Zorica R. Lopičić, T. Šoštarić, A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, J. Milojković, M. Petrović, Katarina Pantović Spajić, J. Avdalović
This paper focuses on lignocellulosic waste biomass originating from food industry, which should find its further application in order to fulfill demands of circular economy. Therefore, here are presented some of the chemical and physical properties that affect combustion process, as well as thermochemical reaction kinetics for lignocellulosic biomass wastes. The biomass investigated was peach stone particles originating from food industry. The results have showed that peach stones can be characterized as good energy alternative renewable material, with properties that allow its safe thermochemical conversion. Kinetic analysis of this biomass was performed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) with a simple reaction model applied, namely n-th order reaction model. The obtained results have confirmed the complex nature of this material and the need for further modelling.
{"title":"Investigation of Characteristics and Thermal Behaviour of Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass Using Thermogravimetric Analysis","authors":"Zorica R. Lopičić, T. Šoštarić, A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei, J. Milojković, M. Petrović, Katarina Pantović Spajić, J. Avdalović","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901018l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901018l","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on lignocellulosic waste biomass originating from food industry, which should find its further application in order to fulfill demands of circular economy. Therefore, here are presented some of the chemical and physical properties that affect combustion process, as well as thermochemical reaction kinetics for lignocellulosic biomass wastes. The biomass investigated was peach stone particles originating from food industry. The results have showed that peach stones can be characterized as good energy alternative renewable material, with properties that allow its safe thermochemical conversion. Kinetic analysis of this biomass was performed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) with a simple reaction model applied, namely n-th order reaction model. The obtained results have confirmed the complex nature of this material and the need for further modelling.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49212520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Tomović, B. Šojić, M. Jokanović, S. Škaljac, M. Ivić, M. Tomović, I. Tomašević, S. Stajić, A. Martinovic
Meat is one of the most nutritious foods that humans can consume, and is defined as the flesh (skeletal muscles) of animals used as food. In addition to protein and fat, meat is a significant source of several micronutrients (minerals and vitamins). Edible offal is also a form of meat which is used as food, but which is not skeletal muscles, and in general possesses higher contents of some micronutrients, especially minerals and vitamins, than muscular tissue. Minerals are the inorganic elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, which remain behind in the ash when food is incinerated. They are usually divided into two groups – macrominerals (main elements) and microminerals (trace elements) or into three groups – main elements (macrominerals), trace elements (microminerals) and ultra-trace elements. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing literature on the content of nine most abundant minerals (potassium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese) in the major raw pork meat cuts (tenderloin, ham, loin and shoulder) and edible offal (tongue, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, brain and spinal cord) from indigenous pigs. The mineral levels in raw pork meat and pig edible offal are variable, ranging from 175.7 to 463.8 mg/100g for potassium; 159 to 502.0 mg/100g for phosphorous; 38.11 to 158.4 mg/100g for sodium; 8.3 to 28.5 mg/100g for magnesium; 4.61 to 26.02 mg/100g for calcium; 0.67 to 6.47 mg/100g for zinc; 0.55 to 45.59 mg/100g for iron; 0.10 to 0.825 mg/100g for copper; and from 0.0038 to 0.338 mg/100g for manganese.
