Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2077685
Isobel Bender, M. Colloff, J. Pittock, C. Wyborn
ABSTRACT The Murray–Darling Basin Plan, a major initiative to return water from irrigators to the environment, has been lauded as world-class water reform. The enabling legislation for the Basin Plan, the Water Act, gains its constitutional legitimacy from international treaties such as the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. This Act mandated that water be returned from consumptive uses to the environment. An allocation of 2,750 GL/yr was set but has been reduced by the ‘Sustainable Diversion Limit Adjustment Mechanism’ (SDLAM), intended to achieve equivalent environmental benefits with less water. We present a synthesis of changes in decision contexts that have led to water reforms being ‘watered down’. We analysed the policy discourse of water reform to assess whether SDLAM projects will achieve outcomes congruent with Australia’s international treaty obligations. We found little or no alignment between the purpose of the SDLAM projects and the principles of the treaties and the Water Act. As water scarcity increases under climate change, attempting to conserve wetlands (including rivers) with less water while maintaining or increasing irrigation diversions is likely to prove maladaptive. A major reframing of environmental water policy and management is required to enable meaningful and effective adaptation to climate change.
{"title":"Unfortunate diversions: a policy discourse analysis on the adjustment of the volume of water returned to the environment in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia","authors":"Isobel Bender, M. Colloff, J. Pittock, C. Wyborn","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2077685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2077685","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Murray–Darling Basin Plan, a major initiative to return water from irrigators to the environment, has been lauded as world-class water reform. The enabling legislation for the Basin Plan, the Water Act, gains its constitutional legitimacy from international treaties such as the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. This Act mandated that water be returned from consumptive uses to the environment. An allocation of 2,750 GL/yr was set but has been reduced by the ‘Sustainable Diversion Limit Adjustment Mechanism’ (SDLAM), intended to achieve equivalent environmental benefits with less water. We present a synthesis of changes in decision contexts that have led to water reforms being ‘watered down’. We analysed the policy discourse of water reform to assess whether SDLAM projects will achieve outcomes congruent with Australia’s international treaty obligations. We found little or no alignment between the purpose of the SDLAM projects and the principles of the treaties and the Water Act. As water scarcity increases under climate change, attempting to conserve wetlands (including rivers) with less water while maintaining or increasing irrigation diversions is likely to prove maladaptive. A major reframing of environmental water policy and management is required to enable meaningful and effective adaptation to climate change.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"27 1","pages":"132 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44857532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-17DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2076300
Madeline R. Shelton, J. Bos, Kevin B. Collins, R. Ison, B. Iaquinto
ABSTRACT Transitioning to water sensitive cities (WSCs) in Australia is necessary for creating urban areas that are resilient to natural disasters, water shortages and climate change. In this paper we report research to enable systemic-transformations praxis. We brought together water practitioners from various sectors for a number of systemic inquiry events across five Australian cities to understand what was required to begin a transition to WSCs. Using an approach influenced by systemic innovation, we designed an inquiry-based learning system. Our learning system design made scientific knowledge available for interpretation, internalisation and contestation, by practitioners in different contexts. The workshops led to identification of characteristics of WSCs; relevant issues and opportunities; and commitments and constraints to action constituting a baseline data set for future evaluation of progress. Transitioning to WSCs requires leadership, a supportive institutional-sectoral environment, practical implementation of technologies in social contexts and increased collaboration involving knowledge co-production across disciplines and sectors. Systemic inquiry methods lend themselves to revealing the socially constructed nature of urban water as hybrids of the technical, natural and social. Despite some limitations, our approach enhanced institutional innovation and investment and offers insights into future research and planning for enabling systemic-transformations praxis in multiple sectors and contexts.
