D. Agić́, H. Makic, G. Tadic, M. Gligoric, S. Agic
According to the report of the World Health Organization, the city of Tuzla is the second in the world, and the first in Europe in terms of the number of diseases caused by air pollution. Tuzla Canton since 2003 has continuous air monitoring. Concentrations of individual pollutants exceed hourly, daily and annual limit values. In this paper, based on the existing results of air monitoring and meteorological data, using statistical methods and neural network modeling methods, unique and reliable models for predicting the concentration of NO2 in the air for the City of Tuzla have been developed. The results obtained using these models can be used in strategic decision-making processes and activities related to air quality control and management. This paper, on the example of the City of Tuzla, showed that using existing air monitoring data, concentrations of pollutants can be predicted for a longer period of time, using artificial intelligence methods. Reliable models with a high correlation coefficient can be obtained. In the case of a short or long interruption of the measurement of pollutant concentrations for the City of Tuzla with the help of models, which are the result of this work, it is possible to predict the concentrations of pollutants and plan to take measures based on them.
{"title":"Neural network modeling methods for predicting the air parameters in the city of Tuzla","authors":"D. Agić́, H. Makic, G. Tadic, M. Gligoric, S. Agic","doi":"10.7251/jepm2001029a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2001029a","url":null,"abstract":"According to the report of the World Health Organization, the city of Tuzla is the second in the world, and the first in Europe in terms of the number of diseases caused by air pollution. Tuzla Canton since 2003 has continuous air monitoring. Concentrations of individual pollutants exceed hourly, daily and annual limit values. In this paper, based on the existing results of air monitoring and meteorological data, using statistical methods and neural network modeling methods, unique and reliable models for predicting the concentration of NO2 in the air for the City of Tuzla have been developed. The results obtained using these models can be used in strategic decision-making processes and activities related to air quality control and management. This paper, on the example of the City of Tuzla, showed that using existing air monitoring data, concentrations of pollutants can be predicted for a longer period of time, using artificial intelligence methods. Reliable models with a high correlation coefficient can be obtained. In the case of a short or long interruption of the measurement of pollutant concentrations for the City of Tuzla with the help of models, which are the result of this work, it is possible to predict the concentrations of pollutants and plan to take measures based on them.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42109884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formulation or application of coolants plays a critical role in machining to bring out the best finished products. In this scientific article, the study focused on the effects of coolants and machining parameters of Ti-6Al-4V are investigated with consideration of their performances by using drilling operation. The design of ex- periments (DOE) was considered and the performance of machining was measured with respect to cutting temperatures and surface responses. The final results put forward that the excellent surface finish and minimal cutting temperatures are ob- tained by application of power metcut s plus when compared with pure water. The factors that impact the surface roughness of Ti-6Al-4V are coolant and feed rate. The coolant also helps in the machining process by reducing temperature at the cutting zone.
冷却剂的配方或应用在机械加工中起着关键作用，以生产出最佳的成品。在这篇科学的文章中，重点研究了冷却剂和加工参数对Ti-6Al-4V的影响，并考虑到它们的性能。考虑了实验设计（DOE），并测量了加工性能与切削温度和表面响应的关系。最后的结果表明，与纯水相比，使用power metcut s plus可以获得良好的表面光洁度和最低的切削温度。影响Ti-6Al-4V表面粗糙度的因素有冷却液和进料速率。冷却液还通过降低切削区的温度来帮助加工过程。
{"title":"Effects of drilling parameters on TI-6Al-4V alloy using different coolants","authors":"Roopsandeep Bammidi, P. Rao, K. Prasad","doi":"10.7251/jepm2001025b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2001025b","url":null,"abstract":"The formulation or application of coolants plays a critical role in machining to bring out the best finished products. In this scientific article, the study focused on the effects of coolants and machining parameters of Ti-6Al-4V are investigated with consideration of their performances by using drilling operation. The design of ex- periments (DOE) was considered and the performance of machining was measured with respect to cutting temperatures and surface responses. The final results put forward that the excellent surface finish and minimal cutting temperatures are ob- tained by application of power metcut s plus when compared with pure water. The factors that impact the surface roughness of Ti-6Al-4V are coolant and feed rate. The coolant also helps in the machining process by reducing temperature at the cutting zone.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivaná Đukic, Marija Ječmenica Dučić, N. Nikačević, M. Petkovska
The goal of this work was to develop a 3D model of Electric Swing Adsorption pro- cess for carbon dioxide capture from effluent gasses from power plants. Detailed 3D model of the composite honeycomb monolithic adsorber was developed for a sin- gle monolith channel and can be used to simulate and represent different physical properties: velocity, concentration and temperature. The advantage of this model is the fact that all physical properties and results can be presented visually in the 3D domain. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for solving partial differential equations and simulations of adsorption and electrothermal desorption processes. Some simulation results are presented in this work. The results obtained from 3D simulations will be used for the adsorber model reduction to the 1D model which will be used for modeling and optimization of the whole ESA cycle due to its sim- plicity and computational demands. Simulation and optimization runs based on the 1D model will be performed in g-Proms software.
