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Neurophysiological features in patients with migraine at risk for epilepsy 偏头痛患者癫痫风险的神经生理特征
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.064
N. D. Sorokina, A. V. Tsagashek, S. Pertsov, G. V. Selitsky, A. S. Zherdeva
Objective: to study the electrophysiological parameters of brain bioelectric activity and features of the autonomous nervous system assessing heart rate variability, sympathetic skin response, clinical and physiological tests depending on the lateralization of migraine pain syndrome in the right or left brain hemisphere in patients with epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) signs and migraine.Material and methods. Thirty six patients with aura-free episodic migraine at risk of developing epilepsy and 9 age-matched healthy subjects were examined. All participants underwent EEG, clinical and physiological tests, assessment of heart rate variability and sympathetic skin response.Results. Patients with right-hemisphere migraine headache had signs of activated sympathetic nervous system at baseline level and during exercise, lower baseline EEG epileptiform activity and in provocative tests. In contrast to the subjects of this group, patients of other group featured with a more stable migraine pain syndrome in the left hemisphere tended to dominate with functional activity of the parasympathetic system such as increased trophotropic support during exercise, as well as greater magnitude of baseline epileptiform bioelectric activity and during load tests.Conclusion. Values of heart rate variability in combination with objective results of clinical and physiological assessment of the autonomous nervous system and electrophysiological parameters of brain bioelectric activity are reliable prognostic indicators for varying functional conditions in patients with episodic migraine.
目的:研究癫痫性脑电图(EEG)体征和偏头痛患者左右脑偏侧偏头痛综合征的脑生物电活动电生理参数和自主神经系统特征,评估心率变异性、交感皮肤反应、临床和生理指标。材料和方法。对36例有发展为癫痫风险的无先兆发作性偏头痛患者和9名年龄匹配的健康受试者进行了检查。所有参与者都接受了脑电图、临床和生理测试、心率变异性评估和交感皮肤反应。右半球偏头痛患者有交感神经系统激活的迹象,在基线水平和运动期间,较低的基线脑电图癫痫样活动和刺激试验。与本组患者相比,另一组患者的左半球偏头痛综合征更为稳定,副交感神经系统的功能活动占优势,如运动时营养支持增加,基线癫痫样生物电活动和负荷测试时更大。心率变异性值结合自主神经系统临床和生理评估的客观结果以及脑生物电活动的电生理参数是发作性偏头痛患者不同功能状况的可靠预后指标。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness, safety and assessing the results of drug therapy in patients with epilepsy 癫痫患者药物治疗的有效性、安全性及疗效评估
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.093
A. Editorial
On June 26, 2021, a meeting of the experts of the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) was held, dedicated to the effectiveness, safety and assessing the results of drug therapy in patients with epilepsy. Having considered the history of the issue and guided by domestic and foreign experience, the participants discussed the problems associated with the use of various antiepileptic drugs for different forms of epilepsy in patients of different sex and age. Special attention was paid to psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy, increasing their compliance with treatment and quality of life. The article presents the Resolution of RLAE experts meeting adopted as a result of the discussion.
2021年6月26日,俄罗斯抗癫痫联盟(RLAE)召开了一次专家会议,专门讨论癫痫患者药物治疗的有效性、安全性和评估结果。与会人员结合问题的历史,结合国内外经验,对不同性别、年龄、不同类型癫痫患者使用各种抗癫痫药物的相关问题进行了探讨。特别关注癫痫患者的精神合并症,提高他们对治疗的依从性和生活质量。文章介绍了讨论通过的《RLAE专家会议决议》。
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引用次数: 4
Neuroimaging predictors of structural epilepsy in the COVID-19 catamnesis COVID-19突变中结构性癫痫的神经影像学预测因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.092
N. E. Maslov, N. V. Yuryeva, E. I. Khamtsova, A. A. Litvinova
Respiratory system pathology is the most common clinical disorder associated with COVID-19. However, there are also lesions of the immune, cardiovascular, genitourinary, endocrine systems, and digestive tract. In addition, there are numerous reports on infection-related neurological manifestations, which can be divided into 3 groups: central nervous system manifestations (headache and dizziness, stroke, encephalopathy, encephalitis, acute myelitis), lesions of the peripheral nervous system (anosmia, Guillain–Barre syndrome), secondary lesions in the skeletal muscles. Brain damage that occurs during novel coronavirus infection and determines some of the above-mentioned manifestations often account for the development of structural epilepsies. Only a few scarce review articles on neuroimaging features in patients with COVID-19 have been found in Russian research publications.The objective of the review was to collect, analyze and summarize the results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), currently accumulated worldwide in patients with COVID-19. We present the most common diagnoses based on brain MRI in patients with COVID-19 established by foreign researchers from March 2020 to March 2021, as well as initial attempts to interpret the pathophysiological mechanisms of the changes observed in the brain substance.