{"title":"Characterising water sensitive cities through inquiry-based learning systems","authors":"Madeline R. Shelton, J. Bos, Kevin B. Collins, R. Ison, B. Iaquinto","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2076300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2076300","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Transitioning to water sensitive cities (WSCs) in Australia is necessary for creating urban areas that are resilient to natural disasters, water shortages and climate change. In this paper we report research to enable systemic-transformations praxis. We brought together water practitioners from various sectors for a number of systemic inquiry events across five Australian cities to understand what was required to begin a transition to WSCs. Using an approach influenced by systemic innovation, we designed an inquiry-based learning system. Our learning system design made scientific knowledge available for interpretation, internalisation and contestation, by practitioners in different contexts. The workshops led to identification of characteristics of WSCs; relevant issues and opportunities; and commitments and constraints to action constituting a baseline data set for future evaluation of progress. Transitioning to WSCs requires leadership, a supportive institutional-sectoral environment, practical implementation of technologies in social contexts and increased collaboration involving knowledge co-production across disciplines and sectors. Systemic inquiry methods lend themselves to revealing the socially constructed nature of urban water as hybrids of the technical, natural and social. Despite some limitations, our approach enhanced institutional innovation and investment and offers insights into future research and planning for enabling systemic-transformations praxis in multiple sectors and contexts.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"162 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46855471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-16DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2074942
Zitian Gao, D. Guo, M. Peel, M. Stewardson
ABSTRACT Understanding long-term trends in streamflow is important for water resource management. In this study, we investigate the long-term streamflow trends at 47 gauging sites within the southern Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), Australia. This study aims to estimate regional streamflow trends while understanding the impact of catchment characteristics on the spatial variation in these trends. To achieve this, we applied a Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) to make the best use of available streamflow records from multiple sites and catchment characteristics such as climate, terrain, geology, land use and vegetation. The results show that streamflow trends from tested sites are consistently negative, with magnitudes of up to 2.7% per year relative to the annual average flow. We also find that spatial variability in trends can be best linked to differences in average climatic and terrain conditions. This finding can be used to inform future water planning for consumptive and environmental uses in the MDB.
{"title":"Understanding regional streamflow trend magnitudes in the Southern Murray-Darling Basin, Australia","authors":"Zitian Gao, D. Guo, M. Peel, M. Stewardson","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2074942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2074942","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding long-term trends in streamflow is important for water resource management. In this study, we investigate the long-term streamflow trends at 47 gauging sites within the southern Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), Australia. This study aims to estimate regional streamflow trends while understanding the impact of catchment characteristics on the spatial variation in these trends. To achieve this, we applied a Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) to make the best use of available streamflow records from multiple sites and catchment characteristics such as climate, terrain, geology, land use and vegetation. The results show that streamflow trends from tested sites are consistently negative, with magnitudes of up to 2.7% per year relative to the annual average flow. We also find that spatial variability in trends can be best linked to differences in average climatic and terrain conditions. This finding can be used to inform future water planning for consumptive and environmental uses in the MDB.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"213 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43747908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-25DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2031570
B. Boyden, Hendrik Van Rhijn, Barry Sharah
ABSTRACT Water utilities with a population base of greater than 50,000 people can have several economically viable options for ensuring their services provide climate resilience and carbon neutrality through optimisation of their two largest operational expenses (OPEX): power for STP aeration and power for water supply pumping. Energy optimisation can be approached from a number of perspectives, including design, equipment selection, instrumentation and control, energy recovery from the sewage, pumping off-peak, reuse of sewage and water treatment residuals, etc. Smaller water utilities with less than 50,000 people have less latitude for applying these approaches due the lack of economic viability for smaller facilities, lack of staff or other. Smaller water utilities must still strive towards reducing their carbon footprints but maintain affordability to rate payers. Public Works Advisory (PWA) provides technical, advisory and design services to Government Agency clients, including Local Government Areas or LGAs. The PWA partnership with LGAs assists at the local level to deliver on the commitments of NSW and Australia to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. Directly reducing the take and use of grid power supplied by coal fired power stations can have favourable outcomes, both for reducing GHGs and OPEX. The use of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Australia is particularly attractive due to the continent having the highest direct normal irradiation or DNI. Current literature gives few examples of real operating data from PV systems in duty on water infrastructure, particularly for smaller installations. PWA target the highest OPEX areas for management of water and sewage and demonstrate with actual operating data from three full-scale case studies. PV panels can be economically employed by smaller water utilities for acceptable Internal Rate of Returns (IRRs), with or without batteries, to help reduce their overall carbon footprints.
