成分的抗炎活性：方法：用 50%的甲醇萃取白头翁种子，然后用乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）和正丁醇将其分成三个粗馏分。这些化合物经甲基化后采用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）进行分析。通过胶原酶灌注法制备原代培养的大鼠肝细胞，然后将白头翁种子提取物（PASE）、一种馏分或一种化合物加入到含有 IL-1β 的培养基中，并在 37 °C 下培养。用格里耶斯法测定培养基中亚硝酸盐的含量，从而确定每种馏分的效力：结果：PASE能抑制IL-1β诱导的NO生成，但不显示细胞毒性，PASE的乙脂溶性馏分能显著抑制NO生成。GC-MS 分析在该馏分中检测到 26 种不同的脂肪酸及其甲酯。其中，三种不饱和脂肪酸（亚油酸、油酸和α-亚麻酸）和棕榈酸含量丰富。众所周知，这些不饱和脂肪酸能降低 NO 水平。相反，被认为存在于正丁醇可溶组分中的肌动蛋白苷和杜鹃花甙只显示出低水平的 NO 生成抑制作用：结论：PASE 的乙酸乙酯可溶部分包括许多脂肪酸，它们可能会抑制 NO 的产生。结果表明，白头翁种子的抗炎活性可能是由三种不饱和脂肪酸产生的。由于这些脂肪酸在药用植物的种子中含量丰富，它们很可能有助于种子的抗炎活性：车前子 多不饱和脂肪酸 堪布药 肝细胞 一氧化氮
{"title":"Fatty acids in Plantago asiatica seeds are responsible for the production of the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide","authors":"Ashley Sholmire, Toshinari Ishii, Lauren Leischner, Brendhan Garland, Yuko Yamauchi, Saki Shirako, Yuto Nishidono, Y. Ikeya, Laura Corey, Mikio Nishizawa","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i5.1337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i5.1337","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Plantago asiatica L. (Plantaginaceae) commonly grows in East Asia, with its seeds (Shazenshi), having been used as diuretic and anti-inflammatory drugs in traditional Japanese medicine. It is not known which constituents of P. asiatica seeds elicit the anti-inflammatory effects, such as reduced expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated hepatocytes which leads to a reduction in the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO). \u0000Objective: To identify the anti-inflammatory constituents of P. asiatica seeds, the anti-inflammatory activity of purified constituents was determined by assaying NO production in IL-1β-treated hepatocytes.\u0000Methods: P. asiatica seeds were extracted with 50% methanol and successively fractionated into three crude fractions with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol. The compounds were methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were prepared by collagenase perfusion, and P. asiatica seed extract (PASE), a fraction, or a compound was added to the culture medium with IL-1β and incubated at 37 °C. Potency of each fraction was determined by the Griess method for measuring the levels of nitrite in the medium.\u0000Results: PASE suppressed IL-1β-induced NO production without showing cytotoxicity, and an EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE significantly inhibited NO production. GC–MS analysis detected 26 distinct fatty acids as their methyl esters in this fraction. Among them, three unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, and α-linolenic acids) and palmitic acid were abundant. These unsaturated fatty acids are known to reduce NO levels. In contrast, acteoside and aucubin, which are thought to be present in the n-butanol-soluble fraction, showed only a low level of NO production suppression.\u0000Conclusion: The EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE included many fatty acids, which may suppress the production of NO. The results imply that the anti-inflammatory activity of P. asiatica seeds may be produced by three unsaturated fatty acids. Because the fatty acids are abundant in the seeds of medicinal plants, they are likely to contribute to anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds.\u0000Keywords: Plantain seed, polyunsaturated fatty acid, Kampo medicine, hepatocyte, nitric oxide.","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Invention of biofertilizers (BFs) is considered to be one of the most important achievements of modern agriculture. Although these microbial bioproducts have not found widespread usage in soilless production, there is an increasing trend of research studies on BFs in hydroponics. Objective: In consideration of the high potential of biofertilizers (BFs) in hydroponics, this study examines the impact of BF on the growth efficiency of the medicinal plant Callisia fragrans (Lindl.) Woodson (C. fragrans) under open-air hydroponic conditions in the Ararat Valley for the first time. Methods: The plants were grown in a mixture of gravel and volcanic red slag. During the vegetation period, chemical fertilizer (CF), BF, as well as their different combinations were supplied to the plants. Plant’s growth and development regularities were studied via biometrical measurements, which were done periodically during the growing process. Physiological (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids), bio- and pharmacochemical (extractive substances, total amount of flavonoids, anthocyanins) analyses were done in the medicinal raw material. The obtained data were subjected to the statistical evaluation. Results: At the end of the experimental period, the plants nourished with a combination of CF and BF, where the BF was supplied via foliar feeding (FF), as well as the plants given only CF through root application (RA), exhibited 2.9-3.5 times higher fresh overground biomass compared to the plants given BF (FF) alone. The application of BF (FF) with the combination in CF significantly increased the content of chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the leaves of plants compared to the BF (FF) variant. The maximum accumulation of anthocyanins and flavonoids of plants were mostly observed in the plants given the combination of CF and BF through the roots, as well as the ones given BF (FF) alone. Significant difference on the biosynthesis of extractive substances in the medicinal raw material between the variants has not been observed. Conclusion: Summarizing the preliminary results of the experiments, it is becoming obvious, that the application of BFs has great potential in hydroponics in order to enhance growing efficiency of C. fragrans. Keywords: C. fragrans, biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer, bioactive compounds, hydroponics, medicinal raw material
