Y. Shimizu, Takeshi Sueki, Tsugutoshi Kawaguchi, T. Kitagawa, Hiroyuki Kanemoto, Masahito Kuzuta
{"title":"Experimental Study on Curve Squeal Noise with a Running Train","authors":"Y. Shimizu, Takeshi Sueki, Tsugutoshi Kawaguchi, T. Kitagawa, Hiroyuki Kanemoto, Masahito Kuzuta","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49235648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seismic Design of Embankments in Consideration of Damage Process during Earthquakes","authors":"J. Izawa, T. Doi, Akira Suzuki, K. Kojima","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42446461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Method for Estimating Bedrock Ground Motion Based on Nonlinear Time-history Analysis","authors":"K. Sakai","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.63.1_50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47478106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The railway sector is facing major changes due to declining birthrates, an aging society, the intensifi cation of meteorological disasters, and the need to further reduce CO 2 emissions. The spread of COVID-19 since 2020, has had a major impact on the railway business, leading to an urgent need to respond to the drastic changes in demand for mobility in society. Until now, the Signal and Transport Information Technology Division has focused on research and development to further improve the safety and convenience of train operations and reduce the cost and burden of operations related to train operation management. Now, it is necessary to extend research and development to take into account the consequences of COVID-19 by, for example, speeding up our R&D. This paper introduces the purpose and goals of R & D undertaken by the Transport Operation Systems Lab and the Transport Planning and Marketing Lab in FY2020. This paper also describes the R&D concepts and policies for responding to a post-COVID-19 environment. in detail from various perspectives such as user arrival time, train operation frequency, number of transfers, train delays, and operating costs. The revised plans should then be compared with other timetables before a decision is made. However, preparing and evaluating timetable revisions is currently a very time-consuming procedure, which makes it difficult to perform detailed analyses or quantitative comparative evaluations of multiple proposed plans. This R&D project therefore first aimed to establish an evaluation method for timetables, keeping in mind that in the future, automatic proposals and evaluations of multiple schedules should improve the quality and efficiency of operations. Focusing on train delays in particular, a method was constructed to quantitatively evaluate timetables from the perspective of delays [2]. Specifically, the constructed method first identifies the areas affected by the spread of delays at each location, from daily delay record data, and quantitatively evaluates the number of trains and stations in these areas to express the impact of the delay. Then, a method was devised to extract locations which had higher average impact values for a certain period (e.g. 1 month) which would be locations where delay measures should be considered with priority. Finally, a system loaded with this information was developed, to support delay countermeasures (Fig. 1). This has enabled the quan-QR in
由于出生率下降、社会老龄化、气象灾害加剧以及需要进一步减少二氧化碳排放，铁路部门正面临重大变化。自2020年以来，新冠肺炎的传播对铁路业务产生了重大影响，导致迫切需要应对社会流动需求的急剧变化。到目前为止，信号和运输信息技术部一直专注于研发，以进一步提高列车运营的安全性和便利性，并降低与列车运营管理相关的运营成本和负担。现在，有必要扩大研究和开发，以考虑新冠肺炎的后果，例如加快我们的研发。本文介绍了交通运营系统实验室和交通规划与营销实验室在2020财年进行研发的目的和目标。本文还介绍了应对COVID-19后环境的研发概念和政策。从用户到达时间、列车运行频率、换乘次数、列车延误和运营成本等多个角度进行详细说明。然后，在做出决定之前，应将修订后的计划与其他时间表进行比较。然而，编制和评估时间表修订目前是一个非常耗时的程序，这使得很难对多个拟议计划进行详细分析或定量比较评估。因此，该研发项目首先旨在建立一种时间表评估方法，同时铭记，未来对多个时间表的自动提案和评估应能提高运营质量和效率。特别是针对列车延误，构建了一种从延误角度定量评估时刻表的方法[2]。具体而言，构建的方法首先从每日延误记录数据中识别出每个位置受延误蔓延影响的区域，并定量评估这些区域内的列车和车站数量，以表达延误的影响。然后，设计了一种方法来提取在某一时期（例如1个月）具有较高平均影响值的地点，这些地点将是应优先考虑延迟措施的地点。最后，开发了一个加载了这些信息的系统，以支持延迟对策（图1）。这已经启用了中的quan QR
{"title":"Trends and Outlook in Research and Development Activities relating to Train Operation Management and Transport Planning & Marketing","authors":"K. Kawasaki","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_231","url":null,"abstract":"The railway sector is facing major changes due to declining birthrates, an aging society, the intensifi cation of meteorological disasters, and the need to further reduce CO 2 emissions. The spread of COVID-19 since 2020, has had a major impact on the railway business, leading to an urgent need to respond to the drastic changes in demand for mobility in society. Until now, the Signal and Transport Information Technology Division has focused on research and development to further improve the safety and convenience of train operations and reduce the cost and burden of operations related to train operation management. Now, it is necessary to extend research and development to take into account the consequences of COVID-19 by, for example, speeding up our R&D. This paper introduces the purpose and goals of R & D undertaken by the Transport Operation Systems Lab and the Transport Planning and Marketing Lab in FY2020. This paper also describes the R&D concepts and policies