Pub Date : 2020-02-26DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2020.49.53
Sarmila Belbase, A. Tiwari, S. Baral, S. Banjade, D. Pandey
A survey was carried out to collect information regarding orchard management practices from mandarin growers of mid hills of Gandaki province by taking representative sample size of 80, 25 each from Beni Municipality and Jaljala Rural Municipality and 30 from Kathekhola Rural Municipality of Myagdi,Parbat and Baglung respectively. Purposive selection of site was done, and sampling procedure was simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical tools, chi-square test and t-test were used to analyze the data. The study was carried out to know level of adoption of improved orchard management practices, relation between socio-economic characters and adoption of technology and to identify the constraints perceived by farmers during adoption. From the study it was found that majority of the respondents of mandarin growers were male, middle aged, had medium sized family, had medium farm size, most of them are literate and agriculture was the primary source of income. Majority of farmers had taken training. Most of the respondents were in frequent contact with extension agent seeking the required information. Out of major ten improved management practices, majority of respondents had adopted training and pruning while least adopted practices were micronutrient application. Majority of respondents had low adoption on recommended management practices. Gender, education level, training, land holding size, contact with extension agent had significant association with adoption. Major problems like irrigation, insect and disease, training, lack of labor and cost of input were encountered during the adoption of improved mandarin orchard management practices. It is recommended that, literacy program needed to be strengthened, training should be based on felt need and subsidy should be given to farmers to encourage them towards mandarin cultivation as well as adoption of improved orchard management practices.
{"title":"STUDY OF IMPROVED MANDARIN (Citrus Reticulate Blanco) ORCHARDMANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN MID HILLS OF GANDAKI PROVINCE, NEPAL","authors":"Sarmila Belbase, A. Tiwari, S. Baral, S. Banjade, D. Pandey","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2020.49.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2020.49.53","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was carried out to collect information regarding orchard management practices from mandarin growers of mid hills of Gandaki province by taking representative sample size of 80, 25 each from Beni Municipality and Jaljala Rural Municipality and 30 from Kathekhola Rural Municipality of Myagdi,Parbat and Baglung respectively. Purposive selection of site was done, and sampling procedure was simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical tools, chi-square test and t-test were used to analyze the data. The study was carried out to know level of adoption of improved orchard management practices, relation between socio-economic characters and adoption of technology and to identify the constraints perceived by farmers during adoption. From the study it was found that majority of the respondents of mandarin growers were male, middle aged, had medium sized family, had medium farm size, most of them are literate and agriculture was the primary source of income. Majority of farmers had taken training. Most of the respondents were in frequent contact with extension agent seeking the required information. Out of major ten improved management practices, majority of respondents had adopted training and pruning while least adopted practices were micronutrient application. Majority of respondents had low adoption on recommended management practices. Gender, education level, training, land holding size, contact with extension agent had significant association with adoption. Major problems like irrigation, insect and disease, training, lack of labor and cost of input were encountered during the adoption of improved mandarin orchard management practices. It is recommended that, literacy program needed to be strengthened, training should be based on felt need and subsidy should be given to farmers to encourage them towards mandarin cultivation as well as adoption of improved orchard management practices.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43865001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.29.33
S. R. Devkota
Received 01 December 2019 Accepted 06 January 2020 Available online 05 February 2020 Rice (Oryza sativa) is native to Asia and grown worldwide. Rice feeds more than 50 % of the world population Rice is predominant staple food for 17 countries in Asia and provides 20 % of world's dietary energy supply. So, among cereal it considered as most significant crop. Both biotic and a-biotic factors adversely affect crop and yield. Among them, 70 to 80 % of annual rice yield is lost due to blast disease. Higher statical data of blast disease is threat to growing population on food security. The objective of this review is to know the different methods of controlling blast diseases. Management of blast can be done through various methods but ecofriendly, integration of various cultural, Nutrient, chemical biological and botanical is best. Recent Research has been made in biological, botanical, Resistance development and Nutritional management but development of variety and Biological are best option. Isoprothiolane at 1.5 ml/l and Tricyclazole 22 % + Hexaconazole 3% SC (thrice from booting stage at weekly interval) are best chemical whereas Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf1 @ 10g/kg, SPM5C-1 and SPM5C-2 (aliphatic compounds obtained from Streptomyces sp), Bacillus tequilensis (GYLH001) and pseudomonad EA105 effectively inhibit the growth of M. oryzae. more than 100 R gene are identified as Resistance in Blast. Gene Pyramiding and use of multilines varieties is efficient and able to overcome pesticide hazards. Neem extract 4ml/15ml, Coffee arabica@25%, Nicotiana tabacum@10% are effective but garlic extract @higher doses and neem extract @ 4ml/15 ml are best for complete control. 4 g Si/L in green house condition observed greatest reduction of blast incidence. Several forecasting model predicts probable disease outbreak and reduces crop losses. Similarly, burning of residues and flooding make unfavorable condition to pathogen.
