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Técnicas de marketing de los clubes de fútbol de élite en las redes sociales 精英足球俱乐部在社交媒体上的营销技巧
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N13.2017.03
Rafael Cano Tenorio
Communication has always had an important role managing the clubs, which is influential in sporting institutions and economic events in the society. In the area of communication, social media has advanced during the last years, and became a basic part of professional football clubs leading to a greater support of the fans and generating more confidence and media outreach in society than ever before. In this research, it has been done analysis of the management often official soccer clubs social media accounts, with historic success in international competitions, of the international confederations CONMEBOL, CONCACAF and UEFA. The methodology of the study, has been based in observation and the analysis of content, and the research objective is evaluate the utilization of content categories related with marketing, and considering the communication department of each football club as issuer of content in the official Facebook, Instagram and Twitter accounts. The results show big differences in emission of marketing content. The data obtained are useful for improve the strategic management of digital communication of these entities.
沟通在俱乐部管理中一直扮演着重要的角色,在体育机构和社会经济事件中都具有影响力。在传播领域,社交媒体在过去几年中取得了进步,并成为职业足球俱乐部的基本组成部分,从而获得了更多的球迷支持,并在社会上产生了比以往任何时候都更多的信心和媒体宣传。在这项研究中,我们分析了在国际比赛中取得历史性成功的CONMEBOL、CONCACAF和UEFA的官方足球俱乐部社交媒体账户的管理情况。研究的方法是基于对内容的观察和分析,研究目的是评估与营销相关的内容类别的利用情况,并考虑到每个足球俱乐部的传播部门是官方Facebook, Instagram和Twitter账户中内容的发布者。结果表明,营销内容的排放存在较大差异。所获得的数据有助于改善这些实体的数字通信战略管理。
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引用次数: 5
La interacción personal y su efecto en la decisión de compra 个人互动及其对购买决策的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/ret.n13.2017.05
Raúl Jimmy Álvarez Guale, F. Beltrán
This research attempts to answer the question about the level of relationship between personal interaction, based on the quality of service, and the purchase decision of consumers in supermarkets in the city of Guayaquil, raising overall objective determination of the relation of both variables. In addition other objectives that seek to determine the influence of this personal interaction with the process and buying behavior of consumers arise. By applying a 30-question survey and a correlational-explanatory analysis, we obtain Kendall’s Tau b coefficients in the variables and study dimensions analyzed in the 4 most important comisariat chains by volume of sales in the city of Guayaquil ( Ecuador), those are: Almacenes TIA, Mi Comisariato, Aki y Gran AKI, and the supermarket chains Supermaxi-Megamaxi. Important influences that describe a relationship between personal interaction with the purchase decision are shown and in the context of the process and buying behavior of consumers. The most relevant conclusions found in this study refer to the acceptance of the hypotheses, since in each of the cases studied, the p values of bilateral significance are less than 5%.
本研究试图回答基于服务质量的个人互动与瓜亚基尔市超市消费者购买决策之间的关系水平问题,从而对这两个变量之间的关系进行全面客观的确定。此外,还出现了其他旨在确定这种个人互动对消费者购买过程和行为的影响的目标。通过应用30个问题的调查和相关解释分析,我们获得了瓜亚基尔市(厄瓜多尔)4个最重要的连锁超市按销售额分析的变量和研究维度中的Kendall Tau b系数,它们是:Almacenes TIA、Mi Comisariato、Aki y Gran Aki和连锁超市Supermaxi Megamaxi。描述个人互动与购买决策之间关系的重要影响在过程和消费者购买行为的背景下显示出来。本研究中发现的最相关的结论是对假设的接受,因为在所研究的每个病例中,双侧显著性的p值都小于5%。
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引用次数: 5
Estructura, estrategias y poder de mercado de genoma lab genoma实验室的结构、策略和市场力量
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N13.2017.07
José G. Vargas-Hernández, Gabriela Muratalla Bautista
In the present research work the subject of the structure, strategies and market power of Genomma Lab was addressed, so a descriptive and explanatory study was carried out describing the concepts related to the aforementioned elements and explaining the indexes of Herfindahl -Hirschman (IHH) and Pascual. The methodology used is the application of the indices which are a measure of the level of concentration existing in an industry. The IHH index is the sum of the square of the market shares of the different companies that operate in an industry. This is to delimit the Mexican pharmaceutical industry in a market structure. In the main results, it was identified that Genomma is a diversified company, that takes the best of each company and potentiates it, for that reason it fits in the majority of the models, since it is forced to act like monopoly, that is why in the Year 2012 was obtained in the index of IHH 0.01690 and in the Paschal index 0.00127, which is why it is the most representative of the companies, followed by Bayer with 0.0086 and 0.00033 respectively. In addition, you get the instability index is 0.0235 small, which means that market share has changed very little, all three indices show that the market is quite competitive, regardless of the number of companies.
