The aim of this study is to present a situation assessment within the framework of a comprehensive study of the social services for people with mental illness in Hungary. After setting the historical background, we describe in detail the current services, their anomalies, and the ongoing implementation of a strategy to deinstitutionalize them. We reviewed the related academic literature and systematically collected and elaborated upon legal documents, decisions, and data from national databases. We established that a paradigm shift is taking place in the social care of people with mental disorders in Hungary. The lack of human resources, the paternalistic, institution-centered attitude, the mass supply of social services in dilapidated buildings, and the stigmatization of patients are among the greatest problems. Cooperation between the health and social sectors is inadequate and, in the interests of patients, needs to be improved. Hungary needs a complex, integrated, health-and-social-care supply system for people living with mental illness, one that takes into account both personal needs and assistance to recovery. In the continuation of the deinstitutionalization process, emphasis should be placed on social sensitization.
{"title":"The care of people living with mental illness in the Hungarian social care system: The process of deinstitutionalization and the phenomenon of stigmatization","authors":"A. Ács, E. Molnár, G. Molnár, Z. Balogh","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2019.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2019.001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study is to present a situation assessment within the framework of a comprehensive study of the social services for people with mental illness in Hungary. After setting the historical background, we describe in detail the current services, their anomalies, and the ongoing implementation of a strategy to deinstitutionalize them.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We reviewed the related academic literature and systematically collected and elaborated upon legal documents, decisions, and data from national databases.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We established that a paradigm shift is taking place in the social care of people with mental disorders in Hungary. The lack of human resources, the paternalistic, institution-centered attitude, the mass supply of social services in dilapidated buildings, and the stigmatization of patients are among the greatest problems. Cooperation between the health and social sectors is inadequate and, in the interests of patients, needs to be improved.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hungary needs a complex, integrated, health-and-social-care supply system for people living with mental illness, one that takes into account both personal needs and assistance to recovery. In the continuation of the deinstitutionalization process, emphasis should be placed on social sensitization.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76091150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) showing progression in spite of maximal local antiglaucomatous therapy. Patients with progressive POAG received CLASS treatment. We performed CLASS on 15 eyes (eight males and seven females). The primary endpoint was the change in the intraocular pressure (IOP), and additionally best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), C/D ratio (cup-to-disc), as well as use of antiglaucomatous drops were also investigated. Following the preoperative assessment, measurements were performed at 6-month follow-up. The average preoperative IOP was 26.13 ± 6.79 mmHg that dropped to 9.57 ± 4.09 mmHg at 1 day. IOP was stable at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The BSCVA decreased to the 1-day and 1-week follow-up but returned to its original value to the 1-month check-up. Preoperatively, all patients were on maximal antiglaucoma drop therapy, after CLASS none of the patients needed antiglaucomatous treatment at 1 month. However, at 3 months, one of them needed antiglaucoma drops. C/D ratio showed non-significant changes. CLASS procedure was found to be effective in decreasing IOP in POAG patients whose IOP was not compensated with maximal antiglaucomatous local therapy; patients needed significantly less local therapy following the CO2 laser surgery.
{"title":"Results of CO2 laser-assisted sclerotomy surgery (CLASS procedures) in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma","authors":"Z. Nagy, M. Bausz, Kinga Kránitz, Huba J. M. Kiss","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) showing progression in spite of maximal local antiglaucomatous therapy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Patients with progressive POAG received CLASS treatment. We performed CLASS on 15 eyes (eight males and seven females). The primary endpoint was the change in the intraocular pressure (IOP), and additionally best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), C/D ratio (cup-to-disc), as well as use of antiglaucomatous drops were also investigated. Following the preoperative assessment, measurements were performed at 6-month follow-up.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The average preoperative IOP was 26.13 ± 6.79 mmHg that dropped to 9.57 ± 4.09 mmHg at 1 day. IOP was stable at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The BSCVA decreased to the 1-day and 1-week follow-up but returned to its original value to the 1-month check-up. Preoperatively, all patients were on maximal antiglaucoma drop therapy, after CLASS none of the patients needed antiglaucomatous treatment at 1 month. However, at 3 months, one of them needed antiglaucoma drops. C/D ratio showed non-significant changes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 CLASS procedure was found to be effective in decreasing IOP in POAG patients whose IOP was not compensated with maximal antiglaucomatous local therapy; patients needed significantly less local therapy following the CO2 laser surgery.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80279561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Vargay, Zsuzsa Kaló, O. Zsigmond, E. Józsa, T. Thurzó, G. Kober, É. Bányai
The effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques with breast cancer patients has been extensively studied; however, there is limited information available on subjective experiences of patients. The aim of this study was to establish a category system and describe the characteristics of patients’ subjective experiences in three different intervention groups: hypnosis, music, and special attention. Content analysis of short interviews after 21 sessions of intervention was conducted to examine and compare subjective experiences in hypnosis, music, and special attention. Two types of coding system were developed: Characteristics of Involvement (CI) and Intensity of Involvement (II). Based on CI, the most dominant subjective experience of breast cancer patients was the “Pleasant Somatic Experience.” Furthermore, “Visualisation of Symbols” was the most frequent in the hypnosis intervention. Based on II, most common experience of the special attention group was coded as “low intensity.” The frequencies of “low/high intensity” experiences were different between hypnosis and music interventions. “High intensity” was more dominant in hypnosis than music intervention. Both category systems may be reliable tools to examine patients’ subjective experience. Hypnosis as intervention can result in more extended subjective experiences in CI and II.
