Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2021.36.1.1.8
O. E. Olaniyi, C. O. Martins, M. Zakaria
| The study aimed at estimating the population and modelling the site occupancy of the Porphyrio porphyrio indicus (PPI) and Amaurornis phoenicurus (AP) populations in the Paya Indah (PIW) and Putrajaya (PW) wetlands, Peninsular Malaysia. The distance sampling point count technique using stratified random design was employed to survey (from November 2016 to December 2018) and choose 57 and 54 point stations around 14 and 24 lakes of PIW and PW respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) existed in the encounter rate and effective detection radius of PPI and AP between PIW and PW. Both wetlands had low site occupancy, an unevenly distributed and non-significantly relative abundance (p>0.05) of PPI and AP . PW recorded the higher estimates of site occupancy, naïve occupancy and detection probability by PPI and AP. The findings implied that PW is more abundant in PPI and AP as compared to PIW. Also, it ascertained that the homogenous sites due to proximity (10km) with different wetland types (natural and artificial) could convey varied population estimates and site occupancy of the two species. Novelty Statement | This is the first study that estimated the population and model the site occupancy of Porphyrio porphyrio indicus (PPI) and Amaurornis phoenicurus (AP) in the urban
{"title":"Population Estimates and Site Occupancy of Purple Swamphen and White-Breasted Waterhen in the Natural and Artificial Urban Wetlands of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"O. E. Olaniyi, C. O. Martins, M. Zakaria","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2021.36.1.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2021.36.1.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"| The study aimed at estimating the population and modelling the site occupancy of the Porphyrio porphyrio indicus (PPI) and Amaurornis phoenicurus (AP) populations in the Paya Indah (PIW) and Putrajaya (PW) wetlands, Peninsular Malaysia. The distance sampling point count technique using stratified random design was employed to survey (from November 2016 to December 2018) and choose 57 and 54 point stations around 14 and 24 lakes of PIW and PW respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) existed in the encounter rate and effective detection radius of PPI and AP between PIW and PW. Both wetlands had low site occupancy, an unevenly distributed and non-significantly relative abundance (p>0.05) of PPI and AP . PW recorded the higher estimates of site occupancy, naïve occupancy and detection probability by PPI and AP. The findings implied that PW is more abundant in PPI and AP as compared to PIW. Also, it ascertained that the homogenous sites due to proximity (10km) with different wetland types (natural and artificial) could convey varied population estimates and site occupancy of the two species. Novelty Statement | This is the first study that estimated the population and model the site occupancy of Porphyrio porphyrio indicus (PPI) and Amaurornis phoenicurus (AP) in the urban","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.159.163
M. I. Ullah, M. Arshad, A. Raza, N. Altaf, M. Afzal
{"title":"Insecticidal Suppression of Citrus Leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Homoptera: Liviidae) in Citrus Orchards","authors":"M. I. Ullah, M. Arshad, A. Raza, N. Altaf, M. Afzal","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.159.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.159.163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67579088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.131.139
M. Mamun, S. Nasren, S. Rathore, Kavalagiriyanahalli Srinivasiah Ramesh
{"title":"Histopathological Studies of Pond Reared Indian Major Carp, Catla catla Infested with Argulus japonicus and Trial for Argulosis Treatment","authors":"M. Mamun, S. Nasren, S. Rathore, Kavalagiriyanahalli Srinivasiah Ramesh","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.131.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2021.36.2.131.139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.55.60
A. Faraz
| The present study was undertaken to evaluate the blood biochemical and wool mineral profile of Marecha dromedary camel calves reared in intensive management system (IMS) by feeding two different dietary regimes. The study was conducted at camel breeding and research station (CBRS) Rakh-Mahni tahsil Mankera of district Bhakkar-Punjab, Pakistan. Ten male calves of 310±35 days of age were raised in stall-fed conditions. They were fed two isocaloric diets with different protein levels as 18% (G1) and 22% (G2). Regarding roughage proportion lucerne and gram crop residues were fed. Daily feeding allowance was offered as 3% body weight. Water was provided twice a day. In blood-biochemical analyses, level of Hb (hemoglobin) concentration (P<0.05) was found to be significantly different as 16.4±0.14 and 16.8±0.09 (g/dL) with G1 and G2, respectively. The concentration levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, albumin, total-protein, glucose, Ca and P were found significantly (P<0.05) varied among groups. Regarding hair mineral profile, concentrations of Cu and Mn were found non-significantly (P>0.05) varied among the groups while concentrations of Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe were found non-significantly (P>0.05) varied between groups fed with ration I and II. Novelty Statement | The blood and wool mineral study is an indirect tool for assessing the general health status of animal. But unfortunately, a little is known about blood biochemicals and wool mineral profile of camel calves in Pakistan. This is the first study in respect which gives picture about these parameters in intensive conditions. It will be a useful addition to build the country’s primary database for future studies of this field.
