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Analisis Kimia dari Serat Kayu Bangkal (Nauclea officinalis) sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Pulp Kertas (Chemical Analysis of Bangkal (Nauclea Officinalis) Wood Fibers as Raw Material Alternative of Pulp & Paper)
Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I1.4076
H. Herlina, Wiwin Tyas Istikowati, Ph.D., Fatriani Fatriani
South Kalimantan has considerable natural forests and many types of timber that have not yet been optimally utilized, such as Bangkal tree (Nauclea officinalis). The purpose of this research was to analyze chemical components, dimensional fibers characteristic, and suitability of Bangkal wood as a raw material of pulp and paper. The results obtained from this study revealed that the chemical content of Bangkal wood consisted of 3.00% extractive, 30.00% lignin, 16% hemicellulose, and 50.50% cellulose. The anatomy of Bangkal wood were 1.40 mm in fiber length 1.40 mm, 1.20 μm in fiber diameter, 5.00 μm in lumen diameter, and 3.25 μm in cell wall thickness. Derived fiber values comprised Runkel Ratio (0.43), Power Weaving (66.00), Muhsteph Ratio (99.80%), Coefficient of Rigidity (0.20), and Flexibility Ratio (0.71). Based on the chemical components and quality of Bangkal wood fiber, that wood could be used as a raw material of pulp and paper.
南加里曼丹有相当大的天然林和许多尚未得到最佳利用的木材类型,例如邦加尔树(核仁)。本研究的目的是分析邦加尔木材的化学成分、尺寸纤维特性以及作为纸浆和纸张原料的适用性。结果表明,Bangkal木材的化学成分为萃取物3.00%,木质素30.00%,半纤维素16%,纤维素50.50%。Bangkal木材的纤维长度为1.40 mm,纤维直径为1.20 μm,管腔直径为5.00 μm,细胞壁厚度为3.25 μm。所得纤维值包括朗克尔比(0.43)、强力编织比(66.00)、穆氏比(99.80%)、刚性系数(0.20)和柔韧性比(0.71)。基于邦加尔木纤维的化学成分和品质,邦加尔木纤维可作为纸浆和造纸的原料。
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引用次数: 1
Keeratan Hubungan antara Dimensi Sarang Bambu dan Perkembangbiakan Lebah Trigona sp. (Correlation of Bamboo Nest Dimension and Trigona sp. Bee Productivity)
Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I2.4231
Rusli Kapitanhitu, T. Cahyono, Fitriyanti Kaliky
The Trigona sp. bees do not require specific breeding treatment. Nevertheless, selection of shade, container or media to cultivate this stingless bee can be engineered to increase the production of honey. This study was aimed to determine the effect of diameter, length, and thickness of bamboo used as a beehive of Trigona sp. The beehive was prepared from 54 thorny bamboo’s culms with various sizes. Hole was made on the culms where the queen and propolis could be inserted into the culms. Those inserted culms were then put in the cultivation place. The honey resulted from each culm was calculated after 4 months of the cultivation. The results showed that total honey production, HPB (honey, propolis, bee bread), and bee bread were 221.3 g, 792.7 g, and 33.8 g. Regression analysis revealed that there wa a significant effect of bamboo’s diameter on honey production, but not on bee bread, egg’s weight and HPB. Recommended diameter of bamboo culms for the cultivation of Trigona sp. was about 6-12 cm to obtain better quantity of honey
Trigona蜂不需要特殊的育种处理。然而,选择阴凉、容器或培养基来培育这种无刺蜜蜂可以通过工程来增加蜂蜜的产量。以54根不同大小的带刺竹竿为材料,研究了竹材直径、竹材长度和竹材厚度对蜜蜂蜂房的影响。蜂王和蜂胶可以在茎上钻一个洞插入茎中。然后把这些插入的茎放在栽培的地方。栽培4个月后计算每根秆的蜂蜜产量。结果表明,蜜蜂的总产蜜量、HPB(蜂蜜、蜂胶、蜂面包)和蜂面包分别为221.3 g、792.7 g和33.8 g。回归分析表明,竹材直径对蜂蜜产量有显著影响,但对蜜蜂面包、鸡蛋重和HPB没有显著影响。为获得较好的采蜜量,推荐栽培竹茎直径为6 ~ 12 cm
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引用次数: 2
Praperlakuan secara Hidrotermal Limbah Lignoselulosa untuk Produksi Bioetanol Generasi Kedua (Pretreatment of Lignocellulose Wastes Using Hydrothermal Method for Producing Second Generation Bioethanol) 木质素纤维素废弃物水热预处理制备第二代生物乙醇
Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I2.4078
