Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.003
O. Smirnov, V. Osypenko, S. Semiryagin, M. Goryuk, A. Semenko, Yu.P. Skorobagatko
The features of refractory lining’s wear of “ladle – furnace” unit at work on metallurgical mini-plant with intensive stirring of liquid metal by gas and electromagnetic field is studied. It was established that the most affected areas are slag zone, ladle’s bottom, as well as side wall, near which the electromagnetic stirrer is located. The stability of these areas determines the duration of the ladle working between repairs. Recommendations for recovery of the lining’s working layer have been developed. Also, there are formulated the requirements for rationalization of melt stirring modes. Theoretical studying of influence of electromagnetic stirring on heat & mass transfer processes in liquid metal bath of metallurgical aggregates (in particular, during homogenization of alloy in free turbulence mode at input of additives) was investigated. New electromagnetic stirrer was designed in the PTIMA NASU, and it is proposed for technologies of melting and finishing of alloys. The stirrer creates the pulsating magnetic field, and its force lines spread equally intensively both in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is shown that design of developed stirrer, its power supply by industrial frequency 50 Hz, and physical nature of the generated field’s action provide the simplicity of its making and operation. So, new stirrer has essential technical, economic and technological advantages in comparison with known stirrers of travelling magnetic field at the same parameters of electromagnetic systems. Joint research performed by specialists of the PTIMA NASU and IED NASU with using mathematical modeling and experiments on aluminum melt showed the following. It is possible to realize a wide range of stirring modes, both intensity and melt movement directions. Thus, the application of developed electromagnetic stirrer in the “ladle – furnace” units will allow to significantly expand the possibilities for finishing liquid alloys on chemical composition and temperature, especially at small metallurgical plants.
{"title":"STIRRING OF METAL MELTS FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE “LADLE – FURNACE” UNITS Message 2. NEW METHOD FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC STIRRING OF METALLIC MELT IN “LADLE – FURNACE” UNIT","authors":"O. Smirnov, V. Osypenko, S. Semiryagin, M. Goryuk, A. Semenko, Yu.P. Skorobagatko","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"The features of refractory lining’s wear of “ladle – furnace” unit at work on metallurgical mini-plant with intensive stirring of liquid metal by gas and electromagnetic field is studied. It was established that the most affected areas are slag zone, ladle’s bottom, as well as side wall, near which the electromagnetic stirrer is located. The stability of these areas determines the duration of the ladle working between repairs. Recommendations for recovery of the lining’s working layer have been developed. Also, there are formulated the requirements for rationalization of melt stirring modes. Theoretical studying of influence of electromagnetic stirring on heat & mass transfer processes in liquid metal bath of metallurgical aggregates (in particular, during homogenization of alloy in free turbulence mode at input of additives) was investigated. New electromagnetic stirrer was designed in the PTIMA NASU, and it is proposed for technologies of melting and finishing of alloys. The stirrer creates the pulsating magnetic field, and its force lines spread equally intensively both in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is shown that design of developed stirrer, its power supply by industrial frequency 50 Hz, and physical nature of the generated field’s action provide the simplicity of its making and operation. So, new stirrer has essential technical, economic and technological advantages in comparison with known stirrers of travelling magnetic field at the same parameters of electromagnetic systems. Joint research performed by specialists of the PTIMA NASU and IED NASU with using mathematical modeling and experiments on aluminum melt showed the following. It is possible to realize a wide range of stirring modes, both intensity and melt movement directions. Thus, the application of developed electromagnetic stirrer in the “ladle – furnace” units will allow to significantly expand the possibilities for finishing liquid alloys on chemical composition and temperature, especially at small metallurgical plants.","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47718148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.033
