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Surveying the relation between the means of infant feeding and motor development in Hungary 调查匈牙利婴儿喂养方式与运动发育之间的关系
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00012
M. Kádár, G. Szőllősi, S. Molnár, L. Kardos, L. Szabó
Understanding the role of nutrition in the development of children’s physical, mental, and motor abilities.Examination of visiting nurse reports on feeding habits and perceived developmental delays in infants at 1 year of age between 2010 and 2015.Between 0 and 6 months of age the lowest number of new cases (4.4/100,000) identified by health screenings can be anticipated among the infants feeding exclusively with breastmilk. We find a similarly low number of identifiable new cases among infants nourished with breastmilk where it is mixed with other nutrients (4.7 new cases) while the most cases of delayed motor development can be anticipated among infants nourished with infant formulae (48.4 new cases).The role of nutrition in infants’ motor development is vital, especially breastfeeding. Regular health status checks of infants are inevitably required for the adoption of higher-level health-policy decisions which may induce projects, programmes, and strategies aimed at the improvement of health. Thorough documentation and continuous collection of the pertinent data is likewise requisite.
了解营养在儿童身体、智力和运动能力发展中的作用。对2010年至2015年间1岁婴儿喂养习惯和感知发育迟缓的访问护士报告的检查在0至6个月大的婴儿中,通过健康检查发现的新病例数最低(4.4/100 000),可以预期是纯母乳喂养的婴儿。我们发现,在母乳与其他营养物质混合喂养的婴儿中,可识别的新病例数量同样较少(4.7例新病例),而在婴儿配方奶粉喂养的婴儿中,可以预期大多数运动发育迟缓病例(48.4例新病例)。营养在婴儿运动发育中的作用是至关重要的,尤其是母乳喂养。为了通过更高一级的卫生政策决定,不可避免地需要定期检查婴儿的健康状况,这些决定可能促成旨在改善健康的项目、方案和战略。详尽的文档和持续收集相关数据也是必要的。
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引用次数: 1
Optic nerve avulsion: A case report 视神经撕脱1例
Pub Date : 2021-03-11 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00013
A. Gyenes, Gábor L Sándor, B. Csákány, Z. Récsán, G. Rudas, Z. Nagy, E. Maka
A case of a 13-year-old girl after being injured on the left eyeball by a stick from a cage, is presented. Along vitreous haemorrhage, retinal oedema and ischaemia, the disc was replaced by a cavity. Multimodal imaging was performed, which confirmed the optic nerve damage. The eye had no light perception anymore. Our case is a demonstration for complete avulsion of the optic nerve after blunt injury.
一个13岁的女孩在被笼子里的棍子打伤左眼球后,提出了一个案例。沿玻璃体出血,视网膜水肿和缺血,椎间盘被一个腔所取代。多模态影像学证实视神经损伤。眼睛再也不能感知光线了。我们的病例是一个证明视神经完全撕脱伤后钝性损伤。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, awareness, and usage of probiotics among Hungarian adults: An explorative survey 匈牙利成年人中益生菌的知识、意识和使用:一项探索性调查
Pub Date : 2020-11-19 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00010
L. Havelda, Z. Bencz, M. Bálint
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of probiotic products in Hungary, to explore consumers' knowledge of probiotics, and to gain information about the main characteristics of current usage.The research used a self-developed explorative questionnaire to obtain the necessary information. The data collected was further analysed with IBM SPSS 25.0 and Microsoft Office Excel.Nearly three-quarters of respondents (73.9%) have used probiotics in their life. Those who have already used these products, mostly heard about them from doctors (62.8%) and friends/relatives (40.5%), while among non-users the main sources of information were web pages (46.8%) and commercials (45.2%).We found several differences between users and non-users in terms of probiotics awareness. Consequently, healthcare providers may play an important role in the process of careful product choice and proper usage.