{"title":"A REVIEW ON VARIOUS MANAGEMENT METHOD OF RICE BLAST DISEASE","authors":"S. R. Devkota","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.29.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.29.33","url":null,"abstract":"Received 01 December 2019 Accepted 06 January 2020 Available online 05 February 2020 Rice (Oryza sativa) is native to Asia and grown worldwide. Rice feeds more than 50 % of the world population Rice is predominant staple food for 17 countries in Asia and provides 20 % of world's dietary energy supply. So, among cereal it considered as most significant crop. Both biotic and a-biotic factors adversely affect crop and yield. Among them, 70 to 80 % of annual rice yield is lost due to blast disease. Higher statical data of blast disease is threat to growing population on food security. The objective of this review is to know the different methods of controlling blast diseases. Management of blast can be done through various methods but ecofriendly, integration of various cultural, Nutrient, chemical biological and botanical is best. Recent Research has been made in biological, botanical, Resistance development and Nutritional management but development of variety and Biological are best option. Isoprothiolane at 1.5 ml/l and Tricyclazole 22 % + Hexaconazole 3% SC (thrice from booting stage at weekly interval) are best chemical whereas Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf1 @ 10g/kg, SPM5C-1 and SPM5C-2 (aliphatic compounds obtained from Streptomyces sp), Bacillus tequilensis (GYLH001) and pseudomonad EA105 effectively inhibit the growth of M. oryzae. more than 100 R gene are identified as Resistance in Blast. Gene Pyramiding and use of multilines varieties is efficient and able to overcome pesticide hazards. Neem extract 4ml/15ml, Coffee arabica@25%, Nicotiana tabacum@10% are effective but garlic extract @higher doses and neem extract @ 4ml/15 ml are best for complete control. 4 g Si/L in green house condition observed greatest reduction of blast incidence. Several forecasting model predicts probable disease outbreak and reduces crop losses. Similarly, burning of residues and flooding make unfavorable condition to pathogen.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43036198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-24DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.05.09
Ahukaemere Cm, O. -NH, Aririguzo Bn, Onwudike Su
ABSTRACT
抽象
{"title":"TROPICAL SOIL CARBON STOCKS IN RELATION TO FALLOW AGE AND SOIL DEPTH","authors":"Ahukaemere Cm, O. -NH, Aririguzo Bn, Onwudike Su","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.05.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.05.09","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42022920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-07DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.82.89
Sarah Yew Yen Yee
Durio zibethinus, commonly known as Durian, is an exotic Southeast Asian tropical fruit. More than the pungent aroma the fruit is well-known for, it is said to be beneficial to health as it contains many antioxidants and bioactive compounds that have different potentials for positive impacts on health. However, there is scant existing literature which gives an overview on the amounts of bioactive compounds in several varieties of durian in Southeast Asia, and the relevant health benefits. This review article therefore seeks to consolidate the literature which have identified bioactive compounds and investigated antioxidant activities in durian cultivars from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and China, and studies that have given insight on potential medicinal properties of durians. A literature review was conducted using databases Scopus and ScienceDirect and a total of 30 articles were reviewed. Total polyphenols and flavonoids were highest in the Mon Thong cultivar compared to other Thailand varieties, and ripe or overripe durians were found to contain the highest amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. Durians were also found to contain medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential, and protective effects on cardiac health. Further research on these bioactive compounds in the nutritious fruit with potential medicinal properties can contribute to the medicinal value of durians, as well as benefit the pharmaceutical industries.
