When the time lows of the psychological body, about the human mind, there is a vital relationship between the psychological and somatic body leading to stress and mishaps. This could be a lack of coherence among significant components in the body, which are characterized by hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline that come into play. Cortisol and adrenaline are released when there is usually a response of fight or flight, where these hormones get ready to handle the body’s reaction, and when this happens properly, it yields stress. Stress occurs through all age groups across every ethnicity and population, as the functioning of the mind is very similar. Managing this emerging stress and anxiety condition could be done through the easy way of the modern system of medicine, allopathy. Alternatively, the traditional method comes in handy to maintain such a condition with hardly any long-term side effects. A few conventional techniques like the practice of yoga, support of the proper nutrients, and certain medicinal herbs are bent to see a change in the perspective of coping mechanisms that results in a stress-free environment within the human mind. Many patterns of practices are noticed that there are specific nutrients and supplements formulated with medicinal herbs with significant pharmacological properties and the ancient activity of yoga aid in stress management. Using and practicing regularly can help in an integrated caliber of living. This review article sheds information and collation on such significant medicinal herbs, nutrients, and renounced practices of yoga that play together in the balance of the human body to overcome the distress of the mind. Many studies have noticed that medicinal herbs, nutrients, and specific yogic asanas help handle stress and anxiety, giving a holistic living pattern.
{"title":"Coherence and vitals of medicinal herbs, nutrients, and yoga in stress management and psychological stasis","authors":"Saagarika Srinivasan, T. Mani","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_23_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_23_23","url":null,"abstract":"When the time lows of the psychological body, about the human mind, there is a vital relationship between the psychological and somatic body leading to stress and mishaps. This could be a lack of coherence among significant components in the body, which are characterized by hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline that come into play. Cortisol and adrenaline are released when there is usually a response of fight or flight, where these hormones get ready to handle the body’s reaction, and when this happens properly, it yields stress. Stress occurs through all age groups across every ethnicity and population, as the functioning of the mind is very similar. Managing this emerging stress and anxiety condition could be done through the easy way of the modern system of medicine, allopathy. Alternatively, the traditional method comes in handy to maintain such a condition with hardly any long-term side effects. A few conventional techniques like the practice of yoga, support of the proper nutrients, and certain medicinal herbs are bent to see a change in the perspective of coping mechanisms that results in a stress-free environment within the human mind. Many patterns of practices are noticed that there are specific nutrients and supplements formulated with medicinal herbs with significant pharmacological properties and the ancient activity of yoga aid in stress management. Using and practicing regularly can help in an integrated caliber of living. This review article sheds information and collation on such significant medicinal herbs, nutrients, and renounced practices of yoga that play together in the balance of the human body to overcome the distress of the mind. Many studies have noticed that medicinal herbs, nutrients, and specific yogic asanas help handle stress and anxiety, giving a holistic living pattern.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"135 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49479968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_200_22
P. Pradhan
{"title":"Twin gestation with abnormal placental cord insertion associated with poor outcome","authors":"P. Pradhan","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_200_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_200_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"164 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47642993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nigeria was recently congratulated for successfully eradicating wild poliovirus, but this does not mean that all under five years children are fully vaccinated. The country was encouraged to sustain regular vaccination to prevent mortality among children under five. This study explores mothers’ characteristics associated with the immunization status of children under five in northern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six states in northern Nigeria among mothers/caregivers with under-five children. A multistage random sampling technique was employed using a structured questionnaire to collect data. Data collected were inputted into were analyzed using IBM-SPSS, version 25.0. Results: Of the 3511 children whose mothers were interviewed in this study, 1838 (52.3%) were males, whereas 1673 (47.7%) were females. Children older than 3 years were adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 7.432 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.585–9.889; P < 0.001) times, 31–40 months were AOR 7.285 (95% CI, 5.430–9.773; P < 0.001) times, 21–30 months were AOR 5.084 (95% CI, 3.993–6.474; P < 0.001) times, and those aged 11–20 months were AOR 4.312 (95% CI, 3.525–5.275; P < 0.001) more likely to be fully vaccinated than children aged 10 months and below. Women over 50 years were 3.904 times more likely to have fully vaccinated their children than women aged 20 and below. Mothers with Quranic education (P = 0.004) were 1.503 times more likely to fully immunize their child(ren) than mothers with tertiary education. Conclusion: It is recommended that the government support ongoing campaigns and enlightenment programs on the benefits of full immunization through healthcare professionals and intervention programs.
