Pub Date : 2019-01-07DOI: 10.26480/GBR.01.2019.28.29
Jong E Cheng
Effective fleet management in surface mining is crucial to optimize the cost of surface mining. A complete method to determine the match factor for heterogeneous excavator-truck combination at Merit Pila Coalfield, Sarawak will be presented in this paper. This application is a fast and easy way to quantify the effectiveness of the fleet in mining. The match factor of 1.09 was obtained and proven by observation with the queuing length of one truck at one of the excavators. This result is crucial for the mining engineers to quantify and evaluate the existing performance and plan for more effective excavator-truck combination and scheduling in the near future.
{"title":"MATCH FACTOR DETERMINATION OF EXCAVATOR-TRUCK COMBINATION IN SURFACE MINING: CASE STUDY OF MERIT PILA COALFIELD, SARAWAK","authors":"Jong E Cheng","doi":"10.26480/GBR.01.2019.28.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/GBR.01.2019.28.29","url":null,"abstract":"Effective fleet management in surface mining is crucial to optimize the cost of surface mining. A complete method to determine the match factor for heterogeneous excavator-truck combination at Merit Pila Coalfield, Sarawak will be presented in this paper. This application is a fast and easy way to quantify the effectiveness of the fleet in mining. The match factor of 1.09 was obtained and proven by observation with the queuing length of one truck at one of the excavators. This result is crucial for the mining engineers to quantify and evaluate the existing performance and plan for more effective excavator-truck combination and scheduling in the near future.","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73043105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.26480/GBR.02.2018.21.24
Lee Kiun You, I. Rahim
{"title":"TUNNEL EVALUATION IN CROCKER FORMATION BY GEOLOGICAL STRENGTH INDEX (GSI) SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY","authors":"Lee Kiun You, I. Rahim","doi":"10.26480/GBR.02.2018.21.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/GBR.02.2018.21.24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73681533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.26480/gbr.02.2018.25.30
H. F. W. Soehady Erfen, Aiman Nabila Abdul Malik
{"title":"STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF ROCK SLOPES FROM RANAU, SABAH USING MODIFIED D-SLOPE METHOD","authors":"H. F. W. Soehady Erfen, Aiman Nabila Abdul Malik","doi":"10.26480/gbr.02.2018.25.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2018.25.30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89523241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.26480/gbr.02.2018.10.16
Muhd Nur Ismail Abdul Rahman, Sanudin Hj. Tahir
{"title":"MEASURED SECTION FOR THE POSSIBLE STRATOTYPE OF THE MIRI FORMATION, AT MIRI HILL, NORTH SARAWAK, MALAYSIA","authors":"Muhd Nur Ismail Abdul Rahman, Sanudin Hj. Tahir","doi":"10.26480/gbr.02.2018.10.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2018.10.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82034452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.26480/GBR.02.2018.17.20
Muhammad Umar Sarimal, S. Tahir
{"title":"TIDE-DOMINATED SHORELINE DEPOSITS IN THE NEOGEN SEQUENCE AT SEBATIK ISLAND, MALAYSIA","authors":"Muhammad Umar Sarimal, S. Tahir","doi":"10.26480/GBR.02.2018.17.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/GBR.02.2018.17.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73531044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.26480/gbr.02.2018.01.09
R. Roslee, F. Tongkul
The geology along the Kimanis to Keningau Highway provides a favourable setting for engineering geological instability. The area is underlain by the Crocker Formation (Late Eocene to Early Miocene age) to vary recent Quaternary alluvial materials which are still being deposited. Crocker Formation consists mostly of interbedded grey sandstones and grey mudstones or shales. The sandstones are texturally immature where angular to subrounded quarts grains are cemented by clay minerals and occasionally by calcite. The Crocker Formation has also undergone intense deformation. The tectonic complexities influenced the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks, resulting in a high degree of weathering and instability. The weathered materials are unstable and may experience sliding due to by high pore pressure and intensively geomorphological processes. In this study, a total of 28 selected critical slope failures were studied and classified into two main groups: rock slope and soil slope. Failures in soil slopes (including embankments) are 18 (64 %) whereas 10 of all failures (36 %) of rock slope. Soil slope failures normally involved large volumes of failed material as compared much rock slopes, where the failures are mostly small. Of the 18 failures in soil slopes, 6 (33 %) are embankment failures making them 21 % of all types of failures. Kinematics rock slope analyses indicates that the variable potential of circular, planar, wedges and toppling failures modes as well as the combination of more than one mode of aforementioned failure. Rock and soil slopes stability analysis indicates that the factor of safety value as unsafe (0.50 to 0.96). The main factors causing slope failure occurrences in the study area are natural (geology, meteorology, topography and drainage system) and human factors (lack of proper planning, human activities and community’s attitude). Development planning has to consider the hazard and environmental management program. This engineering geological study should be prioritized and take into consideration in the initial step in all infrastructures program and it may play a vital role in landslide hazard and risk assessment to ensure the public safety.