本研究通过饲喂两种不同的饲粮方案，对集约化管理系统(IMS)饲养的Marecha单峰骆驼幼崽的血液生化和羊毛矿物特征进行了评价。这项研究是在巴基斯坦Bhakkar-Punjab地区的骆驼繁育研究站Rakh-Mahni tahsil Mankera进行的。10头310±35日龄的公犊牛采用隔间饲养。各组分别饲喂蛋白质水平为18% (G1)和22% (G2)的等热量饲粮。按粗饲料比例饲喂苜蓿叶和革兰叶作物残茬，日补给量为体重的3%。每天供应两次水。血液生化分析中，各组间Hb(血红蛋白)浓度差异显著(P0.05)， Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe浓度差异不显著(P0.05)。血液和羊毛矿物质研究是评估动物总体健康状况的一种间接工具。但不幸的是，人们对巴基斯坦骆驼幼崽的血液生化物质和羊毛矿物特征知之甚少。这是第一个在密集条件下给出这些参数图像的研究。这将是为今后研究这一领域建立该国主要数据库的有益补充。
{"title":"Some Feedlots Do Not Change Biochemical and Wool Mineral Profile in Dromedary Calves","authors":"A. Faraz","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.55.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.55.60","url":null,"abstract":"| The present study was undertaken to evaluate the blood biochemical and wool mineral profile of Marecha dromedary camel calves reared in intensive management system (IMS) by feeding two different dietary regimes. The study was conducted at camel breeding and research station (CBRS) Rakh-Mahni tahsil Mankera of district Bhakkar-Punjab, Pakistan. Ten male calves of 310±35 days of age were raised in stall-fed conditions. They were fed two isocaloric diets with different protein levels as 18% (G1) and 22% (G2). Regarding roughage proportion lucerne and gram crop residues were fed. Daily feeding allowance was offered as 3% body weight. Water was provided twice a day. In blood-biochemical analyses, level of Hb (hemoglobin) concentration (P<0.05) was found to be significantly different as 16.4±0.14 and 16.8±0.09 (g/dL) with G1 and G2, respectively. The concentration levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, albumin, total-protein, glucose, Ca and P were found significantly (P<0.05) varied among groups. Regarding hair mineral profile, concentrations of Cu and Mn were found non-significantly (P>0.05) varied among the groups while concentrations of Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe were found non-significantly (P>0.05) varied between groups fed with ration I and II. Novelty Statement | The blood and wool mineral study is an indirect tool for assessing the general health status of animal. But unfortunately, a little is known about blood biochemicals and wool mineral profile of camel calves in Pakistan. This is the first study in respect which gives picture about these parameters in intensive conditions. It will be a useful addition to build the country’s primary database for future studies of this field.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.261.268
T. A. Mughal, Shaukat Ali, H. M. Tahir, S. Mumtaz, S. Mumtaz, A. Hassan, S. A. R. Kazmi
| Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which blood is overloaded with lipids. This condition is challenging for living beings. There are many ways to solve this problem but herbal medicines take on paramount importance in this regard. The purpose of the current research was to inspect the effects of an aqueous extract of Berberis lycium Royle root bark on lipid profiles of Swiss albino mice in which diabetic phenotype was induced by alloxan. A single injection of Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was applied intravenously to induce diabetic phenotype. Alloxan induction raised the overall level of triglycerides, low density- lipids (LDLs), and cholesterol and reduced the level of high density lipids (HDLs). Oral administration of 200 mg/kg aqueous extract of B. lycium Royle root bark for 28 days rescued all these changes. This study shows that the root bark extract of B. lycium Royle has antihyperlipidemic properties. Novelty Statement | This study reports that root bark extract of Berberis lycium Royle has very strong antihyperlipidemic properties.