B. Belov, A. Trotsan, O. Vlasova
The mechanism of cast iron desulfurization through structural and chemical reactions in smelting slags corresponding to the composition of the main mineral phases is presented: monticellite (MT, SiO2MgOCaO) → mervinite (MP, 2SiO2MgO3CaO) → ockermannite (OK, 2SiO2MgO2CaO) →diopside (DP, 2SiO2MgOCaO) → rankinite (pH, 2SiO23CaO) and eutectic slags (E, 3SiO2MgO4CaO). A sequential series of adsorption capacity of slag phases with respect to sulfur (АС, mas. %) and the depth of metal desulfurization – Δ(S), ppm was determined: Е (3.54/36) → MR (4.8/49) → OK (5, 7/59) → DP (7.14/74) → MT (9.8/103) → RN (20/222). In factory conditions, the efficiency of smelting slags of eutectic composition and diopside for ladle processing of cast iron was tested. The expediency of using such blast furnace slags for ladle processing of cast iron has been established, which at a consumption of 5-10 kg/t provide a desulfurization depth of 200-400 ppm. The consumption of slag is significantly reduced with the additional deoxidation of smelting slags with carbon during the release of melt in the ditch of the foundry and in the pig iron ladle.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURAL-CHEMICAL MILL DUPLEX-SYSTEMS OF SILICATE-SILICIDE OF LUNG-EARTH METALS. Message 3. The mechanism of desulfurization in the smelting of blast-furnace pig iron","authors":"B. Belov, A. Trotsan, O. Vlasova","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.033","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanism of cast iron desulfurization through structural and chemical reactions in smelting slags corresponding to the composition of the main mineral phases is presented: monticellite (MT, SiO2MgOCaO) → mervinite (MP, 2SiO2MgO3CaO) → ockermannite (OK, 2SiO2MgO2CaO) →diopside (DP, 2SiO2MgOCaO) → rankinite (pH, 2SiO23CaO) and eutectic slags (E, 3SiO2MgO4CaO). A sequential series of adsorption capacity of slag phases with respect to sulfur (АС, mas. %) and the depth of metal desulfurization – Δ(S), ppm was determined: Е (3.54/36) → MR (4.8/49) → OK (5, 7/59) → DP (7.14/74) → MT (9.8/103) → RN (20/222). In factory conditions, the efficiency of smelting slags of eutectic composition and diopside for ladle processing of cast iron was tested. The expediency of using such blast furnace slags for ladle processing of cast iron has been established, which at a consumption of 5-10 kg/t provide a desulfurization depth of 200-400 ppm. The consumption of slag is significantly reduced with the additional deoxidation of smelting slags with carbon during the release of melt in the ditch of the foundry and in the pig iron ladle.","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49568122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.041
I. Kvasnytska, I. Maksiuta, I. Shalevska, K. Kvasnytska, V. Noga
To improve the operational characteristics of gas turbine engine blades, it is necessary to use new methods of cleaning and refining metal. Melt filtration is an effective way to improve casting quality.According to the conducted analyses, it was determined that the amount of conditioned waste generated during the smelting of products reaches 27% of the mass of the spent charge, and non-conditioned waste rejected during LUMMA control is 23%. The results of the statistical analysis show that the total amount of waste generated during the smelting of gas turbine blades is, on average, 60–70% of the weight of the loaded charge.The purpose of the work is to create a new composition of the ceramic mixture for the production of high-strength filters, as well as the development of technology for the production of gas turbine parts using them.The analysis was performed on samples of heat-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy CM88Y. The alloy for research was melted from the primary charge on the UPPF-3M foundry unit. As a result of the work carried out, a new rational composition of the mixture for the manufacture of ceramics was created, which allows to increase the characteristics of strength and heat resistance. An instruction was created for the manufacture of ceramic filters at machine-building enterprises. To eliminate damage to ceramic rods in blades under the influence of thermal shock, improved systems for filtering metal in a liquid state and filling ceramic molds are proposed. Uniform temperature distribution across the cross-section of the casting also reduces the number of defective products.