本研究的目的是评估匈牙利益生菌产品的使用情况,探索消费者对益生菌的认识,并获得有关当前使用情况的主要特征的信息。本研究采用自行开发的探索性问卷来获取必要的信息。采用IBM SPSS 25.0和Microsoft Office Excel对收集的数据进行分析。近四分之三(73.9%)的受访者在生活中使用过益生菌。已经使用过这些产品的人主要是从医生(62.8%)和朋友/亲戚(40.5%)那里听说的,而未使用过这些产品的人主要是通过网页(46.8%)和广告(45.2%)获得的信息。我们发现用户和非用户在益生菌意识方面存在一些差异。因此,医疗保健提供者可能在谨慎的产品选择和正确使用的过程中发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 3
Erratum: The relationship between daily physical activity, subjective sleep quality, and mood in sedentary Hungarian adults: A longitudinal within-subjects study 勘误:久坐的匈牙利成年人的日常体力活动、主观睡眠质量和情绪之间的关系:一项纵向研究
Pub Date : 2020-11-19 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2019.200
J. Takács, Ľ. Török
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of a Hungarian peer education handwashing programme in primary and secondary schools 匈牙利中小学同伴教育洗手方案的有效性
Pub Date : 2020-11-19 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00011
Z. Molnár, L. Varga, G. Gyenes, Á. Lehotsky, E. Gradvohl, Á. Lukács, R. Füzi, A. Gézsi, András Falus, H. J. Feith
Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of communicable diseases. The aim of our study was to analyse and compare children's knowledge and skills in hand hygiene before and after school interventions in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our peer education programme.In our longitudinal study, short- and long-term changes in the knowledge, hand-washing skills and health behaviour of 224 lower, upper and secondary school students were assessed. Our measurements were performed with a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire and the Semmelweis Scanner.As a result of the intervention, the proportion of correct answers increased significantly both in the short term and in the long run compared to the input measurements, but age differences did not disappear for most variables. There is a difference in the process of learning theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Areas not used for handwashing in the paediatric population are different from those described for adults in the literature. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of the right and left hands.There was a significant positive change in both theory and practice of handwashing. In education, emphasis should also be put on long-term retention of theoretical knowledge in age-specific health promotion programmes within the paediatric population.
正确洗手有助于预防传染病的传播。我们研究的目的是分析和比较儿童在学校干预前后的手卫生知识和技能,以评估我们的同伴教育计划的有效性。在我们的纵向研究中,对224名中小学生在知识、洗手技能和健康行为方面的短期和长期变化进行了评估。我们的测量是通过自我管理的匿名问卷和Semmelweis扫描仪进行的。作为干预的结果,与输入测量相比,正确答案的比例在短期和长期内都显着增加,但大多数变量的年龄差异并未消失。在学习理论知识和实践技能的过程中是有区别的。儿科人群不用于洗手的区域与文献中描述的成人不同。右手和左手的平均得分没有显著差异。洗手的理论和实践都发生了显著的积极变化。在教育方面,还应强调在儿科人口中长期保留针对特定年龄的健康促进方案的理论知识。
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引用次数: 1
Indications for ocular evisceration and orbital implant related complications in a tertiary eye hospital in Hungary over an 11-year period 匈牙利一家三级眼科医院11年来眼摘除和眼窝植入物相关并发症的适应症
Pub Date : 2020-11-18 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00008
G. Tóth, N. Szentmáry, Gábor L Sándor, B. Csákány, Z. Antus, M. T. Pluzsik, O. Lukáts, Z. Nagy
Our aims were to evaluate the primary and clinical evisceration indications and to analyse orbital implant related complications.We included in our retrospective review all eviscerations between 2006 and 2016 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Primary evisceration indications were classified into six groups: trauma, surgical diseases, infections or inflammations, systemic diseases, tumours and unclassifiable diseases. Clinical immediate evisceration indications were also classified into six groups: painful blind eye due to glaucoma, atrophia/phthisis bulbi, endophthalmitis, cosmetic reasons, acute trauma and expulsive bleeding.Evisceration was performed in 46 eyes of 46 patients (54.3% males, age 43.0 ± 18.6 years). The most common primary evisceration indications were trauma (37%), surgical diseases (34.8%), infection or inflammation (10.9%), systemic diseases (6.5%), tumours (8.7%) and unclassifiable diseases (2.2%). Painful blind eye due to glaucoma (34.8%) was the most common clinical indication for evisceration, followed by atrophia/phthisis bulbi (26.1%), endophthalmitis (17.4%), cosmetic reasons (13.0%), acute trauma (6.5%) and expulsive bleeding (2.2%). After evisceration, 91.3% of the patients received orbital implant and during 26.8±28.9 months follow-up implant related complications were found in 14.3% of the cases, including implant extrusion (4.8%), partial wound dehiscence (4.8%), implant exposure (2.4%) and orbital inflammation (2.4%).Painful blind eye and atrophia/phthisis bulbi due to ocular trauma and surgical diseases represent the most common indications for ocular evisceration. If malignant intraocular tumours can be excluded, evisceration surgery combined with a silicon-based orbital implant is a safe and effective procedure.
