Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2031571
N. Harcourt, Melissa Robson-Williams, Reina Tamepo
ABSTRACT Choices about how to use land are critical to efforts to manage water quality in Aotearoa-New Zealand. Māori and non-Māori communities need decision-making frameworks that enable their values and priorities to inform land use choices. However, few of the available frameworks meet the needs of Māori communities. It is challenging to construct decision-making frameworks that have true utility for both Māori and non-Māori land stewards because of differences in their relationships with the whenua (land), the wai (the water) and te taiao (the environment). Additionally, Māori may utilise different types and formats of data in their decision-making from those traditionally encompassed by science-based frameworks. This paper aims to help non-indigenous researchers understand the required development processes and design features if a framework aimed at a broad audience is to have genuine relevance and utility for indigenous users. To achieve this, we utilised a modified version of Cash et al.’s Credibility, Salience and Legitimacy framework to evaluate a range of land use decision-making frameworks. We discuss why science-based concepts of holism are not the same as those embodied by a Māori worldview. We conclude that it is essential to co-develop frameworks in genuine partnership with Māori.
{"title":"Supporting the design of useful and relevant holistic frameworks for land use opportunity assessment for indigenous people","authors":"N. Harcourt, Melissa Robson-Williams, Reina Tamepo","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2031571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2031571","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Choices about how to use land are critical to efforts to manage water quality in Aotearoa-New Zealand. Māori and non-Māori communities need decision-making frameworks that enable their values and priorities to inform land use choices. However, few of the available frameworks meet the needs of Māori communities. It is challenging to construct decision-making frameworks that have true utility for both Māori and non-Māori land stewards because of differences in their relationships with the whenua (land), the wai (the water) and te taiao (the environment). Additionally, Māori may utilise different types and formats of data in their decision-making from those traditionally encompassed by science-based frameworks. This paper aims to help non-indigenous researchers understand the required development processes and design features if a framework aimed at a broad audience is to have genuine relevance and utility for indigenous users. To achieve this, we utilised a modified version of Cash et al.’s Credibility, Salience and Legitimacy framework to evaluate a range of land use decision-making frameworks. We discuss why science-based concepts of holism are not the same as those embodied by a Māori worldview. We conclude that it is essential to co-develop frameworks in genuine partnership with Māori.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"116 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42179727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2078470
K. Broderick, D. McFarlane
ABSTRACT The level of water resource development was not at a critically high level when climate change dramatically reduced runoff and recharge in South-west Western Australia. This was because of the state’s relatively low population for its size, a small irrigation industry (mainly based on self-supply groundwater) and the low level of secondary industry. Few resources were heavily over allocated despite the need to significantly de-rate water supply systems. The strong uni-directional drying signal in the south-west of WA has been an advantage in that new water supplies have been developed and/or demands reduced as conditions continued to dry, reinforcing the decisions made. Strong government leadership in adapting to a drying climate in the south-west, through accelerated and alternate water source developments has been extremely successful in mitigating dire impacts, especially in the Perth-Peel region. However, as drying and warming trends continue, there is less opportunity to develop new sources and a need to consider a wider array of sources, especially use in water resource planning. More nuanced planning requires stronger governance settings and increased engagement of stakeholders. A step change in the governance and sophistication of water planning and management could be achieved through new legislation in coming years.
{"title":"Water resources planning in a drying climate in the south-west of Western Australia","authors":"K. Broderick, D. McFarlane","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2078470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2078470","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The level of water resource development was not at a critically high level when climate change dramatically reduced runoff and recharge in South-west Western Australia. This was because of the state’s relatively low population for its size, a small irrigation industry (mainly based on self-supply groundwater) and the low level of secondary industry. Few resources were heavily over allocated despite the need to significantly de-rate water supply systems. The strong uni-directional drying signal in the south-west of WA has been an advantage in that new water supplies have been developed and/or demands reduced as conditions continued to dry, reinforcing the decisions made. Strong government leadership in adapting to a drying climate in the south-west, through accelerated and alternate water source developments has been extremely successful in mitigating dire impacts, especially in the Perth-Peel region. However, as drying and warming trends continue, there is less opportunity to develop new sources and a need to consider a wider array of sources, especially use in water resource planning. More nuanced planning requires stronger governance settings and increased engagement of stakeholders. A step change in the governance and sophistication of water planning and management could be achieved through new legislation in coming years.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"72 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48643028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2065723
S. Larned, C. Howard-Williams, Ken Taylor, M. Scarsbrook
ABSTRACT Freshwater ecosystem health is a matter of long-standing concern in Aotearoa-New Zealand. This concern is warranted, based on evidence of a century of ecological degradation. The national government responded with a series of freshwater policies starting in the 1940s, and environmental scientists have contributed to each successive policy. However, the science–policy interface in Aotearoa-New Zealand has often functioned poorly, due to science output with low policy relevance, long lag times (policy development lagging behind science advances, and vice versa) poor communications and other problems. The consequences have included continued degradation in the absence of appropriate regulation, and limited policy implementation due to inadequate scientific knowledge. In this paper, we address the challenges of freshwater science–policy interactions in in Aotearoa-New Zealand in three steps. First, we characterise effective and ineffective freshwater science–policy interactions over their 80-year history. Second, we recommend approaches for implementing the newest policy package, the National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management 2020. Third, we set out five imperatives to improve policy development in the future: inclusiveness, partnership with Māori, strategic planning, a funding mandate, and an authorising agency.