{"title":"Anti-hyperlipidemic Effect of Berberis lycium Royle Root Bark Extract in Alloxanized Swiss Albino Mice","authors":"T. A. Mughal, Shaukat Ali, H. M. Tahir, S. Mumtaz, S. Mumtaz, A. Hassan, S. A. R. Kazmi","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.261.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.261.268","url":null,"abstract":"| Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which blood is overloaded with lipids. This condition is challenging for living beings. There are many ways to solve this problem but herbal medicines take on paramount importance in this regard. The purpose of the current research was to inspect the effects of an aqueous extract of Berberis lycium Royle root bark on lipid profiles of Swiss albino mice in which diabetic phenotype was induced by alloxan. A single injection of Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was applied intravenously to induce diabetic phenotype. Alloxan induction raised the overall level of triglycerides, low density- lipids (LDLs), and cholesterol and reduced the level of high density lipids (HDLs). Oral administration of 200 mg/kg aqueous extract of B. lycium Royle root bark for 28 days rescued all these changes. This study shows that the root bark extract of B. lycium Royle has antihyperlipidemic properties. Novelty Statement | This study reports that root bark extract of Berberis lycium Royle has very strong antihyperlipidemic properties.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.217.222
H. Sarwar, Kousar Perveen, Rida Mazhar, M. Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani
COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to have significant effects on the mental health of people all across the globe, generally, and healthcare workers, particularly. This report is a cross-sectional study comprising statistical data and mental health measurements from HCW including doctors, nurses, and paramedics from DHQ Hospital Jhelum, Punjab Pakistan during the period April 24, 2020, to May 09, 2020. Healthcare professionals in hospitals equipped with flu filter clinics and COVID-19 isolation wards were eligible. After obtaining informed consent and assuring confidentiality, statistical data, and mental health measurements from 73. The instrument used for this study was focused on depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia using the Chinese genre of authorized measurement tools. Removed reference statistical evaluation was performed by using SPSS version 2.6. The data was analyzed to assess the severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia;and then conferred as numbers and percentages. A significant proportion of doctors, nurses, and paramedics reported symptoms of anxiety (38.3%), depression (58.9%), insomnia (45.2%), and distress (61.64%). Overall data collected showed that the ratio of symptoms was comparatively high among nurses than doctors.
{"title":"Mental Health Status of Health Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Setting of DHQ Hospital Jhelum, Punjab, Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"H. Sarwar, Kousar Perveen, Rida Mazhar, M. Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.217.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.217.222","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to have significant effects on the mental health of people all across the globe, generally, and healthcare workers, particularly. This report is a cross-sectional study comprising statistical data and mental health measurements from HCW including doctors, nurses, and paramedics from DHQ Hospital Jhelum, Punjab Pakistan during the period April 24, 2020, to May 09, 2020. Healthcare professionals in hospitals equipped with flu filter clinics and COVID-19 isolation wards were eligible. After obtaining informed consent and assuring confidentiality, statistical data, and mental health measurements from 73. The instrument used for this study was focused on depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia using the Chinese genre of authorized measurement tools. Removed reference statistical evaluation was performed by using SPSS version 2.6. The data was analyzed to assess the severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety, distress, and insomnia;and then conferred as numbers and percentages. A significant proportion of doctors, nurses, and paramedics reported symptoms of anxiety (38.3%), depression (58.9%), insomnia (45.2%), and distress (61.64%). Overall data collected showed that the ratio of symptoms was comparatively high among nurses than doctors.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.203.206
S. Parveen, K. Parveen, Muhammad Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani, Muhammad Musadaq
| Inappropriate weaning practices in infancy can lead to malnutrition that may have long-lasting impacts on health of the child. The objective of this study was to find out association of malnutrition in infants with the age at which weaning was started. This is an observational, cross-sectional study which was conducted in the Pediatric Medicine Department of DHQ Hospital, Chakwal, Pakistan from January 2020 to February 2020. All infants that presented to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 were included in the study after obtaining informed consent from their accompanying parent or guardian. Infants who were premature or had any congenital disease were excluded from the study. Information about the weaning practices of the infants was obtained from the consenting parent or guardian of each respective infant and recorded in the questionnaire. Weight and height of each infant was measured in kilograms and cm, respectively, and recorded. Data was entered in SPSS version 26 and analyzed for results. A total of 200 infants were included in the study, of which 94 (47%) of infants were less than 6 months old, and 106 (53%) were 6-12 months old. 102 infants (51%) were male and 98 (49%) were female. 113 (56.5%) infants under study were started weaning at less than 6 months of age of which 58 (51.3%) were found to be underweight for their age and 29 (25.7%) were shorter than the 50 th percentile for their age. Of the87(43.5%) infants that were started weaning at 6 months of age or later, 52 (59.8%) were underweight for their age and 23 (26.4%) were shorter than the 50 th percentile for their age. This study concludes that children in which weaning is started before 6 months of age are less likely to be underweight or shorter than the 50 th percentile of height for their age, and therefore less likely to be malnourished, than infants in whom weaning is started at 6 months of age or later. Novelty Statement | This study not only reflects upon the status of nutrition among infants in the lesser developed districts of Pakistan but also analyzes the pros and cons of adherence to WHO guidelines regarding infant nutrition in this part of the world.
