The article focuses on the comparative analysis of Margaret Atwood's 1985 novel and Bruce Miller's (2017) TV adaptation of The Handmaid's Tale. Special attention in the paper is given to the construction of the main character's identity in the respective media, most particularly the fact that in the Hulu series (2017-2022) the main character is depicted as a modern feminist activist constantly offering resistance to repressive ideology, unlike in the novel in which her new identity completely erases memories of prior existence and is compliant with inhuman treatment in Gilead. Just like Atwood, Miller applies the strategy of the interior monologue and intensifies its impact by using voice-over narration and italic subtitles that turn the audience into a secret confidante and willing ally in the main character's struggle against repressive heteronormative and misogynist rules. This thought-provoking platform of expression is purposefully used by Miller in order to emphasize the importance of storytelling as a subversive act of resistance. With the help of Atwood herself, who has been collaborating with the series cast, producers, and director in screenwriting, this TV adaptation draws attention to contemporary issues of political conflicts, sexual slavery, war, toxic pollution, poverty, LGBTQ, women's rights, as well as the need to address these issues and ultimately influence a long-craved social reform. The theoretical framework of the research relies on the concepts of transmedial narratology as elaborated by Thon (2015, 2016), Ryan (2014), Rajewski (2005), Gobyn (2019) and others.
{"title":"Storytelling as an act of subversion: Call for action in Hulu's TV series The Handmaid's Tale","authors":"M. Kaličanin","doi":"10.5937/cm17-37190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-37190","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the comparative analysis of Margaret Atwood's 1985 novel and Bruce Miller's (2017) TV adaptation of The Handmaid's Tale. Special attention in the paper is given to the construction of the main character's identity in the respective media, most particularly the fact that in the Hulu series (2017-2022) the main character is depicted as a modern feminist activist constantly offering resistance to repressive ideology, unlike in the novel in which her new identity completely erases memories of prior existence and is compliant with inhuman treatment in Gilead. Just like Atwood, Miller applies the strategy of the interior monologue and intensifies its impact by using voice-over narration and italic subtitles that turn the audience into a secret confidante and willing ally in the main character's struggle against repressive heteronormative and misogynist rules. This thought-provoking platform of expression is purposefully used by Miller in order to emphasize the importance of storytelling as a subversive act of resistance. With the help of Atwood herself, who has been collaborating with the series cast, producers, and director in screenwriting, this TV adaptation draws attention to contemporary issues of political conflicts, sexual slavery, war, toxic pollution, poverty, LGBTQ, women's rights, as well as the need to address these issues and ultimately influence a long-craved social reform. The theoretical framework of the research relies on the concepts of transmedial narratology as elaborated by Thon (2015, 2016), Ryan (2014), Rajewski (2005), Gobyn (2019) and others.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80254632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the nature of human beings there is a need for mutual exchange of information, ideas, opinions, knowledge. Telling in a simple language, this is the need for communication. It is not an exaggeration to attribute a much stronger function to communication in modern society. It is the basis for connecting individuals, groups and even social communities. Communication is, in addition, a necessary means of civilizational achievements (as an exchange of knowledge and ideas), but also of social and political changes. Although communication is not a process inherent only in modern society, there is no doubt that its explosive significance in the 21st century is directly related to the emergence of the Internet and, in particular, the various Internet platforms through which it takes place in a fast and cheap way. More importantly, information exchanged over the Internet can be learned by an audience of millions at the same time. Of particular importance in this process of expansion of Internet communication certainly belongs to numerous social networks. Among them, the most popular are certainly Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok. Today, there is almost no Internet user who is not at the same time a user of some of the planet's popular social networks. Apart from the advantages of communication in the digital environment and the fact that the Internet has made everyday life much more comfortable, the new era in communication has reopened the question of where the line is between freedom of expression and violation of rights, but also who is responsible for the violation. Although at first glance it may seem that legal science has long given an answer to the questions posed, this paper aims to, by analyzing the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and domestic courts, point out that insufficiently developed legal framework for communication via the Internet can jeopardize the seemingly solid acquis, especially when it comes to the basic rights of man and citizen. We pay special attention to the right to the dignity of the person, i.e. honor and reputation. After analyzing the case law, we will set out the criteria for the delimitation of freedom of expression and the violation of the right to dignity, which provide the necessary legal certainty, especially in times of dominant communication via the Internet.
