Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2031321
T. Karchiyappan, Rekha Pachaiappan
This study reports an effective method to explore the significant role of modified chitosan in recovering a protein from starch wastewater of sweet potato. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) are used to characterize modified chitosan. Parameters, such as agitation time, chitosan dose, initial pH, and settling time, are monitored over the protein recovery process. Also, the second-order polynomial model was developed with Box Behnken design (BBD). 3-D response surface contour graphs are plotted to learn about the interactive effects of process parameters on protein recovery. The optimum operating conditions are determined by using the desired function methodology. Under these optimal conditions, 95% of the protein was recovered. An artificial neural network (ANN)-based model was developed for simulating protein recovery. Electrophoresis analysis has shown that recovered protein can be used as livestock feed ingredients.
{"title":"Protein recovery from sweet potato starch wastewater using modified chitosan","authors":"T. Karchiyappan, Rekha Pachaiappan","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2022.2031321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2022.2031321","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports an effective method to explore the significant role of modified chitosan in recovering a protein from starch wastewater of sweet potato. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) are used to characterize modified chitosan. Parameters, such as agitation time, chitosan dose, initial pH, and settling time, are monitored over the protein recovery process. Also, the second-order polynomial model was developed with Box Behnken design (BBD). 3-D response surface contour graphs are plotted to learn about the interactive effects of process parameters on protein recovery. The optimum operating conditions are determined by using the desired function methodology. Under these optimal conditions, 95% of the protein was recovered. An artificial neural network (ANN)-based model was developed for simulating protein recovery. Electrophoresis analysis has shown that recovered protein can be used as livestock feed ingredients.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"340 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46193104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-29DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2030254
Leandro José Isensee, D. H. M. Detzel, A. Pinheiro, G. A. Piazza
Trends can be detected in time series of extreme hydrological events. However, persistence and record length are often ignored in those analyses resulting in contradicting conclusions. The aim of this study is to evaluate their influence on trend detection in extreme streamflow time series. In this study, 108 time series of maximum and minimum streamflow in Brazil were analysed, with a minimum length of 60 years and an average of 76 years. Mann-Kendall (MK), Spearman’s rho, and Pettitt statistical tests were applied to assess trends. Portmanteau and Hurst’s autocorrelation tests were adopted to assess the persistence. Modifications of the MK test were used to remove the persistence effects. We found a strong persistence in the studied time series. Even after removing it, several time series remained non-stationary. Record length significantly affected the results of the analyses, with an increase in the number of trends according to the period analysed.
{"title":"Extreme streamflow time series analysis: trends, record length, and persistence","authors":"Leandro José Isensee, D. H. M. Detzel, A. Pinheiro, G. A. Piazza","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2022.2030254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2022.2030254","url":null,"abstract":"Trends can be detected in time series of extreme hydrological events. However, persistence and record length are often ignored in those analyses resulting in contradicting conclusions. The aim of this study is to evaluate their influence on trend detection in extreme streamflow time series. In this study, 108 time series of maximum and minimum streamflow in Brazil were analysed, with a minimum length of 60 years and an average of 76 years. Mann-Kendall (MK), Spearman’s rho, and Pettitt statistical tests were applied to assess trends. Portmanteau and Hurst’s autocorrelation tests were adopted to assess the persistence. Modifications of the MK test were used to remove the persistence effects. We found a strong persistence in the studied time series. Even after removing it, several time series remained non-stationary. Record length significantly affected the results of the analyses, with an increase in the number of trends according to the period analysed.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"40 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45789554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-13DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.2017805
Yasmin El-Dakrory, M. Sliem, Maha Abdelkreem, S. H. Hassab Elnaby, R. Rezk
This study investigates the comparison between magnetite nanoparticles loaded tea waste (MNLTW) and magnetite nanoparticles loaded reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (MNPs@rGO), as effective adsorbents for the removal of R6G dye from effluents. XRD, TEM, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the proposed adsorbents. The adsorption process was optimized under the parameters of initial concentration, contact time, pH, and the quantity of adsorbents. An amount of 0.15 g of both adsorbents removed about 87% of R6G by MNLTW and 65% by (MNPs@rGO) from 100 ml of a 23.95 mg/l concentrated solution in 40 and 60 min for MNLTW and (MNPs@rGO), respectively at pH 7. LIF measurements have developed better results than those of spectrophotometer. The isothermal analysis according to Langmuir isotherm was (R2 = 0.98) for (MNPs@rGO) and Temkin isotherm (R2 = 0.89) for MNLTW. The kinetic study is well described with a pseudo-second order model.