{"title":"MINERAL CONTENTS IN PORK AND EDIBLE OFFAL FROM INDIGENOUS PIGS","authors":"V. Tomović, B. Šojić, M. Jokanović, S. Škaljac, M. Ivić, M. Tomović, I. Tomašević, S. Stajić, A. Martinovic","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901066t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901066t","url":null,"abstract":"Meat is one of the most nutritious foods that humans can consume, and is defined as the flesh (skeletal muscles) of animals used as food. In addition to protein and fat, meat is a significant source of several micronutrients (minerals and vitamins). Edible offal is also a form of meat which is used as food, but which is not skeletal muscles, and in general possesses higher contents of some micronutrients, especially minerals and vitamins, than muscular tissue. Minerals are the inorganic elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, which remain behind in the ash when food is incinerated. They are usually divided into two groups – macrominerals (main elements) and microminerals (trace elements) or into three groups – main elements (macrominerals), trace elements (microminerals) and ultra-trace elements. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing literature on the content of nine most abundant minerals (potassium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese) in the major raw pork meat cuts (tenderloin, ham, loin and shoulder) and edible offal (tongue, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, brain and spinal cord) from indigenous pigs. The mineral levels in raw pork meat and pig edible offal are variable, ranging from 175.7 to 463.8 mg/100g for potassium; 159 to 502.0 mg/100g for phosphorous; 38.11 to 158.4 mg/100g for sodium; 8.3 to 28.5 mg/100g for magnesium; 4.61 to 26.02 mg/100g for calcium; 0.67 to 6.47 mg/100g for zinc; 0.55 to 45.59 mg/100g for iron; 0.10 to 0.825 mg/100g for copper; and from 0.0038 to 0.338 mg/100g for manganese.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47180988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sreckovic, A. Tistchenko, Sanja Jevtić, B. Kaludjerovic, S. Pelemiš, Katarina Zarubica, V. Zarubica
Scattering of optical photons from the view of parallel methods related to absorption, scattering, fluorescence, reflection with inclusion of the polarization states of laser beams from experiment and theory give many possibilities for obtaining indirect data on material, processes, and dynamics. As a method with minimal perturbations, if low power beams are involved, certain type of data is provided. In fundamental dependences of various material properties, many phenomenological and basic laws are covered. Several coupled variables, primarily with the processes of scattering, pointing out further possibilities for linking the obtained theoretical or experimental results were presented. By including simulations, this associates with biological environments / variables for properties equivalent to defined tissues, cells, and characteristics. Along with selected formalisms including Stokes vectors and scattering matrices, a biological cell as an object can be monitored in time and influence of various environments could be predicted. Connecting Kerr’s effect with depolarization and scattering makes the complete description of molecule possible. Angular scattering observation with experimental possibilities gives the fastest practical data. This enables interpretation of E. coli with the application of Stokes vector formalisms. A relatively small number of material constants for many simulation cases could give draft estimation, but the experiment depends on the measuring devices and samples. The necessary symmetries showing the size of the scattering centers are analyzed, with the scattering data for some liquids (known / less known). From measured data, depolarization could be calculated, and with refractive index (molar refraction) connection with Kerr effect/ birefringence for selected solutions and behavior of molecules could be monitored. From the experimental Rayleigh factors, cross section (apparent/ effective) and attenuation coefficients for pure liquids were calculated. An approach for the correct assessment of the measurement uncertainty in the process of calibration of polyethylene samples was used.
{"title":"Laser scattering, optical constants and connection to other material performances (Kerr constant, mobility/diffusion coefficient/electrophoresis and depolarization)","authors":"M. Sreckovic, A. Tistchenko, Sanja Jevtić, B. Kaludjerovic, S. Pelemiš, Katarina Zarubica, V. Zarubica","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901055s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901055s","url":null,"abstract":"Scattering of optical photons from the view of parallel methods related to absorption, scattering, fluorescence, reflection with inclusion of the polarization states of laser beams from experiment and theory give many possibilities for obtaining indirect data on material, processes, and dynamics. As a method with minimal perturbations, if low power beams are involved, certain type of data is provided. In fundamental dependences of various material properties, many phenomenological and basic laws are covered. Several coupled variables, primarily with the processes of scattering, pointing out further possibilities for linking the obtained theoretical or experimental results were presented. By including simulations, this associates with biological environments / variables for properties equivalent to defined tissues, cells, and characteristics. Along with selected formalisms including Stokes vectors and scattering matrices, a biological cell as an object can be monitored in time and influence of various environments could be predicted. Connecting Kerr’s effect with depolarization and scattering makes the complete description of molecule possible. Angular scattering observation with experimental possibilities gives the fastest practical data. This enables interpretation of E. coli with the application of Stokes vector formalisms. A relatively small number of material constants for many simulation cases could give draft estimation, but the experiment depends on the measuring devices and samples. The necessary symmetries showing the size of the scattering centers are analyzed, with the scattering data for some liquids (known / less known). From measured data, depolarization could be calculated, and with refractive index (molar refraction) connection with Kerr effect/ birefringence for selected solutions and behavior of molecules could be monitored. From the experimental Rayleigh factors, cross section (apparent/ effective) and attenuation coefficients for pure liquids were calculated. An approach for the correct assessment of the measurement uncertainty in the process of calibration of polyethylene samples was used.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46979618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of phenolic compounds as one of the most common organic pollutants in natural water (surface and ground waters) has been detected as a worldwide problem. Very small concentrations of phenols affect the quality of both environmental and household waters, and directly or indirectly impact lives in aquatic systems and humans, as well. Most of the organic compounds, containing certain functional groups, such as amino, amines, carbonyl, hydroxyl, groups containing sulfur and others, have shown ability of adsorption on metal surfaces from aqueous solutions. Cyclic voltammetry (dE/dt = 100 mV s-1) with simultaneous monitoring of the double layer (dl) capacitance (at 100 Hz and 1 mV ac signal) was used for an adsorption study of phenol on polycrystalline gold from 0.5 mol dm-3 aqueous solutions of NaHCO3. Thus, in this study an effort was made to establish a fast method, an electrochemical procedure for qualitative and quantitative determination of phenols in natural water systems.
