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Low-Contact Co-Design: Considering more flexible spatiotemporal models for the co-design workshop 低接触协同设计:为协同设计研讨会考虑更灵活的时空模型
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/SDRJ.2021.141.11
A. Davis, I. Gwilt, Niki Wallace, Joe Langley
The recent global experience of COVID-19 has problematized the face-to-face co-design process and forced co-design researchers and practitioners to rethink the process of collaboration that typically takes place in a co-design workshop. This paper considers how we might continue to co-design when physical proximity is not possible. Recognising that technology has long played a role in co-design practice, we argue that to date, the technologically mediated experience of co-design has been largely based on the assumption of replicating the physical and embodied experience of the co-design workshop. Rather than accepting the deficit culture implied through the curtailing of much of the conventional face-to-face activities we associate with co-design, this paper reports on proactive research into novel possibilities for continuing collaborative research work through the concept of ‘low-contact co-design’. A series of proprietary visual models that explore a range of spatiotemporal conditions within which co-design practices can occur are presented. Opportunities for engaging with new communities, and in new processes are highlighted and a spatiotemporal framework for planning co-design processes is presented.
最近新冠肺炎的全球经历使面对面的共同设计过程出现了问题,并迫使共同设计研究人员和从业者重新思考通常在共同设计研讨会上进行的合作过程。本文考虑了当物理接近不可能时,我们如何继续共同设计。认识到技术长期以来在联合设计实践中发挥着作用,我们认为,到目前为止,联合设计的技术中介体验在很大程度上是基于复制联合设计研讨会的物理和具体体验的假设。本文报告了通过“低接触共同设计”的概念,积极研究继续合作研究工作的新可能性,而不是接受通过减少我们与共同设计相关的许多传统面对面活动所隐含的缺陷文化。介绍了一系列专有的视觉模型,这些模型探索了一系列时空条件,在这些条件下可以进行联合设计实践。强调了参与新社区和新流程的机会,并提出了规划共同设计流程的时空框架。
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引用次数: 17
Tactical Acts from Lockdown Homes 封锁之家的战术行动
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.26
Karthikeya S. Acharya, M. Pop
The COVID 19 lockdown brought work home. As design researchers our interest has been in the socio-material changes which the pandemic lockdown, as a top down strategy has brought to the domestic realm. Using an online response gathering tool we undertook an inquiry with 31 different households from around the world. Analyzing this data, we present 7 inter-connected activity categories performed by people as they merged and separated their professional work and domestic living within their homes. From within these categories we note particular activities let people overcome the pressures of merging professional work and domestic living. We see these activities to be tactically emerging from specific characteristics of the domestic realm. Targeting innovation specialists, product designers, architects and service designers we seek the potential for amplifying such tactical characteristics when designing for working from home futures.
COVID - 19的封锁将工作带回家。作为设计研究人员,我们的兴趣一直是大流行封锁给国内领域带来的社会物质变化,作为一种自上而下的战略。我们使用在线回应收集工具对来自世界各地的31个不同家庭进行了调查。通过分析这些数据,我们提出了7个相互关联的活动类别,这些活动是人们在家中将专业工作和家庭生活合并和分离时进行的。在这些类别中,我们注意到一些特殊的活动可以让人们克服职业工作和家庭生活相结合的压力。我们认为,这些活动在战术上是从国内领域的具体特点中产生的。我们以创新专家、产品设计师、建筑师和服务设计师为目标,在为在家工作的未来设计时,寻求放大这些战术特征的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Interiorism as a Means to Go Forward in Designing for the Adaptable City 室内主义在适应性城市设计中的应用
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.31
Alison B. Snyder
In the context of the city, we must—especially today—study the types of spaces cities present as public, free and open.  With a notion of interiorism, the goals are to explain how urban spaces act as interiors, and why it is important to expose the qualities and characters that compose and define them.  The pedagogy mixed with theory and reseach presented in this essay is intended for practitioners and students to gaine new awareness.  We worked through a series of local and global urban interior field work research scenarios, a multi-disciplinary reading list of urbanists, sociologists, designers, practitioners, journalists and other critics’ writings that culminated with Sketch Problem/Charrette exercise focusing on a global urban locale. These designs express an forward thinking positive attitude concerning the pandemic and the global spaces that are to be re-adapted.