Al-Arofatus Naini, Nurwahdah Nurwahdah, R. Lestari, Sunardi Sunardi
The second generation of bioethanol derived from various cellulosic biomass materials is one of the latest renewable energy as the alternative of fossil fuel. The cellulosic waste based wood and non-wood materials are the most abundant natural resource on the earth, renewable, and inexpensive. Currently, second generation bioethanol development is still not optimally done due to various obstacles, especially the pretreatment process to eliminate lignin, influencing the conversion process of cellulose into reducing sugar. Hydrothermal method is one of lignocellulose pretreatments, which is widely developed because this method is relatively cheap and environmentally friendly with the utilization of water-based solvent. Hydrothermal methods performed at high temperature and pressure in a relatively short time are able to deconstruct the lignocellulose structure that enables cellulase enzymes to access cellulose for hydrolysis. This study discussed about the development of hydrothermal method for lignocellulose pretreatment process to increase production of second-generation bioethanol. Some aspects studied in this research were structural change, chemical composition, lignocellulosic crystallinity before and after hydrothermal processes, and hydrothermal effect on the production of reducing sugars. Hydrothermal method could be used and developed as an efficient and cheap method as the first treatment of lignocellulose waste in attempt to increase the production of bioethanol.
第二代生物乙醇是从多种纤维素生物质材料中提取的,是替代化石燃料的最新可再生能源之一。以纤维素废料为基础的木材和非木材材料是地球上最丰富的自然资源,可再生,价格低廉。目前,第二代生物乙醇的开发仍存在诸多障碍,尤其是去除木质素的预处理过程,影响了纤维素转化为还原糖的过程。水热法是木质纤维素的一种预处理方法,由于其利用水基溶剂,成本相对低廉,环境友好,得到了广泛的发展。在高温和高压下在相对较短的时间内进行的水热方法能够解构木质纤维素的结构,使纤维素酶能够接近纤维素进行水解。探讨了水热法预处理木质纤维素以提高第二代生物乙醇产量的研究进展。研究了水热前后木质纤维素的结构变化、化学组成、结晶度以及水热对还原糖生成的影响。水热法是一种高效、廉价的木质纤维素废弃物处理方法,可用于提高生物乙醇的产量。
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引用次数: 0
Pretreatment Lignoselulosa dari Jerami Padi dengan Deep Eutectic Solvent untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Bioetanol Generasi Dua (Lignocellulose Pretreatment of Rice Straw using Deep Eutectic Solvent to Increase Second-Generation Bioethanol Production)
Pub Date : 2018-12-28 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I1.4079
Nurwahdah Nurwahdah, Al-Arofatus Naini, A. Nadia, R. Lestari, Sunardi Sunardi
Current issues of energy sector in Indonesia can be summarized as depletion of fossil energy reserves which is dominated by fuel oil and coal. Oil production continues to decline and the increase in oil fuels demand lead to increase imports of crude oil and oil fuels. To use lignocellulosic biomass waste has become a major alternative to replace fossil fuels and chemical feedstocks production. In 2015, total rice production in South Kalimantan reached 2,140,276 ton and rice straws were abundant waste which could be utilized as raw material for bioethanol production. Pretreatment process of lignocellulose is a crucial step to remove lignin because of the complex chemical cross-linking between chemical components. Delignification of lignin can increase the accessibility and digestibility of enzymatic, and help to promote enzymatic hydrolysis. Nowadays, pretreatment process with green chemistry method is continuesly developed by researcher to reduce the production costs and thus avoid adverse effects on human and the environment. This article disscussed about green methods for pretreatment of lignocellulosic material using deep eutectic solvent (DES) to increase second-generation bioethanol production in South Kalimantan.