{"title":"Adsorption of phenol on polycrystalline gold from aqueous solutions","authors":"D. Chamovska, A. P. Kujundziski","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901051c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901051c","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of phenolic compounds as one of the most common organic pollutants in natural water (surface and ground waters) has been detected as a worldwide problem. Very small concentrations of phenols affect the quality of both environmental and household waters, and directly or indirectly impact lives in aquatic systems and humans, as well. Most of the organic compounds, containing certain functional groups, such as amino, amines, carbonyl, hydroxyl, groups containing sulfur and others, have shown ability of adsorption on metal surfaces from aqueous solutions. Cyclic voltammetry (dE/dt = 100 mV s-1) with simultaneous monitoring of the double layer (dl) capacitance (at 100 Hz and 1 mV ac signal) was used for an adsorption study of phenol on polycrystalline gold from 0.5 mol dm-3 aqueous solutions of NaHCO3. Thus, in this study an effort was made to establish a fast method, an electrochemical procedure for qualitative and quantitative determination of phenols in natural water systems.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44444197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tóth, C. Németh, E. Ayari, K. Pásztor-Huszár, I. Zeke, K. Hidas, L. Friedrich
Emerging technologies, like High Hydrostatic Pressure, heat treatments on low temperatures, and ultra-sonication, have an increasing tendency in industrial application. Vitamin enriched foods, like eggs, are considered as functional foods, but for high retention of biologically active compounds adequate minimal processing technologies are needed. In our study vitamin C enriched liquid egg white was examined to meet consumer expectations. Several combinations of low temperature pasteurization (57 - 63°C, 5 – 7 min) and High Hydrostatic Pressure (350, 5 min) were used to provide microbiological stability of vitamin C enriched (1000 mg/L) liquid egg white. After enrichment and treatments, the samples were examined for mesophyll aerobe and Enterobacteriaceae cell counts and viscosity attributes. Our results show that microbiological stability is not significantly influenced by vitamin C enrichment, but the different parameters of heat treatments and HHP have a strong effect. Viscosity attributes (measured with Anton Paar MCR 92) analysed by Hershel-Bulkley models point out that higher pressure of HHP has a stronger influence on viscosity than the temperature of pasteurization. Our results show a great opportunity for industrial use of minimal processing technologies for liquid egg white.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF MINIMAL PROCESSING AND VITAMIN C ENRICHMENT ON MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY AND VISCOSITY OF LIQUID EGG WHITE","authors":"A. Tóth, C. Németh, E. Ayari, K. Pásztor-Huszár, I. Zeke, K. Hidas, L. Friedrich","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901046t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901046t","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging technologies, like High Hydrostatic Pressure, heat treatments on low temperatures, and ultra-sonication, have an increasing tendency in industrial application. Vitamin enriched foods, like eggs, are considered as functional foods, but for high retention of biologically active compounds adequate minimal processing technologies are needed. In our study vitamin C enriched liquid egg white was examined to meet consumer expectations. Several combinations of low temperature pasteurization (57 - 63°C, 5 – 7 min) and High Hydrostatic Pressure (350, 5 min) were used to provide microbiological stability of vitamin C enriched (1000 mg/L) liquid egg white. After enrichment and treatments, the samples were examined for mesophyll aerobe and Enterobacteriaceae cell counts and viscosity attributes. Our results show that microbiological stability is not significantly influenced by vitamin C enrichment, but the different parameters of heat treatments and HHP have a strong effect. Viscosity attributes (measured with Anton Paar MCR 92) analysed by Hershel-Bulkley models point out that higher pressure of HHP has a stronger influence on viscosity than the temperature of pasteurization. Our results show a great opportunity for industrial use of minimal processing technologies for liquid egg white.