Pub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-57-76
A. V. Martynov
Understanding the variability of acidic properties in the soil cover of floodplains is of greatest importance as far as it helps to ensure the rational management of floodplain areas, since the pH level is a fundamental indicator that determines the concentration of soluble and available elements for plants. This article provides the results of actual, potential and exchangeable acidity measurements performed in 87 soil profiles located within the upper and middle reaches of the Amur River. Descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression were used to characterize acidity. It has been established that acidity decreases in the floodplain of the upper and middle reaches of the Amur River in the following direction: alluvial marsh (peat-gley and humus-gley) soils, residually-alluvial (rzhavozems and brunezems) soils, alluvial gray gley soil, alluvial gray humus. The soils of the upper Amur floodplain are more acidic in comparison with the soils of the middle Amur, the average pH KCl values in soils with the same genesis of the former are less by 0.2–0.4 than the ones of the latter. It was revealed that the regression coefficient is indicative of the acid-base functional groups of the soil components which are in charge of soil pH. The coefficient greater than 1 points to the organic nature of acidity; below 1 – to the prevalence of mineral acids.
{"title":"VARIATION OF ACID VALUES IN FLOODPLAIN SOILS OF THE AMUR RIVER","authors":"A. V. Martynov","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-57-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-57-76","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the variability of acidic properties in the soil cover of floodplains is of greatest importance as far as it helps to ensure the rational management of floodplain areas, since the pH level is a fundamental indicator that determines the concentration of soluble and available elements for plants. This article provides the results of actual, potential and exchangeable acidity measurements performed in 87 soil profiles located within the upper and middle reaches of the Amur River. Descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression were used to characterize acidity. It has been established that acidity decreases in the floodplain of the upper and middle reaches of the Amur River in the following direction: alluvial marsh (peat-gley and humus-gley) soils, residually-alluvial (rzhavozems and brunezems) soils, alluvial gray gley soil, alluvial gray humus. The soils of the upper Amur floodplain are more acidic in comparison with the soils of the middle Amur, the average pH KCl values in soils with the same genesis of the former are less by 0.2–0.4 than the ones of the latter. It was revealed that the regression coefficient is indicative of the acid-base functional groups of the soil components which are in charge of soil pH. The coefficient greater than 1 points to the organic nature of acidity; below 1 – to the prevalence of mineral acids.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41574875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-10DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-37-56
Е. А. Гуркова, М. А. Бронникова, М. И. Герасимова, Е. Ю. Сухачева, Ю. В. Конопляникова
Results of 24 soil monoliths studying in the collection of Dokuchaev Central Soil Museum were analyzed in terms of diagnostic criteria in Russian soil classification system; these were chestnut, brown aridic, pale and cryoaridic soils. The topsoils of chestnut and brown aridic soils meet the criteria for the light-humus horizon (AJ), but their values in Munsell readings proved to be lower. In pale soils, the upper horizons were identified as gray-humus instead of light-humus ones as prescribed in the system. The cryohumus AK horizon, diagnostic for cryoaridic soils, is peculiar by the abundance of reddish frost-fragmented plant residues (detritus). We failed to differentiate metamorphic BM and xerometamorphic BMK horizon, they had more features of the latter. Both horizons are similar to the pale-metamorphic BPL horizon in color, although the BPL has a definitely weaker structure displaying some cryogenic features. These are less prominent in cryoaridic soils than in pale soils, hence, the diagnostic BPL horizon in cryoaridic soils may be removed to the category of diagnostic property. A similar re-evaluation may be proposed for the carbonate-textural CAT horizon: to consider it as a diagnostic property in the carbonate-accumulative horizon (ВСАt). The ВСА horizon in all soils studied differed by carbonate pedofeatures, namely, segregations in brown and chestnut soils, impregnations in pale soils, impregnations and coatings in cryoaridic soils.