{"title":"Mother’s characteristics and immunization status of under-five children in Northern Nigeria","authors":"AliJohnson Onoja, FelixOlaniyi Sanni, JamesDele Babarinde, SheilaIye Onoja, ModupeTabitha Babarinde","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_162_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_162_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nigeria was recently congratulated for successfully eradicating wild poliovirus, but this does not mean that all under five years children are fully vaccinated. The country was encouraged to sustain regular vaccination to prevent mortality among children under five. This study explores mothers’ characteristics associated with the immunization status of children under five in northern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six states in northern Nigeria among mothers/caregivers with under-five children. A multistage random sampling technique was employed using a structured questionnaire to collect data. Data collected were inputted into were analyzed using IBM-SPSS, version 25.0. Results: Of the 3511 children whose mothers were interviewed in this study, 1838 (52.3%) were males, whereas 1673 (47.7%) were females. Children older than 3 years were adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 7.432 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.585–9.889; P < 0.001) times, 31–40 months were AOR 7.285 (95% CI, 5.430–9.773; P < 0.001) times, 21–30 months were AOR 5.084 (95% CI, 3.993–6.474; P < 0.001) times, and those aged 11–20 months were AOR 4.312 (95% CI, 3.525–5.275; P < 0.001) more likely to be fully vaccinated than children aged 10 months and below. Women over 50 years were 3.904 times more likely to have fully vaccinated their children than women aged 20 and below. Mothers with Quranic education (P = 0.004) were 1.503 times more likely to fully immunize their child(ren) than mothers with tertiary education. Conclusion: It is recommended that the government support ongoing campaigns and enlightenment programs on the benefits of full immunization through healthcare professionals and intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_108_23
SyedM Danish Qaseem, NitinP Ghonge, Sanchita Dube
Peritoneal inclusion cysts (PICs) are well-known medical conditions typically observed in the female pelvis, with occasional occurrences in males. These cysts can present with diverse imaging characteristics, sometimes resembling other adnexal masses in the female pelvis. However, establishing a confident diagnosis of a PIC relies on the correlation between imaging findings and the patient’s medical history and clinical presentation. This review explores the underlying causes and various imaging features of PICs. It also discusses distinguishing them from other adnexal pathologies using different imaging techniques, as accurate diagnosis is crucial for ruling out malignancy and avoiding unnecessary medical interventions.
{"title":"Imaging features of peritoneal inclusion cysts","authors":"SyedM Danish Qaseem, NitinP Ghonge, Sanchita Dube","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_108_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_108_23","url":null,"abstract":"Peritoneal inclusion cysts (PICs) are well-known medical conditions typically observed in the female pelvis, with occasional occurrences in males. These cysts can present with diverse imaging characteristics, sometimes resembling other adnexal masses in the female pelvis. However, establishing a confident diagnosis of a PIC relies on the correlation between imaging findings and the patient’s medical history and clinical presentation. This review explores the underlying causes and various imaging features of PICs. It also discusses distinguishing them from other adnexal pathologies using different imaging techniques, as accurate diagnosis is crucial for ruling out malignancy and avoiding unnecessary medical interventions.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_115_23
Sarbari Dasgupta, Sulagna Ray
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-recognized metabolic condition requiring patients to know its associated risks. Embracing a healthy lifestyle can play a vital role in mitigating the potential for adverse health outcomes and increasing overall well-being. Objective: In this study, researchers examined the level of awareness concerning lifestyle risks, as well as knowledge and practices related to diabetes management, among patients residing in both urban and rural areas of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: The study randomly selected 86 participants from both urban and rural areas who were visiting the endocrinology outpatient department of a hospital in Kolkata. Data for the analysis were exclusively obtained through a questionnaire survey. Results: The correlation matrix analysis uncovered significant positive relationships (P < 0.05) among various parameters, offering valuable insights into lifestyle risks associated with diabetes and potential preventive measures for this condition. In the urban patient group, principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that DM-related knowledge explained approximately 46.36% of the total variation in principal component 1 (PC1), showing favorable associations with other parameters. Conversely, for the rural patients, PCA revealed that lifestyle management practices accounted for approximately 50.55% of the total variation in PC1, with relatively higher favorable associations with other parameters. Conclusion: This study investigated the influence of lifestyle risk factors and self-management parameters, including knowledge and practices, on managing DM among patients residing in urban and rural areas. The findings revealed that patients in urban areas had a higher awareness level than those in rural areas. Importantly, this study is the first to establish an association between parameters related to PCA concerning lifestyle risk knowledge and management practices.