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46577342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aims of this study were to determine improved kineticparameters in five kinetic models for oxidation of n-butane intomaleic anhydride in an industrial fixed-bed reactor, and tosimulate the reactor performance. On the basis of the measuredprocess parameters, inlet and outlet concentrations of n-butanewere calculated and then used to fit the kinetic models. Theindustrial fixed-bed reactor was approximated by 10 continuousstirred tank reactors (CSTR) connected in series. Based on thecalculated outlet concentration of n-butane from the industrialreactor, the outlet concentration of n-butane from thepenultimate reactor was calculated. Then the concentrations ofn-butane were calculated until the inlet concentration of nbutanein the first reactor was obtained. Kinetic parameterswere determined by comparing the inlet concentrations of nbutanein the first reactor with the inlet concentration of nbutaneobtained on the basis of the measured processparameters in the industrial fixed-bed reactor. Kinetic modelswith improved kinetic parameters showed better simulationresults compared to kinetic models with the existing kineticparameters. The best agreement of simulation results andmeasured values was achieved with application of the kineticmodel 2 (Equations (2a-c)). The smallest deviations ofnumerical simulation in comparison with measured values of theoutlet pressure of reaction mixture were 0.45, 0.75 and 0.75%for application of the kinetic model 3 (Equations (3a-c)). Thepercentage deviations of numerical simulation with improvedkinetic parameters and the existing kinetic parameters incomparison with measured values of inside reactor temperaturewere in the range 0.90-5.36% and in the range 4.17-9.78%(kinetic model 2, Equations (2a-c)), respectively.
{"title":"Determination and Application of Improved Kinetic Parameters for Simulation of Maleic Anhydride Synthesis in Industrial Fixed- Bed Reactor","authors":"Ervin Karić, I. Petric, V. Mićić","doi":"10.7251/jepm1901008k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/jepm1901008k","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this study were to determine improved kineticparameters in five kinetic models for oxidation of n-butane intomaleic anhydride in an industrial fixed-bed reactor, and tosimulate the reactor performance. On the basis of the measuredprocess parameters, inlet and outlet concentrations of n-butanewere calculated and then used to fit the kinetic models. Theindustrial fixed-bed reactor was approximated by 10 continuousstirred tank reactors (CSTR) connected in series. Based on thecalculated outlet concentration of n-butane from the industrialreactor, the outlet concentration of n-butane from thepenultimate reactor was calculated. Then the concentrations ofn-butane were calculated until the inlet concentration of nbutanein the first reactor was obtained. Kinetic parameterswere determined by comparing the inlet concentrations of nbutanein the first reactor with the inlet concentration of nbutaneobtained on the basis of the measured processparameters in the industrial fixed-bed reactor. Kinetic modelswith improved kinetic parameters showed better simulationresults compared to kinetic models with the existing kineticparameters. The best agreement of simulation results andmeasured values was achieved with application of the kineticmodel 2 (Equations (2a-c)). The smallest deviations ofnumerical simulation in comparison with measured values of theoutlet pressure of reaction mixture were 0.45, 0.75 and 0.75%for application of the kinetic model 3 (Equations (3a-c)). Thepercentage deviations of numerical simulation with improvedkinetic parameters and the existing kinetic parameters incomparison with measured values of inside reactor temperaturewere in the range 0.90-5.36% and in the range 4.17-9.78%(kinetic model 2, Equations (2a-c)), respectively.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42246009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Anđelković, Jelena Masarović, M. Srebrić, S. Drinić
Among cereals, maize has the highest content of bioavailable micronutrients in grain, particularly β-carotene and α-tocopherol, which makes this crop the most appropriate for biofortification. Great genetic variability is a valuable source of micronutrients, and genotypes with enhanced grain content could be used for improvement of commercial hybrids or synthetic populations creation. Three populations with dark orange, dark red and red grain, five elite lines, and their crosses were evaluated for β-carotene and α-tocopherol content. Based on obtained results, line (L5) could be further used in breeding for increased β-carotene content, and population with dark orange grain (P1) is recommended as a good source for multi-nutrient biofortification for both β-carotene and α-tocopherol. Three lines (L1, L2 and L5) had significantly higher value of α-tocopherol in crosses with dark red population (P2), compared to lines per se, and require several cycles of back-crossing for increase nutrient content.