印度尼西亚能源部门目前的问题可以概括为以燃料油和煤炭为主的化石能源储备的枯竭。石油产量持续下降,石油燃料需求的增加导致原油和石油燃料的进口增加。利用木质纤维素的生物质废弃物已成为替代化石燃料和化工原料生产的主要替代品。2015年,南加里曼丹的大米总产量达到2140276吨,秸秆是丰富的废弃物,可以作为生产生物乙醇的原料。由于木质素纤维素的化学成分之间存在复杂的化学交联,预处理过程是去除木质素的关键步骤。木质素脱木质素可以提高酶的可及性和消化率,有助于促进酶水解。为了降低生产成本,避免对人类和环境造成不良影响,绿色化学预处理工艺不断被研究人员开发。本文讨论了利用深度共熔溶剂(DES)预处理木质纤维素材料的绿色方法,以增加南加里曼丹第二代生物乙醇的产量。
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引用次数: 6
The Characteristics of Bamboo Charcoal Derived from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad and Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl Growing in Different Types of Habitats 生长在不同生境类型下的普通竹和大竹的竹炭特性
Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I1.3889
MN Lestari, D. Harsono, N. Rahmi
Altitude is one of the factors that affect the growth of bamboo. Bamboo species used in this study was Bambusa vulgaris and Arundinaria gigantea. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of altitude to the characteristics of bamboo charcoal harvested from three different altitudes (Lumpangi, Banjarbaru/Martapura, Marabahan). Parameters tested in this study were moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The result showed that altitute significantly affected the characteristics of bamboo charcoal. Bamboo charcoal from Banjarbaru/Martapura had the best characteristics than the charcoal produced from other locations. The moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value of B. vulgaris were 0.77 %; 3.49 %; 8.63 %; 87.11 % and 7,331.05 kal/g. The moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value of A. gigantea were 0.19 %; 12.46 %; 4.48 %; 87.11 % and 6,640.69 kal/g, respectively.
海拔是影响竹子生长的因素之一。本研究选用的竹种为普通竹(Bambusa vulgaris)和大竹(Arundinaria gigantea)。本研究的目的是调查海拔对三个不同海拔地区(Lumpangi、Banjarbaru/Martapura、Marabahan)收获的竹炭特性的影响。试验参数为含水率、灰分、挥发物、固定碳和热值。结果表明,海拔对竹炭的特性有显著影响。产自Banjarbaru/Martapura的竹炭比产自其他地区的竹炭具有最好的特性。湿含量、灰分、挥发物、固定碳和热值分别为0.77%;3.49%;8.63%;87.11%, 7331.05 kal/g。巨茶的水分、灰分、挥发物、固定碳和热值分别为0.19%;12.46%;4.48%;分别为87.11%和6640.69 kal/g。
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引用次数: 0
Formulation of Baby Porridge Flour Using Nagara Tuber and Kalakai (Stenochlaena palustris) as Iron Fortifying Agent with Natural Flavor of Ambon Banana 以安邦香蕉天然风味为原料,以长ara块茎和卡拉凯为补铁剂配制婴儿粥粉
Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I2.4080
N. Sholihah, Agung Nugroho, Ph.D., L. Agustina
Kalakai (Stenochlaena palustris) is a fern that lives wildly in nature. High iron content in the diet underlies the use of kalakai plants as a natural iron fortifying food for growing children. The purpose of this study was to determine the best formulation of baby porridge flour meeting the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). Kalakai was selected as a Fe fortifying material due to its high content of Fe. Three formulations (A, B, and C) were produced from three different flours (cassava nagara, kalakai, and young banana), and the formulated samples were tested. Formula A was 55 (cassava) : 5 (kalakai) : 40 (banana); formula B was 57:3:40; and formula C was 59:1:40. Those three formulations were compared with a control which was made from cassava nagara flour and banana flour with ratio of 60% and 40% (without kalakai). The results showed that the best formula was the A formulation, with a ratio content of 55:5:40. This formula had 0.90 g/ml of kamba density, 2.04 of water absorption index, 6.62% of moisture content, 3.02% of ash content, 0.67% of fat content, 2.41% of crude protein, and 4.48 mg/100g of Fe level.