{"title":"Laser induced fluorescence detection of R6G dye adsorbed on Fe3O4 nanomaterials","authors":"Yasmin El-Dakrory, M. Sliem, Maha Abdelkreem, S. H. Hassab Elnaby, R. Rezk","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.2017805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.2017805","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the comparison between magnetite nanoparticles loaded tea waste (MNLTW) and magnetite nanoparticles loaded reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (MNPs@rGO), as effective adsorbents for the removal of R6G dye from effluents. XRD, TEM, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the proposed adsorbents. The adsorption process was optimized under the parameters of initial concentration, contact time, pH, and the quantity of adsorbents. An amount of 0.15 g of both adsorbents removed about 87% of R6G by MNLTW and 65% by (MNPs@rGO) from 100 ml of a 23.95 mg/l concentrated solution in 40 and 60 min for MNLTW and (MNPs@rGO), respectively at pH 7. LIF measurements have developed better results than those of spectrophotometer. The isothermal analysis according to Langmuir isotherm was (R2 = 0.98) for (MNPs@rGO) and Temkin isotherm (R2 = 0.89) for MNLTW. The kinetic study is well described with a pseudo-second order model.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"322 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42353811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-09DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.2017804
Lukuba N. Sweya, S. Wilkinson
Water supply systems (WSSs) face constant water contamination and breakdown risks during disasters. Several studies develop resilience metrics without validation processes to ascertain their suitability and applicability. The current study examines the validity of existing qualitative resilience tools developed through a pre-assessment of the variables, a three-round Delphi process, and tested in three cases for applicability and generality. Validation applied the tools development data through a six-stage assessment process: (1) Group opinions, (2) Convergency of opinions, (3) Reliability analysis, (4) Inter-items correlations, (5) Level of agreements, (6) Applicability and generality. The tool encompasses 47 indicators in technical, organisational, social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The variables show better content validity with strong group opinions, significant convergence of opinions, high reliability, adequate relationship pattern, and excellent agreement in about 98% of indicators. Besides, there is adequate applicability and generality, thus, the variables are considered valid for Tanzania WSSs and in other developing countries.
{"title":"Validation and pilot assessment of Tanzania water supply resilience measures","authors":"Lukuba N. Sweya, S. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.2017804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.2017804","url":null,"abstract":"Water supply systems (WSSs) face constant water contamination and breakdown risks during disasters. Several studies develop resilience metrics without validation processes to ascertain their suitability and applicability. The current study examines the validity of existing qualitative resilience tools developed through a pre-assessment of the variables, a three-round Delphi process, and tested in three cases for applicability and generality. Validation applied the tools development data through a six-stage assessment process: (1) Group opinions, (2) Convergency of opinions, (3) Reliability analysis, (4) Inter-items correlations, (5) Level of agreements, (6) Applicability and generality. The tool encompasses 47 indicators in technical, organisational, social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The variables show better content validity with strong group opinions, significant convergence of opinions, high reliability, adequate relationship pattern, and excellent agreement in about 98% of indicators. Besides, there is adequate applicability and generality, thus, the variables are considered valid for Tanzania WSSs and in other developing countries.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"311 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44316720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-04DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.2017806
Muhammad Arslan, I. Shaikh
Urbanization transforms many natural catchments into urban areas with highly impervious surfaces creating considerable amounts of rainfall-runoff due to reduced infiltration rate of soil. Stormwater, previously infiltrated to recharge the aquifers, is now stormwater run-off rapidly draining into receiving waters. In this research work, an attempt is made to reuse the stormwater run-off in the textile industry for sustainable development and to avoid degradation of the ecosystem of receiving water bodies. Twenty-four stormwater samples were collected from an urban highway and analyzed for pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Hardness, Calcium (Ca), Magnesium Mg), Chloride (Cl) and Sulphate (SO4) to determine physiochemical properties of highway run-off water. After analyzing physiochemical parameters, three reactive dyes, Remazol brilliant red 6B, Remazol navy blue GG, and Remazol yellow GR, were prepared using stormwater. Washing fastness and crocking/ rubbing fastness tests were performed for performance evaluation.
