This article discusses how cultural simulations promote teacher candidate cultural competence. The case study uses intercultural communicative competence to examine written reflections and focus group interviews of 21 undergraduate teacher candidates in Hawaiʻi who engaged in cultural simulation visits on the island of Oʻahu. Findings reveal that cultural simulations allowed teacher candidates to develop intercultural competency in knowledge, know-how, and being. Implications include how cultural simulations may promote teacher candidates’ intercultural competence and offer recommendations on how teacher educators may consist of cultural simulations in multicultural teacher education.
{"title":"Intercultural Communicative Competence in Teacher Education: Cultural Simulation Insights from Hawaiʻi","authors":"Jennifer F. M. Padua, M. Smith","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses how cultural simulations promote teacher candidate cultural competence. The case study uses intercultural communicative competence to examine written reflections and focus group interviews of 21 undergraduate teacher candidates in Hawaiʻi who engaged in cultural simulation visits on the island of Oʻahu. Findings reveal that cultural simulations allowed teacher candidates to develop intercultural competency in knowledge, know-how, and being. Implications include how cultural simulations may promote teacher candidates’ intercultural competence and offer recommendations on how teacher educators may consist of cultural simulations in multicultural teacher education.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46190751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chesla Ann Lenkaitis, Shannon M. Hilliker, Kayla Roumeliotis
This study examines the effects of a virtual exchange on twelve teacher candidates of a Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages program. The teacher candidates participated in a 4-week virtual exchange with English as a Foreign Language learners from a university in Mexico. Throughout the exchange, the teacher candidates participated in conversational exchanges and subsequently analyzed and reflected on the errors produced by the English as a Foreign Language students and also the corrective feedback strategies they used during the sessions. The goal of the analysis and reflection activities was to help the teacher candidates develop their ability to identify such errors and apply appropriate corrective feedback strategies. The results indicated the teacher candidates’ ability to identify errors increased throughout the exchange, suggesting changes to their development and perception of corrective feedback. These results add to the growing body of research about the value of using virtual exchanges in teacher preparation programs, a tool that may be particularly relevant during the current coronavirus global crisis.
{"title":"Teacher Candidate Reflection and Development Through Virtual Exchange","authors":"Chesla Ann Lenkaitis, Shannon M. Hilliker, Kayla Roumeliotis","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effects of a virtual exchange on twelve teacher candidates of a Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages program. The teacher candidates participated in a 4-week virtual exchange with English as a Foreign Language learners from a university in Mexico. Throughout the exchange, the teacher candidates participated in conversational exchanges and subsequently analyzed and reflected on the errors produced by the English as a Foreign Language students and also the corrective feedback strategies they used during the sessions. The goal of the analysis and reflection activities was to help the teacher candidates develop their ability to identify such errors and apply appropriate corrective feedback strategies. The results indicated the teacher candidates’ ability to identify errors increased throughout the exchange, suggesting changes to their development and perception of corrective feedback. These results add to the growing body of research about the value of using virtual exchanges in teacher preparation programs, a tool that may be particularly relevant during the current coronavirus global crisis.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49471293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of technology has now become an integral part of higher education in Malaysia because of its positive outcomes in teaching and learning. Despite its use, students are not able to fully benefit from its full potential. This study investigated the use of digital annotation tools in Interactive Reading for Academic Disciplines to facilitate reading of English for Science and Technology materials in a blended course among university students. Data were collected from 12 students enrolled in English for Technical Communication in a public university on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Data collection consisted of online annotations and focus group interviews. Analysis was descriptive and thematic, using SPSS and NVivo software, respectively. Inter-rater reliability analysis was measured using Cohen Kappa reliability analysis that yielded an almost perfect score, proving that the data were reliable. The findings revealed that digital annotation tools facilitated reading comprehension among students in an online reading environment. Annotation analyses revealed consistency in interview data when students were able to paraphrase, extend and synthesize ideas. An implication from this study suggests that training students’ regarding strategies on how to deal with annotation tasks should be mandatory. This is integral for students to achieve comprehension of English for Science and Technology materials in an online environment.
