It took three weeks of waiting and six days of fighting to change the face of the Middle East. The military countdown to the war started on May 15, 1967, with the crossing of the first Egyptian tanks from the Suez Canal into the Sinai. Although this action surprised Israel, it was closely related to tensions and military clashes that had taken place much earlier along Israel’s borders, especially with Jordan and Syria. The 1956 Suez War had ended with Israel having to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula and the Tiran Straits, but with two major achievements: First, the Eisenhower administration pledged to Israel that the United States would regard the re-closure of the Straits by Egypt as a casus belli that would allow Israel to act in accordance with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter concerning self-defense. The second was the placement of UN observers (the United Nations Emergency Force, UNEF) along the Israeli-Egyptian border.
{"title":"The Six Day War","authors":"A. Pickert, Randolph S. Churchill, W. Churchill","doi":"10.4324/9780203787274-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203787274-8","url":null,"abstract":"It took three weeks of waiting and six days of fighting to change the face of the Middle East. The military countdown to the war started on May 15, 1967, with the crossing of the first Egyptian tanks from the Suez Canal into the Sinai. Although this action surprised Israel, it was closely related to tensions and military clashes that had taken place much earlier along Israel’s borders, especially with Jordan and Syria. The 1956 Suez War had ended with Israel having to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula and the Tiran Straits, but with two major achievements: First, the Eisenhower administration pledged to Israel that the United States would regard the re-closure of the Straits by Egypt as a casus belli that would allow Israel to act in accordance with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter concerning self-defense. The second was the placement of UN observers (the United Nations Emergency Force, UNEF) along the Israeli-Egyptian border.","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70593832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1: Constructing Pirates, Piracy, and Governance: An Introduction, Michael Struett and Mark Nance Section 1: Constructions through Law 2: Cicero's Ghost: Rethinking the Social Construction of Piracy, Harry Gould 3: A Global War on Piracy: International Law and the Use of Force Against Sea Pirates, Eric Heinze 4: Maritime Piracy and the Impunity Gap: Domestic Implementation of International Treaty Provisions, Yvonne Dutton Section 2: Constructions through Institutions 5. Security Communities, Alliances, and Macrosecuritization: The Practices of Counter-Piracy Governance, Christian Bueger and Jan Stockbruegger 6. Conflicting Constructions: Maritime Piracy and Cooperation under Regime Complexes, Mark Nance and Michael Struett 7. Frame, Humanitarianism, and Legitimacy: Explaining the Anti-Piracy Regime in the Gulf of Aden, Kevin McGahan and Terence Lee Section 3: Rethinking the Construction of Global Governance for Maritime Piracy 8. The limit(ation)s of International Society? The English School, Somali Pirates and the burdens of interpretation, Brent Steele 9. Conclusion, Bruce Cronin
1:构建海盗，海盗和治理:介绍，迈克尔·斯特鲁特和马克·南斯第1节:通过法律构建2:西塞罗的幽灵:重新思考海盗的社会构建，哈里·古尔德3:全球海盗战争:国际法和对海盗使用武力，埃里克·海因策4:海盗和有罪不罚差距:国际条约条款的国内实施，伊冯娜·达顿第2节:通过制度构建5。《安全社区、联盟和宏观证券化:反海盗治理的实践》，Christian Bueger, Jan Stockbruegger 6。《冲突结构:政权复合体下的海盗与合作》，马克·南斯、迈克尔·斯特瑞特著。《框架、人道主义与合法性:对亚丁湾反海盗制度的解释》，Kevin McGahan, Terence Lee，第3部分:对海盗全球治理构建的反思。国际社会的界限是什么?《英语学派、索马里海盗和翻译的负担》，布伦特·斯蒂尔著。总结，布鲁斯·克罗宁
{"title":"Maritime Piracy and the Construction of Global Governance","authors":"Michael J. Struett, J. D. Carlson, Mark T. Nance","doi":"10.4324/9780203111550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203111550","url":null,"abstract":"1: Constructing Pirates, Piracy, and Governance: An Introduction, Michael Struett and Mark Nance Section 1: Constructions through Law 2: Cicero's Ghost: Rethinking the Social Construction of Piracy, Harry Gould 3: A Global War on Piracy: International Law and the Use of Force Against Sea Pirates, Eric Heinze 4: Maritime Piracy and the Impunity Gap: Domestic Implementation of International Treaty Provisions, Yvonne Dutton Section 2: Constructions through Institutions 5. Security Communities, Alliances, and Macrosecuritization: The Practices of Counter-Piracy Governance, Christian Bueger and Jan Stockbruegger 6. Conflicting Constructions: Maritime Piracy and Cooperation under Regime Complexes, Mark Nance and Michael Struett 7. Frame, Humanitarianism, and Legitimacy: Explaining the Anti-Piracy Regime in the Gulf of Aden, Kevin McGahan and Terence Lee Section 3: Rethinking the Construction of Global Governance for Maritime Piracy 8. The limit(ation)s of International Society? The English School, Somali Pirates and the burdens of interpretation, Brent Steele 9. Conclusion, Bruce Cronin","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"43 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70577355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What does the world admire most about America? Science, technology, higher education, consumer goods-but not, it seems, freedom and democracy. Indeed, these ideals are in global retreat, for reasons ranging from ill-conceived foreign policy to the financial crisis and the sophisticated propaganda of modern authoritarians. Another reason, explored for the first time in this pathbreaking book, is the distorted picture of freedom and democracy found in America's cultural exports. In interviews with thoughtful observers in eleven countries, Martha Bayles heard many objections to the violence and vulgarity pervading today's popular culture. But she also heard a deeper complaint: namely, that America no longer shares the best of itself. Tracing this change to the end of the Cold War, Bayles shows how public diplomacy was scaled back, and in-your-face entertainment became America's de facto ambassador. This book focuses on the present and recent past, but its perspective is deeply rooted in American history, culture, religion, and political thought. At its heart is an affirmation of a certain ethos-of hope for human freedom tempered with prudence about human nature-that is truly the aspect of America most admired by others. And its author's purpose is less to find fault than to help chart a positive path for the future.
