Recently, many studies have revealed a multisensory deficit in subjects with dyslexia. One of the most studied crossmodal correspondences is the Bouba-Kiki effect. Several studies have shown that our names have social implications that could impact in our future. Some authors suggest that people expect names with letters o/a to correspond with “round” face and letters i/e with “angular” faces, favoring this coincidence to a more positive judgment of that person toward the other. In this research, we analyzed crossmodal engagement and its social implication in subjects with dyslexia.
Methods
Sixty seven participants between 6 and 18 years old were included and divided into: group with reading disorder (TLE) (n = 35), and control group (n = 32). Everyone saw 10 photographs: 5 rounded faces, and 5 angular faces, having to assign them a name (e.g., Rolo, Mili).
Results
The control group was 2.38 times more likely to select names containing the vowels “o” and/or “a” for round faces (OR = 2.38, P=.002); and 1.96 times more likely to choose names containing the vowels “i” and/or “e” for angular faces (OR = 1.96, P=.007) compared to the TLE group. The control group presented a Bouba-Kki effect of 90.62%, while the TLE group did so in 60% (P=.004).
Conclusion
Our research not only objectifies the atypical response in the crossmodal processing of visual–auditory stimuli in subjects with dyslexia, but also reveals that this situation could have an influence on social aspects with implications for the style in which they interact with others.
{"title":"Implicancia social del compromiso crossmodal en la dislexia","authors":"Esteban Vaucheret Paz, Luciana Petracca, Rosario Ortola Martinez, Belén Duarte, Mariana Leist, Claudia Chirila, Marcos Posse, Guillermo Agosta","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Recently, many studies have revealed a multisensory deficit in subjects with dyslexia. One of the most studied crossmodal correspondences is the Bouba-Kiki effect. Several studies have shown that our names have social implications that could impact in our future. Some authors suggest that people expect names with letters o/a to correspond with “round” face and letters i/e with “angular” faces, favoring this coincidence to a more positive judgment of that person toward the other. In this research, we analyzed crossmodal engagement and its social implication in subjects with dyslexia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty seven participants between 6 and 18 years old were included and divided into: group with reading disorder (TLE) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->35), and control group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->32). Everyone saw 10 photographs: 5 rounded faces, and 5 angular faces, having to assign them a name (e.g., Rolo, Mili).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The control group was 2.38 times more likely to select names containing the vowels “o” and/or “a” for round faces (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.38, <em>P</em>=.002); and 1.96 times more likely to choose names containing the vowels “i” and/or “e” for angular faces (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.96, <em>P</em>=.007) compared to the TLE group. The control group presented a Bouba-Kki effect of 90.62%, while the TLE group did so in 60% (<em>P</em>=.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our research not only objectifies the atypical response in the crossmodal processing of visual–auditory stimuli in subjects with dyslexia, but also reveals that this situation could have an influence on social aspects with implications for the style in which they interact with others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"Pages 189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47567121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.001
Diego Fernando Rojas Gualdrón , Miguel Restrepo Martínez , Melisa Carrillo Márquez , Carolina Vallejo , Ana María Salazar Llano , Juliana Martínez , Diana Restrepo Bernal
Introduction
Major neurocognitive disorder is characterized by substantial cognitive decline from a previous level of increased performance in one or more cognitive domains. It is a chronic, progressive syndrome associated with significant disability and dependency in adults, which currently accounts for 11.9% of the years lived with disability due to non-communicable diseases. Colombia recently adopted a guide for this pathology.
Objective
To evaluate the methodological quality, credibility, and applicability of the Colombian clinical practice guideline (CPG) for major neurocognitive disorders.
Methodology
An academic group of seven evaluators was standardized to evaluate the guide and its recommendations through the AGREE-II and AGREE-REX instruments.
Results
The evaluations were given in the range of 0.0–1.0, with 0.7 as the cut-off point for appropriate quality. Overall AGREE-II score was 0.72. Scores > 0.70 were obtained except in the domains “participation of those involved” (0.65) and “applicability” (0.60). For the recommendations group-specific assessment carried out with the AGREE-REX, unfavorable results were obtained in general, with the quality rating being lower than the assessment of the suitability of the use of the recommendations.