{"title":"Analysis of subjective experiences of breast cancer patients receiving hypnosis, music, or special attention, during chemotherapy treatment: A content analysis","authors":"A. Vargay, Zsuzsa Kaló, O. Zsigmond, E. Józsa, T. Thurzó, G. Kober, É. Bányai","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques with breast cancer patients has been extensively studied; however, there is limited information available on subjective experiences of patients. The aim of this study was to establish a category system and describe the characteristics of patients’ subjective experiences in three different intervention groups: hypnosis, music, and special attention.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Content analysis of short interviews after 21 sessions of intervention was conducted to examine and compare subjective experiences in hypnosis, music, and special attention. Two types of coding system were developed: Characteristics of Involvement (CI) and Intensity of Involvement (II).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Based on CI, the most dominant subjective experience of breast cancer patients was the “Pleasant Somatic Experience.” Furthermore, “Visualisation of Symbols” was the most frequent in the hypnosis intervention. Based on II, most common experience of the special attention group was coded as “low intensity.” The frequencies of “low/high intensity” experiences were different between hypnosis and music interventions. “High intensity” was more dominant in hypnosis than music intervention.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Both category systems may be reliable tools to examine patients’ subjective experience. Hypnosis as intervention can result in more extended subjective experiences in CI and II.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79190591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
É. Böszörményi, S. Nemeth, A. Fodor, K. Bakó, Dávid Vozik, Z. Csima, I. Barcs
The prevalence of invasive fungal diseases shows an increasing trend. Due to the frequent but unprofessional usage of antifungal medications, the fungi show decreasing susceptibility towards these agents and this trend may lead to the emergence of resistant pathogens. There is a great need to develop antifungal medications with new mechanisms. One of these options is to apply proteins with natural antifungal effects. The objective was to measure the antifungal efficacy of Xenorhabdus budapestensis in vitro on clinical Candida species (Candida albicans, Candida lusitaniae, Candida krusei, Candida kefyr, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata). Materials and methods: We defined the sensitivity of the Candida species towards antibiotics. We conducted agar diffusion tests with the cleaned biopreparation of X. budapestensis (100%) and its dilutions (80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%). Zones of inhibition were measured after 24, 48, and 96 hr. Most of the tested Candida species have shown sensitivity to the biopreparation and its 40% dilution. The area of the zones of inhibition did not decrease after several days. The most sensitive species was C. lusitaniae and the least sensitive was C. krusei. We assume that the proteins produced by X. budapestensis have antifungal effect, as the area of the zones of inhibition did not change.