{"title":"A study examining the level of awareness regarding lifestyle risks and management practices among diabetes patients in Eastern India","authors":"Sarbari Dasgupta, Sulagna Ray","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_115_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_115_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-recognized metabolic condition requiring patients to know its associated risks. Embracing a healthy lifestyle can play a vital role in mitigating the potential for adverse health outcomes and increasing overall well-being. Objective: In this study, researchers examined the level of awareness concerning lifestyle risks, as well as knowledge and practices related to diabetes management, among patients residing in both urban and rural areas of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: The study randomly selected 86 participants from both urban and rural areas who were visiting the endocrinology outpatient department of a hospital in Kolkata. Data for the analysis were exclusively obtained through a questionnaire survey. Results: The correlation matrix analysis uncovered significant positive relationships (P < 0.05) among various parameters, offering valuable insights into lifestyle risks associated with diabetes and potential preventive measures for this condition. In the urban patient group, principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that DM-related knowledge explained approximately 46.36% of the total variation in principal component 1 (PC1), showing favorable associations with other parameters. Conversely, for the rural patients, PCA revealed that lifestyle management practices accounted for approximately 50.55% of the total variation in PC1, with relatively higher favorable associations with other parameters. Conclusion: This study investigated the influence of lifestyle risk factors and self-management parameters, including knowledge and practices, on managing DM among patients residing in urban and rural areas. The findings revealed that patients in urban areas had a higher awareness level than those in rural areas. Importantly, this study is the first to establish an association between parameters related to PCA concerning lifestyle risk knowledge and management practices.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136366983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_128_23
Jyotsna Choubey, Olaf Wolkenhauer, Tanushree Chatterjee
Background: This research aims to uncover gene signatures associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the sixth most prevalent cancer globally, constituting about 5% of all malignant tumors. The study focuses on biomarker screening and identifying therapeutic targets, addressing a significant global issue. Materials and Methods: The study involved a comprehensive analysis of publicly available gene expression datasets, namely GSE30784 and GSE74530. The researchers conducted gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses on genes that displayed differential expression (DEGs). They utilized the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery database to accomplish this. The String database also established a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. This network was visualized through Cytoscape, and further exploration was carried out using Molecular Complex Detection and CytoHubba plugins. These steps aimed to identify crucial hub genes and functional modules. Furthermore, the study investigated transcription factor-gene regulatory networks focusing on the identified hub genes. The researchers employed the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 tool to evaluate these hub genes’ expression levels and prognostic significance. Results: A comparison between OSCC and normal oral mucosa revealed 1210 DEGs across two databases. The obtained DEG list was cross-referenced with the DisGeNET disease database, identifying 205 potential DEG candidates. These DEGs exhibited enrichments in various biological functions, including angiogenesis, protein binding, focal adhesion, cell surface interactions, and extracellular matrix components. Among the enriched pathways, the interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways related to viral protein interactions showed significant enrichment. Further exploration involved extracting the top five hub genes from intricate PPI networks. These selected hub genes were subsequently verified in clinical samples, paving the way for subsequent in-depth analysis. Conclusion: In the study context, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8, IL-1beta, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 emerged as the leading hub genes linked to the IL-10 signaling pathway in OSCC. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the advancement of OSCC. However, it is essential to underscore that further research must validate these findings conclusively. The study’s outcomes have broadened our understanding of oral cancer’s molecular intricacies by identifying differentially expressed and pivotal hub genes. This newfound knowledge has the potential to catalyze the development of novel biomarkers, thereby enhancing the efficacy of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