{"title":"Facilitating Online Reading Comprehension in Enhanced Learning Environment Using Digital Annotation Tools","authors":"Ruhil Amal Azmuddin, N. M. Nor, Afendi Hamat","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"The use of technology has now become an integral part of higher education in Malaysia because of its positive outcomes in teaching and learning. Despite its use, students are not able to fully benefit from its full potential. This study investigated the use of digital annotation tools in Interactive Reading for Academic Disciplines to facilitate reading of English for Science and Technology materials in a blended course among university students. Data were collected from 12 students enrolled in English for Technical Communication in a public university on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Data collection consisted of online annotations and focus group interviews. Analysis was descriptive and thematic, using SPSS and NVivo software, respectively. Inter-rater reliability analysis was measured using Cohen Kappa reliability analysis that yielded an almost perfect score, proving that the data were reliable. The findings revealed that digital annotation tools facilitated reading comprehension among students in an online reading environment. Annotation analyses revealed consistency in interview data when students were able to paraphrase, extend and synthesize ideas. An implication from this study suggests that training students’ regarding strategies on how to deal with annotation tasks should be mandatory. This is integral for students to achieve comprehension of English for Science and Technology materials in an online environment.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42967841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massive Open Online Courses have been a recent phenomenon in providing large-scale interactive participation and open access to courses online. Depending upon internet availability and familiarity with digital learning practices, this alternative could provide education for many people. This paper explores whether technology such as massive online open courses can democratize education by providing opportunities and access for those who desire formal learning. This paper reviews literature on massive online open courses as well as the benefits and challenges of these courses in adult education. Using computer-based content analysis, this paper also examines recent research (2010-2019) on massive online open courses and the implications of using them to provide widespread access to higher education in Asia. The findings show that offerings in many Asian countries help promote social and economic mobility for their people by providing continuing educational, professional, and personal development through courses online. Yet barriers involving digital literacy, technical capabilities, and language as well as culture, prevent the underserved from pursuing this digital education. This paper provides future research suggestions for collaboration of educational organizations to use massive online open courses in engaging life-long skills for people in Asia.
{"title":"Democratization of Education through Massive Open Online Courses in Asia","authors":"R. P. Barger","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Massive Open Online Courses have been a recent phenomenon in providing large-scale interactive participation and open access to courses online. Depending upon internet availability and familiarity with digital learning practices, this alternative could provide education for many people. This paper explores whether technology such as massive online open courses can democratize education by providing opportunities and access for those who desire formal learning. This paper reviews literature on massive online open courses as well as the benefits and challenges of these courses in adult education. Using computer-based content analysis, this paper also examines recent research (2010-2019) on massive online open courses and the implications of using them to provide widespread access to higher education in Asia. The findings show that offerings in many Asian countries help promote social and economic mobility for their people by providing continuing educational, professional, and personal development through courses online. Yet barriers involving digital literacy, technical capabilities, and language as well as culture, prevent the underserved from pursuing this digital education. This paper provides future research suggestions for collaboration of educational organizations to use massive online open courses in engaging life-long skills for people in Asia.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49099031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A learning management system is capable of enriching instruction and acceptance of this learning technology by users is crucial to its successful application in higher education. This study investigated factors that influenced adoption of a learning management system by higher education teachers using the technology acceptance model which incorporates three external constructs: system quality, perceived self-efficacy and facilitating conditions. Data collected from faculty respondents (n=127) through an online survey were examined by employing partial least squares-structural equation modeling. While several relationships were confirmed, others were not supported by this research. Results showed that both system quality and perceived self-efficacy strongly influenced perceived usefulness, which in turn indirectly affected attitudes towards the technology and behavioral intention. Additionally, system quality directly affected perceived ease of use and attitudes toward technology use. The strong and direct influence of perceived self-efficacy on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use suggests that faculty with positive beliefs about their ability to use the learning management system will regard it as both useful and easy to use. Facilitating conditions, on the other hand, affected neither perceived ease of use nor attitudes. Implications for practice, policy and potential research directions are likewise presented.
{"title":"Learning Management System Adoption in Higher Education Using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model","authors":"Marissa R. Fearnley, Johnny Amora","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"A learning management system is capable of enriching instruction and acceptance of this learning technology by users is crucial to its successful application in higher education. This study investigated factors that influenced adoption of a learning management system by higher education teachers using the technology acceptance model which incorporates three external constructs: system quality, perceived self-efficacy and facilitating conditions. Data collected from faculty respondents (n=127) through an online survey were examined by employing partial least squares-structural equation modeling. While several relationships were confirmed, others were not supported by this research. Results showed that both system quality and perceived self-efficacy strongly influenced perceived usefulness, which in turn indirectly affected attitudes towards the technology and behavioral intention. Additionally, system quality directly affected perceived ease of use and attitudes toward technology use. The strong and direct influence of perceived self-efficacy on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use suggests that faculty with positive beliefs about their ability to use the learning management system will regard it as both useful and easy to use. Facilitating conditions, on the other hand, affected neither perceived ease of use nor attitudes. Implications for practice, policy and potential research directions are likewise presented.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43789683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Through a collaborative effort between an instructional design team and the Biology Department at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, the OpenStax Biology 2e open, online textbook was modified with new features to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. This study investigated students’ perceptions of the customized textbook. A survey of 22 questions was completed by 446 students using the textbook as a part of an introductory Biology course. Changes made to the textbook were well received by the majority of students and suggestions were made for improvements. Current and future revisions to the textbook are discussed.