for responding to a post-COVID-19 environment. in detail from various perspectives such as user arrival time, train operation frequency, number of transfers, train delays, and operating costs. The revised plans should then be compared with other timetables before a decision is made. However, preparing and evaluating timetable revisions is currently a very time-consuming procedure, which makes it difficult to perform detailed analyses or quantitative comparative evaluations of multiple proposed plans. This R&D project therefore first aimed to establish an evaluation method for timetables, keeping in mind that in the future, automatic proposals and evaluations of multiple schedules should improve the quality and efficiency of operations. Focusing on train delays in particular, a method was constructed to quantitatively evaluate timetables from the perspective of delays [2]. Specifically, the constructed method first identifies the areas affected by the spread of delays at each location, from daily delay record data, and quantitatively evaluates the number of trains and stations in these areas to express the impact of the delay. Then, a method was devised to extract locations which had higher average impact values for a certain period (e.g. 1 month) which would be locations where delay measures should be considered with priority. Finally, a system loaded with this information was developed, to support delay countermeasures (Fig. 1). This has enabled the quan-QR in","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48377910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Human Science Division of the Railway Technical Research Institute in Japan, has been conducting research on prevention of human error and occupational accidents as well as into countermeasures for transport disruptions and ways to improve user environments in order to improve the safety, convenience and comfort of passengers using the railways. This paper outlines the recent accomplishments of the representative research on prevention of human error accidents and improvement of user environments. RTRI is conducting R & D with the aim of improving railway safety, reducing maintenance costs, and improving rail services by introducing higher running speeds. Approximately half of all R & D for vehicles is concentrated on safety, mainly focusing on research on running safety evaluation methods such as flange climb derailment and crashworthiness evaluation. To improve the quality of railway services for passengers, other research and development aims to improve ride comfort by reducing vibration, developing tilting technology and noise reduction. This paper gives an overview of current research and development being conducted in the Vehicle Structure Technology Division, the status of crashworthiness evaluation, and of work to improve ride comfort.
{"title":"Recent Topics on Human Science for Railways","authors":"Naoki Mizukami","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_235","url":null,"abstract":"The Human Science Division of the Railway Technical Research Institute in Japan, has been conducting research on prevention of human error and occupational accidents as well as into countermeasures for transport disruptions and ways to improve user environments in order to improve the safety, convenience and comfort of passengers using the railways. This paper outlines the recent accomplishments of the representative research on prevention of human error accidents and improvement of user environments. RTRI is conducting R & D with the aim of improving railway safety, reducing maintenance costs, and improving rail services by introducing higher running speeds. Approximately half of all R & D for vehicles is concentrated on safety, mainly focusing on research on running safety evaluation methods such as flange climb derailment and crashworthiness evaluation. To improve the quality of railway services for passengers, other research and development aims to improve ride comfort by reducing vibration, developing tilting technology and noise reduction. This paper gives an overview of current research and development being conducted in the Vehicle Structure Technology Division, the status of crashworthiness evaluation, and of work to improve ride comfort.","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47847482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kawasaki, T. Kyotani, Tomoyoshi Ushiogi, Sachiko Yoshie
There are two types of method for cleaning station restrooms. One method uses water for cleaning floors, whereas the second does not. This study describes quantitative and qualitative research into the sur face bacteria found on station restroom floors where these two cleaning methods were used. Samples for analysis were collected from five positions on the floor of each restroom in each railway station investigated. Samples were treated using a conventional culture method to measure the concentrations of surface bacteria on each restroom floor. Samples were then analyzed with bacterial 16S rRNA genes to analysis the microbi omes on these restroom floors. Results showed that the restrooms cleaned without water had lower concen trations of bacteria, than the microbiomes from restroom floors cleaned with