G. Demyashkin, Tatyana Dubovaya, Dali Ugurchieva, M. Vadyukhin, Pinara Akhmedova, Valeria Simagina
BACKGROUND: The development of effective methods of non-drug and drug protection of humans and animals from the effects of ionizing radiation remains relevant. It is necessary to conduct a morphofunctional assessment of changes in the pancreatic parenchyma and identify the degree of radiosensitization of acinocytes and insulocytes outside the tumor, as well as during electron therapy of cancer of neighboring organs, such as the colon, stomach, etc. AIM: morphological assessment of the pancreas after administration of N-acetylcysteine in a model of acute radiation-induced pancreatitis. METHODS: Wistar rats (Rattus Wistar; n=40) were divided into four experimental groups: I control (n=10); II (n=10) fractional irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 25 Gy; III (n=10) administration of N-acetylcysteine before electron irradiation; IV (n=10) administration of N-acetylcysteine. Animals of all groups (I IV) were removed from the experiment a week after the last fraction. RESULTS: A week after electron irradiation in group II, a disturbance in histoarchitecture was observed, due to the presence of signs of acute post-radiation pancreatitis. This was accompanied by increases in glucose, amylase and malondialdehyde levels, as well as decreases in insulin and superoxide dismutase levels. During the administration of N-acetylcysteine in group III, less pronounced depth and range of damage to the pancreas was noted. CONCLUSION: As a result of the morphofunctional study of the pancreas after irradiation with electrons against the background of the administration of N-acetylcysteine, it can be considered quite reasonable to conclude that it is advisable to conduct further studies of the protective effects of this drug when exposed to ionizing radiation using immunohistochemical, molecular genetic and other methods.
{"title":"Morphofunctional characteristics of the pancreas after administration of N-acetylcysteine in an acute post-radiation pancreatitis model","authors":"G. Demyashkin, Tatyana Dubovaya, Dali Ugurchieva, M. Vadyukhin, Pinara Akhmedova, Valeria Simagina","doi":"10.17816/morph.623166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.623166","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The development of effective methods of non-drug and drug protection of humans and animals from the effects of ionizing radiation remains relevant. It is necessary to conduct a morphofunctional assessment of changes in the pancreatic parenchyma and identify the degree of radiosensitization of acinocytes and insulocytes outside the tumor, as well as during electron therapy of cancer of neighboring organs, such as the colon, stomach, etc. \u0000AIM: morphological assessment of the pancreas after administration of N-acetylcysteine in a model of acute radiation-induced pancreatitis. \u0000METHODS: Wistar rats (Rattus Wistar; n=40) were divided into four experimental groups: I control (n=10); II (n=10) fractional irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 25 Gy; III (n=10) administration of N-acetylcysteine before electron irradiation; IV (n=10) administration of N-acetylcysteine. Animals of all groups (I IV) were removed from the experiment a week after the last fraction. \u0000RESULTS: A week after electron irradiation in group II, a disturbance in histoarchitecture was observed, due to the presence of signs of acute post-radiation pancreatitis. This was accompanied by increases in glucose, amylase and malondialdehyde levels, as well as decreases in insulin and superoxide dismutase levels. During the administration of N-acetylcysteine in group III, less pronounced depth and range of damage to the pancreas was noted. \u0000CONCLUSION: As a result of the morphofunctional study of the pancreas after irradiation with electrons against the background of the administration of N-acetylcysteine, it can be considered quite reasonable to conclude that it is advisable to conduct further studies of the protective effects of this drug when exposed to ionizing radiation using immunohistochemical, molecular genetic and other methods.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article covers the formation and development of histology – the science of tissues - shows the formation of ideas about tissues, and provides information on the classification of tissues. The term "tissue” was first introduced into scientific vocabulary in 1671 by the English botanist and physician N. Grew (1641 – 1712) when describing the microscopic structure of plant organs. In the 50s of the 19th century, German histologists R.A. Kölliker (1817 – 1905) and F. Leydig (1821 – 1908) laid the foundations for the current scientific classification of tissues. These authors distinguished 4 main groups of tissues: epithelium, connective tissue and blood, nervous tissue, muscle tissue. Russian scientists A.A. Zavarzin and N.G. Khlopin made a great contribution to the development of problems of classification and evolution of tissues. It should be noted that the term “tissue,” initially understood as purely morphological, also received its physiological content, that is, the concept of “tissue” became a morphofunctional concept. One of the leading paradigms of histology is the idea of tissue stability at the stages of ontogenesis of organisms. Variability of fabrics is allowed within certain limits, within the tissue group to which the fabric belongs. There is no convincing evidence of the transition of tissue from one tissue group to any other. The first departments of histology arose in European higher educational institutions in the middle of the 19th century, and in higher educational institutions in Russia in the late 60s of the 19th century. Histology as a scientific discipline has not exhausted the reserve of its capabilities, therefore the exclusion of histology from the nomenclature of scientific specialties is incorrect.
