Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.05
Jackeline Contreras Díaz, Diego Ponce, Sebastian Cifuentes Vega
espanolA pesar de que el turismo se ha identificado como una de las actividades con mayores ventajas para conseguir el desarrollo regional. Una de las limitaciones para su consolidacion ha sido la sostenibilidad. El articulo resalta la importancia de considerar a la sostenibilidad socio economica de la actividad a traves de la construccion de circuitos economicos solidarios turisticos bajo los principios de la economia popular y solidaria. Este desafio plantea la necesidad de realizar una evaluacion in situ de como los actores han construido en sus imaginarios la posibilidad y ventaja de trabajar en redes articuladas a traves de los circuitos economicos solidarios; y, si la institucionalidad estatal nacional y local creada ha favorecido o facilitado este proposito. En base a la observacion- participativa y una serie de encuestas y entrevistas a los actores-socios de dichas organizaciones se consulto sobre los elementos favorables y limitantes para la constitucion de estos circuitos economicos solidarios en el sector turistico. Entre los principales resultados, se identifico que el tejido social y las relaciones entre los actores son elementos centrales para generar mayor sostenibilidad socioeconomica de la actividad turistica. Finalmente se pudo concluir que la generacion de conocimiento endogeno en los circuitos economicos turisticos requiere de la intervencion y promocion de las autoridades publicas; y son vitales para la consolidacion y desarrollo de estos circuitos. EnglishTourism has been identified as one of the activities with important advantages to achieve regional development. Nevertheless, one of its limitations has to do with sustainability. This article highlights the importance of considering socio-economic sustainability of this activity through the tourist solidarity economic circuit’s assembling under the principles of the popular and solidary economy. This challenge raises the necessity to realize on-site evaluation of how actors constructed their imaginaries about the possibility and the advantage of working in networks articulated through solidarity economic circuits; and, how the national and local state institutions favored or obstructed this purpose. It´s has been consulted about the favorable elements that the can be found in the constitution of these circuits in the tourist sector by observation-participation, surveys and interviews with actors-partners of these organizations. Among the main results that were found for the socioeconomic sustainability were that social networks and strong relationships between actors are of vital importance and also that the public stimulus should be oriented to both develop and take advantage of the endogenous knowledge related to these particular socio-economic interrelations.
{"title":"Circuitos económicos solidarios turísticos un desafío de sostenibilidad","authors":"Jackeline Contreras Díaz, Diego Ponce, Sebastian Cifuentes Vega","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.05","url":null,"abstract":"espanolA pesar de que el turismo se ha identificado como una de las actividades con mayores ventajas para conseguir el desarrollo regional. Una de las limitaciones para su consolidacion ha sido la sostenibilidad. El articulo resalta la importancia de considerar a la sostenibilidad socio economica de la actividad a traves de la construccion de circuitos economicos solidarios turisticos bajo los principios de la economia popular y solidaria. Este desafio plantea la necesidad de realizar una evaluacion in situ de como los actores han construido en sus imaginarios la posibilidad y ventaja de trabajar en redes articuladas a traves de los circuitos economicos solidarios; y, si la institucionalidad estatal nacional y local creada ha favorecido o facilitado este proposito. En base a la observacion- participativa y una serie de encuestas y entrevistas a los actores-socios de dichas organizaciones se consulto sobre los elementos favorables y limitantes para la constitucion de estos circuitos economicos solidarios en el sector turistico. Entre los principales resultados, se identifico que el tejido social y las relaciones entre los actores son elementos centrales para generar mayor sostenibilidad socioeconomica de la actividad turistica. Finalmente se pudo concluir que la generacion de conocimiento endogeno en los circuitos economicos turisticos requiere de la intervencion y promocion de las autoridades publicas; y son vitales para la consolidacion y desarrollo de estos circuitos. EnglishTourism has been identified as one of the activities with important advantages to achieve regional development. Nevertheless, one of its limitations has to do with sustainability. This article highlights the importance of considering socio-economic sustainability of this activity through the tourist solidarity economic circuit’s assembling under the principles of the popular and solidary economy. This challenge raises the necessity to realize on-site evaluation of how actors constructed their imaginaries about the possibility and the advantage of working in networks articulated through solidarity economic circuits; and, how the national and local state institutions favored or obstructed this purpose. It´s has been consulted about the favorable elements that the can be found in the constitution of these circuits in the tourist sector by observation-participation, surveys and interviews with actors-partners of these organizations. Among the main results that were found for the socioeconomic sustainability were that social networks and strong relationships between actors are of vital importance and also that the public stimulus should be oriented to both develop and take advantage of the endogenous knowledge related to these particular socio-economic interrelations.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44276234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.09