{"title":"Freshwater science–policy interactions in Aotearoa-New Zealand: lessons from the past and recommendations for the future","authors":"S. Larned, C. Howard-Williams, Ken Taylor, M. Scarsbrook","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2065723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2065723","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Freshwater ecosystem health is a matter of long-standing concern in Aotearoa-New Zealand. This concern is warranted, based on evidence of a century of ecological degradation. The national government responded with a series of freshwater policies starting in the 1940s, and environmental scientists have contributed to each successive policy. However, the science–policy interface in Aotearoa-New Zealand has often functioned poorly, due to science output with low policy relevance, long lag times (policy development lagging behind science advances, and vice versa) poor communications and other problems. The consequences have included continued degradation in the absence of appropriate regulation, and limited policy implementation due to inadequate scientific knowledge. In this paper, we address the challenges of freshwater science–policy interactions in in Aotearoa-New Zealand in three steps. First, we characterise effective and ineffective freshwater science–policy interactions over their 80-year history. Second, we recommend approaches for implementing the newest policy package, the National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management 2020. Third, we set out five imperatives to improve policy development in the future: inclusiveness, partnership with Māori, strategic planning, a funding mandate, and an authorising agency.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"131 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47791101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2042061
P. Brown, M. Colloff, Maryanne Slattery, W. Johnson, Fiorenzo Guarino
ABSTRACT Water resources for irrigation in the Murray–Darling Basin have been heavily over-allocated, with major detrimental effects on wetlands and rivers. The Murray–Darling Basin Plan is intended to return water from irrigated agriculture to the environment but requires comprehensive, accurate water accounting to achieve this objective. Floodplain harvesting – the diversion and storage of overland flows into on-farm dams – is widely practised by irrigators in the northern Basin. By reducing volumes of river flows, floodplain harvesting has negative effects on downstream water users and the environment. The volume of diversions is not known, creating a major source of uncertainty over water availability and use. We focussed on floodplain harvesting in northern New South Wales (NSW) catchments (Border Rivers, Gwydir, Namoi, Macquarie and Barwon-Darling) because the NSW government is attempting to licence and regulate the practice. We found in 2019–20 there were 1,833 storages in these catchments with a total surface area of 42,650 ha. Storage capacity has risen from 557 GL in 1993–94 to 1,067 in 1999–2000, 1,225 in 2008–09 to 1,393 GL in 2019–20, a 2.5-fold increase in 26 years. We estimated mean annual floodplain harvesting take (2004–2020) in northern NSW was 778 GL (range 632–926 GL). For context, this volume represents half of the mean volume of held environmental water released annually for the entire Basin between 2009–10 and 2018–19 (1,576 GL) and six times that for the northern NSW Basin (125 GL). The volume of take from floodplain harvesting is not sustainable and in breach of legislation on water use and management. We discuss the negative impacts of floodplain harvesting on downstream communities and flow-dependent ecosystems and their social justice implications.
