{"title":"Dewey at Manila Bay—Lessons in Operational Art and Operational Leadership from America’s First Fleet Admiral","authors":"Derek B. Granger","doi":"10.21236/ada535542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21236/ada535542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2010-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67988228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090103
Jonathan B. Parshall
{"title":"Research & Debate—Reflecting on Fuchida, or “A Tale of Three Whoppers”","authors":"Jonathan B. Parshall","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2010-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64414452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"China Goes to Sea: Maritime Transformation in Comparative Historical Perspective","authors":"J. Black","doi":"10.5860/choice.47-5167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-5167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71129419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At a time when democracy seems to be in retreat in many parts of the world, Africa presents a more mixed picture. A number of African countries have been convulsed by high-profile crises, while others have quietly continued making progress on the difficult path toward democratic stability. Democratization in Africa: Progress and Retreat brings into focus the complex landscape of African politics by pairing broad analytical surveys with country-specific case studies-most previously published in the Journal of Democracy and all written by prominent Africanists with deep knowledge of the continent and their subject countries. Thematic chapters address some of the major forces working for and against African democracy: the phenomenon of "frontier Africa"; presidentialism; the rise of independent legislatures; the rule of law versus the "big man"; the institutionalization of political power; the decline of military coups; the paradox of growth without prosperity; and the roles of formal and informal institutions. Countries examined include Angola, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somaliland, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Democratization in Africa: Progress and Retreat is an essential primer for students of African politics and those interested in the future of democracy around the world. Contributors: Kate Baldwin, Joel D. Barkan, Michael Bratton, Michael Chege, John F. Clark, Larry Diamond, Steven Friedman, Kenneth Good, E. Gyimah-Boadi, Barak Hoffman, Richard Joseph, Seth Kaplan, Maina Kiai, Peter Lewis, Eldred Masunungure, Penda Mbow, Andrew M. Mwenda, Dave Peterson, Daniel N. Posner, H. Kwasi Prempeh, Lindsay Robinson, Paula Cristina Roque, Rotimi T. Suberu, Herbert F. Weiss, Christopher Wyrod, Daniel J. Young
在世界许多地方民主似乎正在退却的时候，非洲呈现出一幅更加复杂的画面。一些非洲国家受到引人注目的危机的震撼，而另一些国家则悄悄地继续在通往民主稳定的艰难道路上取得进展。《非洲的民主化:进步与后退》通过将广泛的分析调查与具体国家的案例研究相结合，将非洲政治的复杂图景聚焦在一起。这些案例研究大多发表在《民主杂志》上，都是由对非洲大陆及其研究对象国家有深入了解的著名非洲学家撰写的。专题章节论述了支持和反对非洲民主的一些主要力量:“非洲边疆”现象;扭转战局;独立立法机构的兴起;法治与“大人物”之争;政治权力的制度化;军事政变的减少;没有繁荣的增长悖论;以及正式和非正式机构的作用。调查的国家包括安哥拉、博茨瓦纳、刚果民主共和国、加纳、肯尼亚、利比里亚、尼日利亚、塞内加尔、塞拉利昂、索马里兰、南非、坦桑尼亚、乌干达、赞比亚和津巴布韦。《非洲民主化:进步与退步》是研究非洲政治的学生和对世界各地民主未来感兴趣的人的必备入门读物。撰稿人:Kate Baldwin, Joel D. Barkan, Michael Bratton, Michael Chege, John F. Clark, Larry Diamond, Steven Friedman, Kenneth Good, E. Gyimah-Boadi, Barak Hoffman, Richard Joseph, Seth Kaplan, Maina Kiai, Peter Lewis, Eldred masununure, Penda Mbow, Andrew M. Mwenda, Dave Peterson, Daniel N. Posner, H. Kwasi Prempeh, Lindsay Robinson, Paula Cristina Roque, Rotimi T. Suberu, Herbert F. Weiss, Christopher Wyrod, Daniel J. Young
{"title":"Democratization in Africa : progress and retreat","authors":"L. Diamond, Marc F. Plattner","doi":"10.5860/choice.48-0507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.48-0507","url":null,"abstract":"At a time when democracy seems to be in retreat in many parts of the world, Africa presents a more mixed picture. A number of African countries have been convulsed by high-profile crises, while others have quietly continued making progress on the difficult path toward democratic stability. Democratization in Africa: Progress and Retreat brings into focus the complex landscape of African politics by pairing broad analytical surveys with country-specific case studies-most previously published in the Journal of Democracy and all written by prominent Africanists with deep knowledge of the continent and their subject countries. Thematic chapters address some of the major forces working for and against African democracy: the phenomenon of \"frontier Africa\"; presidentialism; the rise of independent legislatures; the rule of law versus the \"big man\"; the institutionalization of political power; the decline of military coups; the paradox of growth without prosperity; and the roles of formal and informal institutions. Countries examined include Angola, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somaliland, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Democratization in Africa: Progress and Retreat is an essential primer for students of African politics and those interested in the future of democracy around the world. Contributors: Kate Baldwin, Joel D. Barkan, Michael Bratton, Michael Chege, John F. Clark, Larry Diamond, Steven Friedman, Kenneth Good, E. Gyimah-Boadi, Barak Hoffman, Richard Joseph, Seth Kaplan, Maina Kiai, Peter Lewis, Eldred Masunungure, Penda Mbow, Andrew M. Mwenda, Dave Peterson, Daniel N. Posner, H. Kwasi Prempeh, Lindsay Robinson, Paula Cristina Roque, Rotimi T. Suberu, Herbert F. Weiss, Christopher Wyrod, Daniel J. Young","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71130978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140080017
Richmond M. Lloyd
{"title":"Creating the National Security State:A History of the Law That Transformed America","authors":"Richmond M. Lloyd","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140080017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim140080017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64416064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-10-01DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090097
J. Black