Guillermo Montoya, M. Jiménez, Araceli Galiano Coronil
Through social networks it is possible to create a virtual community around a brand allowing users who wish to inform themselves and interact with the publications made by the brand itself. In this context, these social networks stand out as a channel to obtain and disseminate information on travel experiences, being of great influence on the part of tourists when making a purchase decision. In this way, it is interesting to know how tourist destinations use these social networks to carry out their marketing strategies. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the activity and effectiveness of official social networks for tourism promotion in Ibero-American countries. To do this, we consider the variables of “presence”, “engagement” and “type of publications” that are measured through a series of performance indicators using the online analysis tool Fanpage Karma®. The results specify that each social network can be used for a particular goal. Facebook stands out as the most complete social network for the promotion of tourist destination with a greater number of followers. Instagram becomes the main social network for general greater interaction with users while Twitter evolves into a news and communication channel. Also highlight the importance of the visual nature of publications for the tourism sector, being those that most often generate interactions of the social networks studied are useful according to the objective to be achieved.
{"title":"Redes sociales como medio de promoción turística en los países iberoamericanos","authors":"Guillermo Montoya, M. Jiménez, Araceli Galiano Coronil","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.09","url":null,"abstract":"Through social networks it is possible to create a virtual community around a brand allowing users who wish to inform themselves and interact with the publications made by the brand itself. In this context, these social networks stand out as a channel to obtain and disseminate information on travel experiences, being of great influence on the part of tourists when making a purchase decision. In this way, it is interesting to know how tourist destinations use these social networks to carry out their marketing strategies. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the activity and effectiveness of official social networks for tourism promotion in Ibero-American countries. To do this, we consider the variables of “presence”, “engagement” and “type of publications” that are measured through a series of performance indicators using the online analysis tool Fanpage Karma®. The results specify that each social network can be used for a particular goal. Facebook stands out as the most complete social network for the promotion of tourist destination with a greater number of followers. Instagram becomes the main social network for general greater interaction with users while Twitter evolves into a news and communication channel. Also highlight the importance of the visual nature of publications for the tourism sector, being those that most often generate interactions of the social networks studied are useful according to the objective to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"135-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48865149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.02
Marta Magadán Díaz, J. I. R. García
Eco-innovation is shown as one of the great challenges of the tourism industry given the growing connection between environmental quality and its good performance. Although the tourism literature has considered the topic of business sustainability in broader terms, the notion of eco-innovations represents a new field of research with studies that still investigate in depth the adoption of eco-innovations among tourism companies. This work addresses the conceptual evolution of eco-innovation to subsequently develop an analytical framework that tentatively explores this concept and its implementation in Mexican tourist accommodation companies through two basic internal characteristics of these organizations: their business performances and their respective sizes, measured in number of rooms. The methodology used has been the case method, making a set of case studies related to six hotel groups of purely Mexican capital through documentary evidence and structured interviews. The conclusions derived from the findings suggest, firstly, that eco-innovation is directly linked to the evolution of business results and the size of organizations and, secondly, that eco-innovation is perceived as a strategic bet generating comparative advantages for Mexican companies studied, independently of the signals issued by an ecologically aware demand and beyond the governmental regulatory actions.