{"title":"The antifungal effect of the biopreparation of Xenorhabdus budapestensis bacteria on some Candida species","authors":"É. Böszörményi, S. Nemeth, A. Fodor, K. Bakó, Dávid Vozik, Z. Csima, I. Barcs","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The prevalence of invasive fungal diseases shows an increasing trend. Due to the frequent but unprofessional usage of antifungal medications, the fungi show decreasing susceptibility towards these agents and this trend may lead to the emergence of resistant pathogens. There is a great need to develop antifungal medications with new mechanisms. One of these options is to apply proteins with natural antifungal effects. The objective was to measure the antifungal efficacy of Xenorhabdus budapestensis in vitro on clinical Candida species (Candida albicans, Candida lusitaniae, Candida krusei, Candida kefyr, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata). Materials and methods: We defined the sensitivity of the Candida species towards antibiotics. We conducted agar diffusion tests with the cleaned biopreparation of X. budapestensis (100%) and its dilutions (80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%). Zones of inhibition were measured after 24, 48, and 96 hr.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Most of the tested Candida species have shown sensitivity to the biopreparation and its 40% dilution. The area of the zones of inhibition did not decrease after several days. The most sensitive species was C. lusitaniae and the least sensitive was C. krusei.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We assume that the proteins produced by X. budapestensis have antifungal effect, as the area of the zones of inhibition did not change.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89660001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the past decade, novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) gained a significant role on the contemporary drug scene. Synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids are the most common NPSs both in Hungary and worldwide. This study aims to provide a literature review on the Hungarian characteristics related to the use of these NPSs. Available literature regarding synthetic cathinone and cannabinoid use in Hungary was overviewed and structured into (a) epidemiological studies, (b) studies on the subjective and somatic effects, and (c) studies on toxicity and adverse consequences. Published papers between 2007 and 2017 were identified using PubMed and MATARKA search engines. One hundred twenty-six papers were identified and after exclusion, 54 papers remained for in-depth analysis. Most of the reviewed studies were providing epidemiological information regarding the NPSs of our interest. Hungarian prevalence rates were not higher than the European averages. Identified risks of these NPSs consisted of drug-induced psychosis, further severe psychiatric symptoms, and fatal overdose. Injecting of cathinones was also a commonly reported phenomenon, mostly among clients of needle-exchange programs. Based on the reviewed body of research, necessary information is available to plan effective prevention and intervention programs and establishes specific therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of NPS users.
{"title":"Synthetic cannabinoid and synthetic cathinone use in Hungary: A literature review","authors":"M. Kapitány-Fövény, J. Rácz","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In the past decade, novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) gained a significant role on the contemporary drug scene. Synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids are the most common NPSs both in Hungary and worldwide. This study aims to provide a literature review on the Hungarian characteristics related to the use of these NPSs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Available literature regarding synthetic cathinone and cannabinoid use in Hungary was overviewed and structured into (a) epidemiological studies, (b) studies on the subjective and somatic effects, and (c) studies on toxicity and adverse consequences. Published papers between 2007 and 2017 were identified using PubMed and MATARKA search engines.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 One hundred twenty-six papers were identified and after exclusion, 54 papers remained for in-depth analysis. Most of the reviewed studies were providing epidemiological information regarding the NPSs of our interest. Hungarian prevalence rates were not higher than the European averages. Identified risks of these NPSs consisted of drug-induced psychosis, further severe psychiatric symptoms, and fatal overdose. Injecting of cathinones was also a commonly reported phenomenon, mostly among clients of needle-exchange programs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Based on the reviewed body of research, necessary information is available to plan effective prevention and intervention programs and establishes specific therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of NPS users.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75225230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"III Comparative Health Sciences Symposium: “Ageing in a human way”","authors":"","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75563567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the research is to assess the socioeconomic and sociocultural status of Hungarian nurses. In the research team working at the Department of Social Sciences, the Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, by 2015, the idea surfaced that it would be worthwhile to perform a complex socioeconomic and sociocultural study of this social group. We managed to have a sample representative of educational attainment and residence (N = 682). The survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire of 119 questions, 1,195 items, which was filled out in every county by nurses working in three areas: inpatient care, outpatient care, and general practitioner’s office. The analysed data indicate that nurses are recruited from the lower social strata. This background has a definitive impact on their future careers, both in an existential and in a cultural way. Nurses have persistently arrived from the same background in the past decades (Pearson’s R sig = .244), and have attained the same qualifications (Pearson’s R sig = .204). There is a remarkably significant disparity between the perceived real social situation and the desired social situation, which, on the one hand, explains the genesis and nature of social discontent, and on the other hand indicates the difficulties of solving the problem. Only 3.8% of nurses assess their own social prestige similar to that of the doctors’. The social position of the nurses shows multidimensional and multileveled status inconsistency. First and foremost, we can find a relatively low ascribed and an adequately low achieved social position. This is coupled with a social self-image that, alluding to different (mainly work-related) factors, holds a significantly higher social status as desired and acceptable.