{"title":"Through a Screen Darkly: Popular Culture, Public Diplomacy, and America's Image Abroad","authors":"M. Bayles","doi":"10.5860/choice.51-6354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-6354","url":null,"abstract":"What does the world admire most about America? Science, technology, higher education, consumer goods-but not, it seems, freedom and democracy. Indeed, these ideals are in global retreat, for reasons ranging from ill-conceived foreign policy to the financial crisis and the sophisticated propaganda of modern authoritarians. Another reason, explored for the first time in this pathbreaking book, is the distorted picture of freedom and democracy found in America's cultural exports. In interviews with thoughtful observers in eleven countries, Martha Bayles heard many objections to the violence and vulgarity pervading today's popular culture. But she also heard a deeper complaint: namely, that America no longer shares the best of itself. Tracing this change to the end of the Cold War, Bayles shows how public diplomacy was scaled back, and in-your-face entertainment became America's de facto ambassador. This book focuses on the present and recent past, but its perspective is deeply rooted in American history, culture, religion, and political thought. At its heart is an affirmation of a certain ethos-of hope for human freedom tempered with prudence about human nature-that is truly the aspect of America most admired by others. And its author's purpose is less to find fault than to help chart a positive path for the future.","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71146077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Generals: American Military Command from World War II to Today","authors":"W. Murray","doi":"10.5860/choice.51-1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-1077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"70 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71143341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the U.S. military presence in the Middle East winds down, Asia and the Pacific are receiving increased attention from the American national security community. The Obama administration has announced a "rebalancing" of the U.S. military posture in the region, in reaction primarily to the startling improvement in Chinese air and naval capabilities over the last decade or so. This timely study sets out to assess the implications of this shift for the long-established U.S. military presence in Asia and the Pacific. This presence is anchored in a complex basing infrastructure that scholars--and Americans generally--too often take for granted. In remedying this state of affairs, this volume offers a detailed survey and analysis of this infrastructure, its history, the political complications it has frequently given rise to, and its recent and likely future evolution. American seapower requires a robust constellation of bases to support global power projection. Given the rise of China and the emergence of the Asia-Pacific as the center of global economic growth and strategic contention, nowhere is American basing access more important than in this region. Yet manifold political and military challenges, stemming not least of which from rapidly-improving Chinese long-range precision strike capabilities, complicate the future of American access and security here. This book addresses what will be needed to maintain the fundaments of U.S. seapower and force projection in the Asia-Pacific, and where the key trend lines are headed in that regard. This book demonstrates that U.S. Asia-Pacific basing and access is increasingly vital, yet increasingly vulnerable. It demands far more attention than the limited coverage it has received to date, and cannot be taken for granted. More must be done to preserve capabilities and access upon which American and allied security and prosperity depend.
