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Investigation of trends in extreme events: a case study of Ceyhan Basin, Turkey 极端事件趋势调查:以土耳其杰伊汉盆地为例
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2113462
M. Yuce, Musa Eşit, Veysel Kalaycioglu
Investigation of natural hazards is crucial for regional water management and disaster preparedness. In this study, trends in annual maximum, minimum and average temperature; annual maximum dry season deficit (DS deficit), dry season duration (DS duration), wet season excess rain (WS excess) and wet season duration (WS duration) were examined. The analyses of extreme events were identified by applying the SPI drought index for multiple-time scales of 1-, 3-, 6-month, for meteorological stations located in the Ceyhan Basin, Turkey. While the homogeneity of the data was analyzed with the Wallis-Moore method, trend analysis was performed with the Mann-Kendall test. In addition, the determination of the change-point year was performed with the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) and Buishand’s Range Test. The findings will be useful to water management decision-makers in the Ceyhan River Basin in assessing the impact of droughts and planning drought mitigation strategies to avoid future drought risks.
对自然灾害的调查对于区域水资源管理和灾害防备至关重要。在这项研究中,年最高、最低和平均温度的趋势;研究了年最大旱季亏空(DS亏空)、旱季持续时间(DS持续时间)、雨季过量降雨(WS过量)和雨季持续时间(WS持续时间)。通过应用SPI干旱指数对土耳其杰伊汉盆地气象站的1个月、3个月、6个月的多个时间尺度进行极端事件分析。虽然数据的同质性是用Wallis-Moore方法分析的,但趋势分析是用Mann-Kendall检验进行的。此外,通过标准正态均匀性试验(SNHT)和Buishand范围试验确定了变化点年份。研究结果将有助于杰伊汉河流域的水管理决策者评估干旱的影响,并规划缓解干旱的战略,以避免未来的干旱风险。
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引用次数: 4
Sol-gel template synthesis of visible photoactive Cu-S co-doped mesoporous TiO2 catalyst 溶胶-凝胶模板法合成可见光活性Cu-S共掺杂介孔TiO2催化剂
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2116116
A. Hamisu, S. S. Bala, A. Bello, A. Abubakar, A. A. Adeyi
A new visible photoactive catalyst (Cu, S/PEG-PVA/TiO2) was synthesized by the sol-gel method. In addition, Cu, S/TiO2 and Bare TiO2 were synthesized to compare their properties and activities. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, SEM, TEM, EDX, UV-Vis spectroscopy and TGA. The photocatalytic activities of the synthesized photocatalysts were evaluated by measuring the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol under visible light irradiation. Then, the impacts of three parameters, (catalyst loading, pH and H2O2 concentration) for optimization and modelization of the 4-nitrophenol photodegradation were studied using the response surface methodology. Optimal conditions obtained from statistical analysis at a catalyst loading of 1 gL−1, pH of 3.98 and H2O2 concentration of 8 mg/L have shown the highest 4-NP percentage degradation of 70.5% in 1 h. The results predicted by the models were found to be in good agreement with those obtained by performing the experiment (R 2 = 0.9443 and Adj-R 2 =  0.9038).
采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了一种新型可见光活性催化剂(Cu,S/PEG-PVA/TiO2)。此外,还合成了Cu、S/TiO2和Bare TiO2,比较了它们的性能和活性。利用XRD、N2吸附-脱附测量、SEM、TEM、EDX、UV-Vis光谱和TGA对合成的催化剂进行了表征。通过测定在可见光照射下对4-硝基苯酚的光催化降解,评价了合成的光催化剂的光催化活性。然后,利用响应面法研究了催化剂负载量、pH和H2O2浓度三个参数对4-硝基苯酚光降解优化和模型化的影响。在催化剂负载量为1时通过统计分析获得的最佳条件 gL−1,pH为3.98,H2O2浓度为8 mg/L的4-NP降解率最高,为70.5% h.发现模型预测的结果与通过进行实验获得的结果非常一致(R2 = 0.9443和调整R 2 =  0.9038)。
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引用次数: 0
Discharge measurements field validation using remote-controlled boat with ADCP 使用ADCP遥控船进行流量测量现场验证
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2116115
Daniel Iozzi Sperandelli, Tiago Zenker Gireli
This study examined field validation of discharge measurements with acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) on a remote-controlled boat. Between 2015 and 2020, 112 measurements were assessed at 8 gaging stations in the Paraná River basin, Brazil. SonTek M9 ADCP measurements were compared to rating curves reference discharges. Hypothesis tests were used to verify if mean percentage deviations from the measurements in relation to the reference are equal to zero at a significance level of 0.05. Statistical results indicated that field measurements did not differ from reference values and that percentage deviations are similar to that of previous validation studies. Measurements with ADCP and remote-controlled boat were faster and offered less risk of accidents for hydrometrists than manned boat.