{"title":"Delivering sustainable water infrastructure to regional NSW communities","authors":"B. Boyden, Hendrik Van Rhijn, Barry Sharah","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2031570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2031570","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water utilities with a population base of greater than 50,000 people can have several economically viable options for ensuring their services provide climate resilience and carbon neutrality through optimisation of their two largest operational expenses (OPEX): power for STP aeration and power for water supply pumping. Energy optimisation can be approached from a number of perspectives, including design, equipment selection, instrumentation and control, energy recovery from the sewage, pumping off-peak, reuse of sewage and water treatment residuals, etc. Smaller water utilities with less than 50,000 people have less latitude for applying these approaches due the lack of economic viability for smaller facilities, lack of staff or other. Smaller water utilities must still strive towards reducing their carbon footprints but maintain affordability to rate payers. Public Works Advisory (PWA) provides technical, advisory and design services to Government Agency clients, including Local Government Areas or LGAs. The PWA partnership with LGAs assists at the local level to deliver on the commitments of NSW and Australia to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. Directly reducing the take and use of grid power supplied by coal fired power stations can have favourable outcomes, both for reducing GHGs and OPEX. The use of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in Australia is particularly attractive due to the continent having the highest direct normal irradiation or DNI. Current literature gives few examples of real operating data from PV systems in duty on water infrastructure, particularly for smaller installations. PWA target the highest OPEX areas for management of water and sewage and demonstrate with actual operating data from three full-scale case studies. PV panels can be economically employed by smaller water utilities for acceptable Internal Rate of Returns (IRRs), with or without batteries, to help reduce their overall carbon footprints.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"199 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49373725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2088136
B. Hart, A. Fenemor
ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to link two Special Issues of the Australasian Journal of Water Resources – this Issue on Improved Water Planning and another in preparation on Review of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan 2026: An opportunity to reconsider the management of the Murray–Darling Basin. The two Special Issues have a number of common threads which are discussed, namely: integration between water policy and other major policy areas; accounting for climate change; decision-making processes; and Indigenous involvement.
{"title":"Water planning in Australasia","authors":"B. Hart, A. Fenemor","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2088136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2088136","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to link two Special Issues of the Australasian Journal of Water Resources – this Issue on Improved Water Planning and another in preparation on Review of the Murray-Darling Basin Plan 2026: An opportunity to reconsider the management of the Murray–Darling Basin. The two Special Issues have a number of common threads which are discussed, namely: integration between water policy and other major policy areas; accounting for climate change; decision-making processes; and Indigenous involvement.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"153 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2088138
Joanne L. Tingey-Holyoak, A. Fenemor, G. Syme