{"title":"The structural components of the situation of nurses in Hungary","authors":"I. Vingender, N. Szalóczy, M. Pálvölgyi","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The purpose of the research is to assess the socioeconomic and sociocultural status of Hungarian nurses.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In the research team working at the Department of Social Sciences, the Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, by 2015, the idea surfaced that it would be worthwhile to perform a complex socioeconomic and sociocultural study of this social group. We managed to have a sample representative of educational attainment and residence (N = 682). The survey was conducted with a structured questionnaire of 119 questions, 1,195 items, which was filled out in every county by nurses working in three areas: inpatient care, outpatient care, and general practitioner’s office.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The analysed data indicate that nurses are recruited from the lower social strata. This background has a definitive impact on their future careers, both in an existential and in a cultural way. Nurses have persistently arrived from the same background in the past decades (Pearson’s R sig = .244), and have attained the same qualifications (Pearson’s R sig = .204). There is a remarkably significant disparity between the perceived real social situation and the desired social situation, which, on the one hand, explains the genesis and nature of social discontent, and on the other hand indicates the difficulties of solving the problem. Only 3.8% of nurses assess their own social prestige similar to that of the doctors’.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The social position of the nurses shows multidimensional and multileveled status inconsistency. First and foremost, we can find a relatively low ascribed and an adequately low achieved social position. This is coupled with a social self-image that, alluding to different (mainly work-related) factors, holds a significantly higher social status as desired and acceptable.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79331372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patients suffering from mental disorders and especially substance-use disorders (SUDs) are often stigmatized by both lay individuals and health professionals, which may lead to poorer treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of stigma against alcohol and drug users among lay respondents and actors of healthcare. An online questionnaire was filled out by a total of 148 participants from three subgroups: (a) 25 addictology professionals, (b) 55 emergency care professionals, and (c) 68 lay individuals outside healthcare. The questionnaire contained standardized scales measuring the severity of substance use, authoritarianism, and own items assessing demographics, attitude towards substance users, and substance-related knowledge. A more accepting attitude towards drug users was explained by the respondents’ own substance use (β = 4.52, p < .01) and knowledge in addictology (β = 2.22, p = .05). Repeated encounters with substance users only showed connection with destigmatization in case of positive experiences. Emergency care professionals were characterized by the most stigmatizing attitude towards substance users. Our results partially support Allport’s contact hypothesis. We emphasize the need of a continuous sensitizing program targeting emergency care professionals in order to change their attitude towards SUD patients.
患有精神障碍，特别是物质使用障碍(sud)的患者往往受到非专业人士和卫生专业人员的侮辱，这可能导致较差的治疗结果。本研究的目的是评估非专业受访者和医疗保健行为者对酒精和药物使用者的污名化程度。来自三个亚组的148名参与者填写了一份在线问卷:(a) 25名成瘾学专业人员，(b) 55名急诊护理专业人员，(c) 68名医疗保健以外的非专业人员。问卷包含测量药物使用严重程度、专制主义的标准化量表，以及评估人口统计、对药物使用者的态度和药物相关知识的自己的项目。被调查者对吸毒者的接受态度与自身物质使用情况(β = 4.52, p < 0.01)和成瘾学知识(β = 2.22, p = 0.05)有关。与药物使用者的反复接触只在积极体验的情况下显示出与去污名化的联系。急诊护理专业人员对药物使用者的态度最具侮辱性。我们的结果部分支持了Allport的接触假说。我们强调需要针对急诊护理专业人员进行持续的致敏计划，以改变他们对SUD患者的态度。
{"title":"Stigma of substance use in healthcare: A research on contact hypothesis","authors":"K. Pfitzner, M. Kapitány-Fövény","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Patients suffering from mental disorders and especially substance-use disorders (SUDs) are often stigmatized by both lay individuals and health professionals, which may lead to poorer treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of stigma against alcohol and drug users among lay respondents and actors of healthcare.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 An online questionnaire was filled out by a total of 148 participants from three subgroups: (a) 25 addictology professionals, (b) 55 emergency care professionals, and (c) 68 lay individuals outside healthcare. The questionnaire contained standardized scales measuring the severity of substance use, authoritarianism, and own items assessing demographics, attitude towards substance users, and substance-related knowledge.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A more accepting attitude towards drug users was explained by the respondents’ own substance use (β = 4.52, p < .01) and knowledge in addictology (β = 2.22, p = .05). Repeated encounters with substance users only showed connection with destigmatization in case of positive experiences. Emergency care professionals were characterized by the most stigmatizing attitude towards substance users.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results partially support Allport’s contact hypothesis. We emphasize the need of a continuous sensitizing program targeting emergency care professionals in order to change their attitude towards SUD patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75331995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Kanizsai, G. Molnár, R. Sztudva, T. Berényi, I. Hornyák
Sepsis is a challenge for health professionals. The increasing number of cases emphasizes the importance of early recognition resulting in better survival. Questionnaires were spread focusing on the prehospital recognition, treatment, and care pathway of septic patients. After presenting an initial scenario, other sepsis-like diseases were given as diagnosis of choice and the answers were registered. After redefining the situation, the same potential diagnoses were given and the difference in correct answers was detected. The number of responders was 120. Among them, 33% of responders chose hypovolaemia, 10% allergic reaction, 2.5% endocrine disease, 30.8% systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis, 0.83% internal bleeding, 0.83% drug effect, 2.5% pulmonary embolism, and 19.17% metabolic disorder as primary diagnosis with a significantly higher number of trained paramedics highlighting the correct answer. After redefining the scenario, 63% changed the diagnosis, while 37% did not change (p < .001). Further management was correctly chosen by the majority of responders. The small number of correct answers from non-paramedics highlights the need for more education in identifying the pitfalls of early recognition and therapy of those who attend patients first. Trained paramedics recognize the sepsis better than other representatives, necessitating the introduction of new guidelines.