在本研究中,针对基因组实验室的结构、策略和市场力量这一主题,进行了描述性和解释性研究,描述了上述要素的相关概念,并解释了Herfindahl -Hirschman (IHH)和Pascual的指标。所使用的方法是应用指数,这些指数是衡量一个行业现有集中程度的指标。IHH指数是一个行业中不同公司市场份额的平方和。这是为了划定墨西哥制药业的市场结构。主要结果,是确定Genomma是一家多元化公司,需要最好的每个公司和强化它,因此它适合大多数的模型,因为它是被迫像垄断,这就是为什么在2012年获得了本次指数的复活节的指数0.01690和0.00127,这就是为什么它是最具代表性的公司,其次是拜耳分别为0.0086和0.00033。另外,你得到的不稳定指数是0.0235小,这意味着市场份额变化很小,这三个指数都表明市场竞争相当激烈,无论公司数量多少。
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引用次数: 0
Capitalismo social: un vistazo a resultados macroeconómicos de Ecuador, Perú y Colombia 社会资本主义:厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和哥伦比亚宏观经济表现一瞥
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N13.2017.06
Roma Amada Lalama, A. Lalama
Adam Smith, affirmed that individual egoism is the one that leads to generate wealth and the economic growth of nations. With a rising capitalism as a result of the colonization of the Americas, the formation of an entrepreneurial class avid for money, which accumulates and reinvests surplus, gives way to the industrialization and wealth of the people. But this is not equitable, it is a product of what Karl Marx would call “exploitation of man by man”. This research aimed to investigate the evolution of the capitalist system, the role of the state and its level of intervention, to improve the living conditions of its population, comparing indicators of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. This study is a documentary work that considered macroeconomic data, along with the opinion of experts in the subject. The results showed that, in the last years, the countries with less state intervention had a better performance in their economy. It is concluded that current capitalism considers the social aspect, motivates to innovate, to undertake, to look for new sources of income; A protective state is not synonymous with well-being in the population, it needs private initiatives that generate employment with social commitment. Countries with less interventionism have managed to have better economic results with the consequent benefits for their population.
亚当·斯密肯定了个人利己主义是导致国家财富和经济增长的原因。随着美洲殖民化导致资本主义的兴起,渴望金钱的企业家阶层的形成,积累和再投资盈余,让位于工业化和人民的财富。但这是不公平的,这是卡尔·马克思所说的“人剥削人”的产物。本研究旨在通过比较哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔和秘鲁的指标,调查资本主义制度的演变、国家的作用及其干预水平,以改善其人口的生活条件。这项研究是一项文献工作,考虑了宏观经济数据以及该主题专家的意见。结果表明,在过去几年中,国家干预较少的国家的经济表现更好。研究表明,当前资本主义从社会层面出发,积极创新,积极承担,积极寻找新的收入来源;一个保护性的国家并不是人口福祉的代名词,它需要通过社会承诺创造就业的私人举措。干预主义较少的国家设法取得了更好的经济成果,从而为其人口带来了好处。
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引用次数: 5
Pymes como modelo económico en la creación de estrategias de comunicación 中小企业作为制定传播战略的经济模式
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N13.2017.04
Alfredo Eduardo Hoyos Zavala, C. González
At present where the market is saturated by different companies in the world, the corporate image is vital and essential for the proper positioning of a brand or service in the world of business SMEs (small and medium enterprises) element. The corporate image is how customers perceive as a business, which is what defines the success or failure of it. The creation of the corporate image must be one of the first steps for an employer to organize or start a business, not only in small and medium enterprises business but in all types of marketing products or services, the picture is absolutely everything what the customer perceives in the first instance. The corporate image of a company is nothing more than a way to firmly express the brand, is the opportunity for any company to differentiate itself from the competition. This image conveys the fundamental values such as consumer confidence in the client can forge business relationship. Consumers relate very large chains and positioned with professionalism, seriousness and tranquility, therefore for SMEs is challenging companies to achieve position in this competitive market. Gradually these companies build their solid and consistent corporate identity, which does get a bit position themselves in the minds of consumers. Corporate image depends on the type of clients that captures and of course the first impression you give the company, which is essential if you want to be different and stand out from the competition.