在城市的背景下,我们必须——尤其是今天——研究城市呈现的公共、自由和开放的空间类型。通过内部主义的概念,目标是解释城市空间如何作为内部,以及为什么揭示构成和定义它们的品质和特征很重要。本文所提出的理论与研究相结合的教育学,旨在让实践者和学生获得新的认识。我们研究了一系列本地和全球城市内部实地工作研究场景,一份城市学家、社会学家、设计师、从业者、记者和其他评论家作品的多学科阅读清单,最终以关注全球城市环境的草图问题/Charrette练习为高潮。这些设计表达了对疫情和需要重新适应的全球空间的前瞻性思维和积极态度。
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引用次数: 1
Data visualization in the time of coronavirus 冠状病毒时期的数据可视化
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/SDRJ.2021.141.23
Júlia Rabetti Giannella, L. Velho
Currently, we observe a proliferation of data visualizations about Covid-19 in the media, which makes it a convenient time to study the topic from the perspective of different disciplines, including information design and mathematics. If, on the one hand, the abundance of such pandemic representations would already be a legitimate reason to address the issue, on the other hand, it is not the central motivation of the present discussion. The uniqueness of the epidemiological phenomenon that we are experiencing highlights new aspects regarding the production and use of data visualizations, one of which is its diversification beyond counting and visual representation of events related to the virus spread. In this sense, the article discusses, through the analysis of examples, three different approaches for this type of schematic representation, namely: visualization of hypothetical data, visualizations based on secondary data, and visualization for social criticism and self-reflection. Ultimately, we can argue that design contributes to the production of data visualizations that can help people to understand the causes and implications involved in the new coronavirus and encourage civic responsibility through self-care and the practice of social distancing.
目前,我们观察到媒体上大量关于Covid-19的数据可视化,这为从不同学科的角度研究该主题提供了方便,包括信息设计和数学。一方面,如果这种大流行病的大量陈述已经成为处理这一问题的合理理由,另一方面,它就不是目前讨论的中心动机。我们正在经历的流行病学现象的独特性突出了数据可视化制作和使用的新方面,其中之一是其多样化,超出了对与病毒传播有关的事件进行计数和可视化表示的范围。在这个意义上,本文通过实例分析,讨论了这类图式表达的三种不同方式,即:假设数据的可视化、基于二手数据的可视化、社会批判和自我反思的可视化。最终,我们可以说,设计有助于数据可视化的产生,可以帮助人们了解新型冠状病毒的原因和影响,并通过自我保健和保持社会距离的做法鼓励公民责任。
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引用次数: 0
Networks of digital manufacturing of face shields and the Covid-19: design, maker culture and social mobilization 面罩数字化制造网络与新冠肺炎:设计、创客文化和社会动员
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.21
Frederico Braida, Mariane Unanue
This paper addresses the issue of the configuration of a network for the digital fabrication of personal protective equipment to fight the pandemic of COVID-19. The main aim is to highlight how creative and innovative design practices, based on digital fabrication, have contributed to combat the new coronavirus in Brazil, concerning the design, production and distribution of face shields. The paper is the result of both exploratory, descriptive and qualitative research. In addition to documentary data and revisiting design literature, this work sought to understand the network formation modus operandi for digital manufacture of face shields, based on examples carried out in every region of the country. In conclusion, it argued that these social mobilization networks are based on the assumptions of the maker culture and reveal the potential for an open, distributed and resilient design to face this contemporary and future crisis.
本文讨论了为抗击新冠肺炎大流行而进行的个人防护设备数字化制造的网络配置问题。主要目的是强调基于数字制造的创造性和创新性设计实践如何在巴西抗击新型冠状病毒,涉及面罩的设计、生产和分销。本文是探索性、描述性和定性研究的结果。除了文献数据和重新查阅设计文献外,这项工作还试图根据在该国每个地区开展的实例,了解面罩数字化制造的网络形成方式。总之,它认为这些社会动员网络是基于创客文化的假设,并揭示了开放、分布式和弹性设计的潜力,以应对这场当代和未来的危机。
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引用次数: 2
Invisible to Visible: Identifying the Emerging Communication Needs in the ‘New Normal’ through Design Research 从看不见到看不见:通过设计研究识别“新常态”中新兴的沟通需求
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.25
Simge Esin Orhun, Yasemin Yildirim
The pandemic, which started at the end of 2019, has affected societies in their own          socio-cultural contexts and altered the interactions of human beings through their use of personal spaces and objects. Changes in the design of a wide range of objects varying from small tools to urban furniture are anticipated, as the “new normal” will be fully established in the coming months and years. We believe that each individual is recognized to be affected by a different aspect of pandemic, which yielded the fact that for such cases the paradigm for design may shift to favor user needs more than maintaining usability. This study examined the personal behavioral transformations after the acceptance of “new normal” and how these would be reflected on the design of everyday objects, tools or spaces. In order to address this problem, we developed design research method that was based on the tales of utopic cities found in the novel Invisible Cities, by Italo Calvino. In this method, students, who already started living under the requirements of curfew, were guided to turn inwards and relate with their needs that arouse in the pandemic period with one selected city narrative and try to find design solutions based on the metaphorical narration and language used in the selected story. From the analysis of 17 works based on abductive reasoning, we obtained results in two different categories: (i) 5 generic cases supported by user scenarios, (ii) 3 groups of artifacts interacted by analogue means.