Kalakai是一种在自然界中广泛生长的蕨类植物。饮食中高铁含量是使用卡拉凯植物作为生长中的儿童天然补铁食物的基础。本研究的目的是确定符合印尼国家标准(SNI)的婴儿粥粉的最佳配方。由于其铁含量高,因此被选为铁强化材料。用三种不同的面粉(木薯、卡拉凯和香蕉苗)制作了三种配方(A、B和C),并对配方样品进行了测试。公式A为55(木薯):5(卡拉凯):40(香蕉);公式B为57:3:40;公式C是59:1:40。以木薯粉和香蕉粉为对照,分别以60%和40%的比例(不加卡拉凯)配制3种配方。结果表明,最佳配方为A配方,其配比为55:5:40。该配方的干巴密度为0.90 g/ml,吸水指数为2.04,水分含量为6.62%,灰分含量为3.02%,脂肪含量为0.67%,粗蛋白质含量为2.41%,铁含量为4.48 mg/100g。
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引用次数: 2
Biodegradable Foam dari Bonggol Pisang dan Ubi Nagara sebagai Kemasan Makanan yang Ramah Lingkungan (Biodegradable Foam Derived from Musa acuminate and Ipomoea batatas L. as an Environmentally Friendly Food Packaging)
Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I1.4196
Chairul Irawan, A. Aliah, A. Ardiansyah
Biodegradable foam is a packaging material intended as a substitute for styrofoam. Materials used in this study were mahuli banana (Musa acuminata) stem and nagara tubers (Ipomoea batatas L) with aim to find out the best composition material for the best physical characteristics of biodegradable foam. Prior to use in the process of making biodegradable foam, mahuli banana stem and nagara tuber were firstly pulverized to a size of 100 mesh. Then, the mahuli banana stem and nagara tubers powders were mixed with compositions of 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20; and as controls pure material was utilized. Another treatment was the addition of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as much as 10%v/v and no addition of PVA (UNPVA). The process of making biodegradable foam began with plasticizing on a hotplate at 150oC for 3 minutes, thermopressing, and drying in a microwave. The biodegradable foam (bio-foam) characteristics were tested with DSC and SEM as well as for its hardness and biodegradation. Based on the results of hardness test, DSC, SEM and biodegradation, the best physical characteristic was obtained from 60:40 composition with the addition of PVA. The hardness test of bio-foam with PVA and UNPVA was 4.02 MPa and 3.59 MPa, respectively. The melting point of bio-foam with the addition of PVA was 166.50 oC with heating flow of -12.38 MW whereas the melting point of bio-foam without UNPVA addition was 166.45 oC with heating flow of -16.07 MW. The result of SEM test showed that bio-foam mixed with PVA had a smaller pore compared to UNPVA. The structure of bio-foam with a smaller pore produced biodegradable foam with higher compressive strength. Biodegradation test results showed that both samples were completely degraded after ± 2 months of being deposited in the soil.
可生物降解泡沫是一种包装材料,旨在替代聚苯乙烯泡沫。本研究以马uli banana (Musa acuminata)茎和nagara块茎(Ipomoea batatas L)为材料,旨在寻找具有最佳物理特性的生物降解泡沫的最佳组成材料。在制作可生物降解泡沫之前,马uli香蕉茎和永良块茎首先被粉碎到100目的大小。然后,将马uli香蕉茎粉和永良块茎粉按60:40、70:30和80:20的比例混合;作为对照,使用纯材料。另一种处理是添加10%v/v的PVA(聚乙烯醇)和不添加PVA (UNPVA)。制作可生物降解泡沫的过程首先是在150摄氏度的加热板上塑化3分钟,热敷,然后在微波炉中干燥。采用DSC和SEM测试了生物可降解泡沫(bio-foam)的特性,并对其硬度和生物降解性进行了测试。硬度测试、DSC、SEM和生物降解测试结果表明,PVA用量为60:40时,复合材料的物理性能最佳。PVA和UNPVA的生物泡沫硬度测试值分别为4.02 MPa和3.59 MPa。添加PVA的生物泡沫熔点为166.50℃,加热流量为-12.38 MW;未添加UNPVA的生物泡沫熔点为166.45℃,加热流量为-16.07 MW。SEM测试结果表明,与UNPVA相比,混合了PVA的生物泡沫具有更小的孔隙。孔径较小的生物泡沫结构产生的生物可降解泡沫具有较高的抗压强度。生物降解试验结果表明,两种样品在土壤中沉积±2个月后完全降解。
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引用次数: 10
Effects of Biomass Moisture Content and Process Temperature on Biopellet Quality Derived from Rubber Seed Shell and Ater Bamboo (Gigantochloa atter) 生物质含水率和工艺温度对橡胶籽壳和竹材生物细胞品质的影响
Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I2.3975
I. D. G. P. Prabawa