{"title":"La eco-innovación en las empresas mexicanas de alojamiento turístico","authors":"Marta Magadán Díaz, J. I. R. García","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.02","url":null,"abstract":"Eco-innovation is shown as one of the great challenges of the tourism industry given the growing connection between environmental quality and its good performance. Although the tourism literature has considered the topic of business sustainability in broader terms, the notion of eco-innovations represents a new field of research with studies that still investigate in depth the adoption of eco-innovations among tourism companies. This work addresses the conceptual evolution of eco-innovation to subsequently develop an analytical framework that tentatively explores this concept and its implementation in Mexican tourist accommodation companies through two basic internal characteristics of these organizations: their business performances and their respective sizes, measured in number of rooms. The methodology used has been the case method, making a set of case studies related to six hotel groups of purely Mexican capital through documentary evidence and structured interviews. The conclusions derived from the findings suggest, firstly, that eco-innovation is directly linked to the evolution of business results and the size of organizations and, secondly, that eco-innovation is perceived as a strategic bet generating comparative advantages for Mexican companies studied, independently of the signals issued by an ecologically aware demand and beyond the governmental regulatory actions.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41317992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.07
Antonio Peláez Verdet, Pilar Loscertales Sánchez
espanolEl turismo de cruceros es un poderoso dinamizador del turismo en los destinos en los que opera, y ha sido largamente estudiado desde el punto de vista del comportamiento del consumidor. Tambien las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad medioambiental y social de este tipo de turismo han sido analizadas con detenimiento por la literatura. No obstante, y a pesar de un creciente numero de investigaciones relacionadas con su impacto economico, no se ha llegado aun a una conclusion robusta sobre el efecto economico neto que tiene sobre los destinos. En este trabajo se estudia el impacto economico del turismo de cruceros en cuatro destinos del mediterraneo espanol con caracteristicas distintas, usando datos de EGATUR y datos financieros de las empresas turisticas localizadas en los distintos destinos. Tras la aplicacion de tecnicas multivariantes se establecen los umbrales en los que el turismo de cruceros tiene un efecto mas beneficioso para la rentabilidad de las empresas turisticas que directamente se benefician del trafico crucerista en destino. EnglishCruise tourism is a powerful development agent on the destinations where it is present. It has been largely studied from the customer behaviour point of view. Moreover, its environmental and social sustainability dimensions have been deeply analysed by the literature. However, in spite of a growing number of researches related to its economic impact, no robust conclusion about its economic effect onto destinations has been reached so far. In this work we examine the economic impact of cruise tourism in four different Spanish Mediterranean destinations. For that we use data from EGATUR statistics and financial data from tourism companies in each destination considered. After running curvilinear multivariable techniques, we stablished a correlation between the cruise traffic and the economic profitability of those enterprises within its scope. Moreover, despite we found no significant correlation with finantial profitability, we also found evidence of significant connection between cruise traffic and the employment level of touristic firms affected.
{"title":"Evaluación de la sostenibilidad económica del turismo de cruceros. Una aproximación metodológica en el Litoral Mediterráneo español","authors":"Antonio Peláez Verdet, Pilar Loscertales Sánchez","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.07","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl turismo de cruceros es un poderoso dinamizador del turismo en los destinos en los que opera, y ha sido largamente estudiado desde el punto de vista del comportamiento del consumidor. Tambien las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad medioambiental y social de este tipo de turismo han sido analizadas con detenimiento por la literatura. No obstante, y a pesar de un creciente numero de investigaciones relacionadas con su impacto economico, no se ha llegado aun a una conclusion robusta sobre el efecto economico neto que tiene sobre los destinos. En este trabajo se estudia el impacto economico del turismo de cruceros en cuatro destinos del mediterraneo espanol con caracteristicas distintas, usando datos de EGATUR y datos financieros de las empresas turisticas localizadas en los distintos destinos. Tras la aplicacion de tecnicas multivariantes se establecen los umbrales en los que el turismo de cruceros tiene un efecto mas beneficioso para la rentabilidad de las empresas turisticas que directamente se benefician del trafico crucerista en destino. EnglishCruise tourism is a powerful development agent on the destinations where it is present. It has been largely studied from the customer behaviour point of view. Moreover, its environmental and social sustainability dimensions have been deeply analysed by the literature. However, in spite of a growing number of researches related to its economic impact, no robust conclusion about its economic effect onto destinations has been reached so far. In this work we examine the economic impact of cruise tourism in four different Spanish Mediterranean destinations. For that we use data from EGATUR statistics and financial data from tourism companies in each destination considered. After running curvilinear multivariable techniques, we stablished a correlation between the cruise traffic and the economic profitability of those enterprises within its scope. Moreover, despite we found no significant correlation with finantial profitability, we also found evidence of significant connection between cruise traffic and the employment level of touristic firms affected.