{"title":"3D model of a Monolithic Honeycomb Adsorber for Electric Swing Adsorption for Carbon Dioxide Capture","authors":"Ivaná Đukic, Marija Ječmenica Dučić, N. Nikačević, M. Petkovska","doi":"10.7251/jepm2001001d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2001001d","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work was to develop a 3D model of Electric Swing Adsorption pro- cess for carbon dioxide capture from effluent gasses from power plants. Detailed 3D model of the composite honeycomb monolithic adsorber was developed for a sin- gle monolith channel and can be used to simulate and represent different physical properties: velocity, concentration and temperature. The advantage of this model is the fact that all physical properties and results can be presented visually in the 3D domain. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for solving partial differential equations and simulations of adsorption and electrothermal desorption processes. Some simulation results are presented in this work. The results obtained from 3D simulations will be used for the adsorber model reduction to the 1D model which will be used for modeling and optimization of the whole ESA cycle due to its sim- plicity and computational demands. Simulation and optimization runs based on the 1D model will be performed in g-Proms software.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44538164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an attractive technique that reduces solvent con- sumption and exposure, disposal costs, and process time. This method has an im- portant practical application and is used to separate and concentrate the analyte as a step before its determination, and after the formation of a poorly water-soluble complex. Use of nonionic surfactants as ”green solvents” which represent an effec- tive alternative to toxic organic solvents (in classical extraction), along with other advantages, such as low cost and low flammability, makes this method attractive and worth further research and optimization. This paper presents a detailed de- scription of the principles, procedure, advantages, disadvantages and application of CPE.
{"title":"Cloud Point Extraction as a Method for Preconcentration of Metal Ions","authors":"N. Hasić, E. Horozić","doi":"10.7251/jepm2002044h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2002044h","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an attractive technique that reduces solvent con- sumption and exposure, disposal costs, and process time. This method has an im- portant practical application and is used to separate and concentrate the analyte as a step before its determination, and after the formation of a poorly water-soluble complex. Use of nonionic surfactants as ”green solvents” which represent an effec- tive alternative to toxic organic solvents (in classical extraction), along with other advantages, such as low cost and low flammability, makes this method attractive and worth further research and optimization. This paper presents a detailed de- scription of the principles, procedure, advantages, disadvantages and application of CPE.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44683495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vesna Gojković Cvjetković, Z. Marjanovic-Balaban, M. Kapović-Solomun, L. Stanojević, J. Stanojević, V. Kalaba
The quality of the essential oil obtained from white pine wood greenery from the territory of the Republic of Srpska was analyzed by examining the chemical composi- tion and antimicrobial activity of samples produced by the hydro-distillation process in industrial production conditions. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the ob- tained white pine oil was investigated for its possible use as an antimicrobial agent. The obtained results prove the presence of 37 components in the analyzed sam- ple, which represents 98.5% of the total components present. The most common are monoterpene hydrocarbons, followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, much less represented are monoterpenes containing oxygen and aromatic compounds, while aliphatic esters are found only in traces. Antimicrobial activity was examined using the disk diffusion method. The results showed large zones of inhibition, both for the tested oil sample and for all eight analyzed bacterial strains (from 12.00 ± 0.00 to 17.33 ± 1.15mm), as well as for the fungal strain. The chemical composition and antimicrobial action of essential white pine oiled from plant material originating from the territory of the Republic of Srpska indicates its significant phytomedical potential.