Conclusión
Adopting the Colombian CPG for dementia was a rigorous methodological process, while the practice recommendations were rated as having low applicability. It is necessary to strengthen the generation and synthesis of evidence at the national level to provide a greater local context and favor the applicability of clinical practice recommendations.
{"title":"Valoración crítica de la guía colombiana de práctica clínica para la demencia con los instrumentos AGREE-II y el AGREE-REX","authors":"Diego Fernando Rojas Gualdrón , Miguel Restrepo Martínez , Melisa Carrillo Márquez , Carolina Vallejo , Ana María Salazar Llano , Juliana Martínez , Diana Restrepo Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Major neurocognitive disorder is characterized by substantial cognitive decline from a previous level of increased performance in one or more cognitive domains. It is a chronic, progressive syndrome associated with significant disability and dependency in adults, which currently accounts for 11.9% of the years lived with disability due to non-communicable diseases. Colombia recently adopted a guide for this pathology.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the methodological quality, credibility, and applicability of the Colombian clinical practice guideline (CPG) for major neurocognitive disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>An academic group of seven evaluators was standardized to evaluate the guide and its recommendations through the AGREE-II and AGREE-REX instruments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The evaluations were given in the range of 0.0–1.0, with 0.7 as the cut-off point for appropriate quality. Overall AGREE-II score was 0.72. Scores > 0.70 were obtained except in the domains “participation of those involved” (0.65) and “applicability” (0.60). For the recommendations group-specific assessment carried out with the AGREE-REX, unfavorable results were obtained in general, with the quality rating being lower than the assessment of the suitability of the use of the recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusión</h3><div>Adopting the Colombian CPG for dementia was a rigorous methodological process, while the practice recommendations were rated as having low applicability. It is necessary to strengthen the generation and synthesis of evidence at the national level to provide a greater local context and favor the applicability of clinical practice recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48793238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.09.006
Andrés José Dulcey-Cepeda , María Virginia Pinzón- Fernández , Andrés Felipe Rojas-Yoque , Angie Fernanda Romo-Paredes , Yina Pamela Daza-Imbachí , Diana Sofía Montero-Molina
Objective
To establish the prevalence of pathological gambling in students to health sciences at the Cauca university.
Methods
Cross sectional descriptive research in 243 students of the health faculty, selected by two-stage proportional stratified sampling. A survey was sent through institutional emails, which consisted of sociodemographic, academic, clinical aspects and habits of cigarette and psychoactive substance consumption, in addition to the Brief Pathological Gambling Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS.25.
Results
Most of the participants were women, however the majority of those who has some relationship with the gambling were men; the prevalence was 5.8% of possible gambling addiction; 2.5% and 91.8% register some or no problems related to gambling addiction respectively. The variables cigarette consumption, psychoactive substance consumption and diagnosis of depression were statistically significant (p = 0.001; p = 0.01; p = 0.043) in relation to possible gambling addiction.
Conclusions
The prevalence results indicate that university health students are considered a population at risk for pathological gambling.
{"title":"El juego patológico en estudiantes de salud de una institución universitaria, Cauca, Colombia","authors":"Andrés José Dulcey-Cepeda , María Virginia Pinzón- Fernández , Andrés Felipe Rojas-Yoque , Angie Fernanda Romo-Paredes , Yina Pamela Daza-Imbachí , Diana Sofía Montero-Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To establish the prevalence of pathological gambling in students to health sciences at the Cauca university.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross sectional descriptive research in 243 students of the health faculty, selected by two-stage proportional stratified sampling. A survey was sent through institutional emails, which consisted of sociodemographic, academic, clinical aspects and habits of cigarette and psychoactive substance consumption, in addition to the Brief Pathological Gambling Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS.25.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the participants were women, however the majority of those who has some relationship with the gambling were men; the prevalence was 5.8% of possible gambling addiction; 2.5% and 91.8% register some or no problems related to gambling addiction respectively. The variables cigarette consumption, psychoactive substance consumption and diagnosis of depression were statistically significant (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.01; <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.043) in relation to possible gambling addiction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence results indicate that university health students are considered a population at risk for pathological gambling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 110-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135222288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suicide is a global phenomenon and a serious public health problem; it is defined as the act in which a person deliberately causes his or her own death and depends on multiple factors, including socioeconomic, geographic, cultural, and social factors. Due to the multi-causality of suicide, studies on risk factors are of great importance.