{"title":"The role of biofertilizer on the growing efficiency of Callisia fragrans cultivated under open-air hydroponic conditions of the Ararat Valley","authors":"Astghik Karapetyan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1328","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Invention of biofertilizers (BFs) is considered to be one of the most important achievements of modern agriculture. Although these microbial bioproducts have not found widespread usage in soilless production, there is an increasing trend of research studies on BFs in hydroponics. \u0000Objective: In consideration of the high potential of biofertilizers (BFs) in hydroponics, this study examines the impact of BF on the growth efficiency of the medicinal plant Callisia fragrans (Lindl.) Woodson (C. fragrans) under open-air hydroponic conditions in the Ararat Valley for the first time.\u0000Methods: The plants were grown in a mixture of gravel and volcanic red slag. During the vegetation period, chemical fertilizer (CF), BF, as well as their different combinations were supplied to the plants. Plant’s growth and development regularities were studied via biometrical measurements, which were done periodically during the growing process. Physiological (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids), bio- and pharmacochemical (extractive substances, total amount of flavonoids, anthocyanins) analyses were done in the medicinal raw material. The obtained data were subjected to the statistical evaluation.\u0000Results: At the end of the experimental period, the plants nourished with a combination of CF and BF, where the BF was supplied via foliar feeding (FF), as well as the plants given only CF through root application (RA), exhibited 2.9-3.5 times higher fresh overground biomass compared to the plants given BF (FF) alone. The application of BF (FF) with the combination in CF significantly increased the content of chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the leaves of plants compared to the BF (FF) variant. The maximum accumulation of anthocyanins and flavonoids of plants were mostly observed in the plants given the combination of CF and BF through the roots, as well as the ones given BF (FF) alone. Significant difference on the biosynthesis of extractive substances in the medicinal raw material between the variants has not been observed.\u0000Conclusion: Summarizing the preliminary results of the experiments, it is becoming obvious, that the application of BFs has great potential in hydroponics in order to enhance growing efficiency of C. fragrans.\u0000Keywords: C. fragrans, biofertilizer, chemical fertilizer, bioactive compounds, hydroponics, medicinal raw material","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140666729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Galstyan, L. Matevosyan, Meruzhan Zadayan, Abraham Ghukasyan, Slavik Harutyunyan, Karine Sargsyan, Anahit Mkrtchyan, Rimma Osipova
Background: Microelements are crucial for numerous physiological and biochemical processes in plant life. They constitute parts of various vitamins and enzymes, stimulate respiration, and accelerate oxidation and regeneration reactions, positively impacting protein metabolism in plant organisms. Objective: Considering the significant role of microelements in living organisms, our aim is to investigate the effectiveness of applying microfertilizers and biohumus on the growth, development, and quality of winter wheat and winter barley. We conducted field experiments and laboratory research to analyze the impact of trace element content in the soil at our experimental sites. This research holds particular significance amidst the ongoing global climate changes, emphasizing the urgency and relevance of our study․ Methods: Field experiments, both in winter wheat and winter barley, were set up with three replications, with the same fertilization scheme. The size of each plot was 30 m2, and the size of the experimental field in each crop area was 630 m2 consisting of the following types: 1. Control (non-fertilized); 2. Background: biohummus t/ha; 3. Background+Mn (MnSO4 4H2O); 4. Background +Cu (CuSO4. 