这场始于2019年底的疫情在社会文化背景下影响了社会,并通过人类对个人空间和物品的使用改变了人类的互动。随着“新常态”将在未来几个月和几年内完全确立,预计从小工具到城市家具等各种物品的设计都会发生变化。我们认为,每个人都被认为受到了疫情不同方面的影响,这就产生了这样一个事实,即在这种情况下,设计模式可能会转向支持用户需求,而不是保持可用性。这项研究考察了接受“新常态”后的个人行为转变,以及这些转变将如何反映在日常物品、工具或空间的设计中。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一种基于伊塔洛·卡尔维诺小说《看不见的城市》中乌托邦城市故事的设计研究方法。在这种方法中,已经开始在宵禁要求下生活的学生被引导转向内部,用一个选定的城市叙事来表达他们在疫情期间唤起的需求,并试图根据所选故事中使用的隐喻叙事和语言找到设计解决方案。通过对17部基于溯因推理的作品的分析,我们获得了两个不同类别的结果:(i)5个由用户场景支持的一般案例,(ii)3组通过模拟手段交互的工件。
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引用次数: 0
Designing a “New Normality”, Distributed and Sustainable for All 为所有人设计一个分布式和可持续的“新常态”
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.32
C. Vezzoli
The Covid-19 pandemic crisis is increasing poverty and inequalities on a global scale. The UN Secretary-General António Guterres said that “The recovery from the covid-19 crisis must lead to a different economy.  Everything we do during and after this crisis must be with a strong focus on building more equal, inclusive and sustainable economies and societies that are more resilient in the face of pandemics, climate change and the many other global challenges we face.” Sharing this approach, the recovery cannot be a return to the “old normality”: it should lead to a radically better society and economy, a “new normality”.
2019冠状病毒病大流行危机正在全球范围内加剧贫困和不平等。联合国秘书长António古特雷斯表示:“从新冠疫情危机中复苏必须带来不同的经济。我们在这场危机期间和之后所做的一切都必须着重于建设更加平等、包容和可持续的经济和社会,使其在面对流行病、气候变化和我们面临的许多其他全球挑战时更具复原力。”如果采用这种方法,经济复苏就不可能回到“旧常态”:它应该带来一个彻底改善的社会和经济,一种“新常态”。
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引用次数: 0
Re-Start Italy: (post-)Covid19 Lessons for Full Scope Renovation of the Italian Public Space 重新启动意大利:(后)2019冠状病毒病给意大利公共空间全面翻新带来的教训
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.30
Stefania Gruosso
The Covid-19 pandemic has suddenly upset the way we used to live. When eventually lockdown ended, the desire to return to open spaces while respecting social distancing have challenged the role of public space as a space for interaction. In Italy, one of the most affected countries, the piazza as public space par excellence has not remained immune to the issue. This contribution addresses four Italian design experiences that have tried to give an immediate answer to the needs of these precise historical circumstances.  The Covid-19 emergency can become an opportunity for innovation in the project and in the way the piazza can be perceived and experienced. New approaches and processes of regeneration of the piazza lead to reconsider the role of the project and that of the architect. An updated idea of public space as a problem-solver space follows suit, turning the piazza into a space that does not need to project itself into the future, but aims to answer to current needs embracing new core features: temporariness, flexibility, functionality, repeatability and the community’s contribution. The idea of the piazza as a permanent public space is replaced by that of an adaptive public space. Such an open phenomenology is starting to think of the piazza as a space for experiences - a space that, while respecting the Covid-19 logistical constraints, allows people to return, in new ways, to social interactions.