{"title":"Tissues in the body system. Tissue science - histology - in the system of biomedical scientific and educational disciplines","authors":"Nikolai Shevlyuk, Alexander Abramovich Stadnikov","doi":"10.17816/morph.624206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.624206","url":null,"abstract":"The article covers the formation and development of histology – the science of tissues - shows the formation of ideas about tissues, and provides information on the classification of tissues. The term \"tissue” was first introduced into scientific vocabulary in 1671 by the English botanist and physician N. Grew (1641 – 1712) when describing the microscopic structure of plant organs. In the 50s of the 19th century, German histologists R.A. Kölliker (1817 – 1905) and F. Leydig (1821 – 1908) laid the foundations for the current scientific classification of tissues. These authors distinguished 4 main groups of tissues: epithelium, connective tissue and blood, nervous tissue, muscle tissue. Russian scientists A.A. Zavarzin and N.G. Khlopin made a great contribution to the development of problems of classification and evolution of tissues. It should be noted that the term “tissue,” initially understood as purely morphological, also received its physiological content, that is, the concept of “tissue” became a morphofunctional concept. One of the leading paradigms of histology is the idea of tissue stability at the stages of ontogenesis of organisms. Variability of fabrics is allowed within certain limits, within the tissue group to which the fabric belongs. There is no convincing evidence of the transition of tissue from one tissue group to any other. The first departments of histology arose in European higher educational institutions in the middle of the 19th century, and in higher educational institutions in Russia in the late 60s of the 19th century. Histology as a scientific discipline has not exhausted the reserve of its capabilities, therefore the exclusion of histology from the nomenclature of scientific specialties is incorrect.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper highlights the main stages of the life and work of the outstanding Russian scientist and teacher Vladimir Lazarevich Bykov. His scientific research was devoted to a wide range of fundamental and applied problems of histology, cytology, embryology and pathomorphology (histophysiology of the thyroid gland, pathomorphology of various organs with candidiasis, morphofunctional characteristics of the oral cavity organs, analysis of the protective mechanisms of the mucous membranes of the digestive organs, history of morphology, methods of teaching histology, cytology and embryology). The library of educational literature on histology, cytology and embryology created by him represents a modern encyclopedic body of knowledge on these academic disciplines. His contribution as a member of the editorial board (1992 – 2022) and editor–in-chief of the journal «Morphology» in 2002 - 2016 is invaluable.