{"title":"Светлогумусовые аккумулятивно-карбонатные и палево-метаморфические почвы коллекции Центрального музея почвоведения: верификация типовой диагностики","authors":"Е. А. Гуркова, М. А. Бронникова, М. И. Герасимова, Е. Ю. Сухачева, Ю. В. Конопляникова","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-37-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-98-37-56","url":null,"abstract":"Results of 24 soil monoliths studying in the collection of Dokuchaev Central Soil Museum were analyzed in terms of diagnostic criteria in Russian soil classification system; these were chestnut, brown aridic, pale and cryoaridic soils. The topsoils of chestnut and brown aridic soils meet the criteria for the light-humus horizon (AJ), but their values in Munsell readings proved to be lower. In pale soils, the upper horizons were identified as gray-humus instead of light-humus ones as prescribed in the system. The cryohumus AK horizon, diagnostic for cryoaridic soils, is peculiar by the abundance of reddish frost-fragmented plant residues (detritus). We failed to differentiate metamorphic BM and xerometamorphic BMK horizon, they had more features of the latter. Both horizons are similar to the pale-metamorphic BPL horizon in color, although the BPL has a definitely weaker structure displaying some cryogenic features. These are less prominent in cryoaridic soils than in pale soils, hence, the diagnostic BPL horizon in cryoaridic soils may be removed to the category of diagnostic property. A similar re-evaluation may be proposed for the carbonate-textural CAT horizon: to consider it as a diagnostic property in the carbonate-accumulative horizon (ВСАt). The ВСА horizon in all soils studied differed by carbonate pedofeatures, namely, segregations in brown and chestnut soils, impregnations in pale soils, impregnations and coatings in cryoaridic soils.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68254165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-52-90
N. Khitrov, I. Gorokhova, E. I. Kravchenko
The soil cover and soil salinity of the field were studied and the results are given in the article, the explored fileld is located within the Chervlenoye irrigated area belonging to Svetloyarskaya irrigation system (south of the Volgograd region). It was characterized by alternating dark and light wide strips visible on the satellite image. The field was irrigated until the mid-1990s and was subject to secondary salinization, since that time it has been used in dry-farming system. The soil combination is performed by steppe light chestnut solonetzic complex that was transformed due to the surface leveling and irrigation into agrozem accumulative-carbonate segregation saline (Sodic Endoprotosalic Cambisol (Loamic, Aric, Protocalcic, Ochric, Bathygypsic) and Cambic Calcisols (Loamic, Aric)) and deep saline, and agro-light-humus accumulative-carbonate stratified soil. The bright bands on the field mark soils rich in carbonates on the surface (12–13 % CaCO 3 ) (Calcaric Cambisol (Loamic, Aric)) among the other soils that contain less carbonates on the surface by 5–10 times. All the soils are saline, but the salt content varies in space in a wave-like manner, wich disagrees with the satellite image. Two-dimensional distributions of carbonates and salts in the soil combination are discussed. The residual signs of secondary salinization are revealed in the form of calcium and magnesium chlorides two decades after the cessation of irrigation and drawdown of the groundwater curve deeper than 7 m.
{"title":"COMBINATION OF SALINE SOILS OF THE NORTHERN SLOPE OF THE ERGENI UPLAND AFTER IRRIGATION CESSATION","authors":"N. Khitrov, I. Gorokhova, E. I. Kravchenko","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-52-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-52-90","url":null,"abstract":"The soil cover and soil salinity of the field were studied and the results are given in the article, the explored fileld is located within the Chervlenoye irrigated area belonging to Svetloyarskaya irrigation system (south of the Volgograd region). It was characterized by alternating dark and light wide strips visible on the satellite image. The field was irrigated until the mid-1990s and was subject to secondary salinization, since that time it has been used in dry-farming system. The soil combination is performed by steppe light chestnut solonetzic complex that was transformed due to the surface leveling and irrigation into agrozem accumulative-carbonate segregation saline (Sodic Endoprotosalic Cambisol (Loamic, Aric, Protocalcic, Ochric, Bathygypsic) and Cambic Calcisols (Loamic, Aric)) and deep saline, and agro-light-humus accumulative-carbonate stratified soil. The bright bands on the field mark soils rich in carbonates on the surface (12–13 % CaCO 3 ) (Calcaric Cambisol (Loamic, Aric)) among the other soils that contain less carbonates on the surface by 5–10 times. All the soils are saline, but the salt content varies in space in a wave-like manner, wich disagrees with the satellite image. Two-dimensional distributions of carbonates and salts in the soil combination are discussed. The residual signs of secondary salinization are revealed in the form of calcium and magnesium chlorides two decades after the cessation of irrigation and drawdown of the groundwater curve deeper than 7 m.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48547662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-91-112
N. Matveeva, E. Milanovsky, O. Rogova
The method of soil samples preparation for measuring the (wetting) contact angle (CA) of the soil solid phase surface using membrane filters is proposed. The samples of kaolinite, a standard sample of chernozem and samples of agro-chestnut soil were taken for the experiment. The results of the CA measurements using two types of sample preparation for the analysis were compared. The first method of sample preparation was to apply a sample to a double-sided adhesive tape; the second method involved the deposition of suspensions of the studied samples of certain concentrations on membrane filters. The advantages and disadvantages of each sample preparation method are described. The significant difference in the obtained CA values depending on the sample preparation for measurement was revealed. The method of sample preparation with the use of membrane filters developed by the authors made it possible to reduce the CA measurement error by more than 2 times. Reducing the variation of the CA value of a single sample will allow comparing similar soil samples, including soils of the same type, but involved in different land use systems.
{"title":"THE METHOD OF PREPARING SOIL SAMPLES FOR SOIL – WATER CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENT USING SESSILE-DROP TECHNIQUE","authors":"N. Matveeva, E. Milanovsky, O. Rogova","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-91-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-91-112","url":null,"abstract":"The method of soil samples preparation for measuring the (wetting) contact angle (CA) of the soil solid phase surface using membrane filters is proposed. The samples of kaolinite, a standard sample of chernozem and samples of agro-chestnut soil were taken for the experiment. The results of the CA measurements using two types of sample preparation for the analysis were compared. The first method of sample preparation was to apply a sample to a double-sided adhesive tape; the second method involved the deposition of suspensions of the studied samples of certain concentrations on membrane filters. The advantages and disadvantages of each sample preparation method are described. The significant difference in the obtained CA values depending on the sample preparation for measurement was revealed. The method of sample preparation with the use of membrane filters developed by the authors made it possible to reduce the CA measurement error by more than 2 times. Reducing the variation of the CA value of a single sample will allow comparing similar soil samples, including soils of the same type, but involved in different land use systems.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42138015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-150-164
A. S. Frid, T. I. Borisochkina
The data on distribution of heavy metals in the soil profile (Yuan et al., 2017) of the province Guangxi in southern China in the zone influenced by lead and antimony plant were analyzed. The soil is sod-calcareous and rich in humus. The averaged over the years and depth (“apparent”) parameters of diffusion and convective-diffusion models of migration in the area of combined soil pollution (only soil aerogenic pollution and in combination with the sewage waters) are estimated. The largest values of the diffusion parameters were obtained for Zn and Cd (n∙10–7 сm2/sec), the smallest values were obtained for Pb and Sb (n∙10–8 сm2/sec). When soil was flooded by waste waters, a reliable convective component of migration for Zn and Sb was noted. At the same time the peak of Zn concentration moved to the depth of 40–60 cm. Under these conditions there was no clear inverse correlation between the migration mobility and the amount of sorption of elements by the soil.
