Muyiwa Oladosun, T. George, Anthony C. Onwumah, A. Olawole-Isaac, D. Adekoya
Background: Northwestern region of Nigeria has among the lowest modern contraceptive use, and the highest fertility rate in the country, whereas there are little or no disaggregated information at the rural-urban level to shed light on the reasons for low use. Method: We analysed the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The relationships between modern contraceptive use and predictors were examined using Chi-square and logistics regression. Findings: Findings showed that common determinants of modern contraceptive use among rural and urban respondents were, state of residence, religion, and fertility preference. Determinants unique to rural respondents were; education, wealth status, number of siblings of respondents, and household had cable TV, and for urban respondents, unique determinants were, birth order of respondents, husband/partner’s education, household had radio, and mobile phone. Conclusion: Policy and program interventions need to use these additional insights to increase uptake of modern contraceptive use in the region.
{"title":"Modern contraceptive use in Northwestern Region of Nigeria: Rural-Urban segmentation analysis","authors":"Muyiwa Oladosun, T. George, Anthony C. Onwumah, A. Olawole-Isaac, D. Adekoya","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1431","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Northwestern region of Nigeria has among the lowest modern contraceptive use, and the highest fertility rate in the country, whereas there are little or no disaggregated information at the rural-urban level to shed light on the reasons for low use. Method: We analysed the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The relationships between modern contraceptive use and predictors were examined using Chi-square and logistics regression. Findings: Findings showed that common determinants of modern contraceptive use among rural and urban respondents were, state of residence, religion, and fertility preference. Determinants unique to rural respondents were; education, wealth status, number of siblings of respondents, and household had cable TV, and for urban respondents, unique determinants were, birth order of respondents, husband/partner’s education, household had radio, and mobile phone. Conclusion: Policy and program interventions need to use these additional insights to increase uptake of modern contraceptive use in the region.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49145623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. R. Ukwueze, Oliver E. Ogbonna, O. Nwodo, Chinasa E. Urama
Background: Economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa has consistently remained the least when compared to any other region in the world. Countries in the region have received a lot of grants in form of aids to boost their capital accumulation; yet there is slow growth in most parts of the region. Many countries have implemented the World Bank and IMF suggested policies; and majority of the countries have adopted democratic political system. Yet growth in the region has remained very low. It then becomes pertinent to identify the causes of the low economic growth pattern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The objective of this study, therefore, is to determine the impact of social infrastructure on economic growth of sub-Saharan Africa. Data and methods : The data for this study were 2001-2017 time-series data sourced from World Governance Indicators (WGI) and World Development Indicators (WDI). The standard panel data of fixed effect (FE) and random effect (RE) were employed in the analysis of the data, while Hausman test results guided the final choice of fixed effect estimation. Findings: The results show that corruption is statistically and significantly affecting economic growth of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This means that control of corruption will help boost the economies in the region as low corruption is a prerequisite for economic recovery and sustainable development. Besides, trade openness, labour supply, and general government consumption significantly affect economic growth in SSA. Conclusion: SSA countries should control corruption as well as open their economies so as to reap the positive effects of economy of scale derived from diversification.