{"title":"An unsustainable level of take: on-farm storages and floodplain water harvesting in the northern Murray–Darling Basin, Australia","authors":"P. Brown, M. Colloff, Maryanne Slattery, W. Johnson, Fiorenzo Guarino","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2042061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2042061","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water resources for irrigation in the Murray–Darling Basin have been heavily over-allocated, with major detrimental effects on wetlands and rivers. The Murray–Darling Basin Plan is intended to return water from irrigated agriculture to the environment but requires comprehensive, accurate water accounting to achieve this objective. Floodplain harvesting – the diversion and storage of overland flows into on-farm dams – is widely practised by irrigators in the northern Basin. By reducing volumes of river flows, floodplain harvesting has negative effects on downstream water users and the environment. The volume of diversions is not known, creating a major source of uncertainty over water availability and use. We focussed on floodplain harvesting in northern New South Wales (NSW) catchments (Border Rivers, Gwydir, Namoi, Macquarie and Barwon-Darling) because the NSW government is attempting to licence and regulate the practice. We found in 2019–20 there were 1,833 storages in these catchments with a total surface area of 42,650 ha. Storage capacity has risen from 557 GL in 1993–94 to 1,067 in 1999–2000, 1,225 in 2008–09 to 1,393 GL in 2019–20, a 2.5-fold increase in 26 years. We estimated mean annual floodplain harvesting take (2004–2020) in northern NSW was 778 GL (range 632–926 GL). For context, this volume represents half of the mean volume of held environmental water released annually for the entire Basin between 2009–10 and 2018–19 (1,576 GL) and six times that for the northern NSW Basin (125 GL). The volume of take from floodplain harvesting is not sustainable and in breach of legislation on water use and management. We discuss the negative impacts of floodplain harvesting on downstream communities and flow-dependent ecosystems and their social justice implications.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"43 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49396192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2063483
Melissa Robson-Williams, David Painter, N. Kirk
ABSTRACT In the decade following 2000, water management in the Canterbury region of Aotearoa New Zealand was characterised by irrigation expansion, agricultural intensification, and first-come-first-served water allocation. Some communities grew concerned about the impacts of intensive farming on water quality, river flows, and groundwater levels; others were concerned about a lack of meaningful reflection of Māori values in decision-making. In response, the Canterbury Water Management Strategy, published in 2009, promoted devolved collaborative governance of freshwater resources. A year later, regional councillors were dismissed by central government over concerns about water management and replaced by appointed commissioners through an Act of Parliament. The ensuing period of water management has been both praised and criticised. In this paper we examine water management in Canterbury through a case study in the Selwyn Waihora Zone. We use a causal framework to assess water management, focusing on the process that developed regulatory and non-regulatory recommendations and informed the Selwyn Waihora sub-regional section of the Canterbury Land and Water Regional Plan. We conclude that the collaborative process described is not a ‘quick-fix’ solution but a radical shift from previous approaches and, although it had some success, it might not be resilient to national political changes.
在2000年之后的十年里，新西兰坎特伯雷地区的水资源管理以灌溉扩张、农业集约化和先到先得的水资源分配为特征。一些社区越来越担心集约化农业对水质、河流流量和地下水位的影响;另一些人则担心在决策过程中缺乏对Māori价值观的有意义反映。作为回应，2009年发布的《坎特伯雷水资源管理战略》(Canterbury Water Management Strategy)促进了淡水资源的下放协作治理。一年后，由于对水资源管理的担忧，地方议员被中央政府解职，取而代之的是通过议会法案任命的专员。随后一段时间的水资源管理受到了赞扬和批评。在本文中，我们通过对塞尔温怀霍拉地区的案例研究来研究坎特伯雷的水管理。我们使用因果关系框架来评估水资源管理，重点关注制定监管和非监管建议的过程，并告知坎特伯雷土地和水区域计划的Selwyn Waihora次区域部分。我们的结论是，所描述的合作过程不是一个“权宜之计”的解决方案，而是从以前的方法的根本转变，尽管它取得了一些成功，但它可能无法适应国家的政治变化。
{"title":"From Pride and Prejudice towards Sense and Sensibility in Canterbury Water Management","authors":"Melissa Robson-Williams, David Painter, N. Kirk","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2063483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2063483","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the decade following 2000, water management in the Canterbury region of Aotearoa New Zealand was characterised by irrigation expansion, agricultural intensification, and first-come-first-served water allocation. Some communities grew concerned about the impacts of intensive farming on water quality, river flows, and groundwater levels; others were concerned about a lack of meaningful reflection of Māori values in decision-making. In response, the Canterbury Water Management Strategy, published in 2009, promoted devolved collaborative governance of freshwater resources. A year later, regional councillors were dismissed by central government over concerns about water management and replaced by appointed commissioners through an Act of Parliament. The ensuing period of water management has been both praised and criticised. In this paper we examine water management in Canterbury through a case study in the Selwyn Waihora Zone. We use a causal framework to assess water management, focusing on the process that developed regulatory and non-regulatory recommendations and informed the Selwyn Waihora sub-regional section of the Canterbury Land and Water Regional Plan. We conclude that the collaborative process described is not a ‘quick-fix’ solution but a radical shift from previous approaches and, although it had some success, it might not be resilient to national political changes.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"84 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46888781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2021.2002508
Kate Harriden
ABSTRACT Despite the hydrological imperative and engineering capacity for change, concrete storm water infrastructure remains obdurate in the urban waterscape. This obduracy manifests both as an unwillingness to remove existing infrastructure and the continuing construction of new infrastructure in locations previously free of these systems. This paper identifies four critical socio-political values underlying the obduracy of concrete storm water infrastructure and the resultant urban stream syndrome. Following a brief critique of reactive storm water management frameworks to manage this syndrome, this paper articulates four common values of Indigenous science(s) that are well placed can contribute to improve storm water management. Supporting this argument is an example of Indigenous science(s) changing the form and function of a reach of an extant concrete storm water channel in Canberra, Australia. While these interventions will be assessed primarily from water quality perspectives, they contribute to a greater range of environmental processes than purely hydrological.