{"title":"Beyond the Basics: Adapting an Open Textbook to Accommodate a Flipped Class","authors":"Ariana Eichelberger, Hong T. P. Ngo","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Through a collaborative effort between an instructional design team and the Biology Department at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, the OpenStax Biology 2e open, online textbook was modified with new features to improve student engagement and learning outcomes. This study investigated students’ perceptions of the customized textbook. A survey of 22 questions was completed by 446 students using the textbook as a part of an introductory Biology course. Changes made to the textbook were well received by the majority of students and suggestions were made for improvements. Current and future revisions to the textbook are discussed.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49061914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kolodziejczyk, P. Gibbs, C. Nembou, Maria Rodina Sagrista
The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of digital skills within a group of university students in Papua New Guinea and their ability to meaningfully engage within the digital world. The study also aimed to explore whether the traditionally recognized digital divide continues between genders and place of origin, and between years of study and faculties. This study utilizes the framework defined by Van Deursen and Van Dijk who identify operational, formal, information and strategic skills. The study measured the internet skills of students by asking 289 participants to complete sixteen assignments on the internet. The results indicate that, on average, the tasks were completed as follows: 38% of operational skills, 13% of formal internet skills, 30% of information skills and 28% of strategic internet skills. Age and gender were not significant; however, performances were significantly different for students from the capital city as compared to those coming from a rural town or village environment, and performance improved as students moved through the four years of university training. Differences in groups from specific faculties are significant but require further study to explain. If operational and formal skills are a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for performance of higher-level information and strategic skills, then tertiary institutions, particularly those facing the effects of the digital divide, will need to ensure that those necessary skills are provided for. Having ensured digital competency at that level, further efforts can be made to develop information and strategic skills to ensure a meaningful and creative use of digital technologies.
{"title":"Digital Skills at Divine Word University, Papua New Guinea","authors":"I. Kolodziejczyk, P. Gibbs, C. Nembou, Maria Rodina Sagrista","doi":"10.22492/ije.8.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of digital skills within a group of university students in Papua New Guinea and their ability to meaningfully engage within the digital world. The study also aimed to explore whether the traditionally recognized digital divide continues between genders and place of origin, and between years of study and faculties. This study utilizes the framework defined by Van Deursen and Van Dijk who identify operational, formal, information and strategic skills. The study measured the internet skills of students by asking 289 participants to complete sixteen assignments on the internet. The results indicate that, on average, the tasks were completed as follows: 38% of operational skills, 13% of formal internet skills, 30% of information skills and 28% of strategic internet skills. Age and gender were not significant; however, performances were significantly different for students from the capital city as compared to those coming from a rural town or village environment, and performance improved as students moved through the four years of university training. Differences in groups from specific faculties are significant but require further study to explain. If operational and formal skills are a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for performance of higher-level information and strategic skills, then tertiary institutions, particularly those facing the effects of the digital divide, will need to ensure that those necessary skills are provided for. Having ensured digital competency at that level, further efforts can be made to develop information and strategic skills to ensure a meaningful and creative use of digital technologies.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43961290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. E. Casey, R. Lin, Selina V. Mireles, R. Goonatilake
The goal of the College of Arts & Sciences Community-aid (CASC-aid) project, a National Science Foundation grant funded study (2016-2021), is to develop, implement, and evaluate a program that fosters a community of academic success for Hispanic STEM students. This Hispanic Serving Institute continues to provide a variety of supports to safeguard success for Hispanic CASC-aid scholars through effective communication. Along with scholarships, Project CASC-aid delivers mentoring and intervention strategies related to non-cognitive behavioral practices to ensure scholars are motivated and empowered, and to support the postsecondary educational success of Hispanic students (Blackwell, Trzesniewski, & Dweck, 2007). Embedded within the research is a Formative Experiment (Reinking & Bradley, 2008), which allowed researchers to gather data on one facet of the project. CASC-aid scholars responded to surveys after Student Success Workshops held across the 2017-2019 academic years. Analysis of results demonstrated that workshops were effective in supporting students’ long-term goals, career major decisions, and overall knowledge of a wider STEM field.