{"title":"Midway and the Indian Ocean","authors":"J. Black","doi":"10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim130090097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64414895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Hell To Pay: Operation Downfall and the Invasion of Japan, 1945-1947" is the most comprehensive examination of the myriad complex issues that comprised the strategic plans for the American invasion of Japan. U.S. planning for the invasion and military occupation of Imperial Japan was begun in 1943, two years before the dropping of atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In final form, Operation Downfall called for a massive Allied invasion--on a scale dwarfing "D-Day"-- to be carried out in two stages. In the first stage, Operation Olympic, after the dropping of multiple atom bombs the U.S. Sixth Army would lead the southern-most assault on the Home Island of Kyushu to secure airfields and anchorages to support the second stage, Operation Coronet, a decisive invasion of the industrial heartland of Japan through the Tokyo Plain, 500 miles to the north, led by the First and Eighth armies. These facts are well known and have been recounted-- with varying degrees of accuracy-- in a variety of books and articles. A common theme in these works is their reliance on a relatively few declassified high-level planning documents. An attempt to fully understand how both the U.S. and Japan planned to conduct the massive battles subsequent to the initial landings was not dealt with in these books beyond the skeletal U.S. outlines formulated nine months before the initial land battles were to commence, and more than a year before the anticipated climactic series of battles near Tokyo. On the Japanese side, plans for Operation Ketsu-go, the "decisive battle" in the Home Islands, have been unexamined below the strategic level and seldom consisted of more than a rehash of U.S. intelligence estimates of Kamikaze aircraft available for the defense of Kyushu. "Hell To Pay" examines the invasion of Japan in light of substantial new sources, unearthed in both familiar and obscure archives, and brings the political and military ramifications of the enormous casualties and loss of material projected by trying to bring the Pacific War to a conclusion by a military invasion of the island. This ground breaking history counters the revisionist interpretations questioning the rationale for the use of the atom bomb and shows that the U.S. decision was based on very real estimates of the truly horrific cost of a conventional invasion of Japan.
{"title":"Hell to pay : Operation Downfall and the invasion of Japan, 1945-1947","authors":"D. Giangreco","doi":"10.5860/choice.47-7008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.47-7008","url":null,"abstract":"\"Hell To Pay: Operation Downfall and the Invasion of Japan, 1945-1947\" is the most comprehensive examination of the myriad complex issues that comprised the strategic plans for the American invasion of Japan. U.S. planning for the invasion and military occupation of Imperial Japan was begun in 1943, two years before the dropping of atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In final form, Operation Downfall called for a massive Allied invasion--on a scale dwarfing \"D-Day\"-- to be carried out in two stages. In the first stage, Operation Olympic, after the dropping of multiple atom bombs the U.S. Sixth Army would lead the southern-most assault on the Home Island of Kyushu to secure airfields and anchorages to support the second stage, Operation Coronet, a decisive invasion of the industrial heartland of Japan through the Tokyo Plain, 500 miles to the north, led by the First and Eighth armies. These facts are well known and have been recounted-- with varying degrees of accuracy-- in a variety of books and articles. A common theme in these works is their reliance on a relatively few declassified high-level planning documents. An attempt to fully understand how both the U.S. and Japan planned to conduct the massive battles subsequent to the initial landings was not dealt with in these books beyond the skeletal U.S. outlines formulated nine months before the initial land battles were to commence, and more than a year before the anticipated climactic series of battles near Tokyo. On the Japanese side, plans for Operation Ketsu-go, the \"decisive battle\" in the Home Islands, have been unexamined below the strategic level and seldom consisted of more than a rehash of U.S. intelligence estimates of Kamikaze aircraft available for the defense of Kyushu. \"Hell To Pay\" examines the invasion of Japan in light of substantial new sources, unearthed in both familiar and obscure archives, and brings the political and military ramifications of the enormous casualties and loss of material projected by trying to bring the Pacific War to a conclusion by a military invasion of the island. This ground breaking history counters the revisionist interpretations questioning the rationale for the use of the atom bomb and shows that the U.S. decision was based on very real estimates of the truly horrific cost of a conventional invasion of Japan.","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71130127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
‘‘Traditional preemption,’’ writes Michael Doyle, ‘‘is too strict and the Bush administration’s expansive prevention is too loose’’ (p. 43). Doyle intervenes with a proposal for how to limit and structure decisions about when to strike first. For him the key is not only the question ‘‘When is preventive war justified?’’ but also ‘‘What decision-making criteria might most likely be recognized and adopted by the international community?’’ Striking First is based on Doyle’s Tanner Lectures,
{"title":"Striking First: Preemption and Prevention in International Conflict","authors":"T. Nichols","doi":"10.5860/choice.46-1724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-1724","url":null,"abstract":"‘‘Traditional preemption,’’ writes Michael Doyle, ‘‘is too strict and the Bush administration’s expansive prevention is too loose’’ (p. 43). Doyle intervenes with a proposal for how to limit and structure decisions about when to strike first. For him the key is not only the question ‘‘When is preventive war justified?’’ but also ‘‘What decision-making criteria might most likely be recognized and adopted by the international community?’’ Striking First is based on Doyle’s Tanner Lectures,","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71122540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Portuguese Oceanic Expansion, 1400-1800","authors":"J. Hattendorf","doi":"10.5860/choice.45-4611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-4611","url":null,"abstract":"and to the broad issues of and","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71119692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Six Frigates: The Epic History of the Founding of the U.S. Navy","authors":"J. Gottschalk","doi":"10.5860/choice.45-0469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-0469","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51874,"journal":{"name":"Naval War College Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71117850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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