The purposes of this research were to study the ieffects of biomass moisture content and process temperature on the quality of biopellet derived from rubber seed shell and bamboo ater (Gigantochloa atter). The biomass was conditioned at different moisture contents (6, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20% w/w), and the biopelet was produced at a pressure of 597,24 kg/cm2 with various process temperatures (100, 125, 150, 175, and 200oC). The results showed that the properties of produced biopellets were significantly affected by the variation of moisture content and process temperature. High moisture content of biomass could increase the moisture content of biopellet while the calorific value and ash content decreased. With the increase in process temperatures, calorific value and ash increased whereas the moisture content of biopellet decreased. Mechanical durability was enhanced with the increase inthe moisture content of biomass, starting from 6% to 18%;and was improved with the increase in the process temperatures, starting from 100oC to 175oC. However, the bulk density of biopellet increased with the increase inthe moisture content of biomass, starting from 6% to 16%, and was improved with the increase in the process temperatures from 100oC to 150oC. The best quality of biopellet was produced  in the biomass moisture content of 16% and the process temperature of 150oC. That biopellet had mechanical durability of 99.16%, calorific value of 4,402 cal/g, bulk density of 1,157 kg/m3, moisture content of 6.71%, ash of 1.19%, nitrogen of 0.15%, Sulphur of 0.013%, and chlorine of <0.1 ppm. That biopellet quality met European standards (EN 14961-2).
本研究旨在研究生物质水分含量和工艺温度对橡胶籽壳和竹水(Gigantochloa ater)制备生物细胞的影响。生物质在不同的水分含量(6、12、14、16、18和20% w/w)下进行调节,在597、24 kg/cm2的压力和不同的工艺温度(100、125、150、175和200℃)下生产生物小波。结果表明,制备的生物电池的性能受湿度和工艺温度的影响较大。生物质含水率高可以提高生物电池的含水率,降低热值和灰分含量。随着工艺温度的升高,生物电池的热值和灰分增加,而水分含量降低。机械耐久性随生物质含水率的增加而增强,从6%到18%;随工艺温度的增加而提高,从100℃到175℃。然而,随着生物质含水量从6%到16%的增加,生物电池的体积密度增加,并且随着工艺温度从100℃到150℃的增加而提高。在生物质含水率为16%、工艺温度为150℃的条件下,生产出的生物电池质量最佳。该生物电池的机械耐久性为99.16%,热值为4402 cal/g,容重为1157 kg/m3,含水量为6.71%,灰分为1.19%,氮含量为0.15%,硫含量为0.013%,氯含量<0.1 ppm。该生物细胞质量符合欧洲标准(EN 14961-2)。
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引用次数: 2
Karakteristik Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Edible Film Pati Sagu Rumbia (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) untuk Bahan Baku Cangkang Kapsul (Characteristics of Physical and Chemical Properties of Edible Film of Rumbia Sago Starch for Capsule Shell Material)
Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I2.3972
Hamlan Ihsan, Nadra Khairiah, Rufida Rufida
The purpose of this research was to analyze the physical and chemical properties of sago starch edible film (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) as capsule shells material. The research was started with the extraction of the rumbia starch, and was followed with the production of edible film added with modified carrageenan concentrations (20% and 30% w/w) to the main compound. Organoleptic test showed that the color and odor of the films were normal. Water content of wet sago and dry sago was 12.55%, and 5.38%, respectively. Although the addition of carrageenan increased the water content but still corresponded with SNI gelatin quality standard with a maximum of water content of 16%. The ash content of fresh sago and dry sago was 0.36% and 1.09%, respectively, and the content increased significantly with the addition of carrageenan. The pH of all varied samples was 5.5 – 7.0, and the pH was in accordance with SNI. Meanwhile, the heavy metal content of the samples measured by means of AAS was negative. Based on viscosity testing withBrookfield method, high carrageenan concentration led to low viscosit. tensile strength test based on ASTM D 882-2002 gave positive results for dry sago (21.05 kg/cm2) whereas fresh sago with modified 20% and 30% carrageenan had tensile strength of 5.33 kg/cm2 and 18.18 kg/cm2, respectively. The results showed that sago starch had the potential as a raw material for producing soft capsules by modified composition to enhance physical and mechanical properties in order to meet the quality standard of edible film.