Method
Retrospective descriptive quantitative research, from primary source data delivered by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences. This descriptive study was conducted to characterize suicide in southwestern Colombia (Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño) before (2018-2019) and during the pandemic (2020-2021), and associated risk factors were also determined from the results obtained.
Results
One thousand five hundred and six suicides were recorded during the 4 years studied in the departments of the southwestern Colombian region (Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño) with more cases in the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019); the year, month and day of highest prevalence was 2018, December and Sunday respectively, in individuals of the male sex, of adult age (18-65 years), single, with a level of education of primary/secondary complete/incomplete, using hanging as the cause of the fact, and being conflict with partner or ex-partner the most frequent reason.
The associated risk factors were the day of the week, academic level and the reason for the act. Prevalences ranged between 4.6 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants in 2018 and 5.6 in 2021 specifically for the department of Cauca, the highest overall rate was found in 2018 with 5.3 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants and the lowest was 4.4 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants for 2020.
Conclusions
Suicide is a public health problem that occurs in all age groups; its highest prevalence in southwestern Colombia is in the adult population and in the group of adolescents with a low level of education. It is necessary to implement health promotion and prevention programs, supported by intersectoral and regional work according to risk factors, in order to contribute to improving the quality of life of the population.
{"title":"Factores de riesgo del suicidio en el suroccidente colombiano (Valle del Cauca, Cauca y Nariño) antes (2018-2019) y durante la pandemia (2020-2021)","authors":"Liliana Charry Lozano , Carmen Ofelia Daza Córdoba , Harley Banguera Riascos , Diego Illera Rivera , Lina Vanessa Garzón Certuche , William Darío Díaz Delgado , Lissa Fernanda Muñoz Bravo , Carmen Rocio Riobamba Calvache , Eduarth Yessid Cuero Riascos","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Suicide is a global phenomenon and a serious public health problem; it is defined as the act in which a person deliberately causes his or her own death and depends on multiple factors, including socioeconomic, geographic, cultural, and social factors. Due to the multi-causality of suicide, studies on risk factors are of great importance.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Retrospective descriptive quantitative research, from primary source data delivered by the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences. This descriptive study was conducted to characterize suicide in southwestern Colombia (Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño) before (2018-2019) and during the pandemic (2020-2021), and associated risk factors were also determined from the results obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One thousand five<!--> <!-->hundred and six suicides were recorded during the 4<!--> <!-->years studied in the departments of the southwestern Colombian region (Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nariño) with more cases in the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019); the year, month and day of highest prevalence was 2018, December and Sunday respectively, in individuals of the male sex, of adult age (18-65 years), single, with a level of education of primary/secondary complete/incomplete, using hanging as the cause of the fact, and being conflict with partner or ex-partner the most frequent reason.</div><div>The associated risk factors were the day of the week, academic level and the reason for the act. Prevalences ranged between 4.6 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants in 2018 and 5.6 in 2021 specifically for the department of Cauca, the highest overall rate was found in 2018 with 5.3 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants and the lowest was 4.4 suicides per 100,000 inhabitants for 2020.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Suicide is a public health problem that occurs in all age groups; its highest prevalence in southwestern Colombia is in the adult population and in the group of adolescents with a low level of education. It is necessary to implement health promotion and prevention programs, supported by intersectoral and regional work according to risk factors, in order to contribute to improving the quality of life of the population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41637698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.02.005
Nathaly Berrío García , Juan Pablo Sánchez Escudero , Javier Martínez-Torres , Germán Fernando Vieco Gómez
Introduction
The Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory COPE is an instrument to assess people's coping strategies in new or unusual situations. Despite its wide international use, studies on its psychometric properties in the Colombian population are unknown.
Objective
To estimate the Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory's content, structure, convergent validity, and internal consistency.
