G. Shaboyan, L.G. Matevosyan, Karine Sarikyan, Gayane Martirosyan
Background: Among conventional grains, lentils stand out as a rich source of nutrients, boasting high levels of protein and low levels of carbohydrates. They serve as an excellent meat alternative and are abundant in macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive phytochemicals. The red lentil seed coat surpasses other legumes in phenol content, showcasing remarkable antioxidant activity. Recognized as a high-level functional crop, lentils demonstrate efficacy in mitigating various health issues, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Objective: This study aims to analyze the biochemical and bioactive components, such as proteins and monosaccharides, in selected lentil varieties that thrive in the conditions of the Ararat Valley and hold economic value. The objective is to evaluate their potential as functional foods. Methods: This study was conducted at the Scientific Centre of Vegetables and Industrial Crops in Darakert, Armenia, from 2021 to 2022, and used a block-randomized design with 4 replications. Lentil seeds were planted in mid-May, with proper care and optimal spacing. Harvested in mid-July, lentil fruits underwent biochemical analysis in the laboratory. Investigated lentil varieties included those from ICARDA collection and locally bred ones. Total protein, protein nitrogen, and carbohydrate content were determined using Kjeldahl’s, Bernstein’s, and Ofner's iodometric methods, respectively. Results: The investigation into the biochemical properties of the selected lentil varieties revealed protein levels ranging from 20.5% to 23.9%, non-protein content between 1.2% and 1.6%, and monosaccharides ranging from 6.2% to 6.7%. Conclusions: Economically valuable lentil varieties, both sourced from the ICARDA collection (Flip 2007-12L, Flip 2007-3L, Flip 2007-30L, EP-54, Sell from1767L) and locally bred varieties that are registered in the State Register of Breeding achievements of Armenia (Talini-6, Haykakan88), exhibit high concentrations of key biochemical properties such as proteins, non-proteins, and monosaccharides. When considering their potential as functional foods with various health benefits, these varieties align well with contemporary nutritional trends emphasizing the inclusion of health-promoting ingredients in diets. Further research and development in this area hold the promise of not only expanding the agricultural and culinary landscape in Armenia but also contributing to the broader conversation around nutrition and functional foods around the world. Keywords: lentils, biochemical properties, protein, non-protein, monosaccharides
{"title":"Biochemical analyses in the ICARDA collection of unique dried materials of lentils","authors":"G. Shaboyan, L.G. Matevosyan, Karine Sarikyan, Gayane Martirosyan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1291","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Among conventional grains, lentils stand out as a rich source of nutrients, boasting high levels of protein and low levels of carbohydrates. They serve as an excellent meat alternative and are abundant in macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive phytochemicals. The red lentil seed coat surpasses other legumes in phenol content, showcasing remarkable antioxidant activity. Recognized as a high-level functional crop, lentils demonstrate efficacy in mitigating various health issues, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.\u0000Objective: This study aims to analyze the biochemical and bioactive components, such as proteins and monosaccharides, in selected lentil varieties that thrive in the conditions of the Ararat Valley and hold economic value. The objective is to evaluate their potential as functional foods.\u0000Methods: This study was conducted at the Scientific Centre of Vegetables and Industrial Crops in Darakert, Armenia, from 2021 to 2022, and used a block-randomized design with 4 replications. Lentil seeds were planted in mid-May, with proper care and optimal spacing. Harvested in mid-July, lentil fruits underwent biochemical analysis in the laboratory. Investigated lentil varieties included those from ICARDA collection and locally bred ones. Total protein, protein nitrogen, and carbohydrate content were determined using Kjeldahl’s, Bernstein’s, and Ofner's iodometric methods, respectively.\u0000Results: The investigation into the biochemical properties of the selected lentil varieties revealed protein levels ranging from 20.5% to 23.9%, non-protein content between 1.2% and 1.6%, and monosaccharides ranging from 6.2% to 6.7%.\u0000Conclusions: Economically valuable lentil varieties, both sourced from the ICARDA collection (Flip 2007-12L, Flip 2007-3L, Flip 2007-30L, EP-54, Sell from1767L) and locally bred varieties that are registered in the State Register of Breeding achievements of Armenia (Talini-6, Haykakan88), exhibit high concentrations of key biochemical properties such as proteins, non-proteins, and monosaccharides. When considering their potential as functional foods with various health benefits, these varieties align well with contemporary nutritional trends emphasizing the inclusion of health-promoting ingredients in diets. Further research and development in this area hold the promise of not only expanding the agricultural and culinary landscape in Armenia but also contributing to the broader conversation around nutrition and functional foods around the world.