The empirical basis of the work "Representation of women in the magazine 'Odbrana' (eng. translate 'Defense') of the Ministry of Defense of the Serbian Army -analysis of discourse from a gender perspective" stems from the fact that in modern culture there are gender stereotypes and inherited social patterns confirmed and re-placed by the media, those in atypical professions. The aim of this paper is to check the respect of legal measures of gender equality based on the construction of female identity in the representational practice of the chosen medium. Research should offer an understanding of the ways in which media representation renews and produces norms of social life through the prism of the profession. The paper includes research of the content of the magazine "Odbrana" and comparative results that confirm the basic and individual hypotheses. We point out the principle of categorizing women as otherness in the ruling ideologies and their inherent media practices. The methods applied during the research are quantitative and qualitative analysis and critical analysis of discourse. The research corpus includes 2452 newspaper articles. The year 2010 was taken as the first in which the position of women in the army is legally protected, in 2013 in which the implementation of gender content in the magazine should be done in 2020, for an insight into the past decade of inclusive changes. The concluding remarks point to the existence of gender discrimination and propose the fight against gender stereotypes and a turn towards complete freedom of professional choice, achievement and recognition, regardless of gender. The authors of the paper do not deal with the quality of magazine content except exclusively from a gender perspective. The magazine was selected on the basis of the thematic field it deals with and the current laws to which it is subject as a medium independently and as a medium of the institution, a signatory of precisely those laws.
{"title":"Presentation of women in the magazine \"Odbrana\" of the Ministry of Defense of the Serbian army: Analysis of discourse from the perspective of gender","authors":"Zorana Joksimović-Shabazz, Sreten S. Cvetković","doi":"10.5937/cm17-35546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-35546","url":null,"abstract":"The empirical basis of the work \"Representation of women in the magazine 'Odbrana' (eng. translate 'Defense') of the Ministry of Defense of the Serbian Army -analysis of discourse from a gender perspective\" stems from the fact that in modern culture there are gender stereotypes and inherited social patterns confirmed and re-placed by the media, those in atypical professions. The aim of this paper is to check the respect of legal measures of gender equality based on the construction of female identity in the representational practice of the chosen medium. Research should offer an understanding of the ways in which media representation renews and produces norms of social life through the prism of the profession. The paper includes research of the content of the magazine \"Odbrana\" and comparative results that confirm the basic and individual hypotheses. We point out the principle of categorizing women as otherness in the ruling ideologies and their inherent media practices. The methods applied during the research are quantitative and qualitative analysis and critical analysis of discourse. The research corpus includes 2452 newspaper articles. The year 2010 was taken as the first in which the position of women in the army is legally protected, in 2013 in which the implementation of gender content in the magazine should be done in 2020, for an insight into the past decade of inclusive changes. The concluding remarks point to the existence of gender discrimination and propose the fight against gender stereotypes and a turn towards complete freedom of professional choice, achievement and recognition, regardless of gender. The authors of the paper do not deal with the quality of magazine content except exclusively from a gender perspective. The magazine was selected on the basis of the thematic field it deals with and the current laws to which it is subject as a medium independently and as a medium of the institution, a signatory of precisely those laws.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75543127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The text problematizes, from the perspective of media philosophy, the relationship between the philosophical concept of freedom and the possibility of practicing freedom today in the media. The concept of freedom is one of the central themes of all philosophy, while the media is a newer field of research in philosophical-critical thought. Freedom in the media, which we propose in our article, is understood as a self-evident phenomenon. It is mostly spoken of on the basis of segmented, bureaucratically articulated "standards" that are often reduced to numbers, that is, quantitative criteria. Modern media, which are primarily an industry (mainstream media, Internet, and social networks), and thus quantification, can also hardly contribute to any kind of human emancipation, since they unquestionably serve profit, i.e., large corporate systems. Moreover, they have recently been significantly infused with artificial intelligence, and social networks are the main training ground for its use. Therefore, it is absurd to expect emancipation through algorithms, which are increasingly used in modern media. It should also be emphasized that free journalism has been banished from the media scene, so to speak, if we exclude the few alternative media that are being systematically pushed out of the public sphere. After all, how can modern media be said to be working in the public interest (even for freedom), and Julian Assange, a symbol of the presentation of relevant facts in the global media space, has beenbimprisoned for a decade as a political prisoner or criminal, similar to many others, less known, like him?