分析了中国南方广西铅锑植物影响区土壤剖面重金属分布数据（Yuan et al.，2017）。土壤为草皮状钙质，富含腐殖质。估计了在土壤复合污染（仅土壤空气污染和与污水结合）区域内迁移的扩散和对流扩散模型的多年平均值和深度（“表观”）参数。Zn和Cd的扩散参数最大（n∙10–7сm2/秒），Pb和Sb的扩散参数最小（n∙。当土壤被废水淹没时，注意到锌和锑迁移的可靠对流成分。同时，Zn浓度的峰值向40–60 cm的深度移动。在这些条件下，迁移迁移迁移率与土壤对元素的吸附量之间没有明显的负相关性。
{"title":"PARAMETERS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR VERTICAL MIGRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS IN THE AREA OF LEAD AND ANTIMONY PLANT","authors":"A. S. Frid, T. I. Borisochkina","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-150-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-150-164","url":null,"abstract":"The data on distribution of heavy metals in the soil profile (Yuan et al., 2017) of the province Guangxi in southern China in the zone influenced by lead and antimony plant were analyzed. The soil is sod-calcareous and rich in humus. The averaged over the years and depth (“apparent”) parameters of diffusion and convective-diffusion models of migration in the area of combined soil pollution (only soil aerogenic pollution and in combination with the sewage waters) are estimated. The largest values of the diffusion parameters were obtained for Zn and Cd (n∙10–7 сm2/sec), the smallest values were obtained for Pb and Sb (n∙10–8 сm2/sec). When soil was flooded by waste waters, a reliable convective component of migration for Zn and Sb was noted. At the same time the peak of Zn concentration moved to the depth of 40–60 cm. Under these conditions there was no clear inverse correlation between the migration mobility and the amount of sorption of elements by the soil.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46740151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-113-128
A. Filatova, V. Mamontov, P. Panova
{"title":"MOLECULAR WEIGHT COMPOSITION OF HUMIC ACIDS IN URBAN SOILS (THE NORTHERN ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF MOSCOW CITY TAKEN AS AN EXAMPLE)","authors":"A. Filatova, V. Mamontov, P. Panova","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-113-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-113-128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44570493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-21-51
I. Belozertseva, D. N. Lopatina, N. Zvereva
In summer periods of 2015–2017 within the framework of complex expeditions in the eastern Priol’khonye soil geochemical researches were performed. More than 120 soil samples were collected for subsequent physical and chemical analyses. Ecological, chemical and physical properties of meadow and steppe soils of Ol’khon district were studied and the results are presented in the article. The research was conducted on the east coast of the Lake Baikal in its central basin, which is most visited by tourists. Several soil types can be found along the coast line and on gently sloped surface nearby, they are: castanozems, umbrisols, cambisols, gray soils, histic fluvisols gleyic, humic fluvisols gleyic, chernozems, umbric fluvisols, cambic fluvisols and other. Owing to a specific environmental conditions some original soil types (for example “chestnut soils”, “castanozems”) can be found nowhere else in the Irkutsk region but only here. The explored soil profiles are mainly thick and stony to various extent (from high to medium),these soils are sandy or sandy loams, rich in humus, predominantly with neutral and weakly alkaline reaction (pH), low content of nitrogen in relation to carbon content (C : N), that creates favorable conditions for preservation of the vegetable remains in meadow landscapes. The conducted research results revealed that soils near touristic tracks and also on the territory of the ancient settlement are polluted by heavy metals, and their content exceeds sanitary and hygienic standards. The ecological condition of soils at the present stage can be characterized as average degree of disturbance resulting from recreational activity. Geochemical barriers are represented by organic and alkaline ones. However, due to the sandy and sandy-loamy soil texture waters of the lake coastal zone can be polluted by heavy metals as well. Soils of meadow-boggy landscapes of the coastal area are not polluted by heavy metals as far as it is a hard-to-reach region for tourists using automobile transport.