{"title":"Pigmented maize - a potential source of β-carotene and α-tocopherol","authors":"V. Anđelković, Jelena Masarović, M. Srebrić, S. Drinić","doi":"10.7251/JEPM181002001A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/JEPM181002001A","url":null,"abstract":"Among cereals, maize has the highest content of bioavailable micronutrients in grain, particularly β-carotene and α-tocopherol, which makes this crop the most appropriate for biofortification. Great genetic variability is a valuable source of micronutrients, and genotypes with enhanced grain content could be used for improvement of commercial hybrids or synthetic populations creation. Three populations with dark orange, dark red and red grain, five elite lines, and their crosses were evaluated for β-carotene and α-tocopherol content. Based on obtained results, line (L5) could be further used in breeding for increased β-carotene content, and population with dark orange grain (P1) is recommended as a good source for multi-nutrient biofortification for both β-carotene and α-tocopherol. Three lines (L1, L2 and L5) had significantly higher value of α-tocopherol in crosses with dark red population (P2), compared to lines per se, and require several cycles of back-crossing for increase nutrient content.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Mijatović, Milica Perić, Luka Matović, Marija Ristović, Saša Ž. Drmanić
U ovom radu je izvršena sinteza šest estarskih derivata 2,6 dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline: dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-fenil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5 dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-1,4 dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(4’ nitrofenil)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata i dietil-4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata. Dobijena jedinjenja su zatim korišćena kao polazna za sintezu sledećih amida: 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(4’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida i 4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida. Amidni derivati 2,6-dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline su sintetisani u cilju utvrđivanja uticaja tipa i položaja supstituenta u molekulu na antioksidativnu aktivnost. Iz ove serije, najnižu vrednost IC50, tj. najbolju antioksidativnu aktivnost je pokazao 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid, dok su zanemarljive vrednosti pokazali 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid i 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid. Ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti je izvršeno merenjem sposobnosti jedinjenja da hvataju slobodne radikale primenom metode inhibicije pomoću DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazil) radikala. Sintetisana jedinjenja su okarakterisana temperaturom topljenja, elementalnom analizom i FT-IR spektroskopijom.
{"title":"Sinteza, karakterizacija i ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti estarskih i amidnih derivata 2,6-dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline","authors":"T. Mijatović, Milica Perić, Luka Matović, Marija Ristović, Saša Ž. Drmanić","doi":"10.7251/JEPM181002008M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/JEPM181002008M","url":null,"abstract":"U ovom radu je izvršena sinteza šest estarskih derivata 2,6 dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline: dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-fenil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5 dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-1,4 dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-2,6-dimetil-4-(4’ nitrofenil)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata, dietil-4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata i dietil-4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilata. Dobijena jedinjenja su zatim korišćena kao polazna za sintezu sledećih amida: 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 2,6-dimetil-4-(4’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida, 4-(3’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida i 4-(4’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamida. Amidni derivati 2,6-dimetil-4-supstituisane-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksilne kiseline su sintetisani u cilju utvrđivanja uticaja tipa i položaja supstituenta u molekulu na antioksidativnu aktivnost. Iz ove serije, najnižu vrednost IC50, tj. najbolju antioksidativnu aktivnost je pokazao 4-(2’-hidroksifenil)-2,6-dimetil-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid, dok su zanemarljive vrednosti pokazali 2,6-dimetil-4-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid i 2,6-dimetil-4-(3’-nitrofenil)-N3,N5-di(tiazol-2-il)-1,4-dihidropiridin-3,5-dikarboksiamid. Ispitivanje antioksidativne aktivnosti je izvršeno merenjem sposobnosti jedinjenja da hvataju slobodne radikale primenom metode inhibicije pomoću DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazil) radikala. Sintetisana jedinjenja su okarakterisana temperaturom topljenja, elementalnom analizom i FT-IR spektroskopijom.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48376044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Zambelli, L. Í. F. Pinto, Edilberto Cordeiro dos Santos Junior, Ana Carolina Viana de Lima, Mayara L. Goiana, L. G. Mendonça, Bárbara Guerra Rodrigues