{"title":"Freedom of expression or violation of honor and reputation?","authors":"Sanja Savčić, Bojan Pajtić","doi":"10.5937/cm17-34621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-34621","url":null,"abstract":"In the nature of human beings there is a need for mutual exchange of information, ideas, opinions, knowledge. Telling in a simple language, this is the need for communication. It is not an exaggeration to attribute a much stronger function to communication in modern society. It is the basis for connecting individuals, groups and even social communities. Communication is, in addition, a necessary means of civilizational achievements (as an exchange of knowledge and ideas), but also of social and political changes. Although communication is not a process inherent only in modern society, there is no doubt that its explosive significance in the 21st century is directly related to the emergence of the Internet and, in particular, the various Internet platforms through which it takes place in a fast and cheap way. More importantly, information exchanged over the Internet can be learned by an audience of millions at the same time. Of particular importance in this process of expansion of Internet communication certainly belongs to numerous social networks. Among them, the most popular are certainly Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok. Today, there is almost no Internet user who is not at the same time a user of some of the planet's popular social networks. Apart from the advantages of communication in the digital environment and the fact that the Internet has made everyday life much more comfortable, the new era in communication has reopened the question of where the line is between freedom of expression and violation of rights, but also who is responsible for the violation. Although at first glance it may seem that legal science has long given an answer to the questions posed, this paper aims to, by analyzing the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and domestic courts, point out that insufficiently developed legal framework for communication via the Internet can jeopardize the seemingly solid acquis, especially when it comes to the basic rights of man and citizen. We pay special attention to the right to the dignity of the person, i.e. honor and reputation. After analyzing the case law, we will set out the criteria for the delimitation of freedom of expression and the violation of the right to dignity, which provide the necessary legal certainty, especially in times of dominant communication via the Internet.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83413176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the age of digital content, information does not reach people only through standard and established linguistic and genre forms. In addition to hybrids, it is possible to experience many other genres in public, in accordance with the context of current reality. The first journalistic genre singled out from the world of literature -the column -today is not just small-scale literature. There are currents in it that we can observe from the angle of literary and journalistic studies because it retains the standardized genre properties, giving new dimensions of meaning. There is little genealogical research in the field of media. Preserving the features of traditional genres is as difficult as shaping new genres that can be labeled as alternatives. The column in public discourse today is not neglected, but, on the contrary, it attracts the attention of young generations (weeklies, portals, new media platforms such as YouTube or Ted talk). The column as a counter-genre is a proven "habit" of the text to take shape against expectations. The columnist himself determines his genre boundaries. The ironic-parodic, negative, nihilistic side of the column stems from the uncertainty of journalistic discourse. The constant meandering of the form affects its perception. The anti-genre features of the column make it critically oriented towards genealogical conventions. The column has no strict conventions, other than conventions breaking conventions and trying to be "unconventional." The column pushes the boundaries and meanings of genres and contributes to the decentralization of contemporary media discourse. It is becoming the new structural dominant of contemporary journalism.
{"title":"Genological media alternative: Column as an antigenre","authors":"Dobrivoje Stanojević, Lidija Mirkov","doi":"10.5937/cm17-41522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-41522","url":null,"abstract":"In the age of digital content, information does not reach people only through standard and established linguistic and genre forms. In addition to hybrids, it is possible to experience many other genres in public, in accordance with the context of current reality. The first journalistic genre singled out from the world of literature -the column -today is not just small-scale literature. There are currents in it that we can observe from the angle of literary and journalistic studies because it retains the standardized genre properties, giving new dimensions of meaning. There is little genealogical research in the field of media. Preserving the features of traditional genres is as difficult as shaping new genres that can be labeled as alternatives. The column in public discourse today is not neglected, but, on the contrary, it attracts the attention of young generations (weeklies, portals, new media platforms such as YouTube or Ted talk). The column as a counter-genre is a proven \"habit\" of the text to take shape against expectations. The columnist himself determines his genre boundaries. The ironic-parodic, negative, nihilistic side of the column stems from the uncertainty of journalistic discourse. The constant meandering of the form affects its perception. The anti-genre features of the column make it critically oriented towards genealogical conventions. The column has no strict conventions, other than conventions breaking conventions and trying to be \"unconventional.\" The column pushes the boundaries and meanings of genres and contributes to the decentralization of contemporary media discourse. It is becoming the new structural dominant of contemporary journalism.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80931342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper deals with the Covid 19 iconology research, from the beginning of the pandemic at the end of 2019 to the end of 2021. The task of the paper is to determine the way of creating a visible image of the invisible "enemy" and designing stable collective representations. The paper discusses the relationship between black and white images and color images, as well as the relationship between scientific images and stylized, aestheticized and inaccurate coronavirus representations, which enabled the virus, invisible to the eye, to become conceivable globally. The hypothesis of this paper is that mediated reality is transmitted and shaped through visual symbols and coronavirus representations. Although many authors have given their opinion on the uniformity of the coronavirus icon and hence its adaptability in different contexts, the authors of this paper claim that the basic representations of the virus media circulation is the archetypal symbol of the Sun, specifically the Black Sun. The paper also deals with analysis of the frequency of content through the example of the photography that appears 109 times on the official Government of Serbia internet Web page on the Kovid 19 topic, in English, from March 6 2020 to 9 December 2021, and thus, bears different titles and, accordingly, sends different messages. The conclusion of the paper is that the image-icon, the symbol of coronavirus, mainly represents an aestheticized form of real danger and therefore significantly mitigates it, while on the other hand it plays with the archetype of the Sun or Black Sun through its dual nature, i.e. death and transformation.
