harmin Akter Moni, Md. Mokshud Ali, H M Atif Wafik Md. Nur Nobi, Mahfuza Akter Masnun & Abdullah Al R
This article looks at how author and journalist Daniel Defoe writes to benefit the commercial industry. Defoe supported trade and included characters who emphasized its benefits in stories like Robinson Crusoe and publications like "Essay upon Projects" and "Complete English Tradesman." Although the merchant's profession is originally represented negatively in "Robinson Crusoe," Defoe gradually came to appreciate the qualities that allowed people to succeed in the trading industry. Joseph Addison was also an editor of The Spectator, a journal that promoted the benefits of the private sector.
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This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of Visa, Mastercard, Amazon, and eBay, focusing on their financial performance, strategic initiatives, and market expansion over a recent five-year period. The research utilizes annual reports and market data to examine the companies' operational efficiencies and strategic trajectories. The findings reveal Visa and Mastercard's robust financial health, characterized by high operating profit margins, signifying their dominance in the digital payments sector. Amazon's vast revenue yet lower profit margins suggest a deliberate reinvestment strategy for market growth, while eBay shows consistent stability in the e-commerce market. The interplay among these entities underscores a dynamic digital economy where strategic partnerships and competitive innovation are crucial. The study's insights are instrumental for stakeholders, providing a nuanced understanding of how these significant players shape and adapt to the digital marketplace, with broader implications for future research on the role of digital transformation in commerce and finance.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL PAYMENT PLATFORMS AND E-COMMERCE GIANTS: A FIVE-YEAR PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT STUDY OF VISA, MASTERCARD, AMAZON, AND EBAY","authors":"","doi":"10.62304/jieet.v3i01.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62304/jieet.v3i01.76","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of Visa, Mastercard, Amazon, and eBay, focusing on their financial performance, strategic initiatives, and market expansion over a recent five-year period. The research utilizes annual reports and market data to examine the companies' operational efficiencies and strategic trajectories. The findings reveal Visa and Mastercard's robust financial health, characterized by high operating profit margins, signifying their dominance in the digital payments sector. Amazon's vast revenue yet lower profit margins suggest a deliberate reinvestment strategy for market growth, while eBay shows consistent stability in the e-commerce market. The interplay among these entities underscores a dynamic digital economy where strategic partnerships and competitive innovation are crucial. The study's insights are instrumental for stakeholders, providing a nuanced understanding of how these significant players shape and adapt to the digital marketplace, with broader implications for future research on the role of digital transformation in commerce and finance.","PeriodicalId":518594,"journal":{"name":"Global Mainstream Journal","volume":"132 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This comparative analysis investigates Generation Y's perceptions of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) within Bangladesh and the USA's distinct cultural and economic contexts, employing a mixed-methods research design that combines quantitative surveys with qualitative semi-structured interviews. The study meticulously selects a stratified sample of SMEs across both nations to capture a wide array of HRM practices and organisational cultures, followed by rigorous comparative analysis and statistical examination to identify the impact of these practices on turnover intentions. Key findings highlight that while Generation Y employees universally value work-life balance, professional growth opportunities, and supportive work environments, regional differences are pronounced; American employees exhibit a strong preference for flexible working conditions and immediate feedback as key to job satisfaction and retention, whereas Bangladeshi counterparts prioritise job security and clear advancement pathways, underscoring the nuanced influence of cultural and economic factors on employee expectations. These insights emphasise the critical need for SMEs to customise their HRM strategies to meet the specific aspirations of Generation Y, advocating for a context-aware approach that transcends a one-size-fits-all model. The research underscores the strategic importance of understanding and integrating local cultural and economic nuances into HRM practices for SMEs, suggesting that such tailored strategies are pivotal in fostering a motivated, engaged, and loyal Generation Y workforce, thereby enhancing SME competitiveness in a globalised business environment.
本比较分析调查了孟加拉国和美国不同文化和经济背景下的中小型企业（SMEs）中 Y 世代对人力资源管理（HRM）实践的看法，采用了定量调查与定性半结构式访谈相结合的混合方法研究设计。研究精心挑选了两国中小企业的分层样本，以捕捉各种人力资源管理实践和组织文化，然后进行严格的比较分析和统计检验，以确定这些实践对离职意向的影响。主要研究结果突出表明，虽然 Y 代员工普遍重视工作与生活的平衡、职业发展机会和支持性工作环境，但地区差异非常明显；美国员工表现出对灵活工作条件和即时反馈的强烈偏好，认为这是工作满意度和留住员工的关键，而孟加拉国员工则优先考虑工作保障和明确的晋升途径，这凸显了文化和经济因素对员工期望的细微影响。这些见解强调，中小企业亟需定制其人力资源管理战略，以满足 "Y一代 "的具体期望，并提倡采用一种超越 "一刀切 "模式的、具有情境意识的方法。研究强调了中小型企业了解当地文化和经济的细微差别并将其融入人力资源管理实践的战略重要性，并指出这种量身定制的战略对于培养一支积极主动、敬业忠诚的 "Y一代 "员工队伍至关重要，从而增强中小型企业在全球化商业环境中的竞争力。
{"title":"HRM PRACTICES AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS IN SMES: A BANGLADESH-USA COMPARISON AMONG GEN Y","authors":"","doi":"10.62304/jhmhm.v3i01.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62304/jhmhm.v3i01.75","url":null,"abstract":"This comparative analysis investigates Generation Y's perceptions of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) within Bangladesh and the USA's distinct cultural and economic contexts, employing a mixed-methods research design that combines quantitative surveys with qualitative semi-structured interviews. The study meticulously selects a stratified sample of SMEs across both nations to capture a wide array of HRM practices and organisational cultures, followed by rigorous comparative analysis and statistical examination to identify the impact of these practices on turnover intentions. Key findings highlight that while Generation Y employees universally value work-life balance, professional growth opportunities, and supportive work environments, regional differences are pronounced; American employees exhibit a strong preference for flexible working conditions and immediate feedback as key to job satisfaction and retention, whereas Bangladeshi counterparts prioritise job security and clear advancement pathways, underscoring the nuanced influence of cultural and economic factors on employee expectations. These insights emphasise the critical need for SMEs to customise their HRM strategies to meet the specific aspirations of Generation Y, advocating for a context-aware approach that transcends a one-size-fits-all model. The research underscores the strategic importance of understanding and integrating local cultural and economic nuances into HRM practices for SMEs, suggesting that such tailored strategies are pivotal in fostering a motivated, engaged, and loyal Generation Y workforce, thereby enhancing SME competitiveness in a globalised business environment.","PeriodicalId":518594,"journal":{"name":"Global Mainstream Journal","volume":"162 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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