{"title":"Media and freedom: Basic issues","authors":"Divna Vuksanović","doi":"10.5937/cm17-40660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-40660","url":null,"abstract":"The text problematizes, from the perspective of media philosophy, the relationship between the philosophical concept of freedom and the possibility of practicing freedom today in the media. The concept of freedom is one of the central themes of all philosophy, while the media is a newer field of research in philosophical-critical thought. Freedom in the media, which we propose in our article, is understood as a self-evident phenomenon. It is mostly spoken of on the basis of segmented, bureaucratically articulated \"standards\" that are often reduced to numbers, that is, quantitative criteria. Modern media, which are primarily an industry (mainstream media, Internet, and social networks), and thus quantification, can also hardly contribute to any kind of human emancipation, since they unquestionably serve profit, i.e., large corporate systems. Moreover, they have recently been significantly infused with artificial intelligence, and social networks are the main training ground for its use. Therefore, it is absurd to expect emancipation through algorithms, which are increasingly used in modern media. It should also be emphasized that free journalism has been banished from the media scene, so to speak, if we exclude the few alternative media that are being systematically pushed out of the public sphere. After all, how can modern media be said to be working in the public interest (even for freedom), and Julian Assange, a symbol of the presentation of relevant facts in the global media space, has beenbimprisoned for a decade as a political prisoner or criminal, similar to many others, less known, like him?","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"13 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79669326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Post-truth media manipulation techniques dominantly provoke the emotional response in media audience. Fake news, as a specific post-truth subtype, present fabricated information directed to a specific media goal, usually motivated by clear economic and political intentions. Media and information literacy, thus, as a logical response to media manipulation, advocate a critical evaluation of the media content. However, in this paper, we argue about information literacy as the first and foremost strategy of defense against fabricated information focused on emotional reaction. We use literature framework to outline techniques which serve as protectors against various forms of media manipulation, such as the ability to observe and investigate the credibility of content, awareness of the alternative information, as well as the possibilities for ethical dissemination of information.
{"title":"On how to defend oneself against media manipulation: The role of the informational and media literacy","authors":"Jovana Davidović","doi":"10.5937/cm17-34211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-34211","url":null,"abstract":"Post-truth media manipulation techniques dominantly provoke the emotional response in media audience. Fake news, as a specific post-truth subtype, present fabricated information directed to a specific media goal, usually motivated by clear economic and political intentions. Media and information literacy, thus, as a logical response to media manipulation, advocate a critical evaluation of the media content. However, in this paper, we argue about information literacy as the first and foremost strategy of defense against fabricated information focused on emotional reaction. We use literature framework to outline techniques which serve as protectors against various forms of media manipulation, such as the ability to observe and investigate the credibility of content, awareness of the alternative information, as well as the possibilities for ethical dissemination of information.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78522912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although it looks like a mainly peacetime, journalism seems to be on the front lines of a war, struggling to survive in the new communication environment. Journalists work in a strongly polarized political and media scene, which obscures the basic principles of the profession. While losing its ideological concept, the profession is on a socio-economic seesaw: for journalists it is precarious profession, and for editors and top menagement it strives to be an elite comfort zone. There are frequent calls on journalists to get out of the grip of media conglomerates and start doing business as entrepreneurs, although such an attitude often seems utopian. The aim of the paper is to critically analyse the role of the journalist in the new environment. The author will try to define how the role of the journalists has been redefined in the new media, social and political environment, trying to determine how these changes have affected the basic principles of the journalist's profession. The article is based on conceptual analysis of the role of journalists and principles of journalism, following these three issues/segments: in the first part, the paper will discuss on the role of the journalist through the concept of a new social stratification; in the following segment, the author will try to analyze new shape of journalism through the business model of entrepreneur journalism. In the last part, the analysis will be based on the discussion of the conceptual framework of the occupational ideology of journalism, from watchdog to opiniondog role.