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"101-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48400802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.01
M. P. Lasarte, D. G. Bruna, Clara Martín Duque
In terms of tourist destination’s sustainable development, planning plays a key role, and an important part is the tourist promotion. In the case of Spain, the boom of tourism in the 50s meant a high level of income and popularity but also serious damage in the environment when tourist sustainability didn’t receive attention yet. For the tourist development of a destination to be sustainable, the establishment of appropriate strategic plans is needed. Thus, thanks to the study of a real case, this paper allows the analysis of the influence of tourist promotion in the evolution of a tourist destination towards the sustainability. The method used has been double: firstly, Spanish government’s official documentation has been reviewed in order to confirm the evolution of Spanish tourist planning in relation to sustainability; secondly, tourist promotion images and campaigns has been analyzed to verify the evolution of the conveyed image and its influence in the sustainable development of Spanish tourism. This analysis confirms that tourist promotion has played a main role in the development and growth of Spain as a tourist destination, proving that its adaptation to market’s needs and sustainability was fundamental. Therefore, it is verified that tourist promotion –within a general planning strategy– means a key aspect for an appropriate development of a tourist destination.
{"title":"Planificación turística, promoción y sostenibilidad ambiental: el caso de España","authors":"M. P. Lasarte, D. G. Bruna, Clara Martín Duque","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.01","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of tourist destination’s sustainable development, planning plays a key role, and an important part is the tourist promotion. In the case of Spain, the boom of tourism in the 50s meant a high level of income and popularity but also serious damage in the environment when tourist sustainability didn’t receive attention yet. For the tourist development of a destination to be sustainable, the establishment of appropriate strategic plans is needed. Thus, thanks to the study of a real case, this paper allows the analysis of the influence of tourist promotion in the evolution of a tourist destination towards the sustainability. The method used has been double: firstly, Spanish government’s official documentation has been reviewed in order to confirm the evolution of Spanish tourist planning in relation to sustainability; secondly, tourist promotion images and campaigns has been analyzed to verify the evolution of the conveyed image and its influence in the sustainable development of Spanish tourism. This analysis confirms that tourist promotion has played a main role in the development and growth of Spain as a tourist destination, proving that its adaptation to market’s needs and sustainability was fundamental. Therefore, it is verified that tourist promotion –within a general planning strategy– means a key aspect for an appropriate development of a tourist destination.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42023589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.17163/RET.N15.2018.06
E. N. Barriopedro, J. López, Rafael Ravina-Ripoll
Film tourism has been studied for decades as a phenomenon that may become profitable when a destination is chosen as a film shooting location. The main objective of this paper is to discover the factors that influence the tourists to choose Dubrovnik as holiday destination. Moreover, this study aims to analyze the trends in Dubrovnik’s foreign tourism, after the launch of the original TV series Game of Thrones, as well as the factors of tourist satisfaction. In this article two different types of data have been used. On the one hand, secondary data provided by the Croatian Institute for Tourism and Dubrovnik Tourism Board, in the form of aggregate figures of tourism arrivals and overnights in whole Croatia and in Dubrovnik specifically, for the period between 2007 and 2016, prior and post the release of Game of Thrones in 2011. On the other hand, primary data obtained from a questionnaire deployed by the Dubrovnik Tourism Board in the summer of 2013 to 264 tourists in the city of Dubrovnik. Finally, as attraction factors of Dubrovnik highlight nature, being a territory of cultural interest, and sun and beach destination. Furthermore, two dimensions of satisfaction are differentiated, one focused on "cultural enrichment and self-realization" and another one on "material and earthly life".