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of black sesame andflaxseed flour addition in different proportions on bread quality.The bread formulations were developed through the RotationalCentral Composite Design (RCCD). The independent variableswere: black sesame and flaxseed flour which incorporated inamounts from 25.85% to 54.15%. The effect of the ingredients onbread quality was evaluated through physical parameters (specificvolume, expansion index and volume produced). Statisticalanalysis was performed using response surface methodology andthe two formulations with better technical performance weresubmitted to proximate composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash,carbohydrates and calcium), crumb structure, scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and sensorial analysis. It has been found thatblack sesame promotes greater reductions in the mass expansioncapacity than flax meal. There was an improvement in thenutritional value of the loaves by increasing the protein content,ashes, fat and calcium, in addition to the reduction ofcarbohydrates. The breads developed had good acceptability in allevaluated attributes. In this way, the inclusion of black sesameand flaxseed flour as ingredients in bread formulations promotesproducts with technological and sensorial quality.
{"title":"Effect of black sesame (Sesamum indicum) and flaxseed flour (Linum usitatissimum) on bread quality using surface response methodology","authors":"R. A. Zambelli, L. Í. F. Pinto, Edilberto Cordeiro dos Santos Junior, Ana Carolina Viana de Lima, Mayara L. Goiana, L. G. Mendonça, Bárbara Guerra Rodrigues","doi":"10.7251/JEPM181002032Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/JEPM181002032Z","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the effect of black sesame andflaxseed flour addition in different proportions on bread quality.The bread formulations were developed through the RotationalCentral Composite Design (RCCD). The independent variableswere: black sesame and flaxseed flour which incorporated inamounts from 25.85% to 54.15%. The effect of the ingredients onbread quality was evaluated through physical parameters (specificvolume, expansion index and volume produced). Statisticalanalysis was performed using response surface methodology andthe two formulations with better technical performance weresubmitted to proximate composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash,carbohydrates and calcium), crumb structure, scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and sensorial analysis. It has been found thatblack sesame promotes greater reductions in the mass expansioncapacity than flax meal. There was an improvement in thenutritional value of the loaves by increasing the protein content,ashes, fat and calcium, in addition to the reduction ofcarbohydrates. The breads developed had good acceptability in allevaluated attributes. In this way, the inclusion of black sesameand flaxseed flour as ingredients in bread formulations promotesproducts with technological and sensorial quality.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41636678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While a liquid is dripping out of a capillary tube, there is a possibility to affect the characteristics of the exiting flow in certain ways. One of the ways already used is by introducing an electric field that can be used to change the average droplet diameter and the droplet size distribution. This process is called electrospraying, while the theory behind it is sometimes called electrohydrodynamics (EHD). This phenomenon has been investigated for more than a hundred years both empirically and theoretically. In this paper, a review of the available literature and the empirical and theoretical findings is presented. A new classification of the electrospray modes had to be given to include all the different modes mentioned by different authors. The necessary pieces of the equipment and their different types are also given.
{"title":"Review of electrospray observations and theory","authors":"S. Bošković, B. Bugarski","doi":"10.7251/JEPM181002041B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7251/JEPM181002041B","url":null,"abstract":"While a liquid is dripping out of a capillary tube, there is a possibility to affect the characteristics of the exiting flow in certain ways. One of the ways already used is by introducing an electric field that can be used to change the average droplet diameter and the droplet size distribution. This process is called electrospraying, while the theory behind it is sometimes called electrohydrodynamics (EHD). This phenomenon has been investigated for more than a hundred years both empirically and theoretically. In this paper, a review of the available literature and the empirical and theoretical findings is presented. A new classification of the electrospray modes had to be given to include all the different modes mentioned by different authors. The necessary pieces of the equipment and their different types are also given.","PeriodicalId":53038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Processing Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47977367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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