目前,世界上不同的公司已经饱和了市场,企业形象对于在中小企业元素的世界中正确定位品牌或服务至关重要。企业形象是客户对企业的看法,这也是企业成功或失败的定义。企业形象的塑造必须是雇主组织或创办企业的第一步,不仅在中小企业中,而且在所有类型的营销产品或服务中,图片绝对是客户最初所感知的一切。一家公司的企业形象无非是一种坚定表达品牌的方式,是任何一家公司在竞争中脱颖而出的机会。这张图片传达了消费者信心等基本价值观,客户可以建立业务关系。消费者与非常大的连锁店联系在一起,并以专业、严肃和平静的态度定位,因此,对于中小企业来说,要想在这个竞争激烈的市场中占据一席之地是一项挑战。渐渐地,这些公司建立了坚实而一致的企业形象,这确实在消费者心目中占据了一定的地位。企业形象取决于所吸引的客户类型,当然也取决于你给公司的第一印象,如果你想与众不同并在竞争中脱颖而出,这一点至关重要。
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引用次数: 12
La influencia de la pobreza en el crecimiento económico de Brasil, período 2000-2014 2000-2014年贫困对巴西经济增长的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N13.2017.10
Lady Andrea León Serrano, Washington Cevallos Gamboa, Á. Q. Vera
Brasil es la septima mayor economia del mundo y encabezo la lista de los paises que redujeron la pobreza en un 87% en los periodos 2006-2010. Sin embargo los niveles de Producto Interno Bruto no fueron alentadores. Ante estas afectaciones, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal determinar la influencia de la pobreza en el crecimiento economico y deuda externa de Brasil (periodo 2000-2014). El metodo aplicado se basa en la aplicacion de modelos econometricos de Regresion Lineal Simple y Multivariado, utilizando datos de la Comision Economica para America Latina y El Caribe y del Ministerio de Finanzas de Brasil. Los resultados del modelo lineal simple afirman una fuerte correlacion inversa de pobreza con desempleo y deuda externa medidos por el coeficiente de determinacion en 0.4533 y 0.7808 respectivamente, que representa ser aceptable para el modelo y una debil relacion con Producto Interno Bruto e inflacion. La aplicacion del modelo multivariado evidencia un excelente ajuste de explicacion de las variables independientes y pobreza con un nivel estadistico F igual a 17.64. Los resultados determinan que los porcentajes de Producto Interno Bruto e inflacion no inciden en los niveles de pobreza, el crecimiento economico no es afectado mayormente, mientras que los cambios en el endeudamiento externo y tasa de desempleo afectan a la pobreza.
巴西是世界第七大经济体,在2006-2010年期间贫困减少了87%的国家中排名第一。然而,国内生产总值水平并不令人鼓舞。本文分析了贫困对巴西经济增长和外债的影响(2000-2014年)。方法执行基于《简单的线性Regresion econometricos模型数据和变量,使用委员会拉丁美洲和加勒比Economica巴西财政部长和副部长。采用简单线性模型的结果表明,贫困与失业和外债的负相关关系,决定系数分别为0.4533和0.7808,这在模型中是可接受的,与国内生产总值和通货膨胀的关系较弱。本研究的目的是确定墨西哥的贫困水平和自变量之间的关系。本研究的目的是评估墨西哥的贫困水平,并确定墨西哥的贫困水平与国内生产总值(gdp)和通货膨胀率之间的关系。
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引用次数: 4
Evasión Tributaria vs Mecanismos implementados por la Administración Pública 逃税与公共行政实施的机制
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2016-12-29 DOI: 10.17163/ret.n12.2016.04
Priscilla Rossana Paredes Floril
Tax evasion is considered a worrying phenomenon for the Ecuadorian State, because despite the efforts made by the Internal Revenue Service to strengthen controls to reduce the level  of  evasion  and  to  strengthen  the  processes  aimed  at  increasing  the  collection,  still  these objectives can not be achieved. The present study was developed with the purpose of determining the percentage of evasion of the income tax on natural persons not required to keep accounts in the city of Guayaquil and were identified the reasons that lead taxpayers to commit evasion, this study will serve to the Tax Administration to rethink about the strategies  that  motivate  taxpayers  to  fulfill  their  formal  duties  in  tax  matters.  The  research  was conducted under a quantitative approach. The results showed that 38.9% of taxpayers still evade taxes.