本研究检查了在遥控船上使用声学多普勒电流剖面仪(ADCP)进行流量测量的现场验证。2015年至2020年间,在巴西巴拉那河流域的8个测量站进行了112次测量评估。SonTek M9 ADCP测量值与额定曲线参考放电值进行了比较。假设检验用于验证与参考相关的测量的平均百分比偏差是否等于零,显著性水平为0.05。统计结果表明,现场测量值与参考值没有差异,百分比偏差与之前的验证研究相似。ADCP和遥控船的测量速度更快,水文测量仪的事故风险也比载人船低。
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引用次数: 0
Seawater intrusion into Shatt Al-Arab River, Northwest Arabian/Persian Gulf 阿拉伯西北部/波斯湾,海水侵入阿拉伯河
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2113460
S. A. Al-Asadi, A. Alhello, H. Ghalib, W. Muttashar, Hatim T. Al-Eydawi
The variability of the estuary location has drawn much attention of the policymakers due to its importance in various environmental issues. This study aims to detect the spatial variation of salts in the water of Shatt Al-Arab River (SAR) in southern Iraq to show the extent of the saltwater penetration into the river during years the 2019-2020. The study used four water sample stations distributed along the southern river part. The study classified the mixing process of the river water into strong and weak stratification as well as partial and moderate stratification. The horizontal distance for the seawater intrusion into the SAR was approximately between 83.7 and 112.4 km. It seems the estuary position moves towards the upstream due to the dominance of seawaters over the river waters in the section. This study is a step towards a better understanding of the salinity issue in the complicated transitional ecosystem.
河口位置的变异性因其在各种环境问题中的重要性而受到决策者的广泛关注。本研究旨在检测伊拉克南部阿拉伯河(SAR)水中盐分的空间变化,以显示2019-2020年期间咸水渗入河流的程度。研究使用了沿南部河流部分分布的四个水样站。研究将河水混合过程分为强分层和弱分层、部分分层和中等分层。海水侵入SAR的水平距离约为83.7 ~ 112.4 km。由于海水在断面上的优势大于河水,河口位置似乎向上游移动。这项研究是朝着更好地理解复杂的过渡生态系统中的盐度问题迈出的一步。
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引用次数: 2
Flood hazard mapping of the Welang river, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇省帕苏鲁安市韦朗河洪水危险性测绘
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2114025
E. Hidayah, G. Halik, I. Indarto, D. W. Khaulan
The availability of a flood hazard map is beneficial during flood risk reduction. However, there is a lack of high-resolution topographic data, which is a map realization obstacle. Therefore, this study aims to construct flood hazard maps based on hazard levels for various flood return periods. The 2D-hydrodynamic from the Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and Digital Surface Models (DSM) from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery were used for generating inundation maps. The results showed that simulation of return periods for 2 and 10 years illustrated a 37% increase in flood hazard levels. Furthermore, there was an increased danger level for locations that were exposed to flood inundation. This occurred in housing, some roads, and rice fields. Ultimately, this study mitigates flood hazards through the determination of evacuation directions, urban spatial planning, and informed flood mitigation measures.
在减少洪水风险的过程中,洪水危险地图的可用性是有益的。然而,缺乏高分辨率的地形数据,这是地图实现的障碍。因此,本研究旨在根据不同洪水重现期的危害程度构建洪水危害图。水文工程中心河流分析系统(HEC-RAS)的2D流体动力学和无人机(UAV)图像的数字表面模型(DSM)用于生成淹没地图。结果表明,对2年和10年重现期的模拟表明,洪水风险水平增加了37%。此外,受洪水淹没的地区的危险程度也有所增加。这种情况发生在住房、一些道路和稻田中。最终,本研究通过确定疏散方向、城市空间规划和明智的防洪措施来缓解洪水危害。
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引用次数: 4
Variation of tree crown height effects on flow behavior around finite vegetation 树冠高度变化对有限植被周围流动特性的影响
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2110165
Amina, N. Tanaka
Finite-length vegetation has been previously studied for its ability to provide resistance against the tsunami by using just the trunk section of the tree stand structures. However, investigating the resilience of the vegetation while taking the crown section into account is yet unknown. Using a limited emergent vegetation model (EVM), this research examined the impact of changing the tree crown heights on the flow structure behavior between the vegetation and its surrounding gap region. Experimental variables included such as tree crown height ( in which is the crown height from the ground surface and is the total tree height), vegetation width to length ratio (W/L), and the initial Froude number condition , which ranged between 0.67 and 0.76. The outcomes demonstrated that, when the vegetation width to length ratio was small, the crown height ratio ( < 0.3) significantly reduced the velocity and fluid force behind the vegetation patch region as compared to no crown (NC) and highest crown height ratio ( > 0.3). On the other hand, the effect of crown cases in the small vegetation patch did not increase the velocity and fluid force in the gap region in comparison with NC. Whereas the increased width of the vegetation patch along with the lower crown height ratio ( < 0.4) further decreased the velocity and fluid force behind the vegetation patch but the increased width of the vegetation patch in combination with the lower crown height ratio increased the velocity and fluid force in the surrounding gap region as compared to its NC case.