{"title":"Contribution of Vladimir Lazarevich Bykov (1947 – 2022) to the development of Russian histology, cytology and embryology","authors":"Nikolai Shevlyuk","doi":"10.17816/morph.624203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.624203","url":null,"abstract":"The paper highlights the main stages of the life and work of the outstanding Russian scientist and teacher Vladimir Lazarevich Bykov. His scientific research was devoted to a wide range of fundamental and applied problems of histology, cytology, embryology and pathomorphology (histophysiology of the thyroid gland, pathomorphology of various organs with candidiasis, morphofunctional characteristics of the oral cavity organs, analysis of the protective mechanisms of the mucous membranes of the digestive organs, history of morphology, methods of teaching histology, cytology and embryology). The library of educational literature on histology, cytology and embryology created by him represents a modern encyclopedic body of knowledge on these academic disciplines. His contribution as a member of the editorial board (1992 – 2022) and editor–in-chief of the journal «Morphology» in 2002 - 2016 is invaluable.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eugene Ivanovich Chumasov, E. S. Petrova, D. E. Korzhevskii
BACKGROUND: The relevance of studying adipose tissue is due to the lack of knowledge about the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and the lack of research into the endocrine function of adipose tissue. Questions about the structure, functions, and innervation characteristics of white and brown adipose tissue of the adrenal gland are the least studied. AIM: The purpose of this study was to study the structure and innervation of rat adrenal adipose tissue using neuroimmunohistochemical markers. METHODS: Using immunohistochemical reactions for PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase and synaptophysin, performed on paraffin sections, the innervation of the adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland was studied (n=10). RESULTS: Unmyelinated nerve fibers, as well as catecholaminergic and cholinergic nerve terminal apparatuses, were identified in the white and brown adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland. It has been shown that parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers penetrate adipose tissue through arterial vessels. There, Remakov's varicose axons intensively branch and form terminal synaptic networks of the en passant type, which are involved in the innervation of adipocytes in white and brown adipose tissue. Most sympathetic and parasympathetic synaptic structures are localized in brown and mixed adipose tissue. Sympathetic fibers are in close connection with the wall of arterial vessels and contact brown adipocytes. In white adipose tissue, varicose axons are found mainly around arterial vessels and are rarely found between differentiated ring-shaped adipocytes. CONCLUSION: The noted differences in the sympathetic innervation of white and brown adipose tissue are due to the fact that, unlike white adipocytes, brown adipose tissue cells perform a secretory function. By producing adipokines, they influence the production of corticosteroids by the adrenal gland. The findings suggest that this process is under the control of the sympathetic nervous system
{"title":"Morphological features of the innervation of the rat adrenal gland adipose tissue","authors":"Eugene Ivanovich Chumasov, E. S. Petrova, D. E. Korzhevskii","doi":"10.17816/morph.607423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/morph.607423","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The relevance of studying adipose tissue is due to the lack of knowledge about the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and the lack of research into the endocrine function of adipose tissue. Questions about the structure, functions, and innervation characteristics of white and brown adipose tissue of the adrenal gland are the least studied. \u0000AIM: The purpose of this study was to study the structure and innervation of rat adrenal adipose tissue using neuroimmunohistochemical markers. \u0000METHODS: Using immunohistochemical reactions for PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase and synaptophysin, performed on paraffin sections, the innervation of the adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland was studied (n=10). \u0000RESULTS: Unmyelinated nerve fibers, as well as catecholaminergic and cholinergic nerve terminal apparatuses, were identified in the white and brown adipose tissue of the rat adrenal gland. It has been shown that parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic nerve fibers penetrate adipose tissue through arterial vessels. There, Remakov's varicose axons intensively branch and form terminal synaptic networks of the en passant type, which are involved in the innervation of adipocytes in white and brown adipose tissue. Most sympathetic and parasympathetic synaptic structures are localized in brown and mixed adipose tissue. Sympathetic fibers are in close connection with the wall of arterial vessels and contact brown adipocytes. In white adipose tissue, varicose axons are found mainly around arterial vessels and are rarely found between differentiated ring-shaped adipocytes. \u0000CONCLUSION: The noted differences in the sympathetic innervation of white and brown adipose tissue are due to the fact that, unlike white adipocytes, brown adipose tissue cells perform a secretory function. By producing adipokines, they influence the production of corticosteroids by the adrenal gland. The findings suggest that this process is under the control of the sympathetic nervous system","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.195
Chanyoung Lee
A 'priming lexical decision task' and a 'self-paced reading task' were conducted to investigate the representation in the mental lexicon of Korean prefinal endings. We observed the extent to which prefinal endings are likely to have their own representation in the lexicon according to three factors: 'type of prefinal ending,' 'frequency of the stem,' and 'frequency of conjunction between prefinal endings and final endings,' and found that prefinal endings with high-frequency stems were significantly more likely to have their own representation than those with low-frequency stems. The type of prefinal ending and the frequency of conjunction between prefinal endings and final endings had no significant effect on the likelihood of being represented independently, and the entire conjugation was more likely to be represented. The experimental results suggest that Korean speakers' mental lexicon has a dual structure of a surface lexicon and a deep lexicon, in which all lexical conjugations are stored in the surface lexicon, and some conjugations containing high-frequency stems are separated into stems and endings and stored in the deep lexicon, where they function as objects of reference.