5H2O); 5. Background+B (Na2 B407.10 H2O); 6. Background + Mo (HH4)2MoO4; 7. Background +Zn (ZnSO45H2O): Microfertilizers were used for pre-sowing seed treatment. Results: The three-year results of the studies revealed that the amount of harvest and the quality indicators of these crops increased from the application of molybdenum, manganese, and copper in the sowing of autumn wheat and autumn barley on the background of biohumus. The increase of the autumn wheat crop under the influence of these elements was 3.3-6.4 c/ha (6.9-13.3%), and the increase of the autumn barley grain crop compared to the biohumus background was 2.6-5.4 c/ha. ha, or 6.5-13.4%. A certain increase in the nitrogen content of wheat and barley grains can be seen as an indicator of a protein problem necessary for life. According to research, it was found that the nitrogen content in the grains of spikelets is high in the versions that received molybdenum, manganese, and copper. Specifically, for wheat, the nitrogen content ranges from 2.64-2.68% for Mo, 2.53-2.57% for Cu, and for barley grains, it ranges from 2.16-2.24% for Mo, 2.08-2.10% for Cu, and 2.02-2.07% for Mn. Simultaneously with the studies, it was proved that the crop yield and quality indicators did not undergo significant changes from the application of Zn and B, which is explained by the higher content of the total and mobile forms of these elements in the soil. Conclusion: In the practice of fertilizing grain crops such as wheat and barley, it's essential to judiciously use specific micro fertilizers like molybdenum ammonium (NH4MoO4), manganese sulfate (MnSO4 · 4H2O), or copper sulfate (CuSO4 · 5H2O). These should be applied alongside organic fertilizers to ensure that the crops receive a comprehensive supply of both mi
{"title":"Assessment of the impact of micro fertilizers on winter wheat and winter barley crops under the Sevan basin conditions","authors":"M. Galstyan, L. Matevosyan, Meruzhan Zadayan, Abraham Ghukasyan, Slavik Harutyunyan, Karine Sargsyan, Anahit Mkrtchyan, Rimma Osipova","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1292","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Microelements are crucial for numerous physiological and biochemical processes in plant life. They constitute parts of various vitamins and enzymes, stimulate respiration, and accelerate oxidation and regeneration reactions, positively impacting protein metabolism in plant organisms. \u0000Objective: Considering the significant role of microelements in living organisms, our aim is to investigate the effectiveness of applying microfertilizers and biohumus on the growth, development, and quality of winter wheat and winter barley. We conducted field experiments and laboratory research to analyze the impact of trace element content in the soil at our experimental sites. This research holds particular significance amidst the ongoing global climate changes, emphasizing the urgency and relevance of our study․\u0000Methods: Field experiments, both in winter wheat and winter barley, were set up with three replications, with the same fertilization scheme. The size of each plot was 30 m2, and the size of the experimental field in each crop area was 630 m2 consisting of the following types: 1. Control (non-fertilized); 2. Background: biohummus t/ha; 3. Background+Mn (MnSO4 4H2O); 4. Background +Cu (CuSO4. 5H2O); 5. Background+B (Na2 B407.10 H2O); 6. Background + Mo (HH4)2MoO4; 7. Background +Zn (ZnSO45H2O): Microfertilizers were used for pre-sowing seed treatment.\u0000Results: The three-year results of the studies revealed that the amount of harvest and the quality indicators of these crops increased from the application of molybdenum, manganese, and copper in the sowing of autumn wheat and autumn barley on the background of biohumus. The increase of the autumn wheat crop under the influence of these elements was 3.3-6.4 c/ha (6.9-13.3%), and the increase of the autumn barley grain crop compared to the biohumus background was 2.6-5.4 c/ha. ha, or 6.5-13.4%. A certain increase in the nitrogen content of wheat and barley grains can be seen as an indicator of a protein problem necessary for life. According to research, it was found that the nitrogen content in the grains of spikelets is high in the versions that received molybdenum, manganese, and copper. Specifically, for wheat, the nitrogen content ranges from 2.64-2.68% for Mo, 2.53-2.57% for Cu, and for barley grains, it ranges from 2.16-2.24% for Mo, 2.08-2.10% for Cu, and 2.02-2.07% for Mn. Simultaneously with the studies, it was proved that the crop yield and quality indicators did not undergo significant changes from the application of Zn and B, which is explained by the higher content of the total and mobile forms of these elements in the soil.\u0000Conclusion: In the practice of fertilizing grain crops such as wheat and barley, it's essential to judiciously use specific micro fertilizers like molybdenum ammonium (NH4MoO4), manganese sulfate (MnSO4 · 4H2O), or copper sulfate (CuSO4 · 5H2O). These should be applied alongside organic fertilizers to ensure that the crops receive a comprehensive supply of both mi","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Moringa oleifera pods are the main constituent in typical diets throughout Thailand. Due to their nutrients and phytochemicals, moringa pods have potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Freeze drying is a widely embraced method known for extending shelf life, resulting in preserved nutrients and high-quality products. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the physical properties, nutrients, and bioactive compounds of freeze-dried moringa pods as well as their anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages. Methods: Moringa pods were freeze-dried and ground. The powders were extracted with 70% ethanol at room temperature for 24 hr. and then centrifuged at 5000 rpm and 25ᵒC. The supernatant-filtered extracts were collected to determine bioactive compound contents and antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties. Results: The results illustrated that freeze-dried moringa pod extract had bioactive compounds including genistein synthetic, trans-ferulic acid, p-Coumaric, myricetin, gallic acid, and syringic acid, which demonstrated antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory effects, 50-200 µg/ml of extract inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators including NO production and IL-6 and TNF-α levels on LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages. Results: These results indicate that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of freeze-dried moringa pods make them a promising new raw material for functional product development. Keywords: Anti-inflammation, Moringa oleifera, genistein synthetic, trans-ferulic acid, p-Coumaric, myricetin, gallic acid, syringic acid.
背景： 辣木豆荚是泰国各地典型饮食的主要成分。由于其营养成分和植物化学物质，辣木豆荚具有抗氧化和消炎的潜力。冷冻干燥是一种广为接受的方法，可延长保质期，从而保存营养成分和高品质产品。研究目的本研究旨在调查冷冻干燥的辣木豆荚的物理性质、营养成分和生物活性化合物，以及它们对脂多糖诱导的 Raw 264.7 巨噬细胞的抗炎作用。研究方法将辣木豆荚冻干并研磨。用 70% 的乙醇在室温下提取 24 小时，然后在 5000 rpm 和 25áµ'C 下离心。收集过滤后的上清提取物，以确定生物活性化合物含量、抗氧化性和抗炎性：结果表明，冷冻干燥的辣木豆荚提取物中含有生物活性化合物，包括合成染料木素、反式阿魏酸、对香豆素、没食子酸、没食子酸和丁香酸，这些化合物具有抗氧化活性。在抗炎作用方面，50-200 微克/毫升的提取物可抑制促炎介质，包括 LPS 诱导的 Raw 264.7 巨噬细胞的 NO 生成、IL-6 和 TNF-δ 水平。结果：这些结果表明，冻干辣木豆荚的抗氧化和抗炎特性使其成为一种很有前景的功能性产品开发的新原料：抗炎、油辣木、合成染料木素、反式阿魏酸、对香豆素、没食子酸、没食子酸、丁香酸。
{"title":"Polyphenol compounds of freeze-dried Moringa oleifera Lam pods and their anti-inflammatory effects on RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide","authors":"Kwanchanok Hunthayung, Sassy Bhawamai","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1356","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Moringa oleifera pods are the main constituent in typical diets throughout Thailand. Due to their nutrients and phytochemicals, moringa pods have potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Freeze drying is a widely embraced method known for extending shelf life, resulting in preserved nutrients and high-quality products. \u0000Objective: This study aimed to investigate the physical properties, nutrients, and bioactive compounds of freeze-dried moringa pods as well as their anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages. \u0000Methods: Moringa pods were freeze-dried and ground. The powders were extracted with 70% ethanol at room temperature for 24 hr. and then centrifuged at 5000 rpm and 25ᵒC. The supernatant-filtered extracts were collected to determine bioactive compound contents and antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties.\u0000Results: The results illustrated that freeze-dried moringa pod extract had bioactive compounds including genistein synthetic, trans-ferulic acid, p-Coumaric, myricetin, gallic acid, and syringic acid, which demonstrated antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory effects, 50-200 µg/ml of extract inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators including NO production and IL-6 and TNF-α levels on LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages. \u0000Results: These results indicate that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of freeze-dried moringa pods make them a promising new raw material for functional product development.\u0000Keywords: Anti-inflammation, Moringa oleifera, genistein synthetic, trans-ferulic acid, p-Coumaric, myricetin, gallic acid, syringic acid.","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140712188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The use of symbiotic functional yogurt is a trending dietary approach of positively modulating the gut and alleviating dysbiosis. These yogurts are fermented using probiotic live microorganisms that confer health benefits on the host. Purple-leaf tea (Camellia sinensis) which contains prebiotic polyphenolic compounds, has all the health benefits of tea in addition to high content of flavonoid bioactive anthocyanin compounds. Objective: The goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of a novel symbiotic yogurt fermented using probiotic microbes and fortified with purple leaf tea puree in modulating gut bacteria profile using an in vivo animal experiment with white male Wilstar rats. Methods: An in vivo animal study was used to investigate the effect of symbiotic yogurt (PYPT) produced by fermentation of milk with probiotic starter culture ABT 5 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-12 and Streptococcus thermophiles) and fortified with purple-leaf tea puree. A total of 16 Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 8 doses of 4mg/g of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity. In a randomized control design, 8 of the experimental control rats were fed with normal standard rat feed, while 8 intervention rats were fed with the formulated yogurt for a period of 28 days. The gut health bacteria biomarkers were determined from the rats’ fecal matter by extraction of DNA using the ZymoBIOMIC kit protocol and profiled by the polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) molecular