Recently, there has been concern about social fragmentation, especially in western democracies, where trust in mainstream political processes and support of populist politicians has revealed that sections of the community feel isolated and disempowered. This phenomenon is also exemplified in the increasingly troublesome issues of environmental policy and management (Newig and Rose 2020). Responses to climate change have been inconsistent as systems approaches are required from societies when many institutions are currently organised only to deal with problems one at a time and in a sequential manner. The need for an integrated approach is best illustrated here by the requirements of water resources management. In the water cycle, there is an imperative to define each issue in terms of its relationship to another component. Everything is related to everything else. Upstream land use and management practices not only affect downstream water flows but also water quality (Fenemor et al. 2011a). There is little point in managing groundwater without understanding its relationship to surface water (Abbott et al. 2019; NZ Hydrological Society 2021). When catchment dams are poorly managed during drought, such as through spillway blocking or neglect, they can then fail under pressure from intense rain and exacerbate flood conditions (Tingey-Holyoak 2014; Pisaniello and Tingey-Holyoak 2017; Becker 2021). Problems occur when urban water is managed without reference to the catchments it comes from, or the receiving water environment (Vörösmarty et al. 2010). The way water is managed also has an obvious effect on uses and values as diverse as food production, industrial processing, recreation, and culture. This Special Issue addresses a range of policy issues pertaining to the economic, environmental, and sociocultural barriers and opportunities for more sustainable water management and planning. Papers on markets including investigating water trading in ways that go beyond popular approaches to consider the socioeconomic, ecological, and cultural needs, covering determinants of irrigators’ valuing of water in Australia (Haensch 2022), and whether water trading is a viable option for Aotearoa-New Zealand (Booker et al., 2022). Papers focused on equity and governance in water planning consider social justice implications of water planning (Brown et al. 2022; O’Donnell et al., 2022) and the need for improved stakeholder engagement (Broderick and McFarlane et al. 2022). Papers also consider the need for collaborative approaches, including how we design more holistic frameworks for New Zealand’s indigenous people (Robson-Williams, Painter, and Kirk 2022), how lessons from the past can inform the future and help design improved decisionmaking frameworks (Harcourt, Robson-Williams, and Tamepo 2022), and how intermediaries may assist in this process (Kirk et al. 2022). At the centre of these papers is the thesis that water underpins the wellbeing of the planet and th
最近，人们一直担心社会分裂，尤其是在西方民主国家，对主流政治进程的信任和对民粹主义政治家的支持表明，社会上的某些部分感到孤立和被剥夺了权力。这种现象也体现在日益棘手的环境政策和管理问题上(Newig和Rose 2020)。对气候变化的反应一直不一致，因为当许多机构目前只组织起来以顺序的方式一次处理一个问题时，社会需要系统方法。水资源管理的要求在这里最好地说明了采取综合办法的必要性。在水循环中，有必要根据每个问题与另一个组成部分的关系来定义每个问题。每件事都是相互联系的。上游土地利用和管理实践不仅影响下游水流，还影响水质(Fenemor et al. 2011a)。如果不了解地下水与地表水的关系，管理地下水就没有什么意义(Abbott et al. 2019;新西兰水文学会(2021)。在干旱期间，如果集水区水坝管理不善，例如溢洪道堵塞或被忽视，它们可能会在强降雨的压力下失效，并加剧洪水状况(Tingey-Holyoak 2014;Pisaniello and Tingey-Holyoak 2017;贝克尔2021)。当管理城市用水时，没有参考其来源的集水区或接收水环境，就会出现问题(Vörösmarty等人，2010年)。水的管理方式也对食品生产、工业加工、娱乐和文化等多种用途和价值产生明显影响。本期特刊讨论了一系列与经济、环境和社会文化障碍有关的政策问题，以及实现更可持续的水资源管理和规划的机会。关于市场的论文包括以超越流行方法的方式调查水交易，以考虑社会经济，生态和文化需求，涵盖澳大利亚灌溉者对水的价值的决定因素(Haensch 2022)，以及水交易是否是aotearoa -新西兰的可行选择(Booker et al.， 2022)。专注于水规划中的公平和治理的论文考虑了水规划的社会正义影响(Brown et al. 2022;O 'Donnell et al.， 2022)以及改善利益相关者参与的必要性(Broderick and McFarlane et al. 2022)。论文还考虑了协作方法的必要性，包括我们如何为新西兰土著人民设计更全面的框架(Robson-Williams, Painter, and Kirk 2022)，过去的教训如何为未来提供信息并帮助设计改进的决策框架(Harcourt, Robson-Williams, and Tamepo 2022)，以及中介机构如何在这一过程中提供帮助(Kirk et al. 2022)。这些论文的核心论点是，水支撑着地球和生活在地球上的人类的福祉，并在灵性方面发挥着关键作用(Caron等人，2021;Cooper and Crase 2016)。我们如何管理水循环是我们社会在生理、心理和精神上运作良好的直接指标，也是人类生态进化的重要基础(Abbott et al. 2019;Fenemor et al. 2011)。这篇社论通过考虑我们通过水所满足的需求修正范围(Syme et al. 2008)的视角来分享什么。本特刊中的论文链接随后被制作出来，并为我们如何在未来做得更好提供了经验教训。