{"title":"Visible elements of Covid 19 representations: Aestheticization of the Coronavirus' Black Sun","authors":"V. Tomanović, T. Cvetkovski","doi":"10.5937/cm17-35355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-35355","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the Covid 19 iconology research, from the beginning of the pandemic at the end of 2019 to the end of 2021. The task of the paper is to determine the way of creating a visible image of the invisible \"enemy\" and designing stable collective representations. The paper discusses the relationship between black and white images and color images, as well as the relationship between scientific images and stylized, aestheticized and inaccurate coronavirus representations, which enabled the virus, invisible to the eye, to become conceivable globally. The hypothesis of this paper is that mediated reality is transmitted and shaped through visual symbols and coronavirus representations. Although many authors have given their opinion on the uniformity of the coronavirus icon and hence its adaptability in different contexts, the authors of this paper claim that the basic representations of the virus media circulation is the archetypal symbol of the Sun, specifically the Black Sun. The paper also deals with analysis of the frequency of content through the example of the photography that appears 109 times on the official Government of Serbia internet Web page on the Kovid 19 topic, in English, from March 6 2020 to 9 December 2021, and thus, bears different titles and, accordingly, sends different messages. The conclusion of the paper is that the image-icon, the symbol of coronavirus, mainly represents an aestheticized form of real danger and therefore significantly mitigates it, while on the other hand it plays with the archetype of the Sun or Black Sun through its dual nature, i.e. death and transformation.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90484762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Formulating and respecting professional codes of ethics regarding the duties of journalists, which they should adhere to in the practice of journalism, as a kind of "model" of ethical attitudes, and teaching them how to act in accordance with moral values and norms of their profession, is what saves, rehabilitates and then promotes one profession. Ethical principles are far more than a necessity! The code of ethical journalism must no longer be seen as a "dead letter on paper", a "mere document", but as an opportunity to set and accept certain moral norms that over time should be incorporated into one's professional conduct. This makes the profession easier to perform and makes life easier because it motivates concrete and active action in that area, as well as an objective judgment about such action. In general, without a high moral structure of journalism, it is illusory to expect good functioning and development of democracy in one society!
{"title":"On the indisputable importance of codes of ethics in journalism","authors":"Dejan Donev, M. Vojinović","doi":"10.5937/cm17-37252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-37252","url":null,"abstract":"Formulating and respecting professional codes of ethics regarding the duties of journalists, which they should adhere to in the practice of journalism, as a kind of \"model\" of ethical attitudes, and teaching them how to act in accordance with moral values and norms of their profession, is what saves, rehabilitates and then promotes one profession. Ethical principles are far more than a necessity! The code of ethical journalism must no longer be seen as a \"dead letter on paper\", a \"mere document\", but as an opportunity to set and accept certain moral norms that over time should be incorporated into one's professional conduct. This makes the profession easier to perform and makes life easier because it motivates concrete and active action in that area, as well as an objective judgment about such action. In general, without a high moral structure of journalism, it is illusory to expect good functioning and development of democracy in one society!","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81400873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of internet-based social networks intertwines with the mundane, and the practices and contents originating from the networks are a crucial part of individual identity constructions (Van Dijck 2013). Instagram is a social network on which users post images and short videos of users, and therefore identity and social constructs are built using visual means (Serafinelli 2018). Stemming from the theoretical framework of culture studies which focus on the social-contextual specifics of using social networking sites, the aim of this research is to offer an insight into the way one specific group - mothers of young children (from new-borns to five-year-olds) builds and presents their identity on Instagram. This research has attempted to answer the questions of how mothers of young children describe the practice of using Instagram, the way they present themselves and their children, how they establish the border between (semi-)public and private, how they observe their audience on Instagram. The basic research method consists of individual in-depth interviews with twenty mothers of young children who are active users of the internet-based social network Instagram. It has been determined that the mothers of young children use Instagram in order to present their way of life after founding a family and the challenges they face. They emphasize that their children are a crucial part of their identity, and that a photo without them is, therefore, pointless. The mothers are cautious when it comes to the content they post on their profiles, as their children's safety comes first. Due to the presence of photos of their children, most decide to make their profiles private and allow access to the photos only to certain people. The method employed to analyse the transcripts was discourse analysis.