technique, of 16S rRNA. The data of the bacteria taxonomic classifications and abundance was processed and interpreted using DADA2 package and Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology 2 (Qiime2). Results: No statistical differences in diversity of bacterial phyla were reported, but the composition of Actinobacteria increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control, while Proteobacteria decreased drastically in the intervention rats. Notably, the population of beneficial Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriales in the intervention cohort increased significantly, while there was a reduction of bacteria with species with potential of pathogenic activity. Conclusions: Fortification of probiotic yogurt with purple tea with prebiotic polyphenols increased the population of beneficial gut modulating bacteria while reducing the pathogens. Therefore, the study demonstrates the constructive collaboration of probiotic microbes and the purple tea bioactive compounds in the novel symbiotic yogurt in improving the healthful gut commensal bacteria. Future research can profile more commensal bacteria and analyze gut metabolites such as butyrate as well as conducting human clinical trials. Keywords: Gut bacteria modulation, Symbiotic yogurt, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Purple-leaf tea, Fortification, Functional foods
{"title":"The potential health benefits of a novel symbiotic yogurt fortified with purple-leaf tea in modulation of gut microbiota","authors":"Muchiri Mary, Mucheru Patrick, Chege Peter","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i4.1323","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of symbiotic functional yogurt is a trending dietary approach of positively modulating the gut and alleviating dysbiosis. These yogurts are fermented using probiotic live microorganisms that confer health benefits on the host. Purple-leaf tea (Camellia sinensis) which contains prebiotic polyphenolic compounds, has all the health benefits of tea in addition to high content of flavonoid bioactive anthocyanin compounds. \u0000Objective: The goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of a novel symbiotic yogurt fermented using probiotic microbes and fortified with purple leaf tea puree in modulating gut bacteria profile using an in vivo animal experiment with white male Wilstar rats.\u0000Methods: An in vivo animal study was used to investigate the effect of symbiotic yogurt (PYPT) produced by fermentation of milk with probiotic starter culture ABT 5 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-12 and Streptococcus thermophiles) and fortified with purple-leaf tea puree. A total of 16 Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 8 doses of 4mg/g of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity. In a randomized control design, 8 of the experimental control rats were fed with normal standard rat feed, while 8 intervention rats were fed with the formulated yogurt for a period of 28 days. The gut health bacteria biomarkers were determined from the rats’ fecal matter by extraction of DNA using the ZymoBIOMIC kit protocol and profiled by the polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) molecular technique, of 16S rRNA. The data of the bacteria taxonomic classifications and abundance was processed and interpreted using DADA2 package and Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology 2 (Qiime2). \u0000Results: No statistical differences in diversity of bacterial phyla were reported, but the composition of Actinobacteria increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control, while Proteobacteria decreased drastically in the intervention rats. Notably, the population of beneficial Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriales in the intervention cohort increased significantly, while there was a reduction of bacteria with species with potential of pathogenic activity.\u0000Conclusions: Fortification of probiotic yogurt with purple tea with prebiotic polyphenols increased the population of beneficial gut modulating bacteria while reducing the pathogens. Therefore, the study demonstrates the constructive collaboration of probiotic microbes and the purple tea bioactive compounds in the novel symbiotic yogurt in improving the healthful gut commensal bacteria. Future research can profile more commensal bacteria and analyze gut metabolites such as butyrate as well as conducting human clinical trials. \u0000Keywords: Gut bacteria modulation, Symbiotic yogurt, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Purple-leaf tea, Fortification, Functional foods ","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emangbondji Koneï Hounsou, M. Sonibare, T. Elufioye