Methodology
A sample of 306 selected by opportunity was taken. The Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory test was applied through a structured survey through the Internet. Content validity was evaluated through relevance, clarity, precision and comprehension by judges, and subsequently a confirmatory factor analysis was applied to estimate construct validity. The internal consistency was estimated through the omega coefficient. Finally, the convergent validity was estimated with the IEEA-BRIEF.
Results
The assessment of the relevance, clarity, precision and understanding of the items had results whose average ranged between 0.90 and 1. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a structure of three factors that explained 50.3% of the total variance. For its part, the internal consistency showed a satisfactory index for the total scale (0.81).
Conclusions
The new version of the inventory has adequate metric properties and its use in the Colombian population is recommended.
{"title":"Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Estimación del Afrontamiento en una muestra colombiana","authors":"Nathaly Berrío García , Juan Pablo Sánchez Escudero , Javier Martínez-Torres , Germán Fernando Vieco Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory COPE is an instrument to assess people's coping strategies in new or unusual situations. Despite its wide international use, studies on its psychometric properties in the Colombian population are unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate the Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory's content, structure, convergent validity, and internal consistency.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A sample of 306 selected by opportunity was taken. The Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory test was applied through a structured survey through the Internet. Content validity was evaluated through relevance, clarity, precision and comprehension by judges, and subsequently a confirmatory factor analysis was applied to estimate construct validity. The internal consistency was estimated through the omega coefficient. Finally, the convergent validity was estimated with the IEEA-BRIEF.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The assessment of the relevance, clarity, precision and understanding of the items had results whose average ranged between 0.90 and 1. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a structure of three factors that explained 50.3% of the total variance. For its part, the internal consistency showed a satisfactory index for the total scale (0.81).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The new version of the inventory has adequate metric properties and its use in the Colombian population is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47131343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.10.002
Franklin Escobar-Córdoba , Jorge Rey de Castro , Charles Huamaní
Objective
To assess risk factors associated with extreme obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients living at high altitudes.
Methods
A case–control study was conducted using data collected between 2016 and 2017 in patients who lived in Bogotá D.C. (2640 m above sea level) and were treated at FUNDASUVICOL. Participants: Six hundred twenty patients met the inclusion criteria: 110 had moderate OSA, 144 had severe OSA, 203 had very severe OSA and 163 had extreme OSA (cases). The controls–cases ratio was 3:1. Measurements: Participants’ data were obtained from their medical records. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results
The bivariate analysis showed that the following variables were associated with extreme OSA: morbid obesity (ORcrude = 32.22; 95% CI = 9.10–114.1), high blood pressure (HBP) (ORcrude = 2.40; 95% CI = 1.66–3.46), snoring (ORcrude = 4.69; 95% CI = 1.42–15.45), body mass index (BMI) (ORcrude = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.10–1.18), neck circumference (ORcrude = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.08–1.18) and age (ORcrude = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01–1.04). Somehow, after performing a multivariate regression analysis adjusted by age, gender, morbid obesity, snoring, HBP and neck circumference, it was determined that only morbid obesity (OR = 8.34; 95% CI = 2.04–34.05) and neck circumference (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.01–1.16) are risk factors for extreme OSA.
Discussion
Morbid obesity and neck circumference were significantly associated with extreme OSA. Therefore, losing weight and improving anthropometric measurements should be considered in OSA treatment to reduce the severity of symptoms and to improve polysomnographic parameters in these patients.