背景:本研究旨在揭示与口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)相关的基因特征，OSCC是全球第六大常见癌症，约占所有恶性肿瘤的5%。该研究的重点是生物标志物筛选和确定治疗靶点，解决了一个重大的全球性问题。材料和方法:本研究对公开的基因表达数据集GSE30784和GSE74530进行了综合分析。研究人员对表现出差异表达的基因(DEGs)进行了基因本体(GO)和途径分析。他们利用了Database for Annotation、Visualization和Integrated Discovery数据库来实现这一目标。String数据库还建立了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络。该网络通过Cytoscape可视化，并使用Molecular Complex Detection和CytoHubba插件进行进一步的探索。这些步骤旨在确定关键的中心基因和功能模块。此外，该研究还研究了转录因子-基因调控网络，重点是鉴定的枢纽基因。研究人员使用基因表达谱交互分析2工具来评估这些中心基因的表达水平和预后意义。结果:OSCC与正常口腔黏膜的比较显示，两个数据库中有1210个deg。获得的DEG列表与DisGeNET疾病数据库交叉参考，确定205个潜在的DEG候选。这些deg表现出多种生物功能的富集，包括血管生成、蛋白质结合、局灶黏附、细胞表面相互作用和细胞外基质成分。在富集的信号通路中，与病毒蛋白相互作用相关的白介素(IL)-17和肿瘤坏死因子信号通路显著富集。进一步的探索包括从复杂的PPI网络中提取前五个中心基因。这些选定的中心基因随后在临床样本中得到验证，为随后的深入分析铺平了道路。结论:在本研究背景下，IL-6、趋化因子(C-C motif)配体2、C-X-C motif趋化因子配体8、il -1 β和前列腺素内过氧化物合酶2是与OSCC中IL-10信号通路相关的主要枢纽基因。这些发现为OSCC进展的潜在机制提供了有价值的见解。然而，必须强调的是，进一步的研究必须最终证实这些发现。该研究的结果通过识别差异表达和关键枢纽基因扩大了我们对口腔癌分子复杂性的理解。这一新发现有可能促进新的生物标志物的发展，从而提高诊断和治疗策略的有效性。
{"title":"Integrated systems biology approach to identify key candidate genes, signaling pathways and therapeutic targets of oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Jyotsna Choubey, Olaf Wolkenhauer, Tanushree Chatterjee","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_128_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_128_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research aims to uncover gene signatures associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the sixth most prevalent cancer globally, constituting about 5% of all malignant tumors. The study focuses on biomarker screening and identifying therapeutic targets, addressing a significant global issue. Materials and Methods: The study involved a comprehensive analysis of publicly available gene expression datasets, namely GSE30784 and GSE74530. The researchers conducted gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses on genes that displayed differential expression (DEGs). They utilized the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery database to accomplish this. The String database also established a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. This network was visualized through Cytoscape, and further exploration was carried out using Molecular Complex Detection and CytoHubba plugins. These steps aimed to identify crucial hub genes and functional modules. Furthermore, the study investigated transcription factor-gene regulatory networks focusing on the identified hub genes. The researchers employed the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 tool to evaluate these hub genes’ expression levels and prognostic significance. Results: A comparison between OSCC and normal oral mucosa revealed 1210 DEGs across two databases. The obtained DEG list was cross-referenced with the DisGeNET disease database, identifying 205 potential DEG candidates. These DEGs exhibited enrichments in various biological functions, including angiogenesis, protein binding, focal adhesion, cell surface interactions, and extracellular matrix components. Among the enriched pathways, the interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways related to viral protein interactions showed significant enrichment. Further exploration involved extracting the top five hub genes from intricate PPI networks. These selected hub genes were subsequently verified in clinical samples, paving the way for subsequent in-depth analysis. Conclusion: In the study context, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8, IL-1beta, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 emerged as the leading hub genes linked to the IL-10 signaling pathway in OSCC. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the advancement of OSCC. However, it is essential to underscore that further research must validate these findings conclusively. The study’s outcomes have broadened our understanding of oral cancer’s molecular intricacies by identifying differentially expressed and pivotal hub genes. This newfound knowledge has the potential to catalyze the development of novel biomarkers, thereby enhancing the efficacy of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An imbalance in lifestyle often leads to various prevailing health conditions. For the human body to function efficiently requires overall balance and stability. Unhealthy lifestyle factors are often associated with lifestyle disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is characterized by an immune system response affecting the skeletal system, leading to joint dysfunction, inflammation, and pain. However, this condition can also impact other areas of the body. Combatting RA involves using specific nutrients that aid in symptom control and overall management of the condition. By consuming these nutrients in appropriate amounts from suitable sources, it becomes possible to alleviate symptoms and manage the illness effectively. Alongside nutrient intake, lifestyle management is crucial in achieving positive outcomes. Proper nutrition and regular physical activity are effective in combating the disease. additionally, certain medicinal herbs have shown potential in alleviating symptoms and promoting overall health. This review paper sheds light on how nutrients, through lifestyle management, can effectively manage RA and contribute to the overall health and well-being of the human body.