{"title":"epresentation in the mental lexicon of Korean prefinal endings","authors":"Chanyoung Lee","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.195","url":null,"abstract":"A 'priming lexical decision task' and a 'self-paced reading task' were conducted to investigate the representation in the mental lexicon of Korean prefinal endings. We observed the extent to which prefinal endings are likely to have their own representation in the lexicon according to three factors: 'type of prefinal ending,' 'frequency of the stem,' and 'frequency of conjunction between prefinal endings and final endings,' and found that prefinal endings with high-frequency stems were significantly more likely to have their own representation than those with low-frequency stems. The type of prefinal ending and the frequency of conjunction between prefinal endings and final endings had no significant effect on the likelihood of being represented independently, and the entire conjugation was more likely to be represented. The experimental results suggest that Korean speakers' mental lexicon has a dual structure of a surface lexicon and a deep lexicon, in which all lexical conjugations are stored in the surface lexicon, and some conjugations containing high-frequency stems are separated into stems and endings and stored in the deep lexicon, where they function as objects of reference.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.98
Soyoung Park
This paper presents a morpho-syntactic analysis of the realization patterns of negation suppletion -malta, which vary depending on the meanings of -ulkel, an ending ambiguous between expressing regret and conjecture. It argues that the occurrence of the negation suppletion form is conditioned by deontic modality within a local C-command relation. Consequently, -ulkel with a regretful meaning is linked to deontic modality, while -ulkel with a conjectural meaning corresponds to epistemic modality. In addition, it claims that -ulkel, depending on the two interpretations, occupies distinct syntactic positions, thereby leading to their contrasting grammatical properties.
本文对否定补语-malta 的实现模式进行了形态句法分析，其实现模式因-ulkel 的意义不同而不同，-ulkel 是一个在表示遗憾和猜测之间模棱两可的词尾。该研究认为，否定补语形式的出现是以局部 C 命令关系中的语气模态为条件的。因此，带有遗憾意义的-ulkel 与行为模态相关联，而带有猜测意义的-ulkel 则与认识模态相对应。此外，它还声称，根据这两种解释，-ulkel 占据了不同的句法位置，从而导致了它们截然不同的语法属性。
{"title":"-Ulkel and -malta suppletion","authors":"Soyoung Park","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.98","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a morpho-syntactic analysis of the realization patterns of negation suppletion -malta, which vary depending on the meanings of -ulkel, an ending ambiguous between expressing regret and conjecture. It argues that the occurrence of the negation suppletion form is conditioned by deontic modality within a local C-command relation. Consequently, -ulkel with a regretful meaning is linked to deontic modality, while -ulkel with a conjectural meaning corresponds to epistemic modality. In addition, it claims that -ulkel, depending on the two interpretations, occupies distinct syntactic positions, thereby leading to their contrasting grammatical properties.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.235
Yong-Kun Ko
{"title":"Again, Looking for the nominative case marker -seo: focus on M. Kim(2009) and C. Kim(2010)","authors":"Yong-Kun Ko","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.235","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.243
Chungmin Lee
{"title":"Revisiting the case marker -seo: the meaning of activeness (and hamkke)","authors":"Chungmin Lee","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.243","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.139
Meng-xiao Wang
Recently, it has been frequently observed in the Korean language that a portion of a word actively participates in the process of word formation in a fixed form. However, there is a lack of clear discussions regarding the morphological status of this “fixed element” whether it has a morphological status, what kind of morphological status it possesses if it does, and how it is formed. Therefore, this study aims to argue that such “fixed elements” can have a morphological status. By focusing on the phenomenon where elements that were previously used as part of a word appear productively in the process of word formation and acquire new function, the study aims to typologize how they are formed and what they become based on morphological reanalysis. These results suggest that fixed elements that were not morphemes in the process of neologism formation become “combining form”.