{"title":"Enhancing the value of water: the need to start from somewhere else","authors":"Joanne L. Tingey-Holyoak, A. Fenemor, G. Syme","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2088138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2088138","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, there has been concern about social fragmentation, especially in western democracies, where trust in mainstream political processes and support of populist politicians has revealed that sections of the community feel isolated and disempowered. This phenomenon is also exemplified in the increasingly troublesome issues of environmental policy and management (Newig and Rose 2020). Responses to climate change have been inconsistent as systems approaches are required from societies when many institutions are currently organised only to deal with problems one at a time and in a sequential manner. The need for an integrated approach is best illustrated here by the requirements of water resources management. In the water cycle, there is an imperative to define each issue in terms of its relationship to another component. Everything is related to everything else. Upstream land use and management practices not only affect downstream water flows but also water quality (Fenemor et al. 2011a). There is little point in managing groundwater without understanding its relationship to surface water (Abbott et al. 2019; NZ Hydrological Society 2021). When catchment dams are poorly managed during drought, such as through spillway blocking or neglect, they can then fail under pressure from intense rain and exacerbate flood conditions (Tingey-Holyoak 2014; Pisaniello and Tingey-Holyoak 2017; Becker 2021). Problems occur when urban water is managed without reference to the catchments it comes from, or the receiving water environment (Vörösmarty et al. 2010). The way water is managed also has an obvious effect on uses and values as diverse as food production, industrial processing, recreation, and culture. This Special Issue addresses a range of policy issues pertaining to the economic, environmental, and sociocultural barriers and opportunities for more sustainable water management and planning. Papers on markets including investigating water trading in ways that go beyond popular approaches to consider the socioeconomic, ecological, and cultural needs, covering determinants of irrigators’ valuing of water in Australia (Haensch 2022), and whether water trading is a viable option for Aotearoa-New Zealand (Booker et al., 2022). Papers focused on equity and governance in water planning consider social justice implications of water planning (Brown et al. 2022; O’Donnell et al., 2022) and the need for improved stakeholder engagement (Broderick and McFarlane et al. 2022). Papers also consider the need for collaborative approaches, including how we design more holistic frameworks for New Zealand’s indigenous people (Robson-Williams, Painter, and Kirk 2022), how lessons from the past can inform the future and help design improved decisionmaking frameworks (Harcourt, Robson-Williams, and Tamepo 2022), and how intermediaries may assist in this process (Kirk et al. 2022). At the centre of these papers is the thesis that water underpins the wellbeing of the planet and th","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42193300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2049053
E. O’Donnell, S. Jackson, M. Langton, L. Godden
ABSTRACT Increased scrutiny and contestation over recent water allocation practices and licencing decisions in the Northern Territory (NT) have exposed numerous inadequacies in its regulatory framework. Benchmarking against the National Water Initiative shows that NT lags behind national standards for water management. We describe key weaknesses in NT’s water law and policy, particularly for Indigenous rights and interests. NT is experiencing an acceleration of development, and is conceptualised as a ‘hydrological frontier’, where water governance has institutionalised regulatory spaces of inclusion and exclusion that entrench and (re)produce inequities and insecurities in water access. Regulations demarcate spaces in which laws and licencing practices provide certainty and security of rights for some water users, with opportunities to benefit from water development and services, while leaving much of NT (areas predominantly owned and occupied by Indigenous peoples) outside these legal protections. Water allocation and planning, as well as water service provision, continue to reinforce and reproduce racialised access to (and denial of) water rights. Combining an analysis of the law and policies that apply to water for economic development with those designed to regulate domestic water supply, we present a comprehensive and current picture of water insecurity for Indigenous peoples across the NT.