研究了西米淀粉可食性薄膜作为胶囊壳材料的理化性质。本研究从提取蚕豆淀粉开始,在主要原料的基础上分别添加20%和30% w/w的改性角叉菜胶,制成食用膜。感官检查显示膜的颜色和气味正常。湿西米含水率为12.55%,干西米含水率为5.38%。虽然卡拉胶的加入增加了水含量,但仍符合SNI明胶的质量标准,最大水含量为16%。鲜西米和干西米的灰分含量分别为0.36%和1.09%,随着卡拉胶的添加,其含量显著增加。不同样品的pH值在5.5 - 7.0之间,pH值与SNI一致。同时,原子吸收光谱法测定样品的重金属含量为负。根据布鲁克菲尔德法粘度测试,高卡拉胶浓度导致低粘度。根据ASTM D 882-2002的抗拉强度测试,干燥西米的抗拉强度为21.05千克/平方厘米,而添加20%和30%卡拉胶的新鲜西米的抗拉强度分别为5.33千克/平方厘米和18.18千克/平方厘米。结果表明,通过对西米淀粉进行改性,可以提高西米淀粉的物理力学性能,从而达到食用薄膜的质量标准。
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引用次数: 0
Pengaruh Variasi Aktivator dan Doping terhadap Nilai Daya Hantar Listrik dan Karakterisasi Karbon dari Bambu (Effect of Activator and Doping Variation on The Electrical Conductivity and Carbon Characteristics of Bamboo)
Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.24111/JRIHH.V10I1.3683
R. Karima, N. Nurmilatina
An added value of bamboo charcoal that is commonly used as an energy source could be increased by the addition of activator and metal doping. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of the addition of activator and doping to the electrical conductivity and carbon characteristics for a raw material of bio-battery. Bamboo plantsused in this experiment were buluh, haur, and betung. Bamboo was carbonized inthe temperature range between 500oC and 600oC by pyrolysis method. Obtained charcoal was activated using two types of chemicals, KOH and HNO3, and then was doped with Zn and Ni. Furthermore, obtained carbon was made into nanoparticles using High Energy Milling. The structure and properties of the carbon were tested using PSA, SEM, and XRD; and the conductivity was also tested. The smallest particle size was obtained from ‘buluh’ bamboo charcoal with HNO3 activation and without a doping at 1030 nm. The diffractogram and topography of the bamboo charcoal varied depending on the metal doping added. The highest electrical conductivity (DHL) was obtained from betung charcoal with an activator of KOH and a doping of Zn at 7.02 mS/cm.
通常用作能源的竹炭可以通过添加活化剂和金属掺杂来增加附加值。本研究的目的是分析活化剂的添加和掺杂对生物电池原料电导率和碳特性的影响。实验中使用的竹子有青竹、竹、竹三种。竹材在500 ~ 600℃的温度范围内采用热解法进行炭化。得到的木炭分别用KOH和HNO3两种化学物质活化,然后分别掺杂Zn和Ni。然后,利用高能铣削将得到的碳制成纳米颗粒。采用PSA、SEM、XRD等方法对碳的结构和性能进行了测试;并对其电导率进行了测试。在1030 nm处,经HNO3活化且未掺杂的“buluh”竹炭的粒径最小。竹炭的衍射图和形貌随金属掺杂量的不同而变化。以KOH为活化剂,掺杂Zn的炭的电导率(DHL)最高,为7.02 mS/cm。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
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