{"title":"Basing and the Pivot: Rebalancing U.S. Forces: Basing and Forward Presence in the Asia-Pacific","authors":"R. Harkavy, C. Lord, Andrew S. Erickson","doi":"10.1355/CS37-1J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1355/CS37-1J","url":null,"abstract":"As the U.S. military presence in the Middle East winds down, Asia and the Pacific are receiving increased attention from the American national security community. The Obama administration has announced a \"rebalancing\" of the U.S. military posture in the region, in reaction primarily to the startling improvement in Chinese air and naval capabilities over the last decade or so. This timely study sets out to assess the implications of this shift for the long-established U.S. military presence in Asia and the Pacific. This presence is anchored in a complex basing infrastructure that scholars--and Americans generally--too often take for granted. In remedying this state of affairs, this volume offers a detailed survey and analysis of this infrastructure, its history, the political complications it has frequently given rise to, and its recent and likely future evolution. American seapower requires a robust constellation of bases to support global power projection. Given the rise of China and the emergence of the Asia-Pacific as the center of global economic growth and strategic contention, nowhere is American basing access more important than in this region. Yet manifold political and military challenges, stemming not least of which from rapidly-improving Chinese long-range precision strike capabilities, complicate the future of American access and security here. This book addresses what will be needed to maintain the fundaments of U.S. seapower and force projection in the Asia-Pacific, and where the key trend lines are headed in that regard. This book demonstrates that U.S. Asia-Pacific basing and access is increasingly vital, yet increasingly vulnerable. It demands far more attention than the limited coverage it has received to date, and cannot be taken for granted. More must be done to preserve capabilities and access upon which American and allied security and prosperity depend.","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"67 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66565072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130080039
J. Hattendorf
C’est une très belle biographie de George F. Kennan que nous livre John L. Gaddis. À partir de sources nouvelles, l’auteur retrace minutieusement la vie de G.F. Kennan, plus riche et plus complexe que beaucoup certainement ne le pensent. Or l’approche biographique est essentielle pour comprendre certains aspects des réflexions et recommandations de G.F. Kennan. On sait tout juste aujourd’hui de lui qu’il a été l’inventeur du containment face à l’URSS. On se souvient parfois vaguement qu’il aurait renié son enfant et serait ensuite devenu, très vite, un apôtre de la détente, voire d’une certaine forme de neutralisme en Europe. Le personnage prend ici de l’épaisseur et de la profondeur. On découvre un homme d’une très grande sensibilité, cyclothymique mais toujours égal à lui-même, que ce soit avec les hauts responsables américains ou soviétiques, à Princeton ou en famille, dans la ferme qu’il restaure et aménage lui-même. On découvre ses origines familiales, son grand-oncle George Kennan, spécialiste de la Russie en son temps, dont les Soviétiques gardaient encore un souvenir « positif ». C’est toute l’Amérique du Middle West qui paraît peut-être provinciale mais beaucoup moins mal équipée intellectuellement et moralement dès la fin du XIXe siècle pour se lancer dans la politique mondiale qu’on ne le pense communément.
{"title":"George F. Kennan: An American Life","authors":"J. Hattendorf","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130080039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130080039","url":null,"abstract":"C’est une très belle biographie de George F. Kennan que nous livre John L. Gaddis. À partir de sources nouvelles, l’auteur retrace minutieusement la vie de G.F. Kennan, plus riche et plus complexe que beaucoup certainement ne le pensent. Or l’approche biographique est essentielle pour comprendre certains aspects des réflexions et recommandations de G.F. Kennan. On sait tout juste aujourd’hui de lui qu’il a été l’inventeur du containment face à l’URSS. On se souvient parfois vaguement qu’il aurait renié son enfant et serait ensuite devenu, très vite, un apôtre de la détente, voire d’une certaine forme de neutralisme en Europe. Le personnage prend ici de l’épaisseur et de la profondeur. On découvre un homme d’une très grande sensibilité, cyclothymique mais toujours égal à lui-même, que ce soit avec les hauts responsables américains ou soviétiques, à Princeton ou en famille, dans la ferme qu’il restaure et aménage lui-même. On découvre ses origines familiales, son grand-oncle George Kennan, spécialiste de la Russie en son temps, dont les Soviétiques gardaient encore un souvenir « positif ». C’est toute l’Amérique du Middle West qui paraît peut-être provinciale mais beaucoup moins mal équipée intellectuellement et moralement dès la fin du XIXe siècle pour se lancer dans la politique mondiale qu’on ne le pense communément.","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"67 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64414067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim260060021
D. Dolan
{"title":"The Twilight War: The Secret History of America’s Thirty-Year Conflict with Iran","authors":"D. Dolan","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim260060021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim260060021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"66 1","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64432304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eisenhower: In War and Peace","authors":"Richard J. Norton","doi":"10.5860/choice.50-0485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-0485","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"63 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71138865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140160116
Dale C. Rielage
{"title":"The China Threat: Memories, Myths, and Realities in the 1950s","authors":"Dale C. Rielage","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140160116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140160116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"66 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64415926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Routledge Handbook of Ethics and War: Just War Theory in the Twenty-First Century","authors":"Fritz Allhoff, Nicholas Evans, Adam Henschke","doi":"10.5860/choice.51-3176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-3176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":"70 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71144943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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