{"title":"Racialized water governance: the ‘hydrological frontier’ in the Northern Territory, Australia","authors":"E. O’Donnell, S. Jackson, M. Langton, L. Godden","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2049053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2049053","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increased scrutiny and contestation over recent water allocation practices and licencing decisions in the Northern Territory (NT) have exposed numerous inadequacies in its regulatory framework. Benchmarking against the National Water Initiative shows that NT lags behind national standards for water management. We describe key weaknesses in NT’s water law and policy, particularly for Indigenous rights and interests. NT is experiencing an acceleration of development, and is conceptualised as a ‘hydrological frontier’, where water governance has institutionalised regulatory spaces of inclusion and exclusion that entrench and (re)produce inequities and insecurities in water access. Regulations demarcate spaces in which laws and licencing practices provide certainty and security of rights for some water users, with opportunities to benefit from water development and services, while leaving much of NT (areas predominantly owned and occupied by Indigenous peoples) outside these legal protections. Water allocation and planning, as well as water service provision, continue to reinforce and reproduce racialised access to (and denial of) water rights. Combining an analysis of the law and policies that apply to water for economic development with those designed to regulate domestic water supply, we present a comprehensive and current picture of water insecurity for Indigenous peoples across the NT.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"59 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47429852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2042060
D. Booker, Katherine Booker, C. Muller, C. Rajanayaka, Andre Konia
ABSTRACT Water trading has been proposed as an effective mechanism for delivering economic benefits within environmental limits. It represents one possibility for applying a dynamic allocation framework within which environmental river flows can be monitored and improved to support ecological, cultural, aesthetical and recreational values. Based on international experience, requirements for the successful implementation of water trading are assessed in the Aotearoa-New Zealand context. It is concluded that, if the environment is recognised as a water user, water trading has potential to promote sustainable water use but is associated with significant set-up and ongoing costs. A co-governance policy framework for water trading has not been agreed by iwi/hapū and the Crown based on Te Tiriti o Waitangi (1840). The institutional capacity required for development and implementation of trading is currently lacking, and the roles that government agencies and iwi/hapū would play are unclear. Market operational requirements relating to collection, collation and communication of hydrological data are only partially in place. Finally, New Zealand’s flashy hydrology is not conducive to seasonal water trading and smaller catchments may contain insufficient users to constitute a functioning market. Water trading should therefore not be viewed as an easily implementable solution for improved freshwater management.
{"title":"Freshwater management in Aotearoa-New Zealand: is trading a viable option for water quantity allocation?","authors":"D. Booker, Katherine Booker, C. Muller, C. Rajanayaka, Andre Konia","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2042060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2042060","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water trading has been proposed as an effective mechanism for delivering economic benefits within environmental limits. It represents one possibility for applying a dynamic allocation framework within which environmental river flows can be monitored and improved to support ecological, cultural, aesthetical and recreational values. Based on international experience, requirements for the successful implementation of water trading are assessed in the Aotearoa-New Zealand context. It is concluded that, if the environment is recognised as a water user, water trading has potential to promote sustainable water use but is associated with significant set-up and ongoing costs. A co-governance policy framework for water trading has not been agreed by iwi/hapū and the Crown based on Te Tiriti o Waitangi (1840). The institutional capacity required for development and implementation of trading is currently lacking, and the roles that government agencies and iwi/hapū would play are unclear. Market operational requirements relating to collection, collation and communication of hydrological data are only partially in place. Finally, New Zealand’s flashy hydrology is not conducive to seasonal water trading and smaller catchments may contain insufficient users to constitute a functioning market. Water trading should therefore not be viewed as an easily implementable solution for improved freshwater management.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"20 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48364462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2073865
N. Kirk, Melissa Robson-Williams, A. Fenemor, N. Heath
ABSTRACT Intermediaries are actors who assist with sustainability transitions. Intermediaries connect, translate, and facilitate flows of information between different groups by positioning themselves between these groups. In this paper we focus on the roles of freshwater intermediaries who have been employed by local authorities and ask how these intermediaries help communities achieve freshwater quality improvements. To answer this question, we present three case studies of freshwater intermediaries working to improve freshwater quality in the Hawke’s Bay region of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). Our results suggest that intermediaries can help communities improve freshwater quality if they are given the time and resources to establish long-term relationships with communities, and if they are able to synchronise freshwater intermediary work with regional and national freshwater policy objectives. We conclude by arguing that freshwater intermediary work has been undervalued in NZ land and water management, resulting in local and central government attempting to resolve freshwater quality concerns through increasingly prescriptive and complex policy in regulations. Some specific lessons for use of freshwater intermediaries in New Zealand conclude the paper.