\u0000Keywords: lentils, biochemical properties, protein, non-protein, monosaccharides","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aging population presents a growing global challenge, due to increased risk of age-related diseases, leading to arising burden on healthcare systems and highlighting the need for effective interventions to promote healthy aging. Emerging evidence suggests that certain dietary patterns can influence the gut microbiome favorably, potentially mitigating age-related chronic diseases and metabolic dysfunction such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota dynamics, initially stable in early life, are disrupted with age, impacting both prokaryotic and eukaryotic symbionts, resulting in an adaptive response in the gut microbiota defined by an increase in composition and diversity over time. In addition to environmental and genetic factors, the impact of diet has been noted as a critical factor that influences these dynamics. In this review, we propose sustainable dietary patterns like the Mediterranean, vegetarian, ketogenic, and DASH diets as a suitable panacea to counteract deleterious feeding patterns by offering nutritious and environmentally sustainable options, potentially lowering the prevalence of chronic diseases and further explores their functional roles with respect to modulating the gut microbiota composition, and their overall impact on optimal health. Keywords: Aging; healthy diet; Gut microbiota; Mediterranean Diet; Plant-based diet; dietary intervention
{"title":"Exploring the functional roles of sustainable dietary patterns on gut microbiota composition and optimal health","authors":"oladayo apalowo, G. Adegoye, T. Obuotor","doi":"10.31989/7i2.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/7i2.1279","url":null,"abstract":"The aging population presents a growing global challenge, due to increased risk of age-related diseases, leading to arising burden on healthcare systems and highlighting the need for effective interventions to promote healthy aging. Emerging evidence suggests that certain dietary patterns can influence the gut microbiome favorably, potentially mitigating age-related chronic diseases and metabolic dysfunction such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota dynamics, initially stable in early life, are disrupted with age, impacting both prokaryotic and eukaryotic symbionts, resulting in an adaptive response in the gut microbiota defined by an increase in composition and diversity over time. In addition to environmental and genetic factors, the impact of diet has been noted as a critical factor that influences these dynamics. In this review, we propose sustainable dietary patterns like the Mediterranean, vegetarian, ketogenic, and DASH diets as a suitable panacea to counteract deleterious feeding patterns by offering nutritious and environmentally sustainable options, potentially lowering the prevalence of chronic diseases and further explores their functional roles with respect to modulating the gut microbiota composition, and their overall impact on optimal health.\u0000Keywords: Aging; healthy diet; Gut microbiota; Mediterranean Diet; Plant-based diet; dietary intervention","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Pilevar, Danik Martirosyan, V. Ranaei, Mansoureh Taghizadeh, Nasim Balasjin, Roohallah Ferdousi, Hedayat Hosseini
Echinophora platyloba DC has been recognized for its therapeutic potential due to the presence of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. This study aims to conduct a systematic investigation into the chemical composition and biological activities of this plant. A comprehensive review of English research articles published within the last 15 years was conducted using relevant terms in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The search strategy employed specific keywords, and the findings were collected based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of thirty-seven articles were included in the study. Among the reviewed articles, nine studies focused on the antifungal effects of Echinophora platyloba DC, while four studies examined its antimicrobial compounds. Three studies provided evidence for joint antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Additionally, four studies confirmed the plant's potential anticancer properties, three studies explored its antioxidant effects, and two studies demonstrated its combined antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, six studies reported various effects, including anti-cholesterol properties, pain relief, skin burn repair, and reduction of menopausal symptoms. The most abundant compounds identified in the extract and essential oil were β-ocimene, followed by α-phellandrene. Echinophora platyloba DC was shown to have optimal antifungal, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. Moreover, the clinical effects of this plant have been deemed acceptable. Keywords: Echinophora platyloba DC, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, anticancer effects.