{"title":"MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN Durio zibethinus","authors":"Sarah Yew Yen Yee","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.82.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.82.89","url":null,"abstract":"Durio zibethinus, commonly known as Durian, is an exotic Southeast Asian tropical fruit. More than the pungent aroma the fruit is well-known for, it is said to be beneficial to health as it contains many antioxidants and bioactive compounds that have different potentials for positive impacts on health. However, there is scant existing literature which gives an overview on the amounts of bioactive compounds in several varieties of durian in Southeast Asia, and the relevant health benefits. This review article therefore seeks to consolidate the literature which have identified bioactive compounds and investigated antioxidant activities in durian cultivars from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and China, and studies that have given insight on potential medicinal properties of durians. A literature review was conducted using databases Scopus and ScienceDirect and a total of 30 articles were reviewed. Total polyphenols and flavonoids were highest in the Mon Thong cultivar compared to other Thailand varieties, and ripe or overripe durians were found to contain the highest amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. Durians were also found to contain medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic potential, and protective effects on cardiac health. Further research on these bioactive compounds in the nutritious fruit with potential medicinal properties can contribute to the medicinal value of durians, as well as benefit the pharmaceutical industries.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-07DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.77.81
A. Shrestha, N. R. Joshi, B. Dahal, S. Bhandari, S. Acharya, B. Osti
Mango is one of the major fruit crops of Terai region of Nepal; however, farmers are experiencing poor productivity. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the productivity and major constraints of the mango production in Saptari district of Nepal. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was administered among randomly selected 106 farmers from the district of Nepal. Face to face interview was scheduled to obtain the data from sampled farmers from March 26 to May 25, 2020. Multiple regressions were used to access the various factors affecting the productivity of the mango. The regression model depicted that the total number of productive trees and training on commercial mango production was found statistically significant at 1% level of significance. A unit change in the total number of productive trees was found to change the productivity by 0.94 units. Additionally, one-unit change in the trainings regarding commercial mango farming caused the change in productivity by 0.53 units. Further, incidence of diseases and pests, poor access to market, lack of irrigation facility, incidences of natural hazards and modicum of fertilizers on orchard were the major production constraints of mango in Spatari district of Nepal. Therefore, the study has suggested indispensable need training on commercial mango cultivation practices in Saptari district of Nepal.
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR PRODUCITON CONSTRAINTS OF MANGO FARMING IN SAPTARI DISTRICT OF NEPAL","authors":"A. Shrestha, N. R. Joshi, B. Dahal, S. Bhandari, S. Acharya, B. Osti","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.77.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.77.81","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is one of the major fruit crops of Terai region of Nepal; however, farmers are experiencing poor productivity. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the productivity and major constraints of the mango production in Saptari district of Nepal. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was administered among randomly selected 106 farmers from the district of Nepal. Face to face interview was scheduled to obtain the data from sampled farmers from March 26 to May 25, 2020. Multiple regressions were used to access the various factors affecting the productivity of the mango. The regression model depicted that the total number of productive trees and training on commercial mango production was found statistically significant at 1% level of significance. A unit change in the total number of productive trees was found to change the productivity by 0.94 units. Additionally, one-unit change in the trainings regarding commercial mango farming caused the change in productivity by 0.53 units. Further, incidence of diseases and pests, poor access to market, lack of irrigation facility, incidences of natural hazards and modicum of fertilizers on orchard were the major production constraints of mango in Spatari district of Nepal. Therefore, the study has suggested indispensable need training on commercial mango cultivation practices in Saptari district of Nepal.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42668033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-06DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.67.76
B. Rijal, Prakash Baduwal, M. Chaudhary, Sandesh Chapagain, S. Khanal, Saugat Khanal, Padam Bahadur Poudel
Scarcity of water has been a serious agricultural hindrance to crop productivity since antiquity. Drought-stressed loss in wheat yield likely exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the stress are censorious. Here, we have reviewed the effects of drought stress on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes along with the growth impacts, water relations, and photosynthesis impacts in wheat. This review also illustrates the mechanism of drought resistance in wheat. Historical drought years in Nepal have been identified and the yield losses were assessed. Wheat encounters a variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical responses at cellular and molecular levels towards prevailing water stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. Drought stress affects leaf size, stems elongation and root proliferation, imbalance plant-water relations and decline water-use efficiency. Different types of physiological research are ongoing to find out the changes occurs in the wheat plant as a result of drought stress. Morphological changes can be looked through two ways: changes in root system and changes in shoot system such as effects on height, leaf senescence, flowering, and so on. Physiological changes involve changes in cell growth pattern, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic disturbances, plant-water relations, etc. Biochemical changes occur in different chemical, biomolecules, and enzymes. Plants portray several mechanisms to withstand drought stress which can be classified as Drought escape, Drought avoidance, and Drought tolerance. Selection of wheat genotype that can tolerate water scarcity would be suitable for the breeding program aiming to development of drought tolerant variety under water limited regions.