{"title":"THE USE OF CERAMIC FILTERS IN THE SMELTING OF WORKPIECES FROM HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS","authors":"I. Kvasnytska, I. Maksiuta, I. Shalevska, K. Kvasnytska, V. Noga","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.041","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the operational characteristics of gas turbine engine blades, it is necessary to use new methods of cleaning and refining metal. Melt filtration is an effective way to improve casting quality.According to the conducted analyses, it was determined that the amount of conditioned waste generated during the smelting of products reaches 27% of the mass of the spent charge, and non-conditioned waste rejected during LUMMA control is 23%. The results of the statistical analysis show that the total amount of waste generated during the smelting of gas turbine blades is, on average, 60–70% of the weight of the loaded charge.The purpose of the work is to create a new composition of the ceramic mixture for the production of high-strength filters, as well as the development of technology for the production of gas turbine parts using them.The analysis was performed on samples of heat-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy CM88Y. The alloy for research was melted from the primary charge on the UPPF-3M foundry unit. As a result of the work carried out, a new rational composition of the mixture for the manufacture of ceramics was created, which allows to increase the characteristics of strength and heat resistance. An instruction was created for the manufacture of ceramic filters at machine-building enterprises. To eliminate damage to ceramic rods in blades under the influence of thermal shock, improved systems for filtering metal in a liquid state and filling ceramic molds are proposed. Uniform temperature distribution across the cross-section of the casting also reduces the number of defective products.","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45185938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.016
D. Ivanchenko, M. Yamshinskij
The paper considers the important features of the technology of strengthening AK7ch aluminum alloy with zirconium introduced with its tetrafluoride. The choice of a complex flux containing zirconium tetrafluoride in its composition is justified. It is indicated that in order to recover zirconium from its tetrafluoride in the aluminum melt, it is first of all necessary to ensure the formation of sodium or potassium fluorozirconate in the strengthening mixture. The mechanism of recovery of zirconium from tetrafluoride is presented. Technological recommendations for obtaining AK7ch alloy are given. It has been established that the complex flux intended to the alloy, which is modified, must be injected into liquid aluminum before the introduction of other alloying elements, namely silicon and magnesium. The maximum appropriate temperature for injecting zirconium into the aluminum melt from the complex flux is indicated. The maximum amount of zirconium that was recovered is 0.4%. The microstructure and mechanical properties of an alloy strengthened by zirconium from its tetrafluoride, which was injected into the alloy in the amount from 0.8 to 1.2%, were studied. As a result of the modification of aluminum alloy AK7ch with zirconium, the grains of silicon solution in aluminum (α-phase) are grind. No other structural changes are observed. The value of tensile strength and relative elongation of the alloy increases by 1.3 and 1.7 times, respectively.
{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MANUFACTURING ALLOY AK7h STRENGTHENED WITH ZIRCONIUM INTRODUCED WITH ZIRCONIUM TETRAFLUORIDE","authors":"D. Ivanchenko, M. Yamshinskij","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.016","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the important features of the technology of strengthening AK7ch aluminum alloy with zirconium introduced with its tetrafluoride. The choice of a complex flux containing zirconium tetrafluoride in its composition is justified. It is indicated that in order to recover zirconium from its tetrafluoride in the aluminum melt, it is first of all necessary to ensure the formation of sodium or potassium fluorozirconate in the strengthening mixture. The mechanism of recovery of zirconium from tetrafluoride is presented. Technological recommendations for obtaining AK7ch alloy are given. It has been established that the complex flux intended to the alloy, which is modified, must be injected into liquid aluminum before the introduction of other alloying elements, namely silicon and magnesium. The maximum appropriate temperature for injecting zirconium into the aluminum melt from the complex flux is indicated. The maximum amount of zirconium that was recovered is 0.4%. The microstructure and mechanical properties of an alloy strengthened by zirconium from its tetrafluoride, which was injected into the alloy in the amount from 0.8 to 1.2%, were studied. As a result of the modification of aluminum alloy AK7ch with zirconium, the grains of silicon solution in aluminum (α-phase) are grind. No other structural changes are observed. The value of tensile strength and relative elongation of the alloy increases by 1.3 and 1.7 times, respectively.","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48029247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.056
V. Gnatush
The analysis of the world market of metal castings in 2019–2021 is presented. Due to the fact that as of January 2022 the publication of the world statistics of the production of metal castings did not take place, an analysis of information was carried out regarding the results in the countries that are part of the global Top-10. Among them are China, India, USA, Germany, Japan, Turkey and Brazil. It is noted that in 2021 in China, 54.05 million tons of castings were produced, which is 4.0% more than in 2020. In terms of cast alloys: gray cast iron (share 41.7%), cast iron with nodular graphite (29.5%), aluminum and magnesium alloys (13.3%) and steel (12.2%). In India, the export of metal castings in terms of value for the period from 2016/2017 financial year (FY) to 2020/2021 F. increased from 2.366 to 2.865 billion USD, i.e. with a CAGR of 3.9%. In the USA for the period from 2013 to 2019 the income of the foundry industry increased from 38.7 to 44.3 billion USD, that is, with an average annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.9%. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the slowdown of the economy in 2020. industry revenue decreased to USD 36.7 billion (-17.1% vs. 2019). However, in 2021 the situation improved somewhat ― 43.4 billion USD (18.3% against 2020). In Germany, the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys (gray cast iron, with nodular graphite, malleable and steel) in 2021. amounted to 3.2 million tons, which is 16.4% more than in 2020. At the same time, for the period 2019-2021 production of the specified castings decreased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of -6.0%, and their export ― by -7.0%. In Japan, as a result of the changing economic situation in the world, which was formed after 2019, the production of castings during 2019-2021. is characterized by a downward trend. The production of castings from copper alloys decreased with an average annual rate (CAGR) of -5.6%, castings from aluminum alloys ― -5.1% and castings from iron alloys ― -1.5%. In Turkey in 2021 1.108 million tons of nodular cast iron castings (by 29.6% vs. 2020), 0.921 million tons of gray iron castings (by 49.1%) and 0.279 million tons of steel castings (by 45, 4%). In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 9.9%. In Brazil, in 2021, foundry enterprises produced 2.5 million tons of castings, which is 21.1% higher than in 2020. At the same time, the production of castings from cast iron increased by 25.5%, from non-ferrous metal alloys ― by 7.0%, and steel ― by 3.9%. In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 3.1%. The presented data indicate that in 2021 the global foundry industry developed in a positive trend. Estimated global production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals by the end of 2021. may amount to 109.2...118.5 million tons against 105.5 million tons in 2020.