{"title":"Concrete in the city","authors":"Kate Harriden","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2021.2002508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2021.2002508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the hydrological imperative and engineering capacity for change, concrete storm water infrastructure remains obdurate in the urban waterscape. This obduracy manifests both as an unwillingness to remove existing infrastructure and the continuing construction of new infrastructure in locations previously free of these systems. This paper identifies four critical socio-political values underlying the obduracy of concrete storm water infrastructure and the resultant urban stream syndrome. Following a brief critique of reactive storm water management frameworks to manage this syndrome, this paper articulates four common values of Indigenous science(s) that are well placed can contribute to improve storm water management. Supporting this argument is an example of Indigenous science(s) changing the form and function of a reach of an extant concrete storm water channel in Canberra, Australia. While these interventions will be assessed primarily from water quality perspectives, they contribute to a greater range of environmental processes than purely hydrological.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"175 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44126534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-14DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2021.1996679
Umair Iqbal, J. Barthélemy, Pascal Perez, Jason Cooper, Wanqing Li
ABSTRACT Blockage of cross-drainage hydraulic structures (e.g., bridges, culverts) is reported as an exacerbating factor during flash flooding in Wollongong and Newcastle. Lack of data from flooding events and the fragmentary nature of post-flood data are the factors hindering research in studying the impact of blockage on the performance of hydraulic structures. This paper proposes lab-scale simulations using scaled physical models of culverts to study the behaviour and effects of urban and vegetative debris. The first investigation studies the interaction between specific debris types with culvert inlet geometries and their impact on the hydraulic blockage. In the second investigation, a flood hydrograph is simulated in the laboratory to study complex relationships between blockage-related influential factors and to relate the observed visual blockage and hydraulic blockage. From the results of first investigation, urban debris was reported the main contributor in increasing the hydraulic blockage at structures. Furthermore, the degree of hydraulic blockage was found sensitive to the orientation of the debris. Results from the second investigation reported several insights regarding the complex relationships between blockage-related influential factors. The temporally variable nature of blockage was observed from the experiments that suggested revising the existing constant blockage based Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) guidelines.
{"title":"A Scaled Physical Model Study of Culvert Blockage Exploring Complex Relationships Between Influential Factors","authors":"Umair Iqbal, J. Barthélemy, Pascal Perez, Jason Cooper, Wanqing Li","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2021.1996679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2021.1996679","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Blockage of cross-drainage hydraulic structures (e.g., bridges, culverts) is reported as an exacerbating factor during flash flooding in Wollongong and Newcastle. Lack of data from flooding events and the fragmentary nature of post-flood data are the factors hindering research in studying the impact of blockage on the performance of hydraulic structures. This paper proposes lab-scale simulations using scaled physical models of culverts to study the behaviour and effects of urban and vegetative debris. The first investigation studies the interaction between specific debris types with culvert inlet geometries and their impact on the hydraulic blockage. In the second investigation, a flood hydrograph is simulated in the laboratory to study complex relationships between blockage-related influential factors and to relate the observed visual blockage and hydraulic blockage. From the results of first investigation, urban debris was reported the main contributor in increasing the hydraulic blockage at structures. Furthermore, the degree of hydraulic blockage was found sensitive to the orientation of the debris. Results from the second investigation reported several insights regarding the complex relationships between blockage-related influential factors. The temporally variable nature of blockage was observed from the experiments that suggested revising the existing constant blockage based Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) guidelines.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"27 1","pages":"191 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2021.1996680
N. Mujere, M. Masocha, H. Makurira, D. Mazvimavi
ABSTRACT In this paper, 245 studies were reviewed to understand approaches used for estimating river channel transmission losses. Findings indicate that regression equations, differential equations, flow routing, experimental approaches and water balances are most widely used. Geographic Information Systems are becoming a convenient framework to display model results showing spatial variability of losses. In the United States, regression equations and experimental approaches involving controlled releases are widely used to assess transmission losses whereas in the dryland regions of Australia, water balance and flow routing approaches are popular. In Africa and Asia, regression equations and water balances are common approaches to estimate transmission losses. By using regression equations on data pooled from studies done in different dryland regions of the world, statistically significant (p<0.05) relationships were observed between transmission loss volume and, reach length, inflow, flow contributing area and runoff coefficient. Overall, the review underscores the importance of channel and catchment characteristics in shaping the dynamics of transmission losses. Two main limitations of the current approaches are that they are site-specific and require high amounts of data not always available in dryland regions due to sparse network of monitoring stations. The review also highlights existing knowledge gaps and future research needs.