{"title":"SOILS OF THE EASTERN PRIOL’KHONYE ON THE COAST OF THE LAKE BAIKAL: CURRENT STATE AND USE","authors":"I. Belozertseva, D. N. Lopatina, N. Zvereva","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-21-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-21-51","url":null,"abstract":"In summer periods of 2015–2017 within the framework of complex expeditions in the eastern Priol’khonye soil geochemical researches were performed. More than 120 soil samples were collected for subsequent physical and chemical analyses. Ecological, chemical and physical properties of meadow and steppe soils of Ol’khon district were studied and the results are presented in the article. The research was conducted on the east coast of the Lake Baikal in its central basin, which is most visited by tourists. Several soil types can be found along the coast line and on gently sloped surface nearby, they are: castanozems, umbrisols, cambisols, gray soils, histic fluvisols gleyic, humic fluvisols gleyic, chernozems, umbric fluvisols, cambic fluvisols and other. Owing to a specific environmental conditions some original soil types (for example “chestnut soils”, “castanozems”) can be found nowhere else in the Irkutsk region but only here. The explored soil profiles are mainly thick and stony to various extent (from high to medium),these soils are sandy or sandy loams, rich in humus, predominantly with neutral and weakly alkaline reaction (pH), low content of nitrogen in relation to carbon content (C : N), that creates favorable conditions for preservation of the vegetable remains in meadow landscapes. The conducted research results revealed that soils near touristic tracks and also on the territory of the ancient settlement are polluted by heavy metals, and their content exceeds sanitary and hygienic standards. The ecological condition of soils at the present stage can be characterized as average degree of disturbance resulting from recreational activity. Geochemical barriers are represented by organic and alkaline ones. However, due to the sandy and sandy-loamy soil texture waters of the lake coastal zone can be polluted by heavy metals as well. Soils of meadow-boggy landscapes of the coastal area are not polluted by heavy metals as far as it is a hard-to-reach region for tourists using automobile transport.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68253898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-165-180
S. M. Pakshina, L. Harkevich, N. M. Belous, E. V. Smolsky
This paper examines the patterns of 137 Cs migration in the alluvial soil of the central floodplain of the Iput River (Novozybkovsky district, Bryansk region). The effect of water filtration during flooding, bioremoval by plants and 137 Cs radioactive decay on the migration process of Cs ions in the soil was studied. The contribution of radioactive decay, filtration of water and bioremoval to the total removal of 137 Cs from the soil during the period from 1994 to 2007 was 50–79, 20–50, 0.3–2.2 % coorespondingly, depending on the treatment method, the dose of mineral fertilizers and the ratio of nutrients. It was found that the increased removal of 137 Cs from the soil layer of the floodplain during double-depth plowing, compared with disking and natural grass stands, is determined by a lower Peclet number, which indicates the prevalence of convective 137 Cs transfer in contrast to diffusion in the total solution flow.
{"title":"REGULARITIES OF MIGRATION 137CS IN THE ALLUVIAL SOIL","authors":"S. M. Pakshina, L. Harkevich, N. M. Belous, E. V. Smolsky","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-165-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-165-180","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the patterns of 137 Cs migration in the alluvial soil of the central floodplain of the Iput River (Novozybkovsky district, Bryansk region). The effect of water filtration during flooding, bioremoval by plants and 137 Cs radioactive decay on the migration process of Cs ions in the soil was studied. The contribution of radioactive decay, filtration of water and bioremoval to the total removal of 137 Cs from the soil during the period from 1994 to 2007 was 50–79, 20–50, 0.3–2.2 % coorespondingly, depending on the treatment method, the dose of mineral fertilizers and the ratio of nutrients. It was found that the increased removal of 137 Cs from the soil layer of the floodplain during double-depth plowing, compared with disking and natural grass stands, is determined by a lower Peclet number, which indicates the prevalence of convective 137 Cs transfer in contrast to diffusion in the total solution flow.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68253625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-18DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-129-149
P. Tregubova, G. Koptsik, A. Stepanov, A. Stepanov, M. Korneecheva, Yu. V. Kupriianova