Echinophora platyloba DC 因含有抗氧化和抗菌化合物而被认为具有治疗潜力。本研究旨在对这种植物的化学成分和生物活性进行系统调查。 研究人员使用 PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 和 CINAHL 等数据库中的相关术语，对过去 15 年内发表的英文研究文章进行了全面综述。搜索策略采用了特定的关键词，并根据系统性综述首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南收集研究结果。 研究共收录了 37 篇文章。在所审查的文章中，有九项研究侧重于棘球苣苔的抗真菌作用，有四项研究探讨了棘球苣苔的抗菌化合物。三项研究提供了联合抗菌和抗真菌特性的证据。此外，四项研究证实了该植物潜在的抗癌特性，三项研究探讨了其抗氧化作用，两项研究证明了其抗菌和抗氧化的综合特性。此外，还有六项研究报告了各种功效，包括抗胆固醇、止痛、皮肤烧伤修复和减轻更年期症状。在萃取物和精油中发现的最丰富的化合物是β-ocimene，其次是α-phellandrene。 研究表明，Echinophora platyloba DC 具有最佳的抗真菌、抗微生物、抗癌和抗氧化效果。此外，这种植物的临床效果也被认为是可以接受的：Echinophora platyloba DC、抗氧化活性、抗菌活性、抗氧化特性、抗癌作用。
{"title":"Biological activities, chemical and bioactive compounds of Echinophora platyloba DC: A systematic review","authors":"Z. Pilevar, Danik Martirosyan, V. Ranaei, Mansoureh Taghizadeh, Nasim Balasjin, Roohallah Ferdousi, Hedayat Hosseini","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1283","url":null,"abstract":"Echinophora platyloba DC has been recognized for its therapeutic potential due to the presence of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. This study aims to conduct a systematic investigation into the chemical composition and biological activities of this plant.\u0000 A comprehensive review of English research articles published within the last 15 years was conducted using relevant terms in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The search strategy employed specific keywords, and the findings were collected based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines.\u0000 A total of thirty-seven articles were included in the study. Among the reviewed articles, nine studies focused on the antifungal effects of Echinophora platyloba DC, while four studies examined its antimicrobial compounds. Three studies provided evidence for joint antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Additionally, four studies confirmed the plant's potential anticancer properties, three studies explored its antioxidant effects, and two studies demonstrated its combined antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, six studies reported various effects, including anti-cholesterol properties, pain relief, skin burn repair, and reduction of menopausal symptoms. The most abundant compounds identified in the extract and essential oil were β-ocimene, followed by α-phellandrene.\u0000 Echinophora platyloba DC was shown to have optimal antifungal, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. Moreover, the clinical effects of this plant have been deemed acceptable.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Echinophora platyloba DC, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, anticancer effects.","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gagik Yeganyan, Mkrtich Avakyan, Tori Trachtenberg, Jiawei (Vivian) Zho, Emma Yeganyan
Background: In recent years, there has been a growing dissatisfaction with the classical schemes of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in ulcerative disease among physicians due to frequent failures in eradication therapy, mostly due to antibiotic resistance. It is a known fact that the Lactobacillus acidophilus inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Objective: Our main goal was to investigate the ability of the fermented milk product "Narineh,” as a functional food, containing Lactobacillus acidophilus to evaluate the efficiency and incidence of adverse effects in addition to the standard triple scheme of eradication therapy with colloidal bismuth substrate. Methods: The patients with peptic ulcer were divided into 2 groups: control (42 patients) received traditional treatment regimens, including 7 days proton pump inhibitor (PPI) + amoxicillin (A) and clarithromycin (C) in the standard doses and subsequent 14 day De-nol (colloidal bismuth subcitrate); experimental (44 patients) received in addition to this standard conventional scheme "Narineh" - 200g, containing 2x109 Lactobacillus acidophilus one time a day starting from the 8-th day for 4 weeks. The results of the eradication in patients were evaluated after 4 -5 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after completion of treatment using the C13 respiratory urea test (RUT). Repeated endoscopy with histological biopsies was carried out together with RUT in 4-5 weeks after the completion of treatment, and later (6-12 months) for the identification of recurrent ulcer. Results: The treatment with “Narineh” added to the standard