{"title":"La creatividad en el sector turístico americano y europeo: Caso Croacia","authors":"E. N. Barriopedro, J. López, Rafael Ravina-Ripoll","doi":"10.17163/RET.N15.2018.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N15.2018.06","url":null,"abstract":"Film tourism has been studied for decades as a phenomenon that may become profitable when a destination is chosen as a film shooting location. The main objective of this paper is to discover the factors that influence the tourists to choose Dubrovnik as holiday destination. Moreover, this study aims to analyze the trends in Dubrovnik’s foreign tourism, after the launch of the original TV series Game of Thrones, as well as the factors of tourist satisfaction. In this article two different types of data have been used. On the one hand, secondary data provided by the Croatian Institute for Tourism and Dubrovnik Tourism Board, in the form of aggregate figures of tourism arrivals and overnights in whole Croatia and in Dubrovnik specifically, for the period between 2007 and 2016, prior and post the release of Game of Thrones in 2011. On the other hand, primary data obtained from a questionnaire deployed by the Dubrovnik Tourism Board in the summer of 2013 to 264 tourists in the city of Dubrovnik. Finally, as attraction factors of Dubrovnik highlight nature, being a territory of cultural interest, and sun and beach destination. Furthermore, two dimensions of satisfaction are differentiated, one focused on \"cultural enrichment and self-realization\" and another one on \"material and earthly life\".","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"8 1","pages":"83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43383211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.17163/RET.N14.2017.06
Rafael Ravina Ripoll, F. Manzanares, Guillermo Montoya
This paper is a theoretical reviews of research in the field of organizational behavior. The purpose of the study is to reflect on how business productivity increases when corporate welfare is promoted. The model theoretical created titled «Generator model of the Culture of Innovation applying Happiness Management» has been divided into several phases, with an outline of the steps which must interact to provide solutions to problems in organizations in the current century. Current trends of management are beginning to consider the principles or philosophy of “Happiness Management” as future trends that can be applied to any organization, regardless of the sector where they operate. That is the reason why nowadays, it is necessary to implement cultures willing to get competitive and sustainable results in the company, thereby renewing in the first place corporate welfare and, consequently, its labor productivity, and secondly improving organizational performance generating competitiveness. Finally, the culture of innovation based on increasing corporate welfare improves the image of the company, being it projected in a positive way towards all its stakeholders.
{"title":"Una aproximación teórica para mejorar los resultados de innovación en las empresas desde la perspectiva del “Happiness Management”","authors":"Rafael Ravina Ripoll, F. Manzanares, Guillermo Montoya","doi":"10.17163/RET.N14.2017.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N14.2017.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a theoretical reviews of research in the field of organizational behavior. The purpose of the study is to reflect on how business productivity increases when corporate welfare is promoted. The model theoretical created titled «Generator model of the Culture of Innovation applying Happiness Management» has been divided into several phases, with an outline of the steps which must interact to provide solutions to problems in organizations in the current century. Current trends of management are beginning to consider the principles or philosophy of “Happiness Management” as future trends that can be applied to any organization, regardless of the sector where they operate. That is the reason why nowadays, it is necessary to implement cultures willing to get competitive and sustainable results in the company, thereby renewing in the first place corporate welfare and, consequently, its labor productivity, and secondly improving organizational performance generating competitiveness. Finally, the culture of innovation based on increasing corporate welfare improves the image of the company, being it projected in a positive way towards all its stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"7 1","pages":"113-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44107952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.17163/RET.N14.2017.07
Arturo F. Montenegro, Ruth Zamora Sánchez, Valeria Arias-Villavicencio
El presente trabajo analiza, la factibilidad en la produccion de calzado ortopedico en Tungurahua para ninos en edades comprendidas entre los 0 y 4 anos, en los cuales se pueden evidenciar patologias de los pies, que, con el debido tratamiento y el calzado adecuado, se puede solucionar gracias al uso de la tecnologia, con lo cual propone cubrir un mercado actualmente desatendido como es el calzado ortopedico para edad temprana. La investigacion es de tipo descriptiva, cuantitativa, no experimental con muestreo probabilistico, basada en el analisis de datos obtenidos durante un horizonte de tiempo de 1 ano, teniendo como tecnicas de recopilacion de informacion fichas de observacion directa y entrevistas a expertos calzadistas; y la realizacion de una encuesta a quienes utilizan los productos motivo de la investigacion. La interpretacion fue mediante discusiones participativas. En lo referente a resultados, el mercado de la produccion de calzado existe muy poca competencia y dedicacion por parte los productores a elaborar calzado ortopedico ya que como se indica es necesario realizar inversiones adicionales con la finalidad de obtener un producto de calidad. Como principales hallazgos de la investigacion, se comprobo que gran parte de los encuestados desconocen la existencia de patologias, tales como: pie plano, pie pronador y pie supinador. De igual manera, se verifica la necesidad de contar con un especialista en el tratamiento de problemas de los pies en el proceso de fabricacion de calzado ortopedico, el cual vaya verificando el uso de los materiales adecuados para corregir cada problema.