{"title":"Mothers on Instagram: Strategies of representation of the mothers of toddlers","authors":"Sandra Grahovac","doi":"10.5937/cm17-24284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-24284","url":null,"abstract":"The use of internet-based social networks intertwines with the mundane, and the practices and contents originating from the networks are a crucial part of individual identity constructions (Van Dijck 2013). Instagram is a social network on which users post images and short videos of users, and therefore identity and social constructs are built using visual means (Serafinelli 2018). Stemming from the theoretical framework of culture studies which focus on the social-contextual specifics of using social networking sites, the aim of this research is to offer an insight into the way one specific group - mothers of young children (from new-borns to five-year-olds) builds and presents their identity on Instagram. This research has attempted to answer the questions of how mothers of young children describe the practice of using Instagram, the way they present themselves and their children, how they establish the border between (semi-)public and private, how they observe their audience on Instagram. The basic research method consists of individual in-depth interviews with twenty mothers of young children who are active users of the internet-based social network Instagram. It has been determined that the mothers of young children use Instagram in order to present their way of life after founding a family and the challenges they face. They emphasize that their children are a crucial part of their identity, and that a photo without them is, therefore, pointless. The mothers are cautious when it comes to the content they post on their profiles, as their children's safety comes first. Due to the presence of photos of their children, most decide to make their profiles private and allow access to the photos only to certain people. The method employed to analyse the transcripts was discourse analysis.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83539378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of criminal law protection of honor and reputation and imprecise legal conceptual determination of insult, as a basic and general criminal offense against honor and reputation, pointed to the need to determine in theory and court practice the parameters that will help the courts when deciding whether in the particular case the criminal offense of insult exists or not. On this occasion, an objective criterion is applied, according to which an insulting statement is assessed from the aspect of existing customary, moral, and other norms in specific time and space. The variability of the concept of honor, which often changes its content and scope, also creates the need for language analysis of the degrading statements, which can sometimes be helpful in assessing whether in a particular case there is a criminal offense of insult or not. Connecting law with linguistics provides an interdisciplinary overview of the relationship of language, style, and composition of legal documents and their conditionality by specifics of individual fields of law. The attitude to the use of language which exists in legal theory and practice is significant and worth studying, and in the focus of interdisciplinary contribution to this issue, there is a criminal law overview of the use of language tools in criminal offenses against honor and reputation. The legal part of the analysis was used, above all, the dogmatic method in order to determine the true meaning of the analyzed norms, and the normative method as a method of studying the social function of the norms. The historical method was used to show the criminal protection of honor and reputation in various historical periods, which was accompanied by the use of the sociological method to explain social factors of occurrence and development of the phenomena. In order to assess existing normative solutions, the axiological method was used. The language analysis of the criminal offense of insult was performed using a descriptive method, and the content analysis was used as a research technique. For the purposes of research, a special sample was formed, which consists of thirty judgments for the criminal offense of insult. In the corpus of the court judgments of Kragujevac courts, the repertoire of lexical assets used for the purpose of injury to honor and reputation was separated. Sublings of the mother, pejoratives, vulgarism, metaphorical nominations with negative connotation, and lexemes marked by the bearer of socially unacceptable traits and ethnicities used with derogatory meaning are among the most common funds. Public insults in writing, in the form of comments on social networks or forums, have greater weight than orally imposed insults in the presence of several faces.