{"title":"The Impact of social infrastructures on economic growth of Sub-Saharan Africa: implications for sustainable economic growth","authors":"E. R. Ukwueze, Oliver E. Ogbonna, O. Nwodo, Chinasa E. Urama","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1418","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa has consistently remained the least when compared to any other region in the world. Countries in the region have received a lot of grants in form of aids to boost their capital accumulation; yet there is slow growth in most parts of the region. Many countries have implemented the World Bank and IMF suggested policies; and majority of the countries have adopted democratic political system. Yet growth in the region has remained very low. It then becomes pertinent to identify the causes of the low economic growth pattern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The objective of this study, therefore, is to determine the impact of social infrastructure on economic growth of sub-Saharan Africa. Data and methods : The data for this study were 2001-2017 time-series data sourced from World Governance Indicators (WGI) and World Development Indicators (WDI). The standard panel data of fixed effect (FE) and random effect (RE) were employed in the analysis of the data, while Hausman test results guided the final choice of fixed effect estimation. Findings: The results show that corruption is statistically and significantly affecting economic growth of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This means that control of corruption will help boost the economies in the region as low corruption is a prerequisite for economic recovery and sustainable development. Besides, trade openness, labour supply, and general government consumption significantly affect economic growth in SSA. Conclusion: SSA countries should control corruption as well as open their economies so as to reap the positive effects of economy of scale derived from diversification.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43018691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bonavenutre N. Nwokeoma, Nnabuike O. Osadebe, Kingsley C. Amadi, N. H. Ugwu
Background: Human trafficking is a global crime which negates the African union agenda 2063 and the aspirations of the Africa we want. Nigeria is notorious as home for most victims of human trafficking. However, few studies exist on the push factors that drive the practice in the area, especially when such knowledge could be very critical in the quest for solutions to this global problem. Data and methods : The study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. Structured questionnaire was given to 300 victims and 25 in-depth interviews from the cohort; 60 opinion leaders, key informants were interviewed and focus group discussions conducted. Findings: Push factors like inheritance rites, serial polygyny/polyandry, belief in witchcraft and weak family support systems were identified as drivers of human trafficking while the abysmal conditions of poverty created vulnerabilities. Conclusion: Inheritance rights should include women and children; conditions of poverty improved and cultural practices that promote vulnerability of women and children discouraged.
{"title":"Interrogating the nature and push factors of human trafficking in Benin-city, Edo State Nigeria in the context of the Africa we want","authors":"Bonavenutre N. Nwokeoma, Nnabuike O. Osadebe, Kingsley C. Amadi, N. H. Ugwu","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1416","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human trafficking is a global crime which negates the African union agenda 2063 and the aspirations of the Africa we want. Nigeria is notorious as home for most victims of human trafficking. However, few studies exist on the push factors that drive the practice in the area, especially when such knowledge could be very critical in the quest for solutions to this global problem. Data and methods : The study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. Structured questionnaire was given to 300 victims and 25 in-depth interviews from the cohort; 60 opinion leaders, key informants were interviewed and focus group discussions conducted. Findings: Push factors like inheritance rites, serial polygyny/polyandry, belief in witchcraft and weak family support systems were identified as drivers of human trafficking while the abysmal conditions of poverty created vulnerabilities. Conclusion: Inheritance rights should include women and children; conditions of poverty improved and cultural practices that promote vulnerability of women and children discouraged.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41262742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Population ageing is a global trend of the 21st century, with huge socioeconomic implications. Yet Africa’s population ageing is not fully understood. Africa is often characterized as a homogenous region which is not useful in terms of policy formulation. Data and methods: The purpose of this study is to examine regional population ageing differentials and similarities in Africa. Selected indicators and determinants of population ageing were taken from World Population Prospects (2017) for periods 1995-2000, 2010-2015 and 2025-2030. Findings: We applied k-means clustering method to selected indicators and grouped the countries according to their heterogeneity and homogeneity. Three clusters were identified with high, medium and low population ageing. Conclusion: Northern and Southern African countries formed a relatively homogeneous spatial unit with the highest ageing. Each cluster forms a spatial unit in which appropriate policy measures on population development and ageing can be formulated, implemented and shared as recommended by Agenda 2030, for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