{"title":"Análisis de factibilidad en la producción de calzado ortopédico para niños en la provincia de Tungurahua","authors":"Arturo F. Montenegro, Ruth Zamora Sánchez, Valeria Arias-Villavicencio","doi":"10.17163/RET.N14.2017.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N14.2017.07","url":null,"abstract":"El presente trabajo analiza, la factibilidad en la produccion de calzado ortopedico en Tungurahua para ninos en edades comprendidas entre los 0 y 4 anos, en los cuales se pueden evidenciar patologias de los pies, que, con el debido tratamiento y el calzado adecuado, se puede solucionar gracias al uso de la tecnologia, con lo cual propone cubrir un mercado actualmente desatendido como es el calzado ortopedico para edad temprana. La investigacion es de tipo descriptiva, cuantitativa, no experimental con muestreo probabilistico, basada en el analisis de datos obtenidos durante un horizonte de tiempo de 1 ano, teniendo como tecnicas de recopilacion de informacion fichas de observacion directa y entrevistas a expertos calzadistas; y la realizacion de una encuesta a quienes utilizan los productos motivo de la investigacion. La interpretacion fue mediante discusiones participativas. En lo referente a resultados, el mercado de la produccion de calzado existe muy poca competencia y dedicacion por parte los productores a elaborar calzado ortopedico ya que como se indica es necesario realizar inversiones adicionales con la finalidad de obtener un producto de calidad. Como principales hallazgos de la investigacion, se comprobo que gran parte de los encuestados desconocen la existencia de patologias, tales como: pie plano, pie pronador y pie supinador. De igual manera, se verifica la necesidad de contar con un especialista en el tratamiento de problemas de los pies en el proceso de fabricacion de calzado ortopedico, el cual vaya verificando el uso de los materiales adecuados para corregir cada problema.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"7 1","pages":"131-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43702088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-29DOI: 10.17163/RET.N14.2017.01
Iria Puyosa, Armando Chaguaceda
Since 2010, there has been a trend towards establishing internet control and securitization policies (Freedom House, 2016). The literature on the subject indicates that the mechanisms of internet control vary according to the type of political regimes. The objective of this work is to verify if the policies of control of Internet in Latin America vary according to the type of prevailing political regime. For the study were selected five Latin American countries that are categorized as examples of different political regimes: Chile, Mexico, Ecuador, Venezuela and Cuba. For each case, the indicators related to freedom of expression on the internet are reported in accordance with the data provided by «Varieties of Democracy». «Freedom on the Net» categorizations are used as a complement. The results indicate that there is a correlation between political regime (measured by polyarchy index) and internet freedom. Indeed the more autocratic the regime is, the more first-generation internet controls are observed, with censorship of contents and violations of users’ rights. While in hybrid regimes second-generation controls are more commonly observed, which involve obstacles to access, without reaching content blocking and network outages.