This research aim was testing the applicability of exogenic organic matter – extracted humic substances – for the remediation of technogenic barrens soils near Cu-Ni smelter (Kola Peninsula). In short-term laboratory experiments we studied the possibility of stabilization of heavy metals labile forms by commercial humic substances (HS) of different origin (peat humate “Flexom” and coal humate “Extra”) in comparison with HS, inoculated by microorganisms – nitrogen fixers and mycorrhizae-forming fungi and mineral fertilizers (NPK и CaCO3). Experiments were provided during 45 days after 14 days of pre-incubation under controlled conditions in climate chamber with light, temperature and humidity imitating the polar day conditions in Kola Subarctic. After experiments we evaluated changes in soil chemical properties, soil microbial community and test-culture (Deschampsia cespitosa). Peat humate application is ineffective without additional manipulations (e.g. combination with CaCO3), cooperation with biological applicants cannot be pointed out. Application of coal humate favours to metals stabilization, soil microorganism’s activation, test-culture growth. It may be effective to combine coal humate with biological applicants like mycorrhizae-forming fungi. So, coal-humates may be perspective growth-stimulator, ameliorant and detoxicant in remediation of degraded soils in conditions of polymetallic contamination.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF HUMIC PREPARATIONS ON DEGRADED SOILS PROPERTIES OF TECHNOGENIC BARRENS","authors":"P. Tregubova, G. Koptsik, A. Stepanov, A. Stepanov, M. Korneecheva, Yu. V. Kupriianova","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-129-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-97-129-149","url":null,"abstract":"This research aim was testing the applicability of exogenic organic matter – extracted humic substances – for the remediation of technogenic barrens soils near Cu-Ni smelter (Kola Peninsula). In short-term laboratory experiments we studied the possibility of stabilization of heavy metals labile forms by commercial humic substances (HS) of different origin (peat humate “Flexom” and coal humate “Extra”) in comparison with HS, inoculated by microorganisms – nitrogen fixers and mycorrhizae-forming fungi and mineral fertilizers (NPK и CaCO3). Experiments were provided during 45 days after 14 days of pre-incubation under controlled conditions in climate chamber with light, temperature and humidity imitating the polar day conditions in Kola Subarctic. After experiments we evaluated changes in soil chemical properties, soil microbial community and test-culture (Deschampsia cespitosa). Peat humate application is ineffective without additional manipulations (e.g. combination with CaCO3), cooperation with biological applicants cannot be pointed out. Application of coal humate favours to metals stabilization, soil microorganism’s activation, test-culture growth. It may be effective to combine coal humate with biological applicants like mycorrhizae-forming fungi. So, coal-humates may be perspective growth-stimulator, ameliorant and detoxicant in remediation of degraded soils in conditions of polymetallic contamination.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68253554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-21DOI: 10.19047/0136-1694-2019-96-178-199
I. Ivanov, I. Zamotaev
The world-class geologist and petrographer - Frants Yul’evich Levinson-Lessing (1861-1939) was one of the followers and apprentices of V.V. Dokuchaev, the founder of the Soil Science. In 1882-1892 he took part in Dokuchaev’s expeditions. Thereafter, Levinson -Lessing carried out research in the field of petrography; he assumed various administrative positions and constantly lent support to his teacher’s life-work. He was the chairman of the Soil Commission of the Russian Free Economic Society (1905-1912), one of the founders of Dokuchaev Soil Committee and its council member (1912-1916), headed Soil Science Department and Soil Science Institute of the Commission on Natural Production Forces affiliated with Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1917-1925), V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute (1926-1929). In 1927 in cooperation with V.I. Vernadskiy and K.D. Glinka he gained recognition of the Soil Science as a fundamental science in Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which resulted in establishment of special Soil Science Institute of Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
{"title":"F. Yu. Levinson-Lessing (1861-1939) -V. V. Dokuchaev apprentice and follower and his role in Soil Science Institute foundation","authors":"I. Ivanov, I. Zamotaev","doi":"10.19047/0136-1694-2019-96-178-199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-96-178-199","url":null,"abstract":"The world-class geologist and petrographer - Frants Yul’evich Levinson-Lessing (1861-1939) was one of the followers and apprentices of V.V. Dokuchaev, the founder of the Soil Science. In 1882-1892 he took part in Dokuchaev’s expeditions. Thereafter, Levinson -Lessing carried out research in the field of petrography; he assumed various administrative positions and constantly lent support to his teacher’s life-work. He was the chairman of the Soil Commission of the Russian Free Economic Society (1905-1912), one of the founders of Dokuchaev Soil Committee and its council member (1912-1916), headed Soil Science Department and Soil Science Institute of the Commission on Natural Production Forces affiliated with Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1917-1925), V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute (1926-1929). In 1927 in cooperation with V.I. Vernadskiy and K.D. Glinka he gained recognition of the Soil Science as a fundamental science in Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which resulted in establishment of special Soil Science Institute of Academy of Sciences of the USSR.","PeriodicalId":52755,"journal":{"name":"Biulleten'' Pochvennogo instituta im VV Dokuchaeva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68253258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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