{"title":"DROUGHT STRESS IMPACTS ON WHEAT AND ITS RESISTANCE MECHANISMS","authors":"B. Rijal, Prakash Baduwal, M. Chaudhary, Sandesh Chapagain, S. Khanal, Saugat Khanal, Padam Bahadur Poudel","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.67.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.67.76","url":null,"abstract":"Scarcity of water has been a serious agricultural hindrance to crop productivity since antiquity. Drought-stressed loss in wheat yield likely exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the stress are censorious. Here, we have reviewed the effects of drought stress on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes along with the growth impacts, water relations, and photosynthesis impacts in wheat. This review also illustrates the mechanism of drought resistance in wheat. Historical drought years in Nepal have been identified and the yield losses were assessed. Wheat encounters a variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical responses at cellular and molecular levels towards prevailing water stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. Drought stress affects leaf size, stems elongation and root proliferation, imbalance plant-water relations and decline water-use efficiency. Different types of physiological research are ongoing to find out the changes occurs in the wheat plant as a result of drought stress. Morphological changes can be looked through two ways: changes in root system and changes in shoot system such as effects on height, leaf senescence, flowering, and so on. Physiological changes involve changes in cell growth pattern, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic disturbances, plant-water relations, etc. Biochemical changes occur in different chemical, biomolecules, and enzymes. Plants portray several mechanisms to withstand drought stress which can be classified as Drought escape, Drought avoidance, and Drought tolerance. Selection of wheat genotype that can tolerate water scarcity would be suitable for the breeding program aiming to development of drought tolerant variety under water limited regions.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41944891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.01.04
Wen Chiat Lee, Nicholas Hoe, K. Viswanathan, A. H. Baharuddin
Rice is an important staple food in Malaysia and represents a substantial household expenditure. Malaysia, which imports about 35 percent of its rice, is the 13th largest importer of rice in the world. This makes Malaysia susceptible to global rice crisis, similar to the one in 2008. Climate change is crucial in affecting rice production in tropical countries especially Malaysia as climate projections have shown that climate change will affect countries in the tropics most negatively with increased temperature and flooding due to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. This study analysed the effect of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions on rice production in Malaysia during the period 1970-2013. The analysis incorporated the following variables: total local rice production, carbon dioxide emissions, precipitation, land used for paddy farming, total rice imports, and global average crude oil prices. The results indicated that in the estimated model the level of carbon dioxide does not affect rice production in the short- run. However, increased carbon dioxide emissions can influence rice production indirectly by affecting the level of precipitation. Precipitation and area of irrigated land are significant variables in determining level of rice production. Policies for reducing carbon emissions is however crucial for ensuring long run sustainability in rice production.
{"title":"AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOGENIC CLIMATE CHANGE ON RICE PRODUCTION IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Wen Chiat Lee, Nicholas Hoe, K. Viswanathan, A. H. Baharuddin","doi":"10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.01.2020.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is an important staple food in Malaysia and represents a substantial household expenditure. Malaysia, which imports about 35 percent of its rice, is the 13th largest importer of rice in the world. This makes Malaysia susceptible to global rice crisis, similar to the one in 2008. Climate change is crucial in affecting rice production in tropical countries especially Malaysia as climate projections have shown that climate change will affect countries in the tropics most negatively with increased temperature and flooding due to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. This study analysed the effect of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions on rice production in Malaysia during the period 1970-2013. The analysis incorporated the following variables: total local rice production, carbon dioxide emissions, precipitation, land used for paddy farming, total rice imports, and global average crude oil prices. The results indicated that in the estimated model the level of carbon dioxide does not affect rice production in the short- run. However, increased carbon dioxide emissions can influence rice production indirectly by affecting the level of precipitation. Precipitation and area of irrigated land are significant variables in determining level of rice production. Policies for reducing carbon emissions is however crucial for ensuring long run sustainability in rice production.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46313299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-14DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.44.48
Pervin Akter, B. Sultana
This research investigated the allelopathic effects, the yields and qualitative phytochemical screening of the water extract of root exudates of five weed species i.e. Cyperus rotundus L. (T1), Marselia quadrifolia L. (T2), Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell, (T3) Pistia stratiotes L. (T4) and Colocasia esculenta L. (T5). The allelopathic tests of root exudates on five weed species showed that all the extracts had the pronounced inhibitory effect on cowpea and mungbean (tested crops). The yields of root exudates of the selected weed species varied. Root exudate of T3 showed the highest yield whereby T1 contained the lowest one. A preliminary phytochemical test showed the positive result of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and carbohydrates whereas proteins, amino acids, tannins, saponins, have been found to be absent in the root exudates of tested weeds. The results evidenced that these mentioned weeds contain compounds in their root exudates which may cause allelopathic effects on both tested crops.