Due to their pharmaceutical properties and secondary metabolites, medicinal plants have played a crucial role in alleviating human suffering from various illnesses, disorders, and diseases. Along with other natural and artificial disasters, rapid climate change is one of the critical causes of the decline in wild medicinal plant species. Therefore, considering their significance in traditional medicine practices and economic value, investigating the potential consequences of climate change on medicinal plants is specifically relevant. This review aimed to investigate the diversity of species of medicinal plants within current climate scenarios. Additionally, it assesses the potential implications of climate change on the projected distribution of these species in subsequent scenarios and evaluates the possible impacts of these changes on the trajectory of future research in medicinal plants. The distribution and life cycles of all vegetation, including medicinal plants, are significantly impacted by climate change. Additionally, future climate scenarios have been shown to affect the physiological performance of all vegetation worldwide. Various aspects related to climate change and its repercussions on medicinal plants are explored including the impact of increased carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) levels, the effect of low temperature (Cold), climate warming, drought on the production of secondary metabolites, impact of threats on medicinal plants, and phenological changes. Each of these environmental factors influences the productivity and quality of different products and components of medicinal plants, either positively or negatively. Consequently, there is excellent complexity surrounding how climate change affects medicinal plants. Thus, for human survival on Earth, future researchers should carefully examine the interactions of various direct and indirect causes and their corresponding effects. Keywords: Secondary metabolites, Climate change, medicinal plants, Phenology.
{"title":"Climate change and the future of medicinal plants research","authors":"Emangbondji Koneï Hounsou, M. Sonibare, T. Elufioye","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i3.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i3.1310","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their pharmaceutical properties and secondary metabolites, medicinal plants have played a crucial role in alleviating human suffering from various illnesses, disorders, and diseases. Along with other natural and artificial disasters, rapid climate change is one of the critical causes of the decline in wild medicinal plant species. Therefore, considering their significance in traditional medicine practices and economic value, investigating the potential consequences of climate change on medicinal plants is specifically relevant. This review aimed to investigate the diversity of species of medicinal plants within current climate scenarios. Additionally, it assesses the potential implications of climate change on the projected distribution of these species in subsequent scenarios and evaluates the possible impacts of these changes on the trajectory of future research in medicinal plants.\u0000The distribution and life cycles of all vegetation, including medicinal plants, are significantly impacted by climate change. Additionally, future climate scenarios have been shown to affect the physiological performance of all vegetation worldwide. Various aspects related to climate change and its repercussions on medicinal plants are explored including the impact of increased carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) levels, the effect of low temperature (Cold), climate warming, drought on the production of secondary metabolites, impact of threats on medicinal plants, and phenological changes. Each of these environmental factors influences the productivity and quality of different products and components of medicinal plants, either positively or negatively. Consequently, there is excellent complexity surrounding how climate change affects medicinal plants. Thus, for human survival on Earth, future researchers should carefully examine the interactions of various direct and indirect causes and their corresponding effects.\u0000Keywords: Secondary metabolites, Climate change, medicinal plants, Phenology.","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Janigashvili, E. Shekiladze, I. Chkhikvishvili, M. Enukidze, M. Machavariani, Levan Ratiani, D. Chkhikvishvili, S. Kalmakhelidze, A. Sharashenidze, T. Sanikidze
Background: Natural polyphenols are naturally used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Despite their healthful properties, ingesting phenolic compounds in food form does not provide a sufficient concentration for systemic therapeutic effects due to their low solubility in water, poor absorption, and fast metabolism. This problem has been solved by creating various composite pharmaceuticals from phenolic compounds using different methods to stabilize polyphenols. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the DPPA (1,2-palmitoyl phosphatidic acid) and DPPC (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine) liposomes on the protective effects of a quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) on the viability of Jurkat cells. The study will examine both intact cells and cells that have been incubated under oxidative stress conditions. Materials and Methods: Quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction was extracted from a French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) methods. Extract alone and in complex with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 1,2- dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA) liposomes were added to the Jurkat cells culture at a rate of 2 mg/mL−1.The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test assayed Cell viability by evaluating cellular dehydrogenase activity. Results: Flavonoids were separated and identified in the marigold extracts by TLC, HPLC, and LC-MS methods. The spectrophotometric absorption spectrum of the quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) shows two peaks corresponding to benzoyl (254nm) and cinnamyl (375nm) aromatic rings. In the complex of quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction with DPPC and DPPA liposomes, the spectrophotometric absorption peak at 254nm was not detected, while the absorption intensity of the peak at 375nm was sharply reduced. The quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction alone and in combination with DPPC liposome increased intact and incubated under low- and high-intensity oxidative stress conditions Jurkat cells’ viability but did not reveal effect in combination with DPPA liposome. Conclusions: The quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) forms stable complexes with DPPC and DPPA liposomes that allow the storage of high content of phenolic compounds in lipid nanocapsules. The use of the liposomal system in the pharmaceutical and food industry allows for carried and controlled bioactive-compound release, which is considered one of the main strategies to improve and enhance the quality of food, providing preventative healthcare for the population and decreasing the risk of disease. Keywords: bioactive-compound, polyphenols, Quercetin, Liposomes, Jurkat cells, therapeutic effects, pharmaceuticals
{"title":"Effect of liposomal complexes of quercetin-rich flavonoids from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) on Jurkat cell viability","authors":"G. Janigashvili, E. Shekiladze, I. Chkhikvishvili, M. Enukidze, M. Machavariani, Levan Ratiani, D. Chkhikvishvili, S. Kalmakhelidze, A. Sharashenidze, T. Sanikidze","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i3.1293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i3.1293","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Natural polyphenols are naturally used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Despite their healthful properties, ingesting phenolic compounds in food form does not provide a sufficient concentration for systemic therapeutic effects due to their low solubility in water, poor absorption, and fast metabolism. This problem has been solved by creating various composite pharmaceuticals from phenolic compounds using different methods to stabilize polyphenols.\u0000Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the DPPA (1,2-palmitoyl phosphatidic acid) and DPPC (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine) liposomes on the protective effects of a quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) on the viability of Jurkat cells. The study will examine both intact cells and cells that have been incubated under oxidative stress conditions.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: Quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction was extracted from a French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) methods. Extract alone and in complex with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 1,2- dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA) liposomes were added to the Jurkat cells culture at a rate of 2 mg/mL−1.The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test assayed Cell viability by evaluating cellular dehydrogenase activity.\u0000Results: Flavonoids were separated and identified in the marigold extracts by TLC, HPLC, and LC-MS methods. The spectrophotometric absorption spectrum of the quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) shows two peaks corresponding to benzoyl (254nm) and cinnamyl (375nm) aromatic rings. In the complex of quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction with DPPC and DPPA liposomes, the spectrophotometric absorption peak at 254nm was not detected, while the absorption intensity of the peak at 375nm was sharply reduced. The quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction alone and in combination with DPPC liposome increased intact and incubated under low- and high-intensity oxidative stress conditions Jurkat cells’ viability but did not reveal effect in combination with DPPA liposome.\u0000Conclusions: The quercetin-rich flavonoid fraction extracted from French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) forms stable complexes with DPPC and DPPA liposomes that allow the storage of high content of phenolic compounds in lipid nanocapsules. The use of the liposomal system in the pharmaceutical and food industry allows for carried and controlled bioactive-compound release, which is considered one of the main strategies to improve and enhance the quality of food, providing preventative healthcare for the population and decreasing the risk of disease.\u0000Keywords: bioactive-compound, polyphenols, Quercetin, Liposomes, Jurkat cells, therapeutic effects, pharmaceuticals","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140285327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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