{"title":"Quality testing of industrially produced essential oil of white pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the Republic of Srpska","authors":"Vesna Gojković Cvjetković, Z. Marjanovic-Balaban, M. Kapović-Solomun, L. Stanojević, J. Stanojević, V. Kalaba","doi":"10.7251/jepm2002036b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2002036b","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the essential oil obtained from white pine wood greenery from the territory of the Republic of Srpska was analyzed by examining the chemical composi- tion and antimicrobial activity of samples produced by the hydro-distillation process in industrial production conditions. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the ob- tained white pine oil was investigated for its possible use as an antimicrobial agent. The obtained results prove the presence of 37 components in the analyzed sam- ple, which represents 98.5% of the total components present. The most common are monoterpene hydrocarbons, followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, much less represented are monoterpenes containing oxygen and aromatic compounds, while aliphatic esters are found only in traces. Antimicrobial activity was examined using the disk diffusion method. The results showed large zones of inhibition, both for the tested oil sample and for all eight analyzed bacterial strains (from 12.00 ± 0.00 to 17.33 ± 1.15mm), as well as for the fungal strain. The chemical composition and antimicrobial action of essential white pine oiled from plant material originating from the territory of the Republic of Srpska indicates its significant phytomedical potential.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44046065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A simulation of a single-stage evaporator system integrated with a mechanical com- pressor for a case study (concentrating the electrolytic system KNO3 – H2O) was performed. A mathematical model of the subsystem of a single-stage evaporator, a mechanical compressor, and superheated steam seeding is presented. Microsoft Excel with VBA (Visual Basic for Application) was used to solve the mathematical model. The model was solved by an iterative method where the values of the in- let stream temperature and the salt concentration in the concentrated stream at the evaporator outlet were assumed. The process parameters of the system have been determined. Since the goal of any industrial process is to minimize costs and maximize products, the impact of mean temperature difference changes on satu- ration water consumption and molar salt content in the concentrated stream was presented. 106.92 kg/h of freshwater are required to obtain 18% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream, while 432.30 kg/h of fresh water are required to obtain 25% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream. Consumption of heating steam ranged from 1760.31 to 4473.4 kg/h depending on the average temperature dif- ference. By increasing the temperature differences from 10 to 25 ◦C, the amount of transferred upper lines increases from 1025 to 2750 kW, which is an advantage of increasing the mean temperature difference. The disadvantage of the larger tem- perature difference is the increase in the power of the mechanical compressor from 97.02 to 384.12 kW.
对与机械压缩机集成的单级蒸发器系统进行了模拟，以进行案例研究（浓缩电解系统KNO3–H2O）。建立了单级蒸发器、机械压缩机和过热蒸汽播种子系统的数学模型。使用Microsoft Excel和VBA（Visual Basic for Application）对数学模型进行求解。该模型通过迭代方法求解，其中假设蒸发器出口处浓流中的入流温度和盐浓度的值。系统的工艺参数已经确定。由于任何工业过程的目标都是最小化成本和最大化产品，因此介绍了平均温差变化对饱和水消耗和浓物流中摩尔盐含量的影响。需要106.92千克/小时的淡水才能在浓缩流中获得18%重量的盐，而需要432.30千克/小时淡水才能在浓流中获得25%重量的盐。加热蒸汽消耗量在1760.31至4473.4 kg/h之间，具体取决于平均温差。通过将温差从10增加到25◦C、 传输的上层线路的量从1025kW增加到2750kW，这是增加平均温差的优点。温差较大的缺点是机械压缩机的功率从97.02增加到384.12 kW。
{"title":"Simulation of a single-stage evaporator system integrated with a mechanical vapor compressor for concentrating the electrolytic system KNO3 – H2O","authors":"Ervin Karić, Rejha Alić","doi":"10.7251/jepm2002050k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2002050k","url":null,"abstract":"A simulation of a single-stage evaporator system integrated with a mechanical com- pressor for a case study (concentrating the electrolytic system KNO3 – H2O) was performed. A mathematical model of the subsystem of a single-stage evaporator, a mechanical compressor, and superheated steam seeding is presented. Microsoft Excel with VBA (Visual Basic for Application) was used to solve the mathematical model. The model was solved by an iterative method where the values of the in- let stream temperature and the salt concentration in the concentrated stream at the evaporator outlet were assumed. The process parameters of the system have been determined. Since the goal of any industrial process is to minimize costs and maximize products, the impact of mean temperature difference changes on satu- ration water consumption and molar salt content in the concentrated stream was presented. 106.92 kg/h of freshwater are required to obtain 18% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream, while 432.30 kg/h of fresh water are required to obtain 25% by weight of salt in a concentrated stream. Consumption of heating steam ranged from 1760.31 to 4473.4 kg/h depending on the average temperature dif- ference. By increasing the temperature differences from 10 to 25 ◦C, the amount of transferred upper lines increases from 1025 to 2750 kW, which is an advantage of increasing the mean temperature difference. The disadvantage of the larger tem- perature difference is the increase in the power of the mechanical compressor from 97.02 to 384.12 kW.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46603244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The basic objectives of food packaging materials are to provide safety and to pre- vent physical damage of the product, to retain or improve sensory characteristics, to offer a pleasing appearance, to be functional, to facilitate distribution, to give dimensional stability, but also to be compatible with the requirements regulated by the law. Consumers’ demands for an extended shelf life of the product, as well as increased competition in the packaging industry, foster the need for continuous growth and application of innovative solutions for food packaging. While the tradi- tional packaging acts as a passive barrier toward atmospheric effects, the innovative packaging systems offer “active” interactions with the foodstuff, providing increased shelf life and improved quality of the product. The selection of the appropriate pack- aging material is influenced by many factors, and, among many packaging materi- als offered on the market, polymer materials and articles have a significant place. On the other hand, some interactions occur between the plastics and the food in contact. The migration of the low-molecular-weight components from the polymer packaging to the packed food is emphasized when the so-called active and intelli- gent systems are used. Therefore, all the issues related to the packaging materials for food and the substances used as part of the packaging systems, are elaborated in the directives and regulations of the materials and articles intended to come in contact with the food.