目的探讨高海拔地区极端阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者的危险因素。方法采用2016 - 2017年收集的数据，对居住在波哥大（海拔2640 m）并接受FUNDASUVICOL治疗的患者进行病例对照研究。参与者：620例患者符合纳入标准：中度OSA 110例，重度OSA 144例，极重度OSA 203例，重度OSA 163例。对照病例比为3:1。测量方法：参与者的数据来自他们的医疗记录。采用Logistic回归模型计算调整后的优势比和95%置信区间。结果双因素分析显示，与重度OSA相关的变量有：病态肥胖(ORcrude = 32.22；95% CI = 9.10-114.1)，高血压（HBP） (ORcrude = 2.40；95% CI = 1.66-3.46)、打鼾(ORcrude = 4.69；95% CI = 1.42-15.45)，身体质量指数（BMI） (ORcrude = 1.14；95% CI = 1.10-1.18)、颈围(ORcrude = 1.13；95% CI = 1.08-1.18)和年龄(ORcrude = 1.02；95% ci = 1.01-1.04)。然而，在对年龄、性别、病态肥胖、打鼾、血压和颈围等因素进行多元回归分析后，我们发现只有病态肥胖(OR = 8.34；95% CI = 2.04-34.05)和颈围(OR = 1.09；95% CI = 1.01-1.16)为重度OSA的危险因素。病态肥胖和颈围与重度OSA显著相关。因此，在OSA治疗中应考虑减肥和改善人体测量，以减轻症状的严重程度，改善这些患者的多导睡眠图参数。
{"title":"Clinical Factors Associated With Extreme Sleep Apnea in Patients Living at High Altitude (Bogotá D.C., Colombia): A Case–Control Study","authors":"Franklin Escobar-Córdoba , Jorge Rey de Castro , Charles Huamaní","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess risk factors associated with extreme obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients living at high altitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A case–control study was conducted using data collected between 2016 and 2017 in patients who lived in Bogotá D.C. (2640<!--> <!-->m above sea level) and were treated at FUNDASUVICOL. <em>Participants</em>: Six hundred twenty patients met the inclusion criteria: 110 had moderate OSA, 144 had severe OSA, 203 had very severe OSA and 163 had extreme OSA (cases). The controls–cases ratio was 3:1. <em>Measurements</em>: Participants’ data were obtained from their medical records. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bivariate analysis showed that the following variables were associated with extreme OSA: morbid obesity (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->32.22; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->9.10–114.1), high blood pressure (HBP) (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.40; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.66–3.46), snoring (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4.69; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.42–15.45), body mass index (BMI) (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.14; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.10–1.18), neck circumference (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.13; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.08–1.18) and age (ORcrude<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.02; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.01–1.04). Somehow, after performing a multivariate regression analysis adjusted by age, gender, morbid obesity, snoring, HBP and neck circumference, it was determined that only morbid obesity (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8.34; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.04–34.05) and neck circumference (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.09; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.01–1.16) are risk factors for extreme OSA.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Morbid obesity and neck circumference were significantly associated with extreme OSA. Therefore, losing weight and improving anthropometric measurements should be considered in OSA treatment to reduce the severity of symptoms and to improve polysomnographic parameters in these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 116-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.005
Jean Pierre Zila-Velasque , Pamela Grados-Espinoza , Kateriny Margot Regalado-Rodríguez , Cesia J. Luna-Córdova , Gabriela Stefanie Sierra Calderón , Mills Díaz-Vargas , Jhesly Sifuentes-Rosales , Cristian Diaz-Vélez
Introduction
Eating disorders (ED) are serious conditions that have diverse consequences, associated with high morbidity and mortality: Among the factors associated with their development are, being female, and stress, which increased during the pandemic, and was higher in medical students. Our objective was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with ED in medical students.
Methods
Cross-sectional study, conducted with an online questionnaire, between January 1 and 31, 2021, in 22 universities, using the Eating Disorder Scale (EAT-26) and the Family Communication Scale (FCS). Generalized logistic regressions were used to identify the association between variables.
Results
A total of 1224 participants were recruited, and the prevalence was 12.5%. Associated factors included a poor perception of health in 34.3%, having a family and/or social environment member with an eating disorder in 21.7%, and medium or low satisfaction with family communication in 57.3% and 34.9% respectively, in addition to the academic year, dieting, concern for body image and the perception of inadequate eating.
Conclusions
Our results show that, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1-2 out of 10 Human Medicine students had an ED. The associated factors that influenced development of the condition included a fair or poor perception of health, the academic year completed, and medium or low satisfaction with family communication.