{"title":"Morphological Reanalysis of Word-Formation Elements","authors":"Meng-xiao Wang","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.139","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, it has been frequently observed in the Korean language that a portion of a word actively participates in the process of word formation in a fixed form. However, there is a lack of clear discussions regarding the morphological status of this “fixed element” whether it has a morphological status, what kind of morphological status it possesses if it does, and how it is formed. Therefore, this study aims to argue that such “fixed elements” can have a morphological status. By focusing on the phenomenon where elements that were previously used as part of a word appear productively in the process of word formation and acquire new function, the study aims to typologize how they are formed and what they become based on morphological reanalysis. These results suggest that fixed elements that were not morphemes in the process of neologism formation become “combining form”.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.167
Jonghyeok Lee
The purpose of this paper is to identify semantic characteristics of non-epistemic modality realized by ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’. Modality can be divided into epistemic modality and root modality, which is non-epistemic modality. Epistemic modality expresses a speaker's judgment on the degree of factuality of the proposition, and root modality expresses the speaker's judgment on the likelihood of the state-of-affair. Some previous studies have seen that ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ express the judgment that it is possible for a situation to occur, which can be seen as pointing out that ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ represent the root modality. Root possibility meaning of ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ is analyzed by three criteria: ‘scope of the modal meaning’, ‘source of possibility’, and ‘potential barrier’. Root possibility expressed by ‘-l pephata’ corresponds to the [general situation possibility], which is wide-scope, has an external source, and has no potential barrier. In addition to the [general situation possibility], ‘-l manhata’ can express [Ability] which is narrow-scope, has an internal source. ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ which express [general situation possibility] differs in that ‘-l pephata’ expresses a judgement based on assimilated knowledge, whereas ‘-l manhata’ expresses a judgement based on unassimilated knowledge.
{"title":"A study on the non-epistemic modal meaning of ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’","authors":"Jonghyeok Lee","doi":"10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2023.25.2.167","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to identify semantic characteristics of non-epistemic modality realized by ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’. Modality can be divided into epistemic modality and root modality, which is non-epistemic modality. Epistemic modality expresses a speaker's judgment on the degree of factuality of the proposition, and root modality expresses the speaker's judgment on the likelihood of the state-of-affair. Some previous studies have seen that ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ express the judgment that it is possible for a situation to occur, which can be seen as pointing out that ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ represent the root modality. Root possibility meaning of ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ is analyzed by three criteria: ‘scope of the modal meaning’, ‘source of possibility’, and ‘potential barrier’. Root possibility expressed by ‘-l pephata’ corresponds to the [general situation possibility], which is wide-scope, has an external source, and has no potential barrier. In addition to the [general situation possibility], ‘-l manhata’ can express [Ability] which is narrow-scope, has an internal source. ‘-l pephata’ and ‘-l manhata’ which express [general situation possibility] differs in that ‘-l pephata’ expresses a judgement based on assimilated knowledge, whereas ‘-l manhata’ expresses a judgement based on unassimilated knowledge.","PeriodicalId":51849,"journal":{"name":"Morphology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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