{"title":"The Effects of Student Success Workshops on Undergraduate Hispanic STEM Students on the U.S.-Mexico Border","authors":"J. E. Casey, R. Lin, Selina V. Mireles, R. Goonatilake","doi":"10.22492/IJE.7.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/IJE.7.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the College of Arts & Sciences Community-aid (CASC-aid) project, a National Science Foundation grant funded study (2016-2021), is to develop, implement, and evaluate a program that fosters a community of academic success for Hispanic STEM students. This Hispanic Serving Institute continues to provide a variety of supports to safeguard success for Hispanic CASC-aid scholars through effective communication. Along with scholarships, Project CASC-aid delivers mentoring and intervention strategies related to non-cognitive behavioral practices to ensure scholars are motivated and empowered, and to support the postsecondary educational success of Hispanic students (Blackwell, Trzesniewski, & Dweck, 2007). Embedded within the research is a Formative Experiment (Reinking & Bradley, 2008), which allowed researchers to gather data on one facet of the project. CASC-aid scholars responded to surveys after Student Success Workshops held across the 2017-2019 academic years. Analysis of results demonstrated that workshops were effective in supporting students’ long-term goals, career major decisions, and overall knowledge of a wider STEM field.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44266190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elementary school teachers are commonly known to have low self-efficacy in mathematics and science. Previously conducted research on science teaching self-efficacy and content knowledge has often focused on whether methods courses, professional development or other interventions improve both self-efficacy and content knowledge among elementary teachers. This study investigated whether teachers’ knowledge of science content influenced their levels of self-efficacy, and compared teachers’ who were in a STEM education graduate degree program to teachers and students in a regular elementary teaching program. The participants of this study were 82 in-service and 27 pre-service elementary teachers in affiliation with a large northeastern university. The participants completed a science selfefficacy survey (STEBI-B) and a science content knowledge survey called the Science Beliefs Tests. The results of this study found that pre-service teachers had a higher selfefficacy score in comparison to in-service teachers. Most participants were able to answer a little more than half of the Science Beliefs questions correctly. Additionally, there was a negative relationship between one’s belief that they could teach science effectively and their Science Beliefs score, meaning that the more science self-efficacy they possessed, the lower their science knowledge. It is important that teachers become aware of their lack of content knowledge in order to remedy the insufficiency, and to avoid passing along misconceptions to their students. If teachers believe that they have high self-efficacy, they may not be aware that they must continually improve their science content knowledge. Accordingly, teachers can benefit from continued education in topic areas where they scored the lowest.
{"title":"Exploring the Relationship between Science Content Knowledge and Science Teaching Self-Efficacy among Elementary Teachers","authors":"Amy Amy Catalano, Lauren Asselta, Alana Durkin","doi":"10.22492/IJE.7.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/IJE.7.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Elementary school teachers are commonly known to have low self-efficacy in mathematics and science. Previously conducted research on science teaching self-efficacy and content knowledge has often focused on whether methods courses, professional development or other interventions improve both self-efficacy and content knowledge among elementary teachers. This study investigated whether teachers’ knowledge of science content influenced their levels of self-efficacy, and compared teachers’ who were in a STEM education graduate degree program to teachers and students in a regular elementary teaching program. The participants of this study were 82 in-service and 27 pre-service elementary teachers in affiliation with a large northeastern university. The participants completed a science selfefficacy survey (STEBI-B) and a science content knowledge survey called the Science Beliefs Tests. The results of this study found that pre-service teachers had a higher selfefficacy score in comparison to in-service teachers. Most participants were able to answer a little more than half of the Science Beliefs questions correctly. Additionally, there was a negative relationship between one’s belief that they could teach science effectively and their Science Beliefs score, meaning that the more science self-efficacy they possessed, the lower their science knowledge. It is important that teachers become aware of their lack of content knowledge in order to remedy the insufficiency, and to avoid passing along misconceptions to their students. If teachers believe that they have high self-efficacy, they may not be aware that they must continually improve their science content knowledge. Accordingly, teachers can benefit from continued education in topic areas where they scored the lowest.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47593210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the primary goals of education is to ensure that learners can apply their acquired knowledge in various ways and under different circumstances. However, this expected “transfer” does not always occur and, therefore, the acquired knowledge cannot be flexibly employed in different contexts. One way to minimize this problem is to understand how transfer occurs and what learning conditions can improve this process. This review paper provides major theoretical perspectives and pedagogical practices to explore the most effective ways to optimize knowledge acquisition and transfer. The results of the comparison of the selected theories indicated that transfer was a multi-dimensional process that could occur at any stage of learning and could be enhanced through coaching, scaffolding, interacting, assessing and reflecting in situated learning environments.
{"title":"Transfer of Learning and Teaching: A Review of Transfer Theories and Effective Instructional Practices","authors":"Shiva Hajian","doi":"10.22492/IJE.7.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22492/IJE.7.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"One of the primary goals of education is to ensure that learners can apply their acquired knowledge in various ways and under different circumstances. However, this expected “transfer” does not always occur and, therefore, the acquired knowledge cannot be flexibly employed in different contexts. One way to minimize this problem is to understand how transfer occurs and what learning conditions can improve this process. This review paper provides major theoretical perspectives and pedagogical practices to explore the most effective ways to optimize knowledge acquisition and transfer. The results of the comparison of the selected theories indicated that transfer was a multi-dimensional process that could occur at any stage of learning and could be enhanced through coaching, scaffolding, interacting, assessing and reflecting in situated learning environments.","PeriodicalId":52248,"journal":{"name":"IAFOR Journal of Education","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42349578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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