{"title":"Prevalencia y factores del trastorno de conducta alimentaria en estudiantes de medicina humana del perú en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19: estudio multicéntrico","authors":"Jean Pierre Zila-Velasque , Pamela Grados-Espinoza , Kateriny Margot Regalado-Rodríguez , Cesia J. Luna-Córdova , Gabriela Stefanie Sierra Calderón , Mills Díaz-Vargas , Jhesly Sifuentes-Rosales , Cristian Diaz-Vélez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2022.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Eating disorders (ED) are serious conditions that have diverse consequences, associated with high morbidity and mortality: Among the factors associated with their development are, being female, and stress, which increased during the pandemic, and was higher in medical students. Our objective was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with ED in medical students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study, conducted with an online questionnaire, between January 1 and 31, 2021, in 22 universities, using the Eating Disorder Scale (EAT-26) and the Family Communication Scale (FCS). Generalized logistic regressions were used to identify the association between variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1224 participants were recruited, and the prevalence was 12.5%. Associated factors included a poor perception of health in 34.3%, having a family and/or social environment member with an eating disorder in 21.7%, and medium or low satisfaction with family communication in 57.3% and 34.9% respectively, in addition to the academic year, dieting, concern for body image and the perception of inadequate eating.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results show that, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1-2 out of 10 Human Medicine students had an ED. The associated factors that influenced development of the condition included a fair or poor perception of health, the academic year completed, and medium or low satisfaction with family communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9359929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40612453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To determine the costs of temporary disability due to mental and behavioral disorders for the period 2016–2018 in Colombia.
Methods
Descriptive-correlational observational cross-sectional study, using the totality of disability records of contributors to the Colombian General System of Social Security in Health between 2016 and 2018, reported according to ICD-10 as mental and behavioral disorders (F00–F99) and provided by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection.
Results
The highest number of incapacities corresponds to anxiety disorders and depressive episode with a participation of more than 20% each. The average per disability was 2.68 days, with schizophrenia (4.09), bipolar affective disorder (3.48) and recurrent depressive disorder (3.23) generating the highest number of disabilities. The average daily cost for each incapacity was $27,178; and for each patient, taking into account the average number of days of incapacity, the cost rises to $411,278 per person.
Conclusions
Women most frequently presented some type of illness and the greatest number of records occurred in the central-eastern area and coffee-growing region of Colombia; it was established that anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common and, finally, the analysis indicated that people with salaries of less than 2 SMLMV were more disabled than those with higher salaries.
{"title":"Costo de las incapacidades por trastornos mentales y del comportamiento en Colombia, 2016-2018","authors":"Ivonne Constanza Valero-Pacheco , Martha Isabel Riaño-Casallas","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To determine the costs of temporary disability due to mental and behavioral disorders for the period 2016–2018 in Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Descriptive-correlational observational cross-sectional study, using the totality of disability records of contributors to the Colombian General System of Social Security in Health between 2016 and 2018, reported according to ICD-10 as mental and behavioral disorders (F00–F99) and provided by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest number of incapacities corresponds to anxiety disorders and depressive episode with a participation of more than 20% each. The average per disability was 2.68 days, with schizophrenia (4.09), bipolar affective disorder (3.48) and recurrent depressive disorder (3.23) generating the highest number of disabilities. The average daily cost for each incapacity was $27,178; and for each patient, taking into account the average number of days of incapacity, the cost rises to $411,278 per person.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Women most frequently presented some type of illness and the greatest number of records occurred in the central-eastern area and coffee-growing region of Colombia; it was established that anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common and, finally, the analysis indicated that people with salaries of less than 2 SMLMV were more disabled than those with higher salaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42195226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.11.002
Maria Manuela Moreno , Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajal , María Zuluaga , Andrés Peralta , Felipe Marín , Samir Aruachan , Carlos Alberto Cano-Gutiérrez
Introduction
The fear of falling syndrome is usually associated with functional impairment, depression, anxiety, poorer quality of life, and it has also been seen to have a higher prevalence in multimorbid people, those with polypharmacy, cardiovascular disease, and affective symptoms. Our study aims to evaluate the relationship between fear of falling in absence of a history of falls and exclusive life at home on a representative sample of older people in Colombia.
Materials and methods
This is a secondary study of the Health, Well-being, and Aging Survey in Colombia. The dependent variable considered in this study was the fear of falling without having fallen, while the exposure variable was exclusive homebound living. We conducted a descriptive and bivariate analysis of the sample, followed by a multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding variables.