研究了5种杂草(Cyperus rotundus L. (T1)、Marselia quadrifolia L. (T2)、Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell、Pistia stratiotes L. (T3)和Colocasia esculenta L. (T5))根分泌物水提取物的化感作用、产量和植物化学定性筛选。根分泌物对5种杂草的化感作用试验表明，所有提取物对豇豆和绿豆(被试作物)均有明显的抑制作用。所选杂草的根分泌物产量各不相同。根系分泌物中T3产量最高，T1产量最低。初步的植物化学试验结果显示，生物碱、类黄酮、酚类和碳水化合物呈阳性，而蛋白质、氨基酸、单宁、皂苷等在试验杂草的根分泌物中均未发现。结果证明，这些杂草的根分泌物中含有可能对两种被试作物产生化感作用的化合物。
{"title":"ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS, YIELDS AND QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ROOT EXUDATES OF FIVE WEED SPECIES","authors":"Pervin Akter, B. Sultana","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.44.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.44.48","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigated the allelopathic effects, the yields and qualitative phytochemical screening of the water extract of root exudates of five weed species i.e. Cyperus rotundus L. (T1), Marselia quadrifolia L. (T2), Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell, (T3) Pistia stratiotes L. (T4) and Colocasia esculenta L. (T5). The allelopathic tests of root exudates on five weed species showed that all the extracts had the pronounced inhibitory effect on cowpea and mungbean (tested crops). The yields of root exudates of the selected weed species varied. Root exudate of T3 showed the highest yield whereby T1 contained the lowest one. A preliminary phytochemical test showed the positive result of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and carbohydrates whereas proteins, amino acids, tannins, saponins, have been found to be absent in the root exudates of tested weeds. The results evidenced that these mentioned weeds contain compounds in their root exudates which may cause allelopathic effects on both tested crops.","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45604255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-29DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.39.43
J. Kumar, B. Natasha, K. Suraj, Shrestha Arjun Kumar, Kadariya Manahar
{"title":"ROOFTOP FARMING: AN ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL FARMING FOR URBAN SUSTAINABILITY","authors":"J. Kumar, B. Natasha, K. Suraj, Shrestha Arjun Kumar, Kadariya Manahar","doi":"10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.39.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.39.43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53052,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46679054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-14DOI: 10.26480/MJSA.01.2019.28.32
L. Ugwuowo, C. Ebenebe, C. Ezeano, C. Nnadi
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of photoperiod on the growth performance and behavioral pattern of Achatina achatina. Ninety snails of uniform weights were used for the study which lasted for 56 days. The snails were randomly assigned to three treatments and each treatment was replicated three times with 10 snails per replicate. The snails were exposed to different light duration. Treatment 1 had 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness, Treatment 2 was subjected to 18 hours light and 6 hours darkness, Treatment 3 was subjected to 24 hours light. The data collected was analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test for significant mean separation. Data were collected on feed intake, weight gain, time of feeding and reproductive behaviors. The results of the experiment showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in final weight gain, average daily weight gain, total feed intake, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, duration of courtship, duration of feeding and cost of feed per kg weight gain between treatments. The results also showed that there were significant differences in number of eggs laid and mating duration between treatments. From the result, it was concluded that the best photoperiod for Achatina achatina is 24 hours light as it produced the lowest feed conversion ratio and cost of feed per kg weight gain and that was recommended for effective growth of Achatina achatina.
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