新冠肺炎大流行突然打乱了我们过去的生活方式。当封锁最终结束时,在尊重社交距离的同时重返开放空间的愿望挑战了公共空间作为互动空间的作用。在意大利这个受影响最严重的国家之一,作为卓越公共空间的广场也未能幸免。这篇文章讲述了意大利的四个设计经验,这些经验试图为这些精确的历史环境的需求提供即时的答案。新冠肺炎紧急情况可以成为项目创新的机会,也可以成为广场感知和体验的机会。广场重建的新方法和过程促使人们重新考虑项目和建筑师的角色。公共空间作为解决问题的空间的更新理念紧随其后,将广场变成了一个不需要向未来投射的空间,但旨在满足当前的需求,包括新的核心特征:临时性、灵活性、功能性、可重复性和社区贡献。广场作为永久性公共空间的理念被适应性公共空间的概念所取代。这种开放的现象学开始将广场视为一个体验的空间——一个在尊重新冠肺炎后勤限制的同时,允许人们以新的方式回归社会互动的空间。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking post-Covid-19 school design in Brazil: adaptation strategies for public schools PEE-12 FNDE 重新思考巴西新冠肺炎疫情后的学校设计:公立学校的适应策略
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.28
Sinara Furlani, G. Tibério Cardoso
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease COVID-19, whose causative virus is SARS-CoV-2, a pandemic. An important measure was the closure of schools in several countries to try to reduce the contagion levels, so that students were not exposed to risk, nor their families. The question that arises within this context is: In school architecture, what are the appropriate design methods to deal with challenges during and after a pandemic? In this scope, the article aimed to propose an adaptive design scenario in the post-pandemic moment for a standard school in Brazil. The methodology was built through a literature review and multidisciplinary research, to later present strategies based on the recommendations of competent bodies and studies focused on the school architecture, design patterns for 21st-century schools, technology and security. The focus was on design challenges in the education field in the post-pandemic moment, and on the adaptation of the school built spaces for the return of activities. The results can help the school community and public agencies in making decisions to face this challenge, recreating safer, user-centered schools.
2020年,世界卫生组织(世卫组织)宣布COVID-19(其致病病毒是SARS-CoV-2)进入大流行。一项重要措施是关闭一些国家的学校,以试图降低传染程度,从而使学生及其家人不会面临风险。在这种背景下出现的问题是:在学校建筑中,什么是适当的设计方法来应对流行病期间和之后的挑战?在此范围内,本文旨在为巴西的一所标准学校提出流行病后时刻的适应性设计方案。该方法是通过文献综述和多学科研究建立起来的,随后根据主管机构的建议和关注学校建筑、21世纪学校设计模式、技术和安全的研究提出策略。重点是大流行后教育领域的设计挑战,以及学校建筑空间的适应性,以适应活动的回归。研究结果可以帮助学校社区和公共机构做出应对这一挑战的决定,重建更安全、以用户为中心的学校。
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引用次数: 2
DESIS and Covid-19: It’s Time to Hit the Reset Button DESIS和Covid-19:是时候按下重置按钮了
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.4013/sdrj.2021.141.33
E. Manzini, C. Cipolla
DESIS-Design for Social Innovation and Sustainability is a network of design-led research labs based in universities around the world created to trigger and support social change towards sustainability. The network started in 2009, in the wave of social innovation that characterized that period: innovations emerging mainly from grassroots initiatives aiming to solve, in a collaborative way, problems that people had to face in mature industrial societies. It is not rhetorical to say that the context we were in when we started, seems a century ago. The tragedy of Covid-19 is, in fact, one of those events that force us to push on the reset button. Where, in this case, “resetting” means the need to adjust what we are doing, and how and why we do it, considering what the Covid19 crisis has taught us and could still teach us. The double special issue of SDRJ we are presenting here goes in this direction.
“社会创新与可持续发展设计”是一个以设计为主导的研究实验室网络,位于世界各地的大学,旨在触发和支持朝着可持续发展的社会变革。该网络始于2009年,当时正值社会创新的浪潮:创新主要来自基层,旨在以合作的方式解决成熟工业社会中人们不得不面对的问题。毫不夸张地说,我们开始时所处的环境似乎是一个世纪以前的事情了。事实上,Covid-19的悲剧是迫使我们按下重置按钮的事件之一。在这种情况下,“重置”意味着需要调整我们正在做的事情,以及我们如何以及为什么要这样做,考虑到2019冠状病毒病危机给我们带来的教训和可能给我们带来的教训。我们今天发表的《特别提款权》双特刊就是朝这个方向发展的。
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引用次数: 0
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Strategic Design Research Journal
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