有限长度的植被先前已经被研究过,因为它只使用树干部分的树木结构来提供抵抗海啸的能力。然而,在考虑树冠剖面的同时调查植被的恢复能力尚不清楚。利用有限突生植被模型(EVM),研究了树冠高度变化对植被及其周围林隙间流动结构行为的影响。实验变量包括树冠高度(其中为离地面的树冠高度,为总树高)、植被宽长比(W/L)和初始弗劳德数条件,其取值范围为0.67 ~ 0.76。结果表明:当植被宽长比较小时,冠高比(< 0.3)较无冠高比(NC)和最高冠高比(> 0.3)显著降低了植被斑块区域后的流速和流体力;另一方面,与NC相比,小植被斑块中冠状体的影响没有增加间隙区域的速度和流体力。植被斑块宽度随冠高比的降低(< 0.4)而增大,进一步降低了植被斑块背后的速度和流体力,而植被斑块宽度随冠高比的降低而增大,与NC情况相比,增加了周围间隙区的速度和流体力。
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引用次数: 1
The 2021-procedure for coastal protection by revetments in Thailand 2021年泰国护岸护岸程序
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2110529
Cherdvong Saengsupavanich, E. Pranzini
When a revetment is selected to protect an eroding coastline, a proper implementation procedure is required to ensure that the revetment is successful. During the last 5 years (2016–2020), Thailand has armored 45.7 km of its shoreline with revetments. Its experience and the lessons learnt from past consecutive revetment implementations have shaped a procedure to integrate engineering, social, and environmental aspects into the whole process. The nine stages involved in Thailand’s revetment implementation are elaborated by using the Laem Ngoo beach revetment as an example. Although Thailand’s 2021 revetment implementation procedure may not be the best approach in different physical and social environment, it may be useful for coastal practitioners to learn from and follow if they find such an approach to be sustainable.
当选择护岸来保护受侵蚀的海岸线时,需要一个适当的实施程序来确保护岸的成功。在过去的5年里(2016-2020年),泰国用护岸装甲了45.7公里的海岸线。它的经验和从过去连续的护岸实施中吸取的教训形成了一个将工程、社会和环境方面整合到整个过程中的程序。以兰恩古海滩护岸工程为例,阐述了泰国护岸工程实施的九个阶段。尽管泰国2021年的护岸实施程序可能不是不同自然和社会环境下的最佳方法,但如果他们发现这种方法是可持续的,那么它可能对沿海从业者学习和遵循有用。
{"title":"The 2021-procedure for coastal protection by revetments in Thailand","authors":"Cherdvong Saengsupavanich, E. Pranzini","doi":"10.1080/23249676.2022.2110529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23249676.2022.2110529","url":null,"abstract":"When a revetment is selected to protect an eroding coastline, a proper implementation procedure is required to ensure that the revetment is successful. During the last 5 years (2016–2020), Thailand has armored 45.7 km of its shoreline with revetments. Its experience and the lessons learnt from past consecutive revetment implementations have shaped a procedure to integrate engineering, social, and environmental aspects into the whole process. The nine stages involved in Thailand’s revetment implementation are elaborated by using the Laem Ngoo beach revetment as an example. Although Thailand’s 2021 revetment implementation procedure may not be the best approach in different physical and social environment, it may be useful for coastal practitioners to learn from and follow if they find such an approach to be sustainable.","PeriodicalId":51911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"303 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43872814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Hydraulic model of a braided channel to aid design of a grade-building structure 辫状河道水工模型对分级建筑结构设计的帮助
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2106520
R. Ettema, C. Thornton
Presented here are considerations for designing a hydraulic model involving a broad reach of braided, sand-bed channel used to aid the design of a grade-building structure (GBS) for retaining bed sediment upstream of a sediment-deposition plain formed by a sediment-retention dam. The results focus on the similitude and calibration considerations needed to simulate bed-sediment transport along a large braided channel. Key variables in this regard were flow discharge, channel slope and sediment-transport rate. Additionally, the results describe how the GBS evolved in design from initially comprising four walls that lengthened flow path (thereby causing sediment deposition) to being four walls with openings that dispersed flow and consequently spread sediment deposition across the reach. The addition of rock aprons and wall bunds (curved, wall ends), enhanced sediment retention, reduced scour, and mitigated an under-wall seepage concern. In final design, the GBS retained approximately 83% of the bed sediment entering the reach over the test duration.