{"title":"Population development in Africa with special regards to ageing","authors":"Collet Muza, K. Mangombe","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1410","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Population ageing is a global trend of the 21st century, with huge socioeconomic implications. Yet Africa’s population ageing is not fully understood. Africa is often characterized as a homogenous region which is not useful in terms of policy formulation. Data and methods: The purpose of this study is to examine regional population ageing differentials and similarities in Africa. Selected indicators and determinants of population ageing were taken from World Population Prospects (2017) for periods 1995-2000, 2010-2015 and 2025-2030. Findings: We applied k-means clustering method to selected indicators and grouped the countries according to their heterogeneity and homogeneity. Three clusters were identified with high, medium and low population ageing. Conclusion: Northern and Southern African countries formed a relatively homogeneous spatial unit with the highest ageing. Each cluster forms a spatial unit in which appropriate policy measures on population development and ageing can be formulated, implemented and shared as recommended by Agenda 2030, for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44420045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chinwe U. Nnama-Okechukwu, U. Okoye, Christy N. Obi-keguna, Chinyere E. Onalu, Agha A. Agha, J. Eneh, Angela I Ogbu, Eghosa A Erhunwunse, Anthony A Nwanze, Taiwo Okunsanya
Background: The VSLA is an emerging movement of savings that promotes entrepreneurship development in rural communities; it has supported the growth of small and medium enterprise in rural communities as well as helped families at risk to enhance family well-being. There are however scare empirical studies on VSLAs in Nigeria, hence impact and learning is often not in the public domain. Method : In this article, we endeavored to clarify concept and present result from a qualitative study using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for 48 families who participated in the SOS Children’s Villages Nigeria Family strengthening from 2010-2015. Result: Overall result suggest that VSLA is a programme intervention that is successful and sustainable. Results revealed that 70% of the families in the programme attained self-reliance within the project life span Conclusion: The results are discussed in relation to entrepreneurship development and need for social workers to create awareness on VSLA in rural communities in Nigeria
背景:VSLA是一种新兴的储蓄运动，促进了农村社区的创业发展;它支持农村社区中小企业的发展，并帮助面临风险的家庭提高家庭福利。然而，在尼日利亚，关于志愿服务协议的实证研究很少，因此影响和学习往往不在公共领域。方法:本文采用焦点小组讨论(Focus Group Discussion, FGD)对2010-2015年参与尼日利亚SOS儿童村家庭强化的48个家庭进行定性研究，试图澄清概念并给出结果。结果:总体结果表明VSLA是一个成功和可持续的方案干预。结果显示，参与该计划的70%的家庭在项目生命周期内实现了自力更生。结论:讨论了与创业发展和社会工作者在尼日利亚农村社区建立VSLA意识的需要有关的结果
{"title":"An impact study of the Village Savings and Loan Association (VSLA) in Nigeria","authors":"Chinwe U. Nnama-Okechukwu, U. Okoye, Christy N. Obi-keguna, Chinyere E. Onalu, Agha A. Agha, J. Eneh, Angela I Ogbu, Eghosa A Erhunwunse, Anthony A Nwanze, Taiwo Okunsanya","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1405","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The VSLA is an emerging movement of savings that promotes entrepreneurship development in rural communities; it has supported the growth of small and medium enterprise in rural communities as well as helped families at risk to enhance family well-being. There are however scare empirical studies on VSLAs in Nigeria, hence impact and learning is often not in the public domain. Method : In this article, we endeavored to clarify concept and present result from a qualitative study using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for 48 families who participated in the SOS Children’s Villages Nigeria Family strengthening from 2010-2015. Result: Overall result suggest that VSLA is a programme intervention that is successful and sustainable. Results revealed that 70% of the families in the programme attained self-reliance within the project life span Conclusion: The results are discussed in relation to entrepreneurship development and need for social workers to create awareness on VSLA in rural communities in Nigeria","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45233315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Christy N. Obi-keguna, N. Chukwu, Chinyere E. Onalu, S. E. Abonyi, U. Okoye
Background: Old age usually comes with frailty and withdrawal resulting to dependence on various support systems for assistance. However, studies have shown that social support available for older adults from these support systems especially in south-east Nigeria is inadequate. This study therefore depicts some cultural activities as a form of social support system for older adults. Data and methods: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 older adults and their caregivers. Thematic analytic approach was adopted to analyse the data. Findings : Some of the prevailing cultural activities including village meetings, marriage ceremonies, child naming or dedications, funerals, postpartum care serve as veritable means of support to older adults. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests that older adults should be encouraged to participate in some of these activities in order to ensure satisfactory support.