{"title":"Does level of training predetermine the success rate of prehospital sepsis assessment? A prospective survey on early recognition","authors":"P. Kanizsai, G. Molnár, R. Sztudva, T. Berényi, I. Hornyák","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Sepsis is a challenge for health professionals. The increasing number of cases emphasizes the importance of early recognition resulting in better survival.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Questionnaires were spread focusing on the prehospital recognition, treatment, and care pathway of septic patients. After presenting an initial scenario, other sepsis-like diseases were given as diagnosis of choice and the answers were registered. After redefining the situation, the same potential diagnoses were given and the difference in correct answers was detected.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The number of responders was 120. Among them, 33% of responders chose hypovolaemia, 10% allergic reaction, 2.5% endocrine disease, 30.8% systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis, 0.83% internal bleeding, 0.83% drug effect, 2.5% pulmonary embolism, and 19.17% metabolic disorder as primary diagnosis with a significantly higher number of trained paramedics highlighting the correct answer. After redefining the scenario, 63% changed the diagnosis, while 37% did not change (p < .001). Further management was correctly chosen by the majority of responders.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The small number of correct answers from non-paramedics highlights the need for more education in identifying the pitfalls of early recognition and therapy of those who attend patients first.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Trained paramedics recognize the sepsis better than other representatives, necessitating the introduction of new guidelines.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"76 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74366493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. J. Feith, Á. Lehotsky, Ágnes J. Lukács, E. Gradvohl, R. Füzi, S. D. Mészárosné, I. K. Bihariné, ZS Karacs, ZS Kiss Soósné, András Falus
The authors intended to develop a novel procedure and research method that follows the effectiveness of the peer-educational approach in handwashing among school children. To ask the children about their sociodemographic background, health behaviour, hand hygiene knowledge, and health attitudes, and questionnaires were applied. The education on proper handwashing procedures was followed by a test with a mobile UV-light detection system (Semmelweis Scanner, http://www.handinscan.com/), and the scans were evaluated through an intrinsic computer software. Our newly developed questionnaire-based research method and the hand-rubbing technique followed by a test with a mobile UV-light detection system may become a reliable and valid scientific measurement of the effectiveness of hand hygiene training programmes. The Hand-in-Scan technology and questionnaire-based research method provide proper tools for evaluating the successful peer education method. It can significantly elevate the level of children’s compliance, which leads to a better hygienic consciousness.
{"title":"Methodological approach to follow the effectiveness of a hand hygiene peer education training programme at Hungarian schools","authors":"H. J. Feith, Á. Lehotsky, Ágnes J. Lukács, E. Gradvohl, R. Füzi, S. D. Mészárosné, I. K. Bihariné, ZS Karacs, ZS Kiss Soósné, András Falus","doi":"10.1556/2066.2.2018.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/2066.2.2018.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The authors intended to develop a novel procedure and research method that follows the effectiveness of the peer-educational approach in handwashing among school children.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To ask the children about their sociodemographic background, health behaviour, hand hygiene knowledge, and health attitudes, and questionnaires were applied. The education on proper handwashing procedures was followed by a test with a mobile UV-light detection system (Semmelweis Scanner, http://www.handinscan.com/), and the scans were evaluated through an intrinsic computer software.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our newly developed questionnaire-based research method and the hand-rubbing technique followed by a test with a mobile UV-light detection system may become a reliable and valid scientific measurement of the effectiveness of hand hygiene training programmes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The Hand-in-Scan technology and questionnaire-based research method provide proper tools for evaluating the successful peer education method. It can significantly elevate the level of children’s compliance, which leads to a better hygienic consciousness.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52607,"journal":{"name":"Developments in Health Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80015817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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