Results
Among the 16,006 older adults included in the analysis, the mean age was 71.4 years, 53.84% were women; 35.44% reported a fear of falling without having experienced a fall, and 6.3% had an exclusive homebound lifestyle. Three regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between the fear of falling without prior falls and exclusive homebound living. The first model was adjusted for age, the second included adjustments for age, malnutrition, self-perceived health status, sarcopenia, and polypharmacy, and the third model incorporated the first 2 adjustments along with cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases. Model 1 revealed an OR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.28-1.45) with p < 0.001, while Models 2 and 3 both yielded an OR of 1.26 (95% CI 1.10-1.44), independently of the other variables (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
There is an association between fear of falling without having fallen and exclusive life at home. The foregoing provides evidence to include this characteristic as a complementary parameter in the evaluation of older adults suffering from fear of falling.
害怕跌倒综合征通常与功能损害、抑郁、焦虑、生活质量下降有关，而且在多重发病人群、有多种药物、心血管疾病和情感性症状的人群中发病率更高。我们的研究旨在评估哥伦比亚老年人代表性样本中没有跌倒史的人对跌倒的恐惧与家庭生活之间的关系。材料和方法这是哥伦比亚健康、福祉和老龄化调查的二次研究。本研究中考虑的因变量是对没有摔倒的恐惧，而暴露变量是完全居家生活。我们对样本进行了描述性和双变量分析，然后对混杂变量进行了多变量分析。结果纳入分析的16006名老年人中，平均年龄71.4岁，女性占53.84%；35.44%的人没有跌倒过，但有跌倒的恐惧，6.3%的人有完全宅在家的生活方式。我们使用三个回归模型来检验未曾跌倒过的跌倒恐惧与完全居家生活之间的关系。第一个模型对年龄进行了调整，第二个模型对年龄、营养不良、自我感知健康状况、肌肉减少症和多种药物进行了调整，第三个模型将前两个模型与心血管和肌肉骨骼疾病进行了调整。模型1显示OR为1.27 (95% CI 1.28-1.45), p <；模型2和模型3的OR均为1.26 (95% CI 1.10-1.44)，独立于其他变量(p <；0.001)。结论没有摔倒就害怕摔倒与家庭生活排他性有一定关系。上述提供的证据，包括这一特点，作为一个补充参数，在评估老年人患跌倒恐惧。
{"title":"Asociación entre el temor a caer sin haber caído y la vida exclusiva en el hogar en población colombiana a partir de la encuesta SABE, Colombia","authors":"Maria Manuela Moreno , Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajal , María Zuluaga , Andrés Peralta , Felipe Marín , Samir Aruachan , Carlos Alberto Cano-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The fear of falling syndrome is usually associated with functional impairment, depression, anxiety, poorer quality of life, and it has also been seen to have a higher prevalence in multimorbid people, those with polypharmacy, cardiovascular disease, and affective symptoms. Our study aims to evaluate the relationship between fear of falling in absence of a history of falls and exclusive life at home on a representative sample of older people in Colombia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a secondary study of the Health, Well-being, and Aging Survey in Colombia. The dependent variable considered in this study was the fear of falling without having fallen, while the exposure variable was exclusive homebound living. We conducted a descriptive and bivariate analysis of the sample, followed by a multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 16,006 older adults included in the analysis, the mean age was 71.4 years, 53.84% were women; 35.44% reported a fear of falling without having experienced a fall, and 6.3% had an exclusive homebound lifestyle. Three regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between the fear of falling without prior falls and exclusive homebound living. The first model was adjusted for age, the second included adjustments for age, malnutrition, self-perceived health status, sarcopenia, and polypharmacy, and the third model incorporated the first 2 adjustments along with cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases. Model 1 revealed an OR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.28-1.45) with p<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001, while Models 2 and 3 both yielded an OR of 1.26 (95% CI 1.10-1.44), independently of the other variables (p<!--> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is an association between fear of falling without having fallen and exclusive life at home. The foregoing provides evidence to include this characteristic as a complementary parameter in the evaluation of older adults suffering from fear of falling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.04.007
Cristhian Fernando Cordero Rojas , Juan Manuel Jaramillo Mejía , Julian Esteban Agreda Dorado , Alejandro Castillo Martinez
Introduction
Information about coping mechanisms of patients who are taken to bone marrow transplant (BMT) are limited. Besides, the long hospitalization has a high emotional impact. We characterize coping mechanisms and evaluate hopelessness, anxiety and depression of patients who were taken to bone marrow transplant (BMT) in a high complexity health institution in the department of Valle del Cauca between February 1 and June 30, 2022
Methods
Descriptive cross-sectional design, with convenience sampling of patients over 18 years of age who were admitted for BMT. Participants filled out five questionnaires (sociodemographic data, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), the Beck hopelessness scale and The mental adjustment to cancer scale (MAC-s). The qualitative variables were summarized with absolute frequencies and percentages, the quantitative variables were summarized in medians and interquartile ranges. For the correlation of variables, Spearman's correlation coefficients were used.