{"title":"Cinco regímenes políticos en Latinoamérica, libertad de internet y mecanismos de control","authors":"Iria Puyosa, Armando Chaguaceda","doi":"10.17163/RET.N14.2017.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/RET.N14.2017.01","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2010, there has been a trend towards establishing internet control and securitization policies (Freedom House, 2016). The literature on the subject indicates that the mechanisms of internet control vary according to the type of political regimes. The objective of this work is to verify if the policies of control of Internet in Latin America vary according to the type of prevailing political regime. For the study were selected five Latin American countries that are categorized as examples of different political regimes: Chile, Mexico, Ecuador, Venezuela and Cuba. For each case, the indicators related to freedom of expression on the internet are reported in accordance with the data provided by «Varieties of Democracy». «Freedom on the Net» categorizations are used as a complement. The results indicate that there is a correlation between political regime (measured by polyarchy index) and internet freedom. Indeed the more autocratic the regime is, the more first-generation internet controls are observed, with censorship of contents and violations of users’ rights. While in hybrid regimes second-generation controls are more commonly observed, which involve obstacles to access, without reaching content blocking and network outages.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"7 1","pages":"11-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La inclusion de las Personas con Discapacidad (PcD) en el ambito laboral aun tiene falencias que se debe ir corrigiendo, considerando que este grupo ha sentido la exclusion laboral de alguna u otra forma. El sector empresarial, protagonista principal del mercado laboral y actor fundamental en la realizacion de una verdadera inclusion, ya sea por cumplimiento de normativas legales establecidas o a su vez por realizar Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, tiene en sus manos la inclusion laboral de personas con esta condicion. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar la realidad de las empresas en la inclusion laboral de las personas con discapacidad. Para el efecto se aplica un diseno metodologico de tipo cuali-cuantitativo en base a un marco teorico revisado para luego identificar valoraciones que permitan reunir evidencias y emitir un juicio de valor en la investigacion. Se aplica el tipo de muestra probabilistica aleatoria simple a traves de la cual cada elemento de la poblacion tiene la misma oportunidad de ser elegida. La investigacion se realiza a traves de una encuesta establecida de cuatro dimensiones: i) planificacion; ii) inclusion; iii) equidad y; iv) desarrollo. De las 80 empresas encuestadas, el 11,70% corresponden a aquellas que realizan las mejores practicas empresariales. Tambien destaca el sector comercial en los ejes de inclusion, equidad y desarrollo. El eje de desarrollo es el que tiene menor porcentaje, por lo que se le debe considerar con mayor interes para mejorar los procesos de inclusion de PcD.
{"title":"Mejores prácticas empresariales de responsabilidad social en la inclusión de personas con discapacidad. Estudio de caso en empresas de Ambato, Ecuador","authors":"Fanny Paulina Pico Barrionuevo, Silvia Susana Torres","doi":"10.17163/ret.n14.2017.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n14.2017.10","url":null,"abstract":"La inclusion de las Personas con Discapacidad (PcD) en el ambito laboral aun tiene falencias que se debe ir corrigiendo, considerando que este grupo ha sentido la exclusion laboral de alguna u otra forma. El sector empresarial, protagonista principal del mercado laboral y actor fundamental en la realizacion de una verdadera inclusion, ya sea por cumplimiento de normativas legales establecidas o a su vez por realizar Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, tiene en sus manos la inclusion laboral de personas con esta condicion. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar la realidad de las empresas en la inclusion laboral de las personas con discapacidad. Para el efecto se aplica un diseno metodologico de tipo cuali-cuantitativo en base a un marco teorico revisado para luego identificar valoraciones que permitan reunir evidencias y emitir un juicio de valor en la investigacion. Se aplica el tipo de muestra probabilistica aleatoria simple a traves de la cual cada elemento de la poblacion tiene la misma oportunidad de ser elegida. La investigacion se realiza a traves de una encuesta establecida de cuatro dimensiones: i) planificacion; ii) inclusion; iii) equidad y; iv) desarrollo. De las 80 empresas encuestadas, el 11,70% corresponden a aquellas que realizan las mejores practicas empresariales. Tambien destaca el sector comercial en los ejes de inclusion, equidad y desarrollo. El eje de desarrollo es el que tiene menor porcentaje, por lo que se le debe considerar con mayor interes para mejorar los procesos de inclusion de PcD.","PeriodicalId":52034,"journal":{"name":"Retos-Revista de Ciencias de la Administracion y Economia","volume":"7 1","pages":"189-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42634870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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