{"title":"ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE SLOPE FAILURE ALONG THE KIMANIS TO KENINGAU HIGHWAY, SABAH, MALAYSIA","authors":"R. Roslee, F. Tongkul","doi":"10.26480/gbr.02.2018.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2018.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"The geology along the Kimanis to Keningau Highway provides a favourable setting for engineering geological instability. The area is underlain by the Crocker Formation (Late Eocene to Early Miocene age) to vary recent Quaternary alluvial materials which are still being deposited. Crocker Formation consists mostly of interbedded grey sandstones and grey mudstones or shales. The sandstones are texturally immature where angular to subrounded quarts grains are cemented by clay minerals and occasionally by calcite. The Crocker Formation has also undergone intense deformation. The tectonic complexities influenced the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks, resulting in a high degree of weathering and instability. The weathered materials are unstable and may experience sliding due to by high pore pressure and intensively geomorphological processes. In this study, a total of 28 selected critical slope failures were studied and classified into two main groups: rock slope and soil slope. Failures in soil slopes (including embankments) are 18 (64 %) whereas 10 of all failures (36 %) of rock slope. Soil slope failures normally involved large volumes of failed material as compared much rock slopes, where the failures are mostly small. Of the 18 failures in soil slopes, 6 (33 %) are embankment failures making them 21 % of all types of failures. Kinematics rock slope analyses indicates that the variable potential of circular, planar, wedges and toppling failures modes as well as the combination of more than one mode of aforementioned failure. Rock and soil slopes stability analysis indicates that the factor of safety value as unsafe (0.50 to 0.96). The main factors causing slope failure occurrences in the study area are natural (geology, meteorology, topography and drainage system) and human factors (lack of proper planning, human activities and community’s attitude). Development planning has to consider the hazard and environmental management program. This engineering geological study should be prioritized and take into consideration in the initial step in all infrastructures program and it may play a vital role in landslide hazard and risk assessment to ensure the public safety.","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86616186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.26480/GBR.01.2018.12.17
I. Rahim, S. Tahir, B. Musta, R. Roslee
The study area is underlined by Crocker Formation of Eocene to late Early Miocene age and Quaternary deposit. Rapid urbanization activities have caused changes in land use. These activities accelerate higher rate of weathering, surface runoff, soil erosion and siltation. Urbanization processes may contribute to exposure of impervious surface, loss of vegetation cover, modification of slope gradient and drainage system. This study provides strong evidence that urbanization at the study area negatively affects the natural environment. Soil erosion, siltation, poor water quality and flash floods are common within the study area in the event of heavy rainstorm. The main factors causing environmental problem in the study area are natural (geology, meteorology, geography, topography and drainage system) and human (lack of proper planning, human activities and community’s attitude). Therefore, any activity which potentially causing environmental problem must be implemented efficiently. Strict enforcement of environmental (soil erosion, siltation, water quality and flash flood) regulation and sustainable land use planning and management is crucial. Serious efforts to increase the community’s awareness to environmental problem and reconstruction of natural ecosystem must be taken. This is to ensure that future activities in the study area will not cause further damage to natural environmental condition or ecosystem.