{"title":"THE WORLD MARKET OF METAL CASTINGS 2019―2021: COUNTRIES, ALLOYS, TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"V. Gnatush","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.056","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the world market of metal castings in 2019–2021 is presented. Due to the fact that as of January 2022 the publication of the world statistics of the production of metal castings did not take place, an analysis of information was carried out regarding the results in the countries that are part of the global Top-10. Among them are China, India, USA, Germany, Japan, Turkey and Brazil. It is noted that in 2021 in China, 54.05 million tons of castings were produced, which is 4.0% more than in 2020. In terms of cast alloys: gray cast iron (share 41.7%), cast iron with nodular graphite (29.5%), aluminum and magnesium alloys (13.3%) and steel (12.2%). In India, the export of metal castings in terms of value for the period from 2016/2017 financial year (FY) to 2020/2021 F. increased from 2.366 to 2.865 billion USD, i.e. with a CAGR of 3.9%. In the USA for the period from 2013 to 2019 the income of the foundry industry increased from 38.7 to 44.3 billion USD, that is, with an average annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.9%. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the slowdown of the economy in 2020. industry revenue decreased to USD 36.7 billion (-17.1% vs. 2019). However, in 2021 the situation improved somewhat ― 43.4 billion USD (18.3% against 2020). In Germany, the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys (gray cast iron, with nodular graphite, malleable and steel) in 2021. amounted to 3.2 million tons, which is 16.4% more than in 2020. At the same time, for the period 2019-2021 production of the specified castings decreased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of -6.0%, and their export ― by -7.0%. In Japan, as a result of the changing economic situation in the world, which was formed after 2019, the production of castings during 2019-2021. is characterized by a downward trend. The production of castings from copper alloys decreased with an average annual rate (CAGR) of -5.6%, castings from aluminum alloys ― -5.1% and castings from iron alloys ― -1.5%. In Turkey in 2021 1.108 million tons of nodular cast iron castings (by 29.6% vs. 2020), 0.921 million tons of gray iron castings (by 49.1%) and 0.279 million tons of steel castings (by 45, 4%). In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 9.9%. In Brazil, in 2021, foundry enterprises produced 2.5 million tons of castings, which is 21.1% higher than in 2020. At the same time, the production of castings from cast iron increased by 25.5%, from non-ferrous metal alloys ― by 7.0%, and steel ― by 3.9%. In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 3.1%. The presented data indicate that in 2021 the global foundry industry developed in a positive trend. Estimated global production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals by the end of 2021. may amount to 109.2...118.5 million tons against 105.5 million tons in 2020. ","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48320931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.049
P. Kaliuzhnyi, V. Doroshenko, O. Neima
{"title":"CASTING OF COMBINED POLYMER PATTERNS THAT ARE GASIFIED","authors":"P. Kaliuzhnyi, V. Doroshenko, O. Neima","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48201787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.02.024
V. Bielik, A. Prigunova, V. Shaіgam, A. Vernydub
On the example of the AM4.5Kd (VAL10) alloy treated in the liquid state with hydrogen, the efficiency of using the well-known ring test for the study of physicochemical methods of influencing the crack resistance of wide-range aluminum alloys, which are prone to the formation of hot cracks during solidification, was studied. To achieve this goal, an annular mold mold was made according to the recommended dimensions, experiments were carried out on the effect of hydrogen treatment of the melt on the crack resistance of castings. Saturation with hydrogen was carried out by blowing the melt with water vapor, the degree of gas saturation was estimated from the porosity of the castings, calculated from the change in their density compared to the control sample obtained in a mold with sufficient power. Despite the measures taken to increase the sensitivity of the annular sample and obtain stable results, which consisted in adjusting the dimensions of the mold, in particular, the size of the central rod, during compression of which the hardening melt creates tensile stresses leading to the formation of a hot crack, as well as optimizing the thermal regime for