{"title":"Nutrients combating rheumatoid arthritis: A review","authors":"Mani Thenmozhi, Saagarika Srinivasan, Jagadeesan Manjunathan, Ekambaram Gayathiri","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_153_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_153_23","url":null,"abstract":"An imbalance in lifestyle often leads to various prevailing health conditions. For the human body to function efficiently requires overall balance and stability. Unhealthy lifestyle factors are often associated with lifestyle disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is characterized by an immune system response affecting the skeletal system, leading to joint dysfunction, inflammation, and pain. However, this condition can also impact other areas of the body. Combatting RA involves using specific nutrients that aid in symptom control and overall management of the condition. By consuming these nutrients in appropriate amounts from suitable sources, it becomes possible to alleviate symptoms and manage the illness effectively. Alongside nutrient intake, lifestyle management is crucial in achieving positive outcomes. Proper nutrition and regular physical activity are effective in combating the disease. additionally, certain medicinal herbs have shown potential in alleviating symptoms and promoting overall health. This review paper sheds light on how nutrients, through lifestyle management, can effectively manage RA and contribute to the overall health and well-being of the human body.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"304 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_254_22
A. Samorekar, N. Sai Sarath, N. Manoj Kumar, S. Sweta, Praveen Kumar, S. Lakshminararyana
Objective: Otomycosis is a common fungal ear infection in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. This study aimed to perform mycological analysis on fungal debris from the external auditory canals of the patients to study the most common clinical presentation and fungal species distribution in otomycosis. Materials and Methods: Patients who met the inclusion criteria for this cross-sectional study were included and evaluated after providing written informed consent. After obtaining a thorough medical history, ear swabs for culture, sensitivity, and potassium hydroxide were provided. Patients with positive culture results were studied between September 2019 and March 2021. Results: Among 103 cases observed for 18 months in the Department of ENT, Rajarajeswari Medical College, and Hospital, Bengaluru, India, we found that males (56.31%) were more affected than females (43.68%). Itching (67.96%) was the most primary and common symptom that was observed, followed by pain (20.38%), and the most common predisposing factor was the usage of earbuds (26.21%) followed by water in the ear (23.3%) and oil in the ear (16.50%). Unilateral infection was most common (96%), and the left ear was most affected (64.07%). Aspergillus niger was the most common fungal isolate (60.19%), and otomycosis was very common in postmonsoon (October–December) (58.25%). Conclusion: The most frequent fungal isolates in otomycosis are from the Aspergillus and Candida species. The left ear was typically affected by otomycosis, which frequently had a unilateral predominance. The most common clinical symptoms were itching and pain.