{"title":"Packaging materials and articles for food: legislation and codes of good manufacturing practice","authors":"A. P. Kujundziski, D. Chamovska","doi":"10.7251/jepm2001015k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm2001015k","url":null,"abstract":"The basic objectives of food packaging materials are to provide safety and to pre- vent physical damage of the product, to retain or improve sensory characteristics, to offer a pleasing appearance, to be functional, to facilitate distribution, to give dimensional stability, but also to be compatible with the requirements regulated by the law. Consumers’ demands for an extended shelf life of the product, as well as increased competition in the packaging industry, foster the need for continuous growth and application of innovative solutions for food packaging. While the tradi- tional packaging acts as a passive barrier toward atmospheric effects, the innovative packaging systems offer “active” interactions with the foodstuff, providing increased shelf life and improved quality of the product. The selection of the appropriate pack- aging material is influenced by many factors, and, among many packaging materi- als offered on the market, polymer materials and articles have a significant place. On the other hand, some interactions occur between the plastics and the food in contact. The migration of the low-molecular-weight components from the polymer packaging to the packed food is emphasized when the so-called active and intelli- gent systems are used. Therefore, all the issues related to the packaging materials for food and the substances used as part of the packaging systems, are elaborated in the directives and regulations of the materials and articles intended to come in contact with the food.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47575874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hidas Karina Ilona, I. C. Nyulas-Zeke, L. Friedrich, Anna Visy, Judit Csonka, C. Németh
Eggs are widely utilized because of their high nutrient value, coagulating, foaming, emulsifying and sometimes even colouring or flavouring facilities in food manufacturing. Production of processed egg products shows an increasing trend. Frozen products belong to first processing, their shelf life can increase up to 1 year. By freezing, a large reduction in microbial loss can be achieved. But different undesirable processes can occur. The effect of freezing on animal cells is highly dependent on freezing parameters. It has a different effect on egg subtituents. Egg yolk undergoes a gelation process while proteins can denaturate. In our study pasteurized liquid egg products (liquid egg white, liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg) were frozen by dripping into liquid nitrogen. After that, a 14-day frozen storage experiment was carried out at -18°C. Before freezing and on the 1th, 7th and 14th days of storage experiment pH, dry matter content, colour and calorimetric properties (denaturation temperatures and enthalpy of denaturation) with differential scanning calorimetry were tested. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) was employed. In our experiment, we found no significant change in calorimetric properties of liquid egg white after freezing, but significant decreasing of enthalpy and denaturation temperatures of liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg was identified. In contrast, frozen storage had a decreasing effect in all these products. Freezing caused a clearly visible colour change in LEW, a visible change in colour of LWE and a very clearly visible change in colour of LEY. In case of LEW and LEY changes increased to clearly visible 14 days. In conclusion, our results show that frozen storage had a greater effect on liquid egg products properties than freezing in liquid nitrogen.