water. A and C in October 2018, January and July 2019, and in Stations B and D in July 2019. At Stations A and C, a qualitative investigation was conducted during the daytime (during business hours) on January 8, 2019 (Table 2). The temperature and humidity recorded at the time of the investigation are listed in the same table. Each of the 5 sampling positions were investigated qualitative-ly and quantitatively: under washbasins, under urinals, between urinals, and the central and back corners of the floor, in each station. Bacteria was collected from floors using one of two possible methods. The first method used a 10-cm square frame, which was Earth retaining structures, such as bridge abutments and retaining walls, are con-structed at the boundary of bridges or embankments. There are a variety of earth retaining structure failure modes, therefore in order to be able to ensure rational aseismic reinforcement, it is necessary to develop a range of different aseismic reinforcement methods adapted to the relevant earth retaining structure’s failure mode. Moreover, there are many cases where construction work is severely restricted due to various limitations, such as land boundaries, available space, and time available for construction work. Therefore, the authors propose an aseismic reinforcement method, which can both improve seismic performance of earth retaining structures and be carried out efficiently. This paper outlines this research and describes some examples of the practical application of the newly developed reinforcement method.
{"title":"Quantitative and Qualitative Research of Surface Bacteria on the Floor of Station Restrooms with Two Types of Cleaning Method","authors":"T. Kawasaki, T. Kyotani, Tomoyoshi Ushiogi, Sachiko Yoshie","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_281","url":null,"abstract":"There are two types of method for cleaning station restrooms. One method uses water for cleaning floors, whereas the second does not. This study describes quantitative and qualitative research into the sur face bacteria found on station restroom floors where these two cleaning methods were used. Samples for analysis were collected from five positions on the floor of each restroom in each railway station investigated. Samples were treated using a conventional culture method to measure the concentrations of surface bacteria on each restroom floor. Samples were then analyzed with bacterial 16S rRNA genes to analysis the microbi omes on these restroom floors. Results showed that the restrooms cleaned without water had lower concen trations of bacteria, than the microbiomes from restroom floors cleaned with water. A and C in October 2018, January and July 2019, and in Stations B and D in July 2019. At Stations A and C, a qualitative investigation was conducted during the daytime (during business hours) on January 8, 2019 (Table 2). The temperature and humidity recorded at the time of the investigation are listed in the same table. Each of the 5 sampling positions were investigated qualitative-ly and quantitatively: under washbasins, under urinals, between urinals, and the central and back corners of the floor, in each station. Bacteria was collected from floors using one of two possible methods. The first method used a 10-cm square frame, which was Earth retaining structures, such as bridge abutments and retaining walls, are con-structed at the boundary of bridges or embankments. There are a variety of earth retaining structure failure modes, therefore in order to be able to ensure rational aseismic reinforcement, it is necessary to develop a range of different aseismic reinforcement methods adapted to the relevant earth retaining structure’s failure mode. Moreover, there are many cases where construction work is severely restricted due to various limitations, such as land boundaries, available space, and time available for construction work. Therefore, the authors propose an aseismic reinforcement method, which can both improve seismic performance of earth retaining structures and be carried out efficiently. This paper outlines this research and describes some examples of the practical application of the newly developed reinforcement method.","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46680154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shunichi Tanaka, Satoshi Kato, T. Sakaguchi, Tomoharu Takimoto
{"title":"Method for Extracting Knowledge of Train Rescheduling from Data of Operation Records","authors":"Shunichi Tanaka, Satoshi Kato, T. Sakaguchi, Tomoharu Takimoto","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Deer Deterrent Equipment for Mitigation of Deer-Train Collisions","authors":"M. Shimura, Tomoyoshi Ushiogi, M. Ikehata","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Physical Properties of Rocks in Forced Deterioration Experiments","authors":"S. Kawamura, T. Kawagoe, Kei Shimamoto","doi":"10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.62.4_239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52445,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Report of RTRI (Railway Technical Research Institute) (Japan)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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