{"title":"Resetting the role of the journalist in the new media environment: Occupational ideology of journalism, media polarisation and socio-economic status of journalists","authors":"M. Kulić","doi":"10.5937/cm15-25408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-25408","url":null,"abstract":"Although it looks like a mainly peacetime, journalism seems to be on the front lines of a war, struggling to survive in the new communication environment. Journalists work in a strongly polarized political and media scene, which obscures the basic principles of the profession. While losing its ideological concept, the profession is on a socio-economic seesaw: for journalists it is precarious profession, and for editors and top menagement it strives to be an elite comfort zone. There are frequent calls on journalists to get out of the grip of media conglomerates and start doing business as entrepreneurs, although such an attitude often seems utopian. The aim of the paper is to critically analyse the role of the journalist in the new environment. The author will try to define how the role of the journalists has been redefined in the new media, social and political environment, trying to determine how these changes have affected the basic principles of the journalist's profession. The article is based on conceptual analysis of the role of journalists and principles of journalism, following these three issues/segments: in the first part, the paper will discuss on the role of the journalist through the concept of a new social stratification; in the following segment, the author will try to analyze new shape of journalism through the business model of entrepreneur journalism. In the last part, the analysis will be based on the discussion of the conceptual framework of the occupational ideology of journalism, from watchdog to opiniondog role.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88495893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New media is essential part of everyday practices of individuals. Research shows that 80% respondents on the territory of Serbia checks their social media accounts several times a day. For average consumer this means that they are in constant contact with friends and that they have easy access to information and news. For companies continuous presence is a source of significant data about habits and opinions of consumers. Question remains: How can users create their own digital footprints in various ways? How big companies can abuse data? If data became oil of 21st century, does that mean users have become commodities? The aim of this paper is to show what is happening with users' privacy when engaging with new media, through mapping characteristics of new media, current centers of power in digital world, defining the concepts of digital footprints and privacy in online sphere and through case study of privacy violations.
{"title":"Digital footprints in the era of new media","authors":"Jovan Nikolic","doi":"10.5937/cm15-24096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-24096","url":null,"abstract":"New media is essential part of everyday practices of individuals. Research shows that 80% respondents on the territory of Serbia checks their social media accounts several times a day. For average consumer this means that they are in constant contact with friends and that they have easy access to information and news. For companies continuous presence is a source of significant data about habits and opinions of consumers. Question remains: How can users create their own digital footprints in various ways? How big companies can abuse data? If data became oil of 21st century, does that mean users have become commodities? The aim of this paper is to show what is happening with users' privacy when engaging with new media, through mapping characteristics of new media, current centers of power in digital world, defining the concepts of digital footprints and privacy in online sphere and through case study of privacy violations.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"33 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72372012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 2015, the phenomenon of constructive journalism has been mentioned in communication theory and practice. Theorists agree that this is a novelty approach of journalism, but there are still terminological doubts when it comes to the precise conceptualization of this direction. Constructive journalism is identified as a direction, a tool, a form, a kind, a concept, as a new philosophy or culture of news. In this paper, we made a metatheoretical analysis of available scientific, qualitative and quantitative research on the concept of constructive journalism. We offered a unique definition, characteristics, role, basic principles, specifics in relation to other journalistic directions and the historical development of constructive journalism. We introduced constructive journalism as a new type or concept of reporting focused on a positive interpretive framework imbued with optimism in which the journalist acts proactively and goes beyond presenting an existing problem. In this journalism type, journalist try to discover possible solutions and examples of good answers to a problem that have already been successfully implemented somewhere, and could be imitated in a specific social context in the present or the future, and in that way answers to the question What to do next. Ultimately, it contributes to the creation of a new culture of news in which the interpretative framework is definitely changing, but media reporting agenda remains the same. The second part of the paper presents results of empirical research obtained by the methods of quantitative content analysis and examination using the written survey technique. The analysis of the content of the Bosnian media (N=663) showed that journalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina is dominated by the classic problem-focused model of reporting with a focus on conflict and negativity as the dominant values of the news. In their answers, citizens (N=445) have shown that they prefer some of the elements of constructive stories.