呼吸系统病理是与COVID-19相关的最常见的临床疾病。然而,也有免疫、心血管、泌尿生殖系统、内分泌系统和消化道的病变。此外,关于感染相关的神经系统表现也有大量报道,可分为3组:中枢神经系统表现(头痛头晕、中风、脑病、脑炎、急性脊髓炎)、周围神经系统病变(嗅觉丧失、格林-巴利综合征)、骨骼肌继发病变。在新型冠状病毒感染期间发生的脑损伤决定了上述一些表现,通常是导致结构性癫痫的原因。在俄罗斯的研究出版物中,只发现了几篇关于COVID-19患者神经影像学特征的稀缺评论文章。该综述的目的是收集、分析和总结目前在全球积累的COVID-19患者的脑磁共振成像(MRI)结果。我们报告了国外研究人员在2020年3月至2021年3月期间建立的COVID-19患者中基于脑MRI的最常见诊断,并初步尝试解释脑物质变化的病理生理机制。
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引用次数: 0
Igor Dmitrievich Stulin 伊戈尔·德米特里耶维奇·斯图林
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.104
A. Editorial
.
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引用次数: 0
Regulatory restrictions on the use of valproate in girls and women of childbearing potential: status update 对有生育潜力的女孩和妇女使用丙戊酸盐的管制限制:最新情况
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.101
D. Blinov, E. Akarachkova, V. I. Tsibizova, D. Korabelnikov, N. Pavlova, I. V. Kukes, D. Petrenko
In 2019, some restrictions for use of valproic acid in women with reproductive potential by regulatory authorities and the original drug manufacturer based on the results of studies in real clinical practice were introduced. During 2019–2021, there were a further clinical data accumulation and labeling changes. The review presents a critical analysis of the changes in prescribing information and product label. There is a long lead time from the moment when safety data become known to the moment when changes are made to the medicinal product label and patient brochures. Some of the changes, including the need for high doses of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, are debatable. Repealing the provision for mandatory archiving of informed consent forms for valproic acid use in girls and women raises legal risks. Improvements in pregnancy prevention programs and further research on the safety of valproic acid in real-world clinical settings are needed.