{"title":"HOW DOES CRYOGENIC FREEZING AFFECT THE CALORIMETRIC PROPERTIES OF LIQUID EGG PRODUCTS?","authors":"Hidas Karina Ilona, I. C. Nyulas-Zeke, L. Friedrich, Anna Visy, Judit Csonka, C. Németh","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901001h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901001h","url":null,"abstract":"Eggs are widely utilized because of their high nutrient value, coagulating, foaming, emulsifying and sometimes even colouring or flavouring facilities in food manufacturing. Production of processed egg products shows an increasing trend. Frozen products belong to first processing, their shelf life can increase up to 1 year. By freezing, a large reduction in microbial loss can be achieved. But different undesirable processes can occur. The effect of freezing on animal cells is highly dependent on freezing parameters. It has a different effect on egg subtituents. Egg yolk undergoes a gelation process while proteins can denaturate. In our study pasteurized liquid egg products (liquid egg white, liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg) were frozen by dripping into liquid nitrogen. After that, a 14-day frozen storage experiment was carried out at -18°C. Before freezing and on the 1th, 7th and 14th days of storage experiment pH, dry matter content, colour and calorimetric properties (denaturation temperatures and enthalpy of denaturation) with differential scanning calorimetry were tested. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) was employed. In our experiment, we found no significant change in calorimetric properties of liquid egg white after freezing, but significant decreasing of enthalpy and denaturation temperatures of liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg was identified. In contrast, frozen storage had a decreasing effect in all these products. Freezing caused a clearly visible colour change in LEW, a visible change in colour of LWE and a very clearly visible change in colour of LEY. In case of LEW and LEY changes increased to clearly visible 14 days. In conclusion, our results show that frozen storage had a greater effect on liquid egg products properties than freezing in liquid nitrogen.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44212054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Bayesian technique was applied in order toestimate export coefficients for the Melen Watershed.Furthermore, instead of calculating the contributions ofsubwatersheds individually, the whole watershed was consideredfor the estimation of the total load at the outlet of the MelenWatershed using the calculated nitrate export coefficient. TheBayesian approach has the goal of combining prior knowledgewith data to optimally use both sources of information. Success ofthe Bayesian approach is directly proportional to sufficiency ofdata for acquiring the prior information about estimands.Bayesian analysis was conducted through Structural EquationModel (SEM) using AMOS software and posterior informationabout land use based export coefficients was obtained throughMarkov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. Estimated land usebased nitrate export coefficients are in kg/km2/day unit. Inaddition, monthly river retention value of nitrogen in allsubwatersheds of the Melen Watershed were estimated. Thisinformation was used in order to predict nitrate exportcoefficients appropriately. This study is aimed to be an importantprecedent for other basins that are determined as in priority interms of pollution by The Ministry of Forest and Water Works ofTurkey.
{"title":"Using structural equation model to estimate nitrate pollution in the Melen Watershed of the Turkey","authors":"M. E. Akıner","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901031a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901031a","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Bayesian technique was applied in order toestimate export coefficients for the Melen Watershed.Furthermore, instead of calculating the contributions ofsubwatersheds individually, the whole watershed was consideredfor the estimation of the total load at the outlet of the MelenWatershed using the calculated nitrate export coefficient. TheBayesian approach has the goal of combining prior knowledgewith data to optimally use both sources of information. Success ofthe Bayesian approach is directly proportional to sufficiency ofdata for acquiring the prior information about estimands.Bayesian analysis was conducted through Structural EquationModel (SEM) using AMOS software and posterior informationabout land use based export coefficients was obtained throughMarkov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. Estimated land usebased nitrate export coefficients are in kg/km2/day unit. Inaddition, monthly river retention value of nitrogen in allsubwatersheds of the Melen Watershed were estimated. Thisinformation was used in order to predict nitrate exportcoefficients appropriately. This study is aimed to be an importantprecedent for other basins that are determined as in priority interms of pollution by The Ministry of Forest and Water Works ofTurkey.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44873831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Dobrnjac, L. Vasiljević, S. Blagojević, M. Gligoric, Z. Obrenović, Vesna Cvijetinović, D. Tosković
When edible oils are heated above 150°C, they undergo thermo-oxidative changes depending on a variety of factors, such as temperature, heating time, type of oil, etc. These changes cause a series of chemical reactions (hydrolysis, oxidation, polymerization, etc.) resulting in the formation of free fatty acids, an increase in the peroxide number and the acid number, a change of color and a decrease in the iodine number. This study investigates changes of the content of free fatty acids, the acid number, and the peroxide number in edible sunflower oil when heating at the temperature range from 110°C to 190°C for 30 minutes, as well as after the adsorption by a natural and a synthetic adsorbent (clinoptilolite and zeolite 4A). The results of the research show that these adsorbents are effective in removing the products of chemical reactions occurring in thermal degradation, which is particularly evident after the adsorption of oil heated at 190°C. Somewhat better results were achieved after the adsorption using clinoptilolite, with a 72 % reduction in the content of free fatty acids, 83 % reduction in the acid number, and 43 % reduction in the peroxide number. After the adsorption by zeolite 4A, the content of free fatty acids was reduced by 65%, the acid number by 76 %, and the peroxide number by 39 %. The results obtained open the possibilities of further research aiming at discovering the adsorbents which would be most suitable for the regeneration of used edible oils, after which they could be applied safely for different purposes.
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