{"title":"Constructive journalism: Whether it is time for the problem-focused reporting model to be replaced by a walfare-focused reporting model?","authors":"A. Delić","doi":"10.5937/cm16-30897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm16-30897","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2015, the phenomenon of constructive journalism has been mentioned in communication theory and practice. Theorists agree that this is a novelty approach of journalism, but there are still terminological doubts when it comes to the precise conceptualization of this direction. Constructive journalism is identified as a direction, a tool, a form, a kind, a concept, as a new philosophy or culture of news. In this paper, we made a metatheoretical analysis of available scientific, qualitative and quantitative research on the concept of constructive journalism. We offered a unique definition, characteristics, role, basic principles, specifics in relation to other journalistic directions and the historical development of constructive journalism. We introduced constructive journalism as a new type or concept of reporting focused on a positive interpretive framework imbued with optimism in which the journalist acts proactively and goes beyond presenting an existing problem. In this journalism type, journalist try to discover possible solutions and examples of good answers to a problem that have already been successfully implemented somewhere, and could be imitated in a specific social context in the present or the future, and in that way answers to the question What to do next. Ultimately, it contributes to the creation of a new culture of news in which the interpretative framework is definitely changing, but media reporting agenda remains the same. The second part of the paper presents results of empirical research obtained by the methods of quantitative content analysis and examination using the written survey technique. The analysis of the content of the Bosnian media (N=663) showed that journalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina is dominated by the classic problem-focused model of reporting with a focus on conflict and negativity as the dominant values of the news. In their answers, citizens (N=445) have shown that they prefer some of the elements of constructive stories.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87139925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, non-verbal feedback is viewed as a non-verbal adolescents' communication response to a communication stimulus in the form of a message sent through digital media as a didactic tool in teaching. The theoretical considerations cover the dimensions of non-verbal behavior and the semiotics of non-verbal communication in digital interpersonal media. The second half of the article presents an empirical re-search of an experimental character, conducted in the Fifth Belgrade Gymnasium with fourth grade students. The aim of the research is to identify a communication feed-back on information whose content implies critical potential, that is, which can encourage critical thinking of adolescents in the teaching process, lead to the identification of cause and effect relationships, and to draw conclusions from the given data. The methodologi-cal framework of empirical research is quantitative. Group interviews of informative nature and open-ended surveys were used. The results of the research were obtained by a comparative method, observing, comparing and analyzing the feed-back on a mes-sage that implies the potential for critical thinking, in relation to a message that does not imply analysis and synthesis abilities, but is based on information recognition and knowledge reproduction. It was concluded that if adolescents were given the opportunity to show a critical attitude, they would respond non-verbally in digital communication in teaching. When the message does not imply the potential for incitement to critical thinking, but for the recognition of known information and simple reproduction of data, the communicative reaction in teaching is always verbal.
{"title":"Adolescent`s non-verbal feedback on a digital message in teaching","authors":"Violeta Kecman","doi":"10.5937/cm15-24709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-24709","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, non-verbal feedback is viewed as a non-verbal adolescents' communication response to a communication stimulus in the form of a message sent through digital media as a didactic tool in teaching. The theoretical considerations cover the dimensions of non-verbal behavior and the semiotics of non-verbal communication in digital interpersonal media. The second half of the article presents an empirical re-search of an experimental character, conducted in the Fifth Belgrade Gymnasium with fourth grade students. The aim of the research is to identify a communication feed-back on information whose content implies critical potential, that is, which can encourage critical thinking of adolescents in the teaching process, lead to the identification of cause and effect relationships, and to draw conclusions from the given data. The methodologi-cal framework of empirical research is quantitative. Group interviews of informative nature and open-ended surveys were used. The results of the research were obtained by a comparative method, observing, comparing and analyzing the feed-back on a mes-sage that implies the potential for critical thinking, in relation to a message that does not imply analysis and synthesis abilities, but is based on information recognition and knowledge reproduction. It was concluded that if adolescents were given the opportunity to show a critical attitude, they would respond non-verbally in digital communication in teaching. When the message does not imply the potential for incitement to critical thinking, but for the recognition of known information and simple reproduction of data, the communicative reaction in teaching is always verbal.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78518742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of this paper is the impact of social media on political informing and political knowledge of students in Serbia. Based on the premise that social media users can independently create their own information and cognitive environment, our theoretical starting point is the uses and gratification theory, which is often applied in the current research on the impact of social media on different forms of political participation. The main goal of the empirical research is to determine whether the use of social media based on satisfying the daily information, communication and entertainment needs brings about changes in the informing and political knowledge of Serbian students. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research is - the use of social media based on gratifying the needs for information, communication and entertainment leads to better informing and knowledge about politics among students in Serbia. The research sample (N=554) consisted of students aged 19-24 from the Republic of Serbia. In addition, the respondents were the students from the three largest universities in the Republic of Serbia (the University of Belgrade, the University of Novi Sad and the University of Niš). The research findings indicated that the use of social media for the purpose of meeting users' personal needs for general information, communication and entertainment does not lead to a better informing and knowledge about politics among students in Serbia.