regimen significantly reduces the percentage of reinfection and relapse of the disease with a statistical difference (P<0,05). The combination of fermentation milk product “Narineh”, containing Lactobacillus acidophilus with bismuth subcitrate, doesn’t cause a violation of biocenosis of the large intestine, in contrast to the PPI and antibiotics with a statistical difference (P<0,05). In addition, it provides the normalization of gut biocenosis and reduces the frequency of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other side effects. Conclusion: The treatment with “Narineh” added to the standard scheme is more effective for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and significantly reduces the percentage of reinfection and relapse of the disease and lessens the side effects of medications. Keywords: peptic ulcer, eradication Helicobacter pylori, side effects reinfection, fermented milk product “Narineh”, Lactobacillus acidophilus, functional foods
{"title":"Fermented milk product “Narineh” with Lactobacillus acidophilus in sequential and classical therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcers","authors":"Gagik Yeganyan, Mkrtich Avakyan, Tori Trachtenberg, Jiawei (Vivian) Zho, Emma Yeganyan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1314","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years, there has been a growing dissatisfaction with the classical schemes of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in ulcerative disease among physicians due to frequent failures in eradication therapy, mostly due to antibiotic resistance. It is a known fact that the Lactobacillus acidophilus inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori. \u0000Objective: Our main goal was to investigate the ability of the fermented milk product \"Narineh,” as a functional food, containing Lactobacillus acidophilus to evaluate the efficiency and incidence of adverse effects in addition to the standard triple scheme of eradication therapy with colloidal bismuth substrate. \u0000Methods: The patients with peptic ulcer were divided into 2 groups: control (42 patients) received traditional treatment regimens, including 7 days proton pump inhibitor (PPI) + amoxicillin (A) and clarithromycin (C) in the standard doses and subsequent 14 day De-nol (colloidal bismuth subcitrate); experimental (44 patients) received in addition to this standard conventional scheme \"Narineh\" - 200g, containing 2x109 Lactobacillus acidophilus one time a day starting from the 8-th day for 4 weeks. The results of the eradication in patients were evaluated after 4 -5 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after completion of treatment using the C13 respiratory urea test (RUT). Repeated endoscopy with histological biopsies was carried out together with RUT in 4-5 weeks after the completion of treatment, and later (6-12 months) for the identification of recurrent ulcer. \u0000Results: The treatment with “Narineh” added to the standard regimen significantly reduces the percentage of reinfection and relapse of the disease with a statistical difference (P<0,05). The combination of fermentation milk product “Narineh”, containing Lactobacillus acidophilus with bismuth subcitrate, doesn’t cause a violation of biocenosis of the large intestine, in contrast to the PPI and antibiotics with a statistical difference (P<0,05). In addition, it provides the normalization of gut biocenosis and reduces the frequency of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other side effects. \u0000Conclusion: The treatment with “Narineh” added to the standard scheme is more effective for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and significantly reduces the percentage of reinfection and relapse of the disease and lessens the side effects of medications. \u0000Keywords: peptic ulcer, eradication Helicobacter pylori, side effects reinfection, fermented milk product “Narineh”, Lactobacillus acidophilus, functional foods","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":"212 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Excessive salivation and drooling are distressing problems that affect both children and their families. Salivary gland botulinum toxin injection is a widely studied therapeutic method for treating sialorrhea. The proper protocol for such treatment modality is an area of interest for researchers. This study set out to assess the success of ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in either the submandibular or combined with parotid salivary glands for children with cerebral palsy suffering from sialorrhea, while also identifying factors that predict a positive treatment outcome. Method: This cross-sectional study included 30 children with cerebral palsy who have Sialorrhea. Ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections of submandibular salivary glands alone or combined with parotid glands were done. Drooling was evaluated using Drooling Rating Scale, Drooling Impact Scale, and 5-minute Drooling Quotient. Children were followed up weekly for 12 weeks after botulinum toxin injections. Result: All children showed a significant decline in drooling and sufficient caregivers’ satisfaction for the first 8 weeks after botulinum toxin injections, with gradual worsening of drooling later in 60% of children. Assessment scores were significantly lower in those who received combined parotid and submandibular injections than those who received submandibular gland injections alone. Changes in drooling scores have a significant negative correlation with the severity of motor disabilities. Conclusion: Submandibular salivary gland injection alone has a satisfactory response in decreasing drooling in children with cerebral palsy. However, a combined injection of both parotid and submandibular salivary glands gives a better response for at least 8 weeks without complications. This study not only addresses the clinical effectiveness of botulinum toxin injections in managing sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy but also opens avenues for improved dietary strategies. Keywords: botulinum toxin; salivary gland; sialorrhea; cerebral palsy
{"title":"Ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections of salivary glands in cerebral palsy children with sialorrhea","authors":"Fatma Elhossiny, Rasha Elattar, T. Elkholy, Fatma Mohamed, Asmaa Metwally, Gehan Shalaby, Seham Abdelsadek, Rasha Gouda, Shimaa Kamel, Mona Attaya, Marwa Elhady","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v7i2.1313","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Excessive salivation and drooling are distressing problems that affect both children and their families. Salivary gland botulinum toxin injection is a widely studied therapeutic method for treating sialorrhea. The proper protocol for such treatment modality is an area of interest for researchers. This study set out to assess the success of ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections in either the submandibular or combined with parotid salivary glands for children with cerebral palsy suffering from sialorrhea, while also identifying factors that predict a positive treatment outcome. \u0000Method: This cross-sectional study included 30 children with cerebral palsy who have Sialorrhea. Ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin injections of submandibular salivary glands alone or combined with parotid glands were done. Drooling was evaluated using Drooling Rating Scale, Drooling Impact Scale, and 5-minute Drooling Quotient. Children were followed up weekly for 12 weeks after botulinum toxin injections.\u0000Result: All children showed a significant decline in drooling and sufficient caregivers’ satisfaction for the first 8 weeks after botulinum toxin injections, with gradual worsening of drooling later in 60% of children. Assessment scores were significantly lower in those who received combined parotid and submandibular injections than those who received submandibular gland injections alone. Changes in drooling scores have a significant negative correlation with the severity of motor disabilities.\u0000Conclusion: Submandibular salivary gland injection alone has a satisfactory response in decreasing drooling in children with cerebral palsy. However, a combined injection of both parotid and submandibular salivary glands gives a better response for at least 8 weeks without complications. This study not only addresses the clinical effectiveness of botulinum toxin injections in managing sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy but also opens avenues for improved dietary strategies. \u0000\u0000Keywords: botulinum toxin; salivary gland; sialorrhea; cerebral palsy","PeriodicalId":517952,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease - Online ISSN: 2574-0334; Print ISSN: 2769-2426","volume":"60 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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