{"title":"The crime of insult: Legal regulation and language analysis of insult in court judgments","authors":"Višnja Ranđelović, J. Spasić","doi":"10.5937/cm17-36851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-36851","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of criminal law protection of honor and reputation and imprecise legal conceptual determination of insult, as a basic and general criminal offense against honor and reputation, pointed to the need to determine in theory and court practice the parameters that will help the courts when deciding whether in the particular case the criminal offense of insult exists or not. On this occasion, an objective criterion is applied, according to which an insulting statement is assessed from the aspect of existing customary, moral, and other norms in specific time and space. The variability of the concept of honor, which often changes its content and scope, also creates the need for language analysis of the degrading statements, which can sometimes be helpful in assessing whether in a particular case there is a criminal offense of insult or not. Connecting law with linguistics provides an interdisciplinary overview of the relationship of language, style, and composition of legal documents and their conditionality by specifics of individual fields of law. The attitude to the use of language which exists in legal theory and practice is significant and worth studying, and in the focus of interdisciplinary contribution to this issue, there is a criminal law overview of the use of language tools in criminal offenses against honor and reputation. The legal part of the analysis was used, above all, the dogmatic method in order to determine the true meaning of the analyzed norms, and the normative method as a method of studying the social function of the norms. The historical method was used to show the criminal protection of honor and reputation in various historical periods, which was accompanied by the use of the sociological method to explain social factors of occurrence and development of the phenomena. In order to assess existing normative solutions, the axiological method was used. The language analysis of the criminal offense of insult was performed using a descriptive method, and the content analysis was used as a research technique. For the purposes of research, a special sample was formed, which consists of thirty judgments for the criminal offense of insult. In the corpus of the court judgments of Kragujevac courts, the repertoire of lexical assets used for the purpose of injury to honor and reputation was separated. Sublings of the mother, pejoratives, vulgarism, metaphorical nominations with negative connotation, and lexemes marked by the bearer of socially unacceptable traits and ethnicities used with derogatory meaning are among the most common funds. Public insults in writing, in the form of comments on social networks or forums, have greater weight than orally imposed insults in the presence of several faces.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89380944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the fact that disinformation exists beyond the mass media, space in the media sphere, especially the virtual one, leaves the possibility that disinformation can spread easier and faster, as well as reach a large audience of users of social networks, ie. digital media. With the arrival of the coronavirus, there was a greater need for information, but at the same time the amount of misinformation from various intentions and sources increased. The development of information and communication technologies, ways of communicating and disseminating media content, on the other hand, is in stark contrast to the process of developing media education in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the level of media literacy of citizens who are not ready for new ways of communicating, sources of information and the procedure of participation in the creation of media content. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, media education is not part of the compulsory education system and because of that in this paper we will talk about the attitude of citizens towards misinformation during the coronavirus pandemic, given the level of their general education with the aim of determining whether the level of general education affects the power of perception of misinformation. The results of research conducted by a qualitative method through a focus group and presented by thematic analysis indicate a cause-and-effect relationship between levels of general education and perceptions of misinformation. The final conclusion is that the higher the level of general education means the higher the level of media competencies for deconstructing misinformation and resistance to such content.
{"title":"The attitude of the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina towards misinformation during the coronavirus pandemic with regard to the level of education","authors":"Dragan Trninic, Jovana Bokan","doi":"10.5937/cm17-35973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-35973","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that disinformation exists beyond the mass media, space in the media sphere, especially the virtual one, leaves the possibility that disinformation can spread easier and faster, as well as reach a large audience of users of social networks, ie. digital media. With the arrival of the coronavirus, there was a greater need for information, but at the same time the amount of misinformation from various intentions and sources increased. The development of information and communication technologies, ways of communicating and disseminating media content, on the other hand, is in stark contrast to the process of developing media education in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the level of media literacy of citizens who are not ready for new ways of communicating, sources of information and the procedure of participation in the creation of media content. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, media education is not part of the compulsory education system and because of that in this paper we will talk about the attitude of citizens towards misinformation during the coronavirus pandemic, given the level of their general education with the aim of determining whether the level of general education affects the power of perception of misinformation. The results of research conducted by a qualitative method through a focus group and presented by thematic analysis indicate a cause-and-effect relationship between levels of general education and perceptions of misinformation. The final conclusion is that the higher the level of general education means the higher the level of media competencies for deconstructing misinformation and resistance to such content.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72641835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic of the paper is the role of digital media in the process of socialization of children. Digital media are becoming an increasingly important agent of socialization, they are an indispensable part of everyday life and as such greatly influence our identity, thoughts, political beliefs, and image. Children are the most susceptible to media influence to which they are exposed. Available research conducted on this topic shows that children spend most of their free time on media content. The aim of the paper is to present some of the risks and benefits of using digital media based on a secondary analysis of the literature, but also to point out the importance of media literacy and educational competence of parents in the area of protecting children from the harmful consequences of using digital media. The risks of use are not only related to the time spent with digital media, but also to the quality of the content that children choose. The presented risks of using digital media relate to violent and inappropriate content, social comparison theory, and security threats. The benefits of using digital media are mainly included in learning processes. Media literacy and media pedagogy as interdisciplinary areas are important in the formation of a critical attitude towards media discourse at an early age. Their inclusion in educational systems will contribute to the development of democratic values in society and the fight against racial, religious, gender and other stereotypes. Parents' educational competences and parental mediation are important factors in protecting children from the risks they face on digital platforms. Of the numerous types of parental mediation in controlling children's access to digital media and the use of various applications and tools for those purposes, as an extremely effective method, it is recommended to talk about the dangers of using different media content and the joint use of digital media.