2019年,监管部门和原药制造商根据实际临床实践的研究结果,对有生殖潜力的女性使用丙戊酸的一些限制进行了介绍。在2019-2021年期间,有进一步的临床数据积累和标签变化。这篇综述对处方信息和产品标签的变化进行了批判性分析。从知道安全数据的那一刻起,到对药品标签和患者手册进行更改的那一刻,需要很长时间。一些改变,包括需要高剂量的叶酸来防止神经管缺陷,是有争议的。废除强制存档女童和妇女使用丙戊酸知情同意书的规定会增加法律风险。需要改进妊娠预防方案,并进一步研究丙戊酸在实际临床环境中的安全性。
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引用次数: 2
Mental development of children from paired mothers with epilepsy: assessing remote teratogenic effects and predictors of developmental disorders 癫痫配对母亲所生儿童的智力发展:评估远程致畸效应和发育障碍的预测因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.097
N. Mikhailova, A. S. Krasko, G. Odintsova, I. Larina, V. Mikhailov
Objective: to study teratogenic effect – the long-term pregnant mother-taken antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) related consequences on paired child mental, social and intellectual development.Material and methods. There were enrolled 80 subjects: 40 children aged 3–9 years and paired mothers suffering from epilepsy for 3 to 35 years. Thirteen and 27 patients had generalized and focal epilepsy, respectively. Seven mothers were in prolonged remission without taking AEDs, 23 were on monotherapy and 10 were on polytherapy. Child research methods: T. Achenbach's clinical CBCL (The Child Behavior Checklist) scales (for children aged under 5 and 6–18 years), a questionnaire for detecting attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other behavioral disorders modified by N.N. Zavadenko, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), Luria batteries of neuropsychological tests adapted by J.M. Glozman (for children aged 3–6 and 7–12 years).Results. Neuropsychological study and assessment of intelligence revealed problems in the development of praxis, speech, gnostic functions and memory, as well as disproportion in the development of verbal and non-verbal structures of intelligence. The most common behavioral disorders in children were impulsivity, distraction, difficulties in controlling and organizing movements. The most affected spheres were praxis (motor awkwardness, fine motor disorders of the hands) and speech.Conclusion. The proposed hypothesis that the teratogenic effect of taking AEDs may result in unevenness or delay in developing mental functions in a child was confirmed.
目的:探讨孕妇长期服用抗癫痫药物的致畸效应对配对儿心理、社会和智力发育的影响。材料和方法。共招募了80名受试者:40名3 - 9岁的儿童和一对患有癫痫3 - 35年的母亲。13例为全身性癫痫,27例为局灶性癫痫。7名母亲在不服用抗癫痫药物的情况下长期缓解,23名接受单一治疗,10名接受综合治疗。儿童研究方法:T. Achenbach(儿童行为检查表)临床CBCL(儿童行为检查表)量表(适用于5岁以下儿童和6-18岁儿童),N.N. Zavadenko修订的注意缺陷多动障碍和其他行为障碍检测问卷,韦氏儿童智力量表(WISC), J.M. Glozman(适用于3-6岁和7-12岁儿童)改编的Luria系列神经心理测试。智力的神经心理学研究和评估揭示了在实践、言语、灵知功能和记忆的发展中存在的问题,以及智力的语言和非语言结构发展的不平衡。儿童最常见的行为障碍是冲动、注意力分散、难以控制和组织运动。影响最大的领域是实践(运动尴尬、手部精细运动障碍)和言语。提出的假设,即服用抗癫痫药物的致畸作用可能导致儿童智力功能发育不均匀或延迟。
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引用次数: 0
Breach-rhythm Breach-rhythm
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/epi.par.con.2021.055
M. Mironov, S. Burd, N. V. Kukina, Y. Rubleva, O. Kordonskaya, I. V. Senko, A. V. Yurchenko, M. A. Bogomazova, R. Tairova, Kh. A. Dzhabrailova
Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the main non-invasive methods for examining brain activity. Cranial defects caused by trauma or surgery can lead to artifacts on the EEG such as breach-rhythm. In this article we provide a literature-based definition, pathophysiological features of the breach-rhythm, differential diagnosis between breachrhythm and epileptiform activity, as well as our own clinical case of a patient with epilepsy and breach-rhythm.