Outcomes
From 34 participants, 61.5% were men. The MAC-s scale found fighting spirit as the main coping style, no correlation was found between the scale MAC-s and the clinical variables evaluated. The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scale showed depressive and anxiety symptoms in 20.8% of the participants. The correlation was positive between those with symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 scale) and those with anxiety (GAD-7 scale) (Spearman's coefficient 0.8).
Conclusion
This study found fighting spirit as the main coping style. High frequency of anxiety and depression. The high frequency of anxiety and depression raises the need for screening and preventive strategies.
关于骨髓移植（BMT）患者应对机制的信息是有限的。此外，长期住院治疗对情绪的影响也很大。我们描述了应对机制，并评估了2022年2月1日至6月30日期间在考卡山谷（Valle del Cauca）的一家高复杂性医疗机构接受骨髓移植（BMT）的患者的绝望、焦虑和抑郁。方法采用描述性横断面设计，方便抽样18岁以上因骨髓移植入院的患者。参与者填写了5份问卷（社会人口学数据、患者健康问卷9 （PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍问卷（GAD-7）、贝克绝望量表和癌症心理适应量表（MAC-s））。定性变量以绝对频率和百分比汇总，定量变量以中位数和四分位数区间汇总。变量间的相关性采用Spearman相关系数。结果：34名参与者中，61.5%为男性。MAC-s量表以战斗精神为主要应对方式，MAC-s量表与被测临床变量无相关性。PHQ-9和GAD-7量表显示20.8%的参与者有抑郁和焦虑症状。抑郁症状（PHQ-9量表）与焦虑症状（GAD-7量表）之间呈正相关（Spearman系数0.8）。结论本研究发现斗志是主要的应对方式。焦虑和抑郁的频率很高。焦虑和抑郁的高频率提高了筛查和预防策略的必要性。
{"title":"Caracterización de los mecanismos de afrontamiento de los pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de trasplante de médula ósea de una institución de alta complejidad en Cali (Colombia) entre febrero y junio de 2022","authors":"Cristhian Fernando Cordero Rojas , Juan Manuel Jaramillo Mejía , Julian Esteban Agreda Dorado , Alejandro Castillo Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcp.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Information about coping mechanisms of patients who are taken to bone marrow transplant (BMT) are limited. Besides, the long hospitalization has a high emotional impact. We characterize coping mechanisms and evaluate hopelessness, anxiety and depression of patients who were taken to bone marrow transplant (BMT) in a high complexity health institution in the department of Valle del Cauca between February 1 and June 30, 2022</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Descriptive cross-sectional design, with convenience sampling of patients over 18 years of age who were admitted for BMT. Participants filled out five questionnaires (sociodemographic data, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), the Beck hopelessness scale and The mental adjustment to cancer scale (MAC-s). The qualitative variables were summarized with absolute frequencies and percentages, the quantitative variables were summarized in medians and interquartile ranges. For the correlation of variables, Spearman's correlation coefficients were used.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>From 34 participants, 61.5% were men. The MAC-s scale found fighting spirit as the main coping style, no correlation was found between the scale MAC-s and the clinical variables evaluated. The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scale showed depressive and anxiety symptoms in 20.8% of the participants. The correlation was positive between those with symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 scale) and those with anxiety (GAD-7 scale) (Spearman's coefficient 0.8).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found fighting spirit as the main coping style. High frequency of anxiety and depression. The high frequency of anxiety and depression raises the need for screening and preventive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52477,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43060178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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