{"title":"Association of Malnutrition with the Weaning Practices among Infants Visiting Pediatric Medicine Department of DHQ Hospital, Chakwal","authors":"S. Parveen, K. Parveen, Muhammad Afzal, Syed Amir Gilani, Muhammad Musadaq","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.203.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.203.206","url":null,"abstract":"| Inappropriate weaning practices in infancy can lead to malnutrition that may have long-lasting impacts on health of the child. The objective of this study was to find out association of malnutrition in infants with the age at which weaning was started. This is an observational, cross-sectional study which was conducted in the Pediatric Medicine Department of DHQ Hospital, Chakwal, Pakistan from January 2020 to February 2020. All infants that presented to the hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 were included in the study after obtaining informed consent from their accompanying parent or guardian. Infants who were premature or had any congenital disease were excluded from the study. Information about the weaning practices of the infants was obtained from the consenting parent or guardian of each respective infant and recorded in the questionnaire. Weight and height of each infant was measured in kilograms and cm, respectively, and recorded. Data was entered in SPSS version 26 and analyzed for results. A total of 200 infants were included in the study, of which 94 (47%) of infants were less than 6 months old, and 106 (53%) were 6-12 months old. 102 infants (51%) were male and 98 (49%) were female. 113 (56.5%) infants under study were started weaning at less than 6 months of age of which 58 (51.3%) were found to be underweight for their age and 29 (25.7%) were shorter than the 50 th percentile for their age. Of the87(43.5%) infants that were started weaning at 6 months of age or later, 52 (59.8%) were underweight for their age and 23 (26.4%) were shorter than the 50 th percentile for their age. This study concludes that children in which weaning is started before 6 months of age are less likely to be underweight or shorter than the 50 th percentile of height for their age, and therefore less likely to be malnourished, than infants in whom weaning is started at 6 months of age or later. Novelty Statement | This study not only reflects upon the status of nutrition among infants in the lesser developed districts of Pakistan but also analyzes the pros and cons of adherence to WHO guidelines regarding infant nutrition in this part of the world.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67577833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.123.127
Majeeda Rasheed, T. Akhtar, N. Mukhtar, M. F. Shahid, M. Imran, S. Yaqub
| Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) caused by PPR virus (PPRV), is a contagious disease of domestic and wild small ruminants. The disease is endemic in developing countries of African and Asian worlds including Pakistan, where several clinical cases in small ruminants (sheep and goat) have been frequently reported. Despite PPRV is endemic in Pakistan, information on disease serosurveillance of prevailing strains in Gilgit-Balitistan (GB) territory is scarce. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of PPRV and to evaluate potential risk factors involved in the transmission of PPR disease in four distinct locations of GB province. We reported occurrence and risk factor analysis of PPR in small ruminants (n=1000) originating from different places in district Gilgit using Hem agglutination Inhibition (HI) test followed by risk analysis through Open-Epi software. Serum samples including goats n=500 and sheep n=500 were collected from different herds situated at Naltar lake, Tattovat, Fairy meadows, Bangle, and Naltar. Overall a comparable prevalence was identified for both goat and sheep (46% vs 44%, P > 0.05). Future studies are necessary to further ascertain the study outcomes and elucidate the molecular epidemiology of prevalent strains in the said geographical locations for better disease control and management interventions. Novelty Statement | It is the first report from Gilgit-Balitistan which ascertain necessary intervention such as vaccination on mass scale, animal movement control etc for disease management in future. Article History Received: January 15, 2019 Revised: July 29, 2019 Accepted: June 02, 2020 Published: June 26, 2020 Authors’ Contributions MR conducted the research. TA supervised this study. NM, MFS MI and SY helped in sample collection and reviewing the article.