{"title":"Culture-based Social support to Older Adults in Nnewi, South-East Nigeria","authors":"Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Christy N. Obi-keguna, N. Chukwu, Chinyere E. Onalu, S. E. Abonyi, U. Okoye","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1402","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Old age usually comes with frailty and withdrawal resulting to dependence on various support systems for assistance. However, studies have shown that social support available for older adults from these support systems especially in south-east Nigeria is inadequate. This study therefore depicts some cultural activities as a form of social support system for older adults. Data and methods: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 older adults and their caregivers. Thematic analytic approach was adopted to analyse the data. Findings : Some of the prevailing cultural activities including village meetings, marriage ceremonies, child naming or dedications, funerals, postpartum care serve as veritable means of support to older adults. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests that older adults should be encouraged to participate in some of these activities in order to ensure satisfactory support.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45755836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Libya is a North African country with the longest coast on the Mediterranean basin facing Europe. Little is known about the demographic characteristics of the Libyan population. Herein, we examine the demographic features and disparities in age and gender among Libyans over the last fifty years, which could be useful for future planning and allocation of resources. Data and methods: Census data were used to analyze the demographic parameters and age trends from 1954 to 2016 by decades. Findings: The total Libyan population increased with significant sex differences during all decades. Fertility rates increased and mortality rates decreased. There had been more males during the first three decades but then their percentage declined since 1984, with women accounting for 49% in 2006. The working-age population increased to 67% by 2006. Conclusion: These findings are discussed in the light of major demographic changes that has occurred in the Libyan society. Libya as a whole has enjoyed low mortality and great improvement in socioeconomic status.
{"title":"Trends and projection of demographic indices of the Libyan population using a fifty-year census data 1954-2016","authors":"M. Daw, Abdallah El-bouzedi","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1401","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Libya is a North African country with the longest coast on the Mediterranean basin facing Europe. Little is known about the demographic characteristics of the Libyan population. Herein, we examine the demographic features and disparities in age and gender among Libyans over the last fifty years, which could be useful for future planning and allocation of resources. Data and methods: Census data were used to analyze the demographic parameters and age trends from 1954 to 2016 by decades. Findings: The total Libyan population increased with significant sex differences during all decades. Fertility rates increased and mortality rates decreased. There had been more males during the first three decades but then their percentage declined since 1984, with women accounting for 49% in 2006. The working-age population increased to 67% by 2006. Conclusion: These findings are discussed in the light of major demographic changes that has occurred in the Libyan society. Libya as a whole has enjoyed low mortality and great improvement in socioeconomic status.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42428599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The inverse relationship between urbanization and fertility is well known in the development literature. However, whether this location difference also translates into rural-urban maternal economic outcomes differential is not well understood. Majority of past research which found inverse relationship between number of young children and maternal economic outcome failed to analyze rural and urban areas separately. Data and methods: This paper used data from a household survey of rural and urban married women to analyze if the causal effect of fertility on maternal work participation differs between rural and urban areas. Findings: Results show that when rural-urban location differences are considered, coefficients are negative for urban households with large number of young children and positive for those households with more adult children; whereas these coefficient signs reversed for rural households. Conclusion: Results from the quantitative data combined with qualitative narratives suggest that large numbers of young children may not prohibit rural mothers from working.