{"title":"The role of digital media in the socialization of children","authors":"J. Rančić","doi":"10.5937/cm17-32342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-32342","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of the paper is the role of digital media in the process of socialization of children. Digital media are becoming an increasingly important agent of socialization, they are an indispensable part of everyday life and as such greatly influence our identity, thoughts, political beliefs, and image. Children are the most susceptible to media influence to which they are exposed. Available research conducted on this topic shows that children spend most of their free time on media content. The aim of the paper is to present some of the risks and benefits of using digital media based on a secondary analysis of the literature, but also to point out the importance of media literacy and educational competence of parents in the area of protecting children from the harmful consequences of using digital media. The risks of use are not only related to the time spent with digital media, but also to the quality of the content that children choose. The presented risks of using digital media relate to violent and inappropriate content, social comparison theory, and security threats. The benefits of using digital media are mainly included in learning processes. Media literacy and media pedagogy as interdisciplinary areas are important in the formation of a critical attitude towards media discourse at an early age. Their inclusion in educational systems will contribute to the development of democratic values in society and the fight against racial, religious, gender and other stereotypes. Parents' educational competences and parental mediation are important factors in protecting children from the risks they face on digital platforms. Of the numerous types of parental mediation in controlling children's access to digital media and the use of various applications and tools for those purposes, as an extremely effective method, it is recommended to talk about the dangers of using different media content and the joint use of digital media.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85479082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper deals with the elements of violent communication in the headlines of daily newspapers in Serbia when it comes to the topic of traffic. Recent media research in Serbia shows a trend of increasing aggressive communication in the media, which has far-reaching consequences for all elements of society. The time sample for which the analysis was performed is the entire year 2020, which was specific because for almost two months a state of emergency was introduced due to the corona virus. The aim of the work is to indicate how much and in what way the use of violent language is noticeable in the daily press, as well as that it is applied in sensitive topics such as the topic of traffic where, according to the standards of professional media ethics, there should be respect for the victims. the injured and their families. The method used for research is content analysis and comparative method. The analysis shows that violent communication dominates in the tabloid media, while it is almost absent in the serious press. Aggressive communication occurs when reporting negative events such as traffic accidents and traffic violations. Jargon language and hyperbole are most often used as a tool for violent communication. Indeed, it was noticed that the topic of traffic is more dominant in the tabloid media. Only the daily newspaper Večernje novosti pays equal attention to news from the black chronicle related to traffic, but also to service information that is important to readers.
{"title":"Violent communication in the headlines of daily newspapers on the subject of traffic during 2020 in the Republic of Serbia","authors":"Nikola Perišić","doi":"10.5937/cm17-40704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-40704","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the elements of violent communication in the headlines of daily newspapers in Serbia when it comes to the topic of traffic. Recent media research in Serbia shows a trend of increasing aggressive communication in the media, which has far-reaching consequences for all elements of society. The time sample for which the analysis was performed is the entire year 2020, which was specific because for almost two months a state of emergency was introduced due to the corona virus. The aim of the work is to indicate how much and in what way the use of violent language is noticeable in the daily press, as well as that it is applied in sensitive topics such as the topic of traffic where, according to the standards of professional media ethics, there should be respect for the victims. the injured and their families. The method used for research is content analysis and comparative method. The analysis shows that violent communication dominates in the tabloid media, while it is almost absent in the serious press. Aggressive communication occurs when reporting negative events such as traffic accidents and traffic violations. Jargon language and hyperbole are most often used as a tool for violent communication. Indeed, it was noticed that the topic of traffic is more dominant in the tabloid media. Only the daily newspaper Večernje novosti pays equal attention to news from the black chronicle related to traffic, but also to service information that is important to readers.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82814946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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