{"title":"Sero-prevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminant (PPR) Virus in Sheep and Goat Population of Gilgit Baltistan Province of Pakistan","authors":"Majeeda Rasheed, T. Akhtar, N. Mukhtar, M. F. Shahid, M. Imran, S. Yaqub","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.123.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.1.123.127","url":null,"abstract":"| Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) caused by PPR virus (PPRV), is a contagious disease of domestic and wild small ruminants. The disease is endemic in developing countries of African and Asian worlds including Pakistan, where several clinical cases in small ruminants (sheep and goat) have been frequently reported. Despite PPRV is endemic in Pakistan, information on disease serosurveillance of prevailing strains in Gilgit-Balitistan (GB) territory is scarce. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of PPRV and to evaluate potential risk factors involved in the transmission of PPR disease in four distinct locations of GB province. We reported occurrence and risk factor analysis of PPR in small ruminants (n=1000) originating from different places in district Gilgit using Hem agglutination Inhibition (HI) test followed by risk analysis through Open-Epi software. Serum samples including goats n=500 and sheep n=500 were collected from different herds situated at Naltar lake, Tattovat, Fairy meadows, Bangle, and Naltar. Overall a comparable prevalence was identified for both goat and sheep (46% vs 44%, P > 0.05). Future studies are necessary to further ascertain the study outcomes and elucidate the molecular epidemiology of prevalent strains in the said geographical locations for better disease control and management interventions. Novelty Statement | It is the first report from Gilgit-Balitistan which ascertain necessary intervention such as vaccination on mass scale, animal movement control etc for disease management in future. Article History Received: January 15, 2019 Revised: July 29, 2019 Accepted: June 02, 2020 Published: June 26, 2020 Authors’ Contributions MR conducted the research. TA supervised this study. NM, MFS MI and SY helped in sample collection and reviewing the article.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.255.259
M. Ramzan, U. Naeem-Ullah, Mudssar Ali, H. Riaz
| The biology and morphology of Trilocha varians was studied on Ficus benjamina (L.) under the laboratory conditions. The results on different biological and morphological parameters showed that the fecundity of female ranged from 160 to 281 which increased its survival rate. Trilocha varians has five larval instars. The last instar changed its colour to dark reddish and look like branches of host plants. The male and female mean longevity was 6.0 ± 1.171 and 11.4 ± 1.70 days. Pale reddish brown lines were present on the dorsal side of female forewings. Female forewings were broader than male wings with dark reddish brown thorax, head and abdomen. Adult hind wings were grayish with reddish brown outer margins. The biological and morphological information of Trilocha varians described in current paper will lead to proper management practices during peak reproductive period of insect to avoid pest outbreak. Novelty Statement | Trilocha varians is emerging pest of ornamental plants especially Ficus species that not only planted to increase the aesthetic value of country but also use as fruits and medicine. There is need to control this destructive pest of ornamental plants in Pakistan to min-imize the losses. The biology and morphology informations are very important before adopted any strategy against this pest. For this purposes, the current study was conducted and this is first study on this pest in Pakistan.
{"title":"Biological and Morphological Parameters of Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) in Pakistan","authors":"M. Ramzan, U. Naeem-Ullah, Mudssar Ali, H. Riaz","doi":"10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.255.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pujz/2020.35.2.255.259","url":null,"abstract":"| The biology and morphology of Trilocha varians was studied on Ficus benjamina (L.) under the laboratory conditions. The results on different biological and morphological parameters showed that the fecundity of female ranged from 160 to 281 which increased its survival rate. Trilocha varians has five larval instars. The last instar changed its colour to dark reddish and look like branches of host plants. The male and female mean longevity was 6.0 ± 1.171 and 11.4 ± 1.70 days. Pale reddish brown lines were present on the dorsal side of female forewings. Female forewings were broader than male wings with dark reddish brown thorax, head and abdomen. Adult hind wings were grayish with reddish brown outer margins. The biological and morphological information of Trilocha varians described in current paper will lead to proper management practices during peak reproductive period of insect to avoid pest outbreak. Novelty Statement | Trilocha varians is emerging pest of ornamental plants especially Ficus species that not only planted to increase the aesthetic value of country but also use as fruits and medicine. There is need to control this destructive pest of ornamental plants in Pakistan to min-imize the losses. The biology and morphology informations are very important before adopted any strategy against this pest. For this purposes, the current study was conducted and this is first study on this pest in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67578103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2019.34.1.55.60
Abdur Rauf Nizami
{"title":"Faunal Assemblages of the Middle Jurassic Samana Suk Formation, Chichali Gorge Section, Surghar Range, Sub-Himalayas, Pakistan","authors":"Abdur Rauf Nizami","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2019.34.1.55.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PUJZ/2019.34.1.55.60","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52166,"journal":{"name":"Punjab University Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41399857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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