{"title":"Employing intermediaries to achieve freshwater quality improvements: lessons from catchment groups in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"N. Kirk, Melissa Robson-Williams, A. Fenemor, N. Heath","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2073865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2073865","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intermediaries are actors who assist with sustainability transitions. Intermediaries connect, translate, and facilitate flows of information between different groups by positioning themselves between these groups. In this paper we focus on the roles of freshwater intermediaries who have been employed by local authorities and ask how these intermediaries help communities achieve freshwater quality improvements. To answer this question, we present three case studies of freshwater intermediaries working to improve freshwater quality in the Hawke’s Bay region of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). Our results suggest that intermediaries can help communities improve freshwater quality if they are given the time and resources to establish long-term relationships with communities, and if they are able to synchronise freshwater intermediary work with regional and national freshwater policy objectives. We conclude by arguing that freshwater intermediary work has been undervalued in NZ land and water management, resulting in local and central government attempting to resolve freshwater quality concerns through increasingly prescriptive and complex policy in regulations. Some specific lessons for use of freshwater intermediaries in New Zealand conclude the paper.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"104 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44750365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13241583.2022.2074941
J. Haensch
ABSTRACT Although many studies have examined irrigators’ water trading behaviour, little is known about how irrigators value their water, especially for their water entitlements (permanent water rights). This article’s aim is to assess the determinants of irrigators’ values for their water (i.e. price choices for selling and buying of water entitlements). Specifically, we focus on spatial determinants and how irrigators’ price choices vary spatially. We used stated preferences data from an irrigator survey in the southern Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia at the end of the Millennium drought (2011). It was found that (spatial) influences affect the price choices of the selling and buying decision differently depending e.g. on irrigators’ location in the southern MDB, i.e. with regards to rural areas, lower resource areas and the regional socio-economic index. Furthermore, irrigators’ valued their water differently if they owned it compared to if they were going to own it, which may relate to the ‘endowment effect’.
{"title":"The spatial distribution and determinants of irrigators’ price choices for water entitlement trading","authors":"J. Haensch","doi":"10.1080/13241583.2022.2074941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2022.2074941","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although many studies have examined irrigators’ water trading behaviour, little is known about how irrigators value their water, especially for their water entitlements (permanent water rights). This article’s aim is to assess the determinants of irrigators’ values for their water (i.e. price choices for selling and buying of water entitlements). Specifically, we focus on spatial determinants and how irrigators’ price choices vary spatially. We used stated preferences data from an irrigator survey in the southern Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia at the end of the Millennium drought (2011). It was found that (spatial) influences affect the price choices of the selling and buying decision differently depending e.g. on irrigators’ location in the southern MDB, i.e. with regards to rural areas, lower resource areas and the regional socio-economic index. Furthermore, irrigators’ valued their water differently if they owned it compared to if they were going to own it, which may relate to the ‘endowment effect’.","PeriodicalId":51870,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Journal of Water Resources","volume":"26 1","pages":"7 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41356914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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