obtaining a casting by increasing the initial mold temperature from 22 0С to 217-249 0С, the sensitivity of this sample under the experimental conditions remained too low. In 60 % of cases, gas saturation of the melt contributed to a reduction in the crack propagation process when using a mold at room temperature and up to 100 % when the mold was heated to a temperature of 228 0C to 260 0C. However, in both the first and second cases, 28 % of similar data were obtained on castings from the initial melt not saturated with hydrogen. This casts doubt on the reliability of the positive effect of hydrogen treatment and became the basis for the conclusion that it is inappropriate to use this type of sample in studies of physical and chemical effects on the melt in order to increase the crack resistance of the AM4.5Kd (VAL10) alloy due to a possible error in assessing the effectiveness of their impact, and also to decide on the need to develop a new sample, devoid of the identified shortcomings.
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL METHODS OF INCREASING THE CRACK RESISTANCE OF ALLOY AM4.5Cd (VAL10). NOTICE 1: EXPERIENCE OF USING AN RING SAMPLE","authors":"V. Bielik, A. Prigunova, V. Shaіgam, A. Vernydub","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.02.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"On the example of the AM4.5Kd (VAL10) alloy treated in the liquid state with hydrogen, the efficiency of using the well-known ring test for the study of physicochemical methods of influencing the crack resistance of wide-range aluminum alloys, which are prone to the formation of hot cracks during solidification, was studied. To achieve this goal, an annular mold mold was made according to the recommended dimensions, experiments were carried out on the effect of hydrogen treatment of the melt on the crack resistance of castings. Saturation with hydrogen was carried out by blowing the melt with water vapor, the degree of gas saturation was estimated from the porosity of the castings, calculated from the change in their density compared to the control sample obtained in a mold with sufficient power. Despite the measures taken to increase the sensitivity of the annular sample and obtain stable results, which consisted in adjusting the dimensions of the mold, in particular, the size of the central rod, during compression of which the hardening melt creates tensile stresses leading to the formation of a hot crack, as well as optimizing the thermal regime for obtaining a casting by increasing the initial mold temperature from 22 0С to 217-249 0С, the sensitivity of this sample under the experimental conditions remained too low. In 60 % of cases, gas saturation of the melt contributed to a reduction in the crack propagation process when using a mold at room temperature and up to 100 % when the mold was heated to a temperature of 228 0C to 260 0C. However, in both the first and second cases, 28 % of similar data were obtained on castings from the initial melt not saturated with hydrogen. This casts doubt on the reliability of the positive effect of hydrogen treatment and became the basis for the conclusion that it is inappropriate to use this type of sample in studies of physical and chemical effects on the melt in order to increase the crack resistance of the AM4.5Kd (VAL10) alloy due to a possible error in assessing the effectiveness of their impact, and also to decide on the need to develop a new sample, devoid of the identified shortcomings.","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42407210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.03.061
R. Likhatskyi, M. Voron, Ye. Matviets, V. Perekhoda
{"title":"ACTORS INFLUENCING ON A DISTRIBUTION OF VANADIUM PARTICLES IN Cu-V CAST COMPOSITES, OBTAINED BY OF THE ELECTRON-BEAM CASTING TECHNOLOGY","authors":"R. Likhatskyi, M. Voron, Ye. Matviets, V. Perekhoda","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.03.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.03.061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67138339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.03.018
V. Bielik
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL METHODS OF INCREASING THE CRACKING RESISTANCE OF ALLOY AM4.5KD (VAL10). NOTICE 2: DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRACK RESISTANCE TEST","authors":"V. Bielik","doi":"10.15407/plit2023.03.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52779,"journal":{"name":"Protsessy lit''ia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67138183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15407/plit2023.03.034
A. Nuradinov, O. Nogovitsyn, V. Shkolyarenko, I. Baranov, I. Nuradinov
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