{"title":"Clinical presentation and fungal species distribution in otomycosis in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"A. Samorekar, N. Sai Sarath, N. Manoj Kumar, S. Sweta, Praveen Kumar, S. Lakshminararyana","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_254_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_254_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Otomycosis is a common fungal ear infection in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. This study aimed to perform mycological analysis on fungal debris from the external auditory canals of the patients to study the most common clinical presentation and fungal species distribution in otomycosis. Materials and Methods: Patients who met the inclusion criteria for this cross-sectional study were included and evaluated after providing written informed consent. After obtaining a thorough medical history, ear swabs for culture, sensitivity, and potassium hydroxide were provided. Patients with positive culture results were studied between September 2019 and March 2021. Results: Among 103 cases observed for 18 months in the Department of ENT, Rajarajeswari Medical College, and Hospital, Bengaluru, India, we found that males (56.31%) were more affected than females (43.68%). Itching (67.96%) was the most primary and common symptom that was observed, followed by pain (20.38%), and the most common predisposing factor was the usage of earbuds (26.21%) followed by water in the ear (23.3%) and oil in the ear (16.50%). Unilateral infection was most common (96%), and the left ear was most affected (64.07%). Aspergillus niger was the most common fungal isolate (60.19%), and otomycosis was very common in postmonsoon (October–December) (58.25%). Conclusion: The most frequent fungal isolates in otomycosis are from the Aspergillus and Candida species. The left ear was typically affected by otomycosis, which frequently had a unilateral predominance. The most common clinical symptoms were itching and pain.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"56 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42802599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_163_22
Anita Minj, Deergha Pareek, Jasmita Satapathy, Pradeep K Panigrahi
Background: Chronic dacryocystitis is a constant menace to delicate ocular structures. If left untreated, it can lead to sight as well as life-threatening complications. However, such complications may be prevented by timely intervention along with appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. The objectives are to investigate the current bacterial community profile in adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis attending a referral eye care center in Odisha and to determine their drug susceptibility pattern to commonly used antimicrobial agents. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on 70 adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis. The discharge from the punctum was collected by doing a regurgitation test or lacrimal passage irrigation and sent for microbiological analysis. Results: Out of 70 samples collected, 54 (77.1%) samples showed bacterial growth after 24–48 h of incubation. Among various isolates recovered, 68.5% were gram-positive and 27.8% were gram-negative organisms. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most common isolate among gram-positive, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most common among gram-negative organisms. Among all drugs used in the susceptibility test; amikacin, piperacilin + tazobactam, and netilmycin were found to be most sensitive and cefixime, and amoxycilin + clavulinic acid was found to be most resistant to gram-positive as well as for gram-negative organisms. Conclusion: Knowledge about the microbiological profile and the drug susceptibility pattern responsible for chronic dacryocystitis in a geographical area is important and should be kept in mind while treating these patients.
{"title":"Clinicobacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of chronic dacryocystitis in adults","authors":"Anita Minj, Deergha Pareek, Jasmita Satapathy, Pradeep K Panigrahi","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_163_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_163_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic dacryocystitis is a constant menace to delicate ocular structures. If left untreated, it can lead to sight as well as life-threatening complications. However, such complications may be prevented by timely intervention along with appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. The objectives are to investigate the current bacterial community profile in adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis attending a referral eye care center in Odisha and to determine their drug susceptibility pattern to commonly used antimicrobial agents. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on 70 adult patients with chronic dacryocystitis. The discharge from the punctum was collected by doing a regurgitation test or lacrimal passage irrigation and sent for microbiological analysis. Results: Out of 70 samples collected, 54 (77.1%) samples showed bacterial growth after 24–48 h of incubation. Among various isolates recovered, 68.5% were gram-positive and 27.8% were gram-negative organisms. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most common isolate among gram-positive, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most common among gram-negative organisms. Among all drugs used in the susceptibility test; amikacin, piperacilin + tazobactam, and netilmycin were found to be most sensitive and cefixime, and amoxycilin + clavulinic acid was found to be most resistant to gram-positive as well as for gram-negative organisms. Conclusion: Knowledge about the microbiological profile and the drug susceptibility pattern responsible for chronic dacryocystitis in a geographical area is important and should be kept in mind while treating these patients.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"24 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43162176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olubunmi Amoo, O. Abiodun, F. Sanni, J. Samuels, P. Okonkwo
Background: Men with sex with men (MSM) may face obstacles in accessing culturally competent and quality healthcare services since current medical practice does not often promote discussing sexual habits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further affected this group. This study assessed the impacts of COVID-19 and the general challenges of MSM in Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was a quantitative cross-sectional survey conducted across three geopolitical zones of Benue State using a multistage cluster sampling method to collect data from MSM. The data collected were analyzed using IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp., Armonk, New York. Result: More than half (59.2%) of respondents said they were not denied healthcare services, and 78.4% were not afraid to seek them. Most (88%) were comfortable seeking medical help, and 61.6% did not experience stigmatization from healthcare providers. Many (68.0%) were not exposed to violence after sharing their status with healthcare providers. About half (50.4%) said COVID-19 did not affect their general quality of life. Over half (51.2%) said there was a decline in access to resources like food and money during the pandemic, 49.6% experienced difficulties accessing HIV testing, and 52.0% could not access PrEP. More than half (53.6%) reported challenges getting viral load or other laboratory tests, but 57.5% had no trouble getting HIV medication prescriptions. Conclusion: The Federal Government, and the Ministry of Health, Nigeria, should support intervention programs, peer educators, and outreach workers providing services to MSM.