脑电图(EEG)是检测大脑活动的主要非侵入性方法之一。由外伤或手术引起的颅骨缺损可导致脑电图上的伪影,如心律不齐。在这篇文章中,我们提供了一个基于文献的定义,违背心律的病理生理特征,违背心律和癫痫样活动的鉴别诊断,以及我们自己的癫痫和违背心律患者的临床病例。
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引用次数: 0
Pharmacological predictors of heart rate and conductivity disorders in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy 青少年肌阵挛性癫痫患者心率和电导率障碍的药理学预测因素
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/EPI.PAR.CON.2021.051
N. Shnayder, Marina M. Petrova, K. V. Petrov, R. Nasyrova
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is the most common form of genetic generalized epilepsy. Patients with JME are at risk of life-threatening heart rhythm and conduction disorders as well as sudden death syndrome due to several potential mechanisms: genetic, clinical, neuroanatomical, pharmacological, psychological, comorbid. This lecture reviews important elements of knowledge about the pharmacological predictors of cerebral-cardiac syndrome and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. The arrhythmogenic potential of antiepileptic drugs most often used in JME (valproic acid, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, topiramate and zonisamide) is considered, none of which can be classified as class A (drug without risk of QT interval prolongation or TdP) regarding a risk of QT interval prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with JME require dynamic video-electroencephalographic monitoring and 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring to reduce a risk of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
青少年肌阵挛性癫痫(JME)是遗传性全身性癫痫最常见的形式。由于遗传、临床、神经解剖、药理学、心理、共病等多种潜在机制,JME患者有发生危及生命的心律和传导障碍以及猝死综合征的风险。本讲座回顾了脑心综合征和癫痫猝死的药理学预测因素的重要知识。考虑到JME中最常用的抗癫痫药物(丙戊酸、左乙拉西坦、拉莫三嗪、托吡酯和唑尼沙胺)的致心律失常潜力,就QT间期延长和心律失常的风险而言,这些药物都不能被归类为A类(无QT间期延长或TdP风险的药物)。JME患者需要动态视频脑电图监测和24小时心电图监测,以降低危及生命的心律失常的风险。
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引用次数: 3
Perampanel in the additional therapy of focal and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in children 4–12 years old: clinical data, experience of use and practical recommendations Perampanel在4-12岁儿童局灶性和原发性全身性强直阵挛性癫痫的附加治疗中的应用:临床数据、使用经验和实用建议
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/EPI.PAR.CON.2021.087
K. Mukhin, E. Belousova, S. Burd, M. V. Barkhatov, N. A. Ermolenko, S. Zyryanov, E. Karpovich, E. Morozova, G. Odintsova
On March 18, 2021, an online council of experts in the field of epilepsy treatment was held, dedicated to the use of perampanel in the additional therapy of focal seizures (FS) and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (PGTCS) in children 4–12 years old. During the event, the features of the use of perampanel in this group of patients were discussed, considering the specifics of everyday clinical practice, current possibilities of PGTCS and FS therapy in children, its goals, as well as unsolved problems in the treatment of pediatric patients with PGTCS and FS. Particular attention was paid to the role of perampanel in the treatment of PGTCS and FS in children and its effectiveness in specific types of focal seizures.
2021年3月18日,癫痫治疗领域的在线专家委员会召开,专门讨论perampanel在4-12岁儿童局灶性癫痫发作(FS)和原发性全面性强直-阵挛性癫痫发作(PGTCS)的附加治疗中的应用。在活动中,结合日常临床实践的具体情况,目前儿童PGTCS和FS治疗的可能性,其目标,以及儿科PGTCS和FS患者治疗中尚未解决的问题,讨论了perampanel在该组患者中的应用特点。特别注意到perampanel在治疗儿童PGTCS和FS中的作用及其在特定类型的局灶性癫痫发作中的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Compliance in epileptology. How to change the situation for better 癫痫学的依从性。如何让这种情况变得更好
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.17749/2077-8333/EPI.PAR.CON.2021.059
N. Maslova, A. A. Litvinova, N. V. Yuryeva, P. S. Kovalev
The problem of low adherence to therapy in patients with epilepsy is one of the most pressing public health problems. Failure to follow the doctor's instructions leads to an increased risk of hospitalization and sudden death. Knowing the main predictors of non-compliance, the doctor is able to develop appropriate strategies to increase adherence. There are methods of improving compliance that should be actively implemented in the clinical practice of epileptologists. The article presents a review of the literature on this problem, clinical examples from the authors' practice are given.
癫痫患者治疗依从性低的问题是最紧迫的公共卫生问题之一。不遵守医生的指示会增加住院和猝死的风险。了解不遵医嘱的主要预测因素,医生就能够制定适当的策略来增加遵医嘱。有提高依从性的方法,应在癫痫医生的临床实践中积极实施。本文综述了有关这一问题的文献,并给出了作者实践中的临床实例。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions
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