{"title":"Impact of social networks on political informing and political knowledge of students in Serbia","authors":"Neven Obradović","doi":"10.5937/cm15-30233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm15-30233","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is the impact of social media on political informing and political knowledge of students in Serbia. Based on the premise that social media users can independently create their own information and cognitive environment, our theoretical starting point is the uses and gratification theory, which is often applied in the current research on the impact of social media on different forms of political participation. The main goal of the empirical research is to determine whether the use of social media based on satisfying the daily information, communication and entertainment needs brings about changes in the informing and political knowledge of Serbian students. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the research is - the use of social media based on gratifying the needs for information, communication and entertainment leads to better informing and knowledge about politics among students in Serbia. The research sample (N=554) consisted of students aged 19-24 from the Republic of Serbia. In addition, the respondents were the students from the three largest universities in the Republic of Serbia (the University of Belgrade, the University of Novi Sad and the University of Niš). The research findings indicated that the use of social media for the purpose of meeting users' personal needs for general information, communication and entertainment does not lead to a better informing and knowledge about politics among students in Serbia.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74732591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Looking at cartoon movies, children learn about masculinity and feminine, behavior, roles, expectations that shape fictional characters in stories shown in cartoon movies on television. The aim of the research is to determine what codes of film art and in what ways they convey gender stereotypes and how verbal and non-verbal means represent gender stereotypes as desirable and thus are a means in the process of socialization of children. The total duration of the observed material, all 65 episodes, in seven series, is 37,080 minutes, or about 10.30 hours. Sampling was conducted in March and April 2016. The results show that the cartoons that were the subject of the research, attracting the attention of children using the codes of film art, convey patriarchal social patterns, which is reflected in the gender socialization of children. However, a certain shift has been noticed, which indicates the maturing of the idea of the importance of gender equality, which should be represented not only in the patriarchate, but in all gender systems that are hierarchical.
{"title":"Gender stereotypes in selected children's short cartoons","authors":"Valentina Đekić","doi":"10.5937/cm16-30673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm16-30673","url":null,"abstract":"Looking at cartoon movies, children learn about masculinity and feminine, behavior, roles, expectations that shape fictional characters in stories shown in cartoon movies on television. The aim of the research is to determine what codes of film art and in what ways they convey gender stereotypes and how verbal and non-verbal means represent gender stereotypes as desirable and thus are a means in the process of socialization of children. The total duration of the observed material, all 65 episodes, in seven series, is 37,080 minutes, or about 10.30 hours. Sampling was conducted in March and April 2016. The results show that the cartoons that were the subject of the research, attracting the attention of children using the codes of film art, convey patriarchal social patterns, which is reflected in the gender socialization of children. However, a certain shift has been noticed, which indicates the maturing of the idea of the importance of gender equality, which should be represented not only in the patriarchate, but in all gender systems that are hierarchical.","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83554304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kultura komentarisanja vesti - Jelena Kleut: Ja (ni)sam bot: Komentari čitalaca kao žanr participacije u digitalnom prostoru, Filozofski fakultet, Novi Sad, 2020","authors":"M. Mitrović","doi":"10.5937/cm16-35030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/cm16-35030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53049,"journal":{"name":"CM Communication and Media","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89036123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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