背景:男男性行为者(MSM)在获得文化上合格和高质量的保健服务方面可能面临障碍，因为目前的医疗实践通常不提倡讨论性习惯。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行进一步影响了这一群体。本研究评估了2019冠状病毒病的影响以及尼日利亚贝努埃州男同性恋者面临的一般挑战。材料和方法:本研究是一项定量横断面调查，在贝努埃州的三个地缘政治区域进行，采用多阶段整群抽样方法收集男男性行为者的数据。收集的数据使用IBM- statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM- spss) version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp.， Armonk, New York进行分析。结果:超过一半(59.2%)的受访者表示他们没有被拒绝医疗服务，78.4%的受访者表示他们不害怕寻求医疗服务。大多数人(88%)愿意寻求医疗帮助，61.6%的人没有受到医疗服务提供者的污名化。许多人(68.0%)在与卫生保健提供者分享其状况后没有遭受暴力。约一半(50.4%)的人表示，新冠肺炎没有影响他们的总体生活质量。超过一半(51.2%)的人表示，在大流行期间，获得食物和金钱等资源的机会减少了，49.6%的人在获得艾滋病毒检测方面遇到了困难，52.0%的人无法获得PrEP。超过一半(53.6%)的人报告在进行病毒载量或其他实验室检测方面遇到了挑战，但57.5%的人在获得艾滋病毒药物处方方面没有问题。结论:尼日利亚联邦政府和卫生部应支持干预方案、同伴教育者和向男男性行为者提供服务的外展工作者。
{"title":"Challenges and impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on men that have sex with men in accessing healthcare services in Nigeria","authors":"Olubunmi Amoo, O. Abiodun, F. Sanni, J. Samuels, P. Okonkwo","doi":"10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgmj.mgmj_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Men with sex with men (MSM) may face obstacles in accessing culturally competent and quality healthcare services since current medical practice does not often promote discussing sexual habits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further affected this group. This study assessed the impacts of COVID-19 and the general challenges of MSM in Benue State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was a quantitative cross-sectional survey conducted across three geopolitical zones of Benue State using a multistage cluster sampling method to collect data from MSM. The data collected were analyzed using IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) version 25.0 for Windows IBM Corp., Armonk, New York. Result: More than half (59.2%) of respondents said they were not denied healthcare services, and 78.4% were not afraid to seek them. Most (88%) were comfortable seeking medical help, and 61.6% did not experience stigmatization from healthcare providers. Many (68.0%) were not exposed to violence after sharing their status with healthcare providers. About half (50.4%) said COVID-19 did not affect their general quality of life. Over half (51.2%) said there was a decline in access to resources like food and money during the pandemic, 49.6% experienced difficulties accessing HIV testing, and 52.0% could not access PrEP. More than half (53.6%) reported challenges getting viral load or other laboratory tests, but 57.5% had no trouble getting HIV medication prescriptions. Conclusion: The Federal Government, and the Ministry of Health, Nigeria, should support intervention programs, peer educators, and outreach workers providing services to MSM.","PeriodicalId":52587,"journal":{"name":"MGM Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"94 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46465975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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