这里提出了设计一个水力模型的考虑因素,该模型涉及一段广泛的辫状沙床河道,用于帮助设计一个阶梯式建筑结构(GBS),用于在由泥沙淤积坝形成的泥沙淤积平原上游保留河床沉积物。结果侧重于模拟沿大型辫状河道的河床泥沙输运所需的相似性和校准考虑。这方面的关键变量是流量、河道坡度和输沙速率。此外,研究结果还描述了GBS在设计上的演变,从最初的四面墙延长了流动路径(从而导致沉积物沉积),到四面墙有开口分散流动,从而使沉积物沉积在河段上。增加了岩石围护层和墙带(弯曲的、墙端),加强了沉积物的保留,减少了冲刷,并减轻了墙下的渗透问题。在最终设计中,GBS在测试期间保留了大约83%进入河段的河床沉积物。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of sediment transport, flow depth and infiltration on soil moisture profiles in irrigation furrows 泥沙输移、水流深度和入渗对灌溉沟土壤水分剖面的影响
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2099470
Kapil Rohilla, Sanjay Kumar, Shylendra Kumar
A numerical model was used to analyze the effect of sediment transport and flow depth on soil moisture profiles from a simulation of the hypothetical irrigation furrows. The Saint Venant and sediment continuity equations were solved by using MacCormack scheme based on finite difference method to analyze the overland flow and sediment transport, and Richards equation was used to analyze the subsurface flow, which was solved by using a mass conservative fully implicit finite difference method. Flow depth significantly affected the moisture profiles in irrigation channels while the effect of sediment-laden water on the moisture profiles was observed insignificant. The model was used to study the effect of infiltration on moisture profiles and soil water retention curve (SWRCs) in irrigation furrows. It was observed that infiltration significantly affected and altered the moisture profiles and soil water retention curve (SWRC). Among the different soil parameters (av and nv ) and saturated hydraulic conductivity ( ) significantly affected the moisture profiles, while and influenced the soil water retention curve (SWRC) as compared to other retention parameters.
通过对假设灌溉沟的模拟,使用数值模型分析了泥沙输移和水流深度对土壤水分剖面的影响。采用基于有限差分法的MacCormack格式求解Saint-Venant和泥沙连续性方程,分析陆上水流和泥沙输移,采用Richards方程分析地下水流,采用质量守恒全隐式有限差分方法求解。水流深度显著影响灌溉渠道中的水分剖面,而泥沙对水分剖面的影响不显著。利用该模型研究了入渗对灌溉沟水分剖面和土壤保水曲线的影响。结果表明,入渗显著影响和改变了土壤水分剖面和土壤保水曲线。在不同的土壤参数(av和nv)和饱和导水率()中,与其他保持参数相比,显著影响水分剖面,而影响土壤保水曲线(SWRC)。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal policy of hydroelectric reservoir integrated spill flow 水电站水库综合溢流优化策略
IF 1.2 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.1080/23249676.2022.2093794
Daniel Eutyche Mbadjoun Wapet, Salomé Ndjakomo Essiane, R. Wamkeue, D. Bisso, Patrick Juvet Gnetchejo, M. Bajaj
This article describes the evaluation performance of two constraint processing treatments (TCPT) techniques: the advantages of feasible (SF) and adaptive penalty (SP) solutions in combination with differential evolution (DE). Our approach is tested on Dez reservoir data related to water supply and hydropower operation to evaluate the accuracy of our approach. The results of the simulations on water supply and hydroelectric exploitation with spillway parameters forecast better prospects for the water resources of Ntem water flow. Indeed, to demonstrate the robustness of our approach, we did a simulation of the test functions to assess their potential. Then, we did a comparative analysis of our approach with other algorithms combined with the constraint treatment method. The quality of the results obtained by TCPTDE is much better in determining optimal solutions than the genetic algorithms, the swarm of particles, the colony of bees and the Drone Squadron Optimization (DSO) hybridized with TCPT.
本文描述了两种约束处理(TCPT)技术的性能评估:可行(SF)和自适应惩罚(SP)解决方案的优势,并结合差分进化(DE)。通过对Dez水库供水和水电运行相关数据的测试,验证了该方法的准确性。利用溢洪道参数对三峡库区供水和水电开发进行了模拟,结果表明三峡库区水资源前景良好。实际上,为了证明我们方法的健壮性,我们对测试函数进行了模拟,以评估它们的潜力。然后,结合约束处理方法,将我们的方法与其他算法进行对比分析。与遗传算法、粒子群算法、蜂群算法和与tcppt相结合的无人机中队优化算法(DSO)相比,TCPTDE在确定最优解方面的结果质量要好得多。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research
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