{"title":"Dynamics and scales of transmission losses in dryland river systems: a meta-analysis","authors":"N. Mujere, M. Masocha, H. Makurira, D. Mazvimavi","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2021.1996680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2021.1996680","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, 245 studies were reviewed to understand approaches used for estimating river channel transmission losses. Findings indicate that regression equations, differential equations, flow routing, experimental approaches and water balances are most widely used. Geographic Information Systems are becoming a convenient framework to display model results showing spatial variability of losses. In the United States, regression equations and experimental approaches involving controlled releases are widely used to assess transmission losses whereas in the dryland regions of Australia, water balance and flow routing approaches are popular. In Africa and Asia, regression equations and water balances are common approaches to estimate transmission losses. By using regression equations on data pooled from studies done in different dryland regions of the world, statistically significant (p<0.05) relationships were observed between transmission loss volume and, reach length, inflow, flow contributing area and runoff coefficient. Overall, the review underscores the importance of channel and catchment characteristics in shaping the dynamics of transmission losses. Two main limitations of the current approaches are that they are site-specific and require high amounts of data not always available in dryland regions due to sparse network of monitoring stations. The review also highlights existing knowledge gaps and future research needs.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"227 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49134499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2021.1954281
B. Hart, M. Francey, C. Chesterfield
ABSTRACT Urban waterways (rivers, wetlands and estuaries) are highly valued assets in cities throughout the world, and for this reason there is now increased global interest in the effective management of these assets. This paper uses a review of the historical evolution of urban waterway management in the city of greater Melbourne (Australia) over the past 50 years to draw out the major practice changes and lessons learned that we believe will be relevant to other cities. Further, we have used this information to develop a conceptual framework for urban waterway management consisting of three broad components: enabler actions (policy/management strategies; links to catchments; links to urban planning); outcomes (enhanced environmental values; community values; indigenous cultural values); and knowledge to assess progress with the strategy implementation and potential area for modification (adaptive management). In a companion paper we consider future challenges, due to climate change, population growth and increased urbanisation, and the need to more closely link urban waterway management and green city planning (Hart et al., in preparation).
{"title":"Management of urban waterways in Melbourne, Australia: 1. current status","authors":"B. Hart, M. Francey, C. Chesterfield","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2021.1954281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2021.1954281","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Urban waterways (rivers, wetlands and estuaries) are highly valued assets in cities throughout the world, and for this reason there is now increased global interest in the effective management of these assets. This paper uses a review of the historical evolution of urban waterway management in the city of greater Melbourne (Australia) over the past 50 years to draw out the major practice changes and lessons learned that we believe will be relevant to other cities. Further, we have used this information to develop a conceptual framework for urban waterway management consisting of three broad components: enabler actions (policy/management strategies; links to catchments; links to urban planning); outcomes (enhanced environmental values; community values; indigenous cultural values); and knowledge to assess progress with the strategy implementation and potential area for modification (adaptive management). In a companion paper we consider future challenges, due to climate change, population growth and increased urbanisation, and the need to more closely link urban waterway management and green city planning (Hart et al., in preparation).","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"25 1","pages":"183 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48923520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2021.1984190
A. Hoban, C. Gambirazio
ABSTRACT Over the past decade, there have been multiple studies into how bioretention systems perform in field, rather than laboratory, conditions, and into the quality of stormwater coming off urban catchments, yet in Australia standards, guidelines and software models have remained relatively static. A review of 15 field studies of bioretention systems, collectively covering 513 storm events, found a weighted average volumetric loss of 51% despite many of the systems having impermeable liners or were on clayey soils. The loss of water is about 17 times higher than is predicted by MUSIC when configured in accordance with standard guidelines. Some of the studies found increased pollutant concentrations in the effluent, with volumetric loss being the primary mechanism for pollutant load reduction. This research shows that bioretention systems perform more like sponges than filters and can have a potentially large impact on urban hydrology by reducing the volume and frequency of runoff, and helping attenuate minor flood events. Ultimately, this could lead to a better integration of the quality and quantity aspects of urban stormwater management.
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