{"title":"Rural-urban differential in fertility and maternal work participation: A study in Northwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Chalachew Getahun Desta","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1389","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The inverse relationship between urbanization and fertility is well known in the development literature. However, whether this location difference also translates into rural-urban maternal economic outcomes differential is not well understood. Majority of past research which found inverse relationship between number of young children and maternal economic outcome failed to analyze rural and urban areas separately. Data and methods: This paper used data from a household survey of rural and urban married women to analyze if the causal effect of fertility on maternal work participation differs between rural and urban areas. Findings: Results show that when rural-urban location differences are considered, coefficients are negative for urban households with large number of young children and positive for those households with more adult children; whereas these coefficient signs reversed for rural households. Conclusion: Results from the quantitative data combined with qualitative narratives suggest that large numbers of young children may not prohibit rural mothers from working.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45468093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abel Nzabona, J. Asiimwe, Richard Tuyiragize, Christian Kakuba, John Mushomi, Fred Maniragaba
Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the determinants of health and social challenges in Uganda. Although ample information exists about smoking prevalence, less is known about the determinants particularly in the leading tobacco-growing regions of the country. Data and methods: Secondary data were extracted from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The un-weighted and weighted samples were 16,800 and 14,791 respectively. Tobacco-smoking status, the outcome variable, was dichotomized into those who smoked and those who never smoked. Binary logistic regression was used to model the dichotomous outcome variable against a combination of predictor variables. Findings: Overall being male, having low education, belonging to the poor wealth quintile and being of advanced age increased the odds of tobacco-smoking. Conclusion: Sex, level of education, wealth index and age predicted tobacco-smoking. We recommend strengthening educational programmes, increased advocacy for reducing tobacco-smoking and improvement of socioeconomic status of the population.
{"title":"Factors associated with tobacco-smoking in Uganda’s leading tobacco-growing regions","authors":"Abel Nzabona, J. Asiimwe, Richard Tuyiragize, Christian Kakuba, John Mushomi, Fred Maniragaba","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1383","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the determinants of health and social challenges in Uganda. Although ample information exists about smoking prevalence, less is known about the determinants particularly in the leading tobacco-growing regions of the country. Data and methods: Secondary data were extracted from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The un-weighted and weighted samples were 16,800 and 14,791 respectively. Tobacco-smoking status, the outcome variable, was dichotomized into those who smoked and those who never smoked. Binary logistic regression was used to model the dichotomous outcome variable against a combination of predictor variables. Findings: Overall being male, having low education, belonging to the poor wealth quintile and being of advanced age increased the odds of tobacco-smoking. Conclusion: Sex, level of education, wealth index and age predicted tobacco-smoking. We recommend strengthening educational programmes, increased advocacy for reducing tobacco-smoking and improvement of socioeconomic status of the population.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44842928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Beyond the effort provided on the population policy in Rwanda so far, extensive studies on factors that could prevent infant mortality (IM) should be done for more controlling the Infant mortality rate (IMR). This study presents an application of survival analysis to the infant mortality at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital (KUTH) in Rwanda. Data and methods: The dataset of the KUTH was recorded. Aalen Additive Hazard Model (AAHM) is used for assessing the relationship between the IM and covariates. The Cox Proportional Hazard Model (CPHM) and the Cox-Aalen Hazard Model (CAHM) are also applied, the results of these three models are compared. Findings: The AAHM distinguishes time dependent and fixed covariates, and this allows an easy interpretation of the results found in CPHM and CAHM. Conclusion: Avoidance of pregnancy until after age 20 and clinically recommended nutrition for the mother during pregnancy would decrease IM.
{"title":"Infant mortality at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital: Application of Aalen additive hazards model and comparison with other classical survival models.","authors":"P. Gatabazi, S. Melesse, S. Ramroop","doi":"10.11564/33-2-1382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11564/33-2-1382","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Beyond the effort provided on the population policy in Rwanda so far, extensive studies on factors that could prevent infant mortality (IM) should be done for more controlling the Infant mortality rate (IMR). This study presents an application of survival analysis to the infant mortality at the Kigali University Teaching Hospital (KUTH) in Rwanda. Data and methods: The dataset of the KUTH was recorded. Aalen Additive Hazard Model (AAHM) is used for assessing the relationship between the IM and covariates. The Cox Proportional Hazard Model (CPHM) and the Cox-Aalen Hazard Model (CAHM) are also applied, the results of these three models are compared. Findings: The AAHM distinguishes time dependent and fixed covariates, and this allows an easy interpretation of the results found in CPHM and CAHM. Conclusion: Avoidance of pregnancy until after age 20 and clinically recommended nutrition for the mother during pregnancy would decrease IM.","PeriodicalId":52433,"journal":{"name":"Etude de la Population Africaine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46794728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：