逃税被认为是厄瓜多尔国家的一种令人担忧的现象,因为尽管国内税务局作出努力加强管制,以减少逃税现象,并加强旨在增加税收的程序,但这些目标仍然无法实现。本研究的目的是确定不需要在瓜亚基尔市保留账户的自然人逃税的百分比,并确定导致纳税人逃税的原因,本研究将有助于税务管理部门重新思考激励纳税人履行其税务事务正式职责的策略。这项研究是用定量方法进行的。调查结果显示,仍有38.9%的纳税人偷税漏税。
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引用次数: 6
Incidencia de las técnicas de gestión en la mejora de las decisiones administrativas 管理技术对改进行政决策的影响
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2016-12-29 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N12.2016.05
D. Pérez
Con el transcurrir de los anos los productos y servicios son cada vez mas complejos y con ello las exigencias de los clientes en cuanto a calidad, tiempo y precio. Es por ello necesario para triunfar una adecuada gestion y relacion de las areas de la entidad apoyandose en herramientas como las que integran la Contabilidad de Gestion, las cuales sirven de sosten tanto para la planeacion como para el control y por tanto para la toma de decisiones. La planeacion no esta encaminada a eliminar riesgos, pues asumirlos es esencial para el progreso, sino a asegurar que estos se detecten. En tal sentido aplicar un procedimiento sustentado en el modelo Costo-Volumen-Utilidad, para la toma de decisiones gerenciales, encaminadas al mejoramiento del proceso de comercializacion, en las empresas industriales constituye el objetivo de esta investigacion, que es validada a traves de un estudio de casos aplicado a la linea de produccion de jugos de frutas perteneciente a la  empresa industrial de citricos Ceballos, para ello se emplearon varios metodos del nivel teorico como entrevistas estructuradas, encuestas, criterio de expertos y se formulo un procedimiento para el analisis de las diferentes variables que conforman el modelo, asi como la valoracion de dos escenarios que permitieron diagnosticar la situacion de la industria, reconociendo que  el procedimiento propuesto permitio tomar decisiones encaminadas al mejoramiento de la comercializacion en la linea de jugos de la empresa industrial.
多年来,产品和服务越来越复杂,客户对质量、时间和价格的要求也越来越高。因此,有必要成功地对实体的各个领域进行适当的管理和关系,并依靠整合管理会计的工具,这些工具既是计划的基础,也是控制的基础,因此也是决策的基础。规划的目的不是消除风险,因为承担风险对取得进展至关重要,而是确保发现风险。为此应用程序Costo-Volumen-Utilidad模型》,在决策管理措施,来改善comercializacion进程、工业企业是这项调查的目的是验证通过的一项个案研究线鲜豆浆的水果属于citricos Ceballos工业公司,水平,使用多个metodos teorico专家访谈、调查、判断和formulo程序不同变量组成的分析模型,就是valoracion两个场景使工业诊断情况,并认识到拟议程序permitio作出旨在改善comercializacion在线工业企业消化。
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引用次数: 2
Indicadores sociales en instituciones financieras de la Economía Popular y Solidaria 大众和团结经济金融机构的社会指标
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2016-12-29 DOI: 10.17163/RET.N12.2016.01
Fabián Armando Cajas Guerrero, A. Serrano, O. Díaz
The present research searched to know, through a case study the analysis of all the variables that are structured in the Social Balance, a tool that helped in determining the Social Responsibility  of  the  institution,  object  of  study,  of  the  popular  and  solidarity  economy.  It should be mentioned that the type of research used had a qualitative and quantitative approach,  besides  being  supported  in  a  field  work.  The  results  indicate  that  the associative responsibility and the internal social policy of the Institution were rated scalar as good, with significant  percentages.  However,  in  terms  of  the  reception  channels  for  information  and educational  policy  and  the  contribution  to  community  development,  the  results  were  not very encouraging
本研究试图通过个案研究了解社会平衡中构成的所有变量的分析,这是一种有助于确定机构、研究对象、大众和团结经济的社会责任的工具。应当指出的是,所使用的研究类型除了得到实地工作的支持外,还采用了定性和定量方法。结果表明,该机构的关联责任和内部社会政策被评为良好,且比例显著。但是,就信息和教育政策的接收渠道以及对社区发展的贡献而言,结果并不十分令人鼓舞
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引用次数: 5
La Innovación Evaluativa y el cambio de paradigma en la enseñanza contable 会计教学中的评价创新与范式转变
IF 0.9 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2016-12-29 DOI: 10.17163/ret.n12.2016.03
Merle Iglesias Mora, P. Mora
The objective of the investigation was to analyze the current evaluation system of the subject of Accounting in the business area, to determine its incidence in the academic performance of the students. The level of the investigation was exploratory and descriptive, since it tried to specify the situation investigated without having previous informative antecedents to the study; for its design was considered of field, based on the collection of quantitative data. The results obtained allowed to propose the design of new strategies for the evaluation of knowledge, considering the elementary aspects of the educational evaluation determined by the National Authority and the experiences achieved by the teachers of educational institutions.
本次调查的目的是分析当前商业领域会计科目的评价体系,以确定其在学生学习成绩中的发生率。调查的程度是探索性和描述性的,因为它试图在没有先前的研究资料的情况下具体说明所调查的情况;其设计是在实地考察的基础上,收集定量数据的。所获得的结果允许提出设计新的知识评估战略,考虑到国家当局确定的教育评估的基本方面和教育机构教师取得的经验。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia
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