我们的目的是评估眼眶内植体的主要和临床适应症,并分析眼眶内植体相关的并发症。我们纳入了2006年至2016年在匈牙利布达佩斯Semmelweis大学眼学系进行的所有内脏切除手术。主要的内脏切除指征分为六组:创伤、外科疾病、感染或炎症、全身性疾病、肿瘤和无法分类的疾病。临床即刻摘除指征分为青光眼致痛盲眼、萎缩/球疱炎、眼内炎、美容原因、急性外伤和排出性出血6组。46例患者共46只眼,其中男性54.3%,年龄(43.0±18.6岁)。最常见的主要内脏切除指征是外伤(37%)、外科疾病(34.8%)、感染或炎症(10.9%)、全身性疾病(6.5%)、肿瘤(8.7%)和无法分类的疾病(2.2%)。青光眼致痛盲(34.8%)是最常见的内脏切除临床指征,其次是萎缩/球炎(26.1%)、眼内炎(17.4%)、美容原因(13.0%)、急性外伤(6.5%)和排出性出血(2.2%)。术后91.3%的患者接受眶内种植,随访26.8±28.9个月,14.3%的患者出现种植体相关并发症,包括种植体挤压(4.8%)、创面部分裂开(4.8%)、种植体外露(2.4%)和眶内炎症(2.4%)。眼外伤和外科疾病引起的疼痛性失明和萎缩/球疱炎是眼球摘除的最常见适应症。如果恶性眼内肿瘤可以排除,内脏切除手术结合硅基眶内植入是一种安全有效的手术。
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引用次数: 0
Anatomical changes of the thoracic vertebrae in asymptomatic individuals – A cross-sectional study 无症状个体胸椎解剖改变-横断面研究
Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00007
T. Valasek, E. Vago, Zs. Danielisz, M. Babka, E. Kovács
The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to examine the degree of degenerative patho-anatomical changes in the thoracic vertebrae in asymptomatic adult patients.A total of 150 adult patients were examined with computed tomography (CT) because of various health conditions (e.g., tumour risk). The images were revised with post-processing procedures to detect bony changes in the thoracic vertebrae. Three types of degenerations (osteophytes, arthrosis, and irregular endplates) were examined and graded using appropriate grading systems. Correlational investigations were carried out in relation to age, BMI, and degenerations. Moreover, to examine the value of the degenerations the frequencies of the grading categories were assessed in each segment.The total number of the patients included was 41, who had no trunk symptoms. We found no convincing correlations in terms of age, BMI, and degenerations, however, age and facet joint arthrosis showed a tentative association. The degree of the degenerations was the largest in the Th7-8, Th8-9, Th9-10 segments for osteophytes, in the Th4-5, Th5-6 for arthrosis, and in the Th8-9, Th9-10 for irregular endplates.This study found that there are several progressive degenerative changes in the thoracic spine without any clinical symptoms. Accordingly, it can be advised that clinicians should avoid labelling the disorders and planning their treatment based on the results of diagnostic imaging only.