{"title":"URBANIZATION VS. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: SOME OBSERVATION IN TELIPOK, SABAH, MALAYSIA","authors":"I. Rahim, S. Tahir, B. Musta, R. Roslee","doi":"10.26480/GBR.01.2018.12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/GBR.01.2018.12.17","url":null,"abstract":"The study area is underlined by Crocker Formation of Eocene to late Early Miocene age and Quaternary deposit. Rapid urbanization activities have caused changes in land use. These activities accelerate higher rate of weathering, surface runoff, soil erosion and siltation. Urbanization processes may contribute to exposure of impervious surface, loss of vegetation cover, modification of slope gradient and drainage system. This study provides strong evidence that urbanization at the study area negatively affects the natural environment. Soil erosion, siltation, poor water quality and flash floods are common within the study area in the event of heavy rainstorm. The main factors causing environmental problem in the study area are natural (geology, meteorology, geography, topography and drainage system) and human (lack of proper planning, human activities and community’s attitude). Therefore, any activity which potentially causing environmental problem must be implemented efficiently. Strict enforcement of environmental (soil erosion, siltation, water quality and flash flood) regulation and sustainable land use planning and management is crucial. Serious efforts to increase the community’s awareness to environmental problem and reconstruction of natural ecosystem must be taken. This is to ensure that future activities in the study area will not cause further damage to natural environmental condition or ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"39 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81976657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.26480/gbr.02.2022.101.106
Oladosu S. O, E. R.
Geodetic observations for both vertical and horizontal control networks cannot be compromised for any reason in accuracy and precision in the field of geomatics. Due to the error-prone nature of survey measurements, standards are established to allow for comparing the obtained results with a set of guidelines, regulations, or pre-determined specifications. The University of Benin’s Ugbowo Campus in Nigeria does not have enough control points, which informs this study. The densification of more reliable control points using the most recent technology is necessary. Before the observations, control network design, excavation, casting, and monumentation of first-order compliance beacons had been completed. Eight GNSS receivers were connected to the CORS_Geosystems multi-link access point and simultaneously deployed for observations. The stages involve the adjustment of observed data, the presentation of adjusted results, and the determination of horizontal and vertical accuracies. The result of horizontal accuracy showed that the RAPH_GNSS_08 station had the highest horizontal accuracy standard ratio of 1:432,193, while the Raph_GNSS_04 station had the lowest, 1:133,271. The highest vertical accuracy standard was 4.0mm, achieved between Cors_Geo and RAPH_GNSS_09, while the lowest, which was 3.1mm, was observed between Cors_Geo and RAPH_GNSS_08. High-precision engineering projects in the research area will benefit from the established first-order controls in terms of execution, monitoring, and maintenance. The Surveyors Council of Nigeria (SURCON) has recommended GNSS as one of the methods for achieving geodetic control densification in Nigeria.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF 3D POSITIONAL ACCURACY OF GEODETIC OBSERVATIONS FROM SINGLE CORS","authors":"Oladosu S. O, E. R.","doi":"10.26480/gbr.02.2022.101.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2022.101.106","url":null,"abstract":"Geodetic observations for both vertical and horizontal control networks cannot be compromised for any reason in accuracy and precision in the field of geomatics. Due to the error-prone nature of survey measurements, standards are established to allow for comparing the obtained results with a set of guidelines, regulations, or pre-determined specifications. The University of Benin’s Ugbowo Campus in Nigeria does not have enough control points, which informs this study. The densification of more reliable control points using the most recent technology is necessary. Before the observations, control network design, excavation, casting, and monumentation of first-order compliance beacons had been completed. Eight GNSS receivers were connected to the CORS_Geosystems multi-link access point and simultaneously deployed for observations. The stages involve the adjustment of observed data, the presentation of adjusted results, and the determination of horizontal and vertical accuracies. The result of horizontal accuracy showed that the RAPH_GNSS_08 station had the highest horizontal accuracy standard ratio of 1:432,193, while the Raph_GNSS_04 station had the lowest, 1:133,271. The highest vertical accuracy standard was 4.0mm, achieved between Cors_Geo and RAPH_GNSS_09, while the lowest, which was 3.1mm, was observed between Cors_Geo and RAPH_GNSS_08. High-precision engineering projects in the research area will benefit from the established first-order controls in terms of execution, monitoring, and maintenance. The Surveyors Council of Nigeria (SURCON) has recommended GNSS as one of the methods for achieving geodetic control densification in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":53043,"journal":{"name":"Geological Behavior","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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