{"title":"The feasibility of reusing highway runoff for fabric dyeing: a proof of concept","authors":"Muhammad Arslan, I. Shaikh","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.2017806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.2017806","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization transforms many natural catchments into urban areas with highly impervious surfaces creating considerable amounts of rainfall-runoff due to reduced infiltration rate of soil. Stormwater, previously infiltrated to recharge the aquifers, is now stormwater run-off rapidly draining into receiving waters. In this research work, an attempt is made to reuse the stormwater run-off in the textile industry for sustainable development and to avoid degradation of the ecosystem of receiving water bodies. Twenty-four stormwater samples were collected from an urban highway and analyzed for pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Hardness, Calcium (Ca), Magnesium Mg), Chloride (Cl) and Sulphate (SO4) to determine physiochemical properties of highway run-off water. After analyzing physiochemical parameters, three reactive dyes, Remazol brilliant red 6B, Remazol navy blue GG, and Remazol yellow GR, were prepared using stormwater. Washing fastness and crocking/ rubbing fastness tests were performed for performance evaluation.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"332 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45530792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.1980124
M. Coser, M. S. Mendes, J. A. T. Reis, A. Mendonça
Historical streamflow series may not present critical drought periods. As a result, volumes of flow regulating reservoirs estimated from historical data can lead to reservoirs design underestimation. Periodic stochastic models can be used to generate multiple different sequences of flows that present statistical properties close to those corresponding to the historical series but including more critical dry periods. The different volume values estimates allow probabilistic analysis and definition of regulating reservoir volumes based on periodic flows synthetic sequences occurrence risks. This study aims at assessing the performance of different periodic autoregressive models in generating sequences of flows and reproducing regulating reservoirs volumes. Periodic multiplicative autoregressive moving average models (PMIX), complete or parsimonious, showed better performances than traditional periodic autoregressive and autoregressive moving average models, for most historical streamflow series considered. The consideration of synthetic series generated by using PMIX multiplicative models can reduced risks of underestimation of reservoirs volumes.
{"title":"Periodic autoregressive models in flow regulating reservoirs design","authors":"M. Coser, M. S. Mendes, J. A. T. Reis, A. Mendonça","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.1980124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.1980124","url":null,"abstract":"Historical streamflow series may not present critical drought periods. As a result, volumes of flow regulating reservoirs estimated from historical data can lead to reservoirs design underestimation. Periodic stochastic models can be used to generate multiple different sequences of flows that present statistical properties close to those corresponding to the historical series but including more critical dry periods. The different volume values estimates allow probabilistic analysis and definition of regulating reservoir volumes based on periodic flows synthetic sequences occurrence risks. This study aims at assessing the performance of different periodic autoregressive models in generating sequences of flows and reproducing regulating reservoirs volumes. Periodic multiplicative autoregressive moving average models (PMIX), complete or parsimonious, showed better performances than traditional periodic autoregressive and autoregressive moving average models, for most historical streamflow series considered. The consideration of synthetic series generated by using PMIX multiplicative models can reduced risks of underestimation of reservoirs volumes.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"278 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46055814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-04DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.1964388
Y. Lai, David L. Smith, David J. Bandrowski, Yuncheng Xu, C. Woodley, Kaitlin E. Schnell
Large wood (LW) has been widely used in river restoration projects due to its ecological benefit. 3D modeling has rarely been conducted. In this study, a 3D modeling procedure is proposed and a new 3D model is developed. The model incorporates advanced CFD techniques and is easy to apply. An engineered log jam (ELJ) is constructed and an experiment is conducted. The data are used to demonstrate the procedure and validate the CFD model. A comparison of the predicted and measured velocity shows that agreement is good with the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient about 0.4 and index of agreement about 0.85. The model is further applied to a curved channel with ELJ on the outer bank, demonstrating the use of the 3D model to guide the proper representation of ELJs in a 2D model. The 3D model may be used to reveal complex flow patterns generated by LW for ecological benefit analysis.
{"title":"Development of a CFD model and procedure for flows through in-stream structures","authors":"Y. Lai, David L. Smith, David J. Bandrowski, Yuncheng Xu, C. Woodley, Kaitlin E. Schnell","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.1964388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.1964388","url":null,"abstract":"Large wood (LW) has been widely used in river restoration projects due to its ecological benefit. 3D modeling has rarely been conducted. In this study, a 3D modeling procedure is proposed and a new 3D model is developed. The model incorporates advanced CFD techniques and is easy to apply. An engineered log jam (ELJ) is constructed and an experiment is conducted. The data are used to demonstrate the procedure and validate the CFD model. A comparison of the predicted and measured velocity shows that agreement is good with the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient about 0.4 and index of agreement about 0.85. The model is further applied to a curved channel with ELJ on the outer bank, demonstrating the use of the 3D model to guide the proper representation of ELJs in a 2D model. The 3D model may be used to reveal complex flow patterns generated by LW for ecological benefit analysis.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"197 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44262534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-03DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.1982027
Al-Mundhar Al-Nasri, L. Gunawardhana, G. Al-Rawas, M. Baawain, A. Sana
Sustainable groundwater resource management requires a better understanding of multilayer interactions, caused by the heterogeneous formations and enhanced by the groundwater withdrawal in aquifers. This phenomenon was studied in Al-Khoud lower catchment in Oman. Water exchange between different layers was observed by measuring piezometric heads of wells located at the same place with screen intervals placed in different layers. In addition, groundwater levels from 8 more wells and pumping rates from 60 wells were used for developing a numerical model in a 156 km2 area. Lithological data from 23 boreholes were used for defining three subsurface layers. Model results under different conditions indicated that 1.9–3.8 m head difference could be attributed to the pumping, while 2.1–6.0 m groundwater-level variations were accounted for the heterogeneity and anisotropic effects. Further analysis showed that the increased pumping rate increased the piezometric head difference between the layers, which enhances the multi-layer interactions.
{"title":"Multi-layer groundwater flow simulation in Al-Khoud lower catchment in Oman","authors":"Al-Mundhar Al-Nasri, L. Gunawardhana, G. Al-Rawas, M. Baawain, A. Sana","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.1982027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.1982027","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable groundwater resource management requires a better understanding of multilayer interactions, caused by the heterogeneous formations and enhanced by the groundwater withdrawal in aquifers. This phenomenon was studied in Al-Khoud lower catchment in Oman. Water exchange between different layers was observed by measuring piezometric heads of wells located at the same place with screen intervals placed in different layers. In addition, groundwater levels from 8 more wells and pumping rates from 60 wells were used for developing a numerical model in a 156 km2 area. Lithological data from 23 boreholes were used for defining three subsurface layers. Model results under different conditions indicated that 1.9–3.8 m head difference could be attributed to the pumping, while 2.1–6.0 m groundwater-level variations were accounted for the heterogeneity and anisotropic effects. Further analysis showed that the increased pumping rate increased the piezometric head difference between the layers, which enhances the multi-layer interactions.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"250 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48219996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-03DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.1982029
S. Cardenas, A. Marquez, E. Guevara
This paper deals with the diffusion–advection process modeling of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) dissolved in a topical river. The novelty consists of proposing mathematical expressions to estimate the physical coefficients (molecular diffusion, advective diffusion, partition) and biochemical coefficients (substrate utilization rate) of OCPs advection–diffusion processes combined to OCPs biochemical transformation processes. The OCPs involved were DDTs (p.p’-DDT, o.p’-DDT, p.p’-DDD, p.p’-DDE, o.p’-DDE) and DRINs (Aldrin, Dieldrin and Endrin). Four scenarios for simulating the OCPs transport were calibrated: (1) molecular diffusion, (2) biochemical transformation, (3) advection–diffusion and (4) a combination of advection–diffusion, biochemical transformation and sorption/desorption processes. The evaluated scenarios predicted with a good approach to the OCPs’s spatio-temporal distribution with a prediction capability within an interval until 1.5 standard deviation with respect to the mean of difference between observed and simulated OCPs The scenario N°4 associated to a coupled model offered a suitable prediction of processes for a tropical river.
{"title":"Diffusion–advection process modeling of organochlorine pesticides in rivers","authors":"S. Cardenas, A. Marquez, E. Guevara","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.1982029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.1982029","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the diffusion–advection process modeling of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) dissolved in a topical river. The novelty consists of proposing mathematical expressions to estimate the physical coefficients (molecular diffusion, advective diffusion, partition) and biochemical coefficients (substrate utilization rate) of OCPs advection–diffusion processes combined to OCPs biochemical transformation processes. The OCPs involved were DDTs (p.p’-DDT, o.p’-DDT, p.p’-DDD, p.p’-DDE, o.p’-DDE) and DRINs (Aldrin, Dieldrin and Endrin). Four scenarios for simulating the OCPs transport were calibrated: (1) molecular diffusion, (2) biochemical transformation, (3) advection–diffusion and (4) a combination of advection–diffusion, biochemical transformation and sorption/desorption processes. The evaluated scenarios predicted with a good approach to the OCPs’s spatio-temporal distribution with a prediction capability within an interval until 1.5 standard deviation with respect to the mean of difference between observed and simulated OCPs The scenario N°4 associated to a coupled model offered a suitable prediction of processes for a tropical river.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43674331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-03DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2021.1982030
Parisa Mehrabinia, Elham Ghanbari-Adivi, R. Fattahi, Heshmatollah Samimi-Shalamzari, Jalil Kermanezhad
The increase in population and the growth of agricultural activities, and consequently the increase in demand for safe water, has made the use of unconventional water to solve the problems of water scarcity very efficient. Here to investigate the removal of nitrate from agricultural drains, sugarcane bagasse biochar was used as an adsorbent. This study includes the effect of three parameters: heating time in the microwave, microwave power and weight ratio of KOH to biochar (KBC) to remove nitrate from contaminated wastewater. First, the optimal conditions for the preparation of sugarcane bagasse sorbent were investigated, which includes 0.2 g of sorbent in 150 ml of nitrate solution, biochar production time of 2 h at 600°C and pH equal to 7. According to the results, the microwave power of 400 W, activation time of 10 min and weight ratio (KBC) had the highest percentage of nitrate absorption (equal 75.3%).
{"title":"Nitrate removal from agricultural effluent using sugarcane bagasse active nanosorbent","authors":"Parisa Mehrabinia, Elham Ghanbari-Adivi, R. Fattahi, Heshmatollah Samimi-Shalamzari, Jalil Kermanezhad","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2021.1982030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2021.1982030","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in population and the growth of agricultural activities, and consequently the increase in demand for safe water, has made the use of unconventional water to solve the problems of water scarcity very efficient. Here to investigate the removal of nitrate from agricultural drains, sugarcane bagasse biochar was used as an adsorbent. This study includes the effect of three parameters: heating time in the microwave, microwave power and weight ratio of KOH to biochar (KBC) to remove nitrate from contaminated wastewater. First, the optimal conditions for the preparation of sugarcane bagasse sorbent were investigated, which includes 0.2 g of sorbent in 150 ml of nitrate solution, biochar production time of 2 h at 600°C and pH equal to 7. According to the results, the microwave power of 400 W, activation time of 10 min and weight ratio (KBC) had the highest percentage of nitrate absorption (equal 75.3%).","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"238 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44793170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：