本横断面研究的目的是检查无症状成年患者胸椎退行性病理解剖改变的程度。由于各种健康状况(如肿瘤风险),共对150名成年患者进行了计算机断层扫描(CT)检查。通过后处理程序对图像进行修改,以检测胸椎的骨变化。检查三种类型的退行性变(骨赘、关节病和不规则终板),并使用适当的分级系统进行分级。进行了与年龄、BMI和退行性变相关的调查。此外,为了检验退化的价值,评估了每个片段中分级类别的频率。共纳入41例无躯干症状的患者。我们没有发现年龄、BMI和退行性变之间有令人信服的相关性,然而,年龄和小关节关节病表现出初步的相关性。骨赘的Th7-8、Th8-9、Th9-10节段退变程度最大,关节病的Th4-5、Th5-6节段退变程度最大,不规则终板的Th8-9、Th9-10节段退变程度最大。本研究发现胸椎有几种进行性退行性改变,无任何临床症状。因此,可以建议临床医生避免仅根据诊断成像结果标记疾病和计划治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Brave new world an update on COVID-19 pandemic – A review 美丽新世界:COVID-19大流行的最新情况-综述
Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00009
K. Gadó, G. Domján, Z. Nagy
Epidemics and pandemics have happened throughout the history of mankind. Before the end of the 20th century, scientific progress successfully eradicated several of the pathogens. While no one has to be afraid of smallpox anymore, there are some new pathogens that have never caused human disease before. Coronaviruses are a family of enveloped RNA viruses. In the 21st century, three of them have caused serious pandemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in 2012. In 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has destroyed hundreds of thousands of lives and continues to rage.
流行病和大流行在人类历史上时有发生。在20世纪末之前,科学进步成功地消灭了几种病原体。虽然没有人再害怕天花了,但有一些新的病原体以前从未引起过人类疾病。冠状病毒是一类包膜RNA病毒。在21世纪,其中三种造成了严重的流行病,包括2002年的严重急性呼吸系统综合症和2012年的中东呼吸系统综合症。2019年,严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)引发的冠状病毒病-19 (COVID-19)大流行已经摧毁了数十万人的生命,并继续肆虐。
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引用次数: 0
2nd and 3rd Comparative Health Sciences Symposia 第二届和第三届比较健康科学专题讨论会
Pub Date : 2020-10-31 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00003
K. Lenti
Nutrition, health, and ageing
营养、健康和老龄化
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引用次数: 0
Review of the ophthalmic symptoms of preeclampsia 子痫前期的眼部症状综述
Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.1556/2066.2020.00005
Z. Nagy
Preeclampsia is a severe, sometimes life-threatening complication of pathological pregnancies. The incidence of neonatal morbidity and mortality is usually increased. Besides general maternal symptoms like hemolysis, low platelet number, elevated liver enzyme level, proteinuria, cardiovascular problems, neurological and cerebral complications, serious ophthalmic symptoms might occur. These include focal or generalized narrowing of the arterioles, flame-shaped retinal haemorrhages, and cotton-wool spots. Rarely, disc swelling, exudative retinal detachment, cystoid macular edema, bilateral occipital lobe infarction, or cortical blindness might occur. In this article, I review the retinal and macular changes, retinal detachment, and the cause of blindness. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows ophthalmologists to diagnose early and late changes in choroid vasculature and circulation, and consequent retinal morphological changes. Spectral-domain OCT and enhanced depth imaging provide important insight and possible prognosis for the course of the disease. After termination of the pathological pregnancy, vision returns to normal in most cases; unfortunately, there are some exceptions.
子痫前期是一种严重的,有时危及生命的病理性妊娠并发症。新生儿发病率和死亡率通常会增加。除了溶血、血小板数低、肝酶水平升高、蛋白尿、心血管问题、神经和脑并发症等一般产妇症状外,还可能出现严重的眼部症状。这些包括局灶性或全身性小动脉狭窄、火焰状视网膜出血和棉絮斑。极少发生椎间盘肿胀、渗出性视网膜脱离、囊样黄斑水肿、双侧枕叶梗死或皮质性失明。在这篇文章中,我回顾了视网膜和黄斑的变化,视网膜脱离,以及失明的原因。光学相干断层扫描(OCT)允许眼科医生诊断脉络膜血管和循环的早期和晚期变化,以及随之而来的视网膜形态学变化。光谱域OCT和增强深度成像为疾病的进程提供了重要的见解和可能的预后。病理性妊娠终止后,多数视力恢复正常;不